JP6261520B2 - 内部フィルタエレメントを備えたアンモニア酸化反応器 - Google Patents
内部フィルタエレメントを備えたアンモニア酸化反応器 Download PDFInfo
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 92
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007806 chemical reaction intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012771 pancakes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/20—Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
- C01B21/24—Nitric oxide (NO)
- C01B21/26—Preparation by catalytic or non-catalytic oxidation of ammonia
- C01B21/267—Means for preventing deterioration or loss of catalyst or for recovering lost catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J12/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- B01J12/007—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor in the presence of catalytically active bodies, e.g. porous plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
- B01J8/006—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream by filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0242—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/025—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical in a cylindrical shaped bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0285—Heating or cooling the reactor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/20—Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
- C01B21/24—Nitric oxide (NO)
- C01B21/26—Preparation by catalytic or non-catalytic oxidation of ammonia
- C01B21/28—Apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
- B01J2208/00203—Coils
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/02—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor with stationary particles
- B01J2208/023—Details
- B01J2208/027—Beds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00018—Construction aspects
- B01J2219/00024—Revamping, retrofitting or modernisation of existing plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Description
本開示は、触媒の存在下でアンモニアを一酸化窒素に酸化するための反応容器を提供する。特に、本開示は、アンモニアを一酸化窒素に酸化する間に放出された触媒を収集する内部フィルタエレメントを有する反応容器を提供する。
硝酸は、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸カリウムまたはニトロリン酸塩の形式における窒素肥料または有機肥料を製造するために使用される。硝酸は、火薬、プラスチック工業および化学工業においても使用される。
触媒の存在下でアンモニアを一酸化窒素に酸化するための反応容器が提供される。触媒は、酸化中に放出され得る。反応容器は、上部、下部および中間部を有する反応器本体を有する。上部および中間部は協働してキャビティを画成しており、このキャビティにおいて、アンモニアが触媒作用により酸化され、一酸化窒素を提供する。内部フィルタエレメントは、内部体積を画成したフィルタケージと、フィルタケージの周囲に配置されたフィルタ媒体とを有する。内部フィルタエレメントは、アンモニアの酸化中に放出された触媒を収集する。
触媒の存在下でアンモニアを一酸化窒素に酸化するための反応容器10が提供される。図1を参照すると、反応容器10は、上部12、下部14および中間部16を有する反応器本体11を有する。通常、反応容器10は概して円筒状である。しかしながら、反応容器10はその他の形状であってもよい。上部12および下部14は概してドーム状であるが、その他の形状および構成を有してもよい。フランジ接合部が、上部12と中間部16とを接合していてもよい。加えて、フランジ接合部が、中間部16と下部14とを接合していてもよい。別の実施の形態において、反応容器10は、別個の接合部を有することなく一体化された上部12と中間部16とを有してもよい。反応容器10の下部14は、反応容器10の容易なアクセスおよびメンテナンスを可能にするために、反応容器10から容易に取外し可能であるべきである。したがって、下部14は、このことを念頭に置いて寸法決めおよび固定されるべきである。
Claims (9)
- 酸化中に放出され得る触媒の存在下での一酸化窒素へのアンモニアの酸化のための反応容器であって、該反応容器は、
反応器本体であって、上部、下部および中間部を有し、前記上部および前記中間部は協働してキャビティを画成しており、該キャビティにおいてアンモニアは触媒作用によって酸化させられて一酸化窒素を提供する、反応器本体と、
該反応器本体を横切って延びており、前記下部を前記キャビティから分割しているフィルタプレートと、
該フィルタプレートに設けられた内部フィルタエレメントであって、該内部フィルタエレメントは、内部体積を画成するフィルタケージと、該フィルタケージに隣接して配置されかつ前記フィルタプレートから前記キャビティ内へ上方へ突出したフィルタ媒体と、を含み、前記内部フィルタエレメントは、酸化中に放出された前記触媒を捕捉する、内部フィルタエレメントと、を備えることを特徴とする、反応容器。 - 前記フィルタ媒体は、セラミックを含む、請求項1記載の反応容器。
- 前記キャビティにおいて前記内部フィルタエレメントの上方に配置された熱除去装置をさらに備える、請求項1または2記載の反応容器。
- 前記フィルタ媒体は、前記フィルタケージの前記内部体積に配置されている、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載の反応容器。
- 前記内部フィルタエレメントはさらに、複数の内部フィルタエレメントとして規定される、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の反応容器。
- 前記内部フィルタエレメントはさらに、フィルタベースと、取付ガスケットとを含み、前記フィルタベースは、前記フィルタケージと前記フィルタプレートとの間に配置されておりかつ前記フィルタケージを前記フィルタプレートに結合しており、前記取付ガスケットは、前記フィルタプレートと前記フィルタベースとの間に配置されている、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項記載の反応容器。
- 前記内部フィルタエレメントが、前記キャビティ内に配置され、かつセラミックを含むフィルタ媒体を有する、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項記載の反応容器。
