JP6106604B2 - 水素の電気化学的製造方法 - Google Patents
水素の電気化学的製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6106604B2 JP6106604B2 JP2013549545A JP2013549545A JP6106604B2 JP 6106604 B2 JP6106604 B2 JP 6106604B2 JP 2013549545 A JP2013549545 A JP 2013549545A JP 2013549545 A JP2013549545 A JP 2013549545A JP 6106604 B2 JP6106604 B2 JP