- 前記フィルタ媒体は、0.1〜10μmの有効フィルタサイズを有する、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項記載の反応容器。
- 酸化中に放出され得る触媒の存在下でアンモニアを一酸化窒素に酸化させる方法であって、該方法は、
反応器本体を含む反応容器を提供し、
前記反応器本体は、上部、下部および中間部を含み、
前記上部および前記中間部は協働してキャビティを画成しており、
該キャビティ内に内部フィルタエレメントを提供し、
前記キャビティ内の触媒の存在下でアンモニアを酸化させ、一酸化窒素を形成し、
アンモニアを酸化させるステップの間に放出された触媒を前記内部フィルタエレメントによって内部でろ過し、
前記放出された触媒を前記内部フィルタエレメントから収集し、
前記反応器本体の前記中間部から前記反応器本体の前記下部を解離し、
前記反応器本体の前記下部を、前記キャビティから前記内部フィルタエレメントを取り出すために十分な高さまで下降させることを含み、放出された触媒を前記内部フィルタエレメントから収集する前記ステップは、前記反応器本体の前記下部を下降させる前記ステップの後に行われることを特徴とする、触媒の存在下でアンモニアを一酸化窒素に酸化させる方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201261606651P | 2012-03-05 | 2012-03-05 | |
US61/606,651 | 2012-03-05 | ||
PCT/US2013/027367 WO2013133992A1 (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2013-02-22 | Ammonia oxidation reactor with internal filter element |
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JP2015511929A JP2015511929A (ja) | 2015-04-23 |
JP6261520B2 true JP6261520B2 (ja) | 2018-01-17 |
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US (1) | US9663366B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2822681A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6261520B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102037702B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104220156B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2866327A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX360535B (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2632685C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013133992A1 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA201407144B (ja) |
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RU2717801C1 (ru) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-03-25 | Публичное акционерное общество "КуйбышевАзот" | Реактор для каталитической парокислородной конверсии аммиака |
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US2226113A (en) * | 1938-08-26 | 1940-12-24 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Method for reacting gas mixtures by means of precious metal catalysts |
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US3627497A (en) * | 1970-01-12 | 1971-12-14 | Chemical Construction Corp | Apparatus for catalytic ammonia oxidation |
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-
2013
- 2013-02-22 EP EP13709629.3A patent/EP2822681A1/en active Pending
- 2013-02-22 WO PCT/US2013/027367 patent/WO2013133992A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-02-22 MX MX2014010601A patent/MX360535B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2013-02-22 KR KR1020147027514A patent/KR102037702B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-02-22 CA CA2866327A patent/CA2866327A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-02-22 CN CN201380020199.8A patent/CN104220156B/zh active Active
- 2013-02-22 US US14/383,018 patent/US9663366B2/en active Active
- 2013-02-22 JP JP2014560938A patent/JP6261520B2/ja active Active
- 2013-02-22 RU RU2014140103A patent/RU2632685C2/ru active
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WO2013133992A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
CN104220156B (zh) | 2017-06-20 |
RU2632685C2 (ru) | 2017-10-09 |
US9663366B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 |
EP2822681A1 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
ZA201407144B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
CN104220156A (zh) | 2014-12-17 |
RU2014140103A (ru) | 2016-04-27 |
KR20140138819A (ko) | 2014-12-04 |
MX2014010601A (es) | 2014-11-25 |
US20150030521A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
CA2866327A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
KR102037702B1 (ko) | 2019-10-29 |
JP2015511929A (ja) | 2015-04-23 |
MX360535B (es) | 2018-11-07 |
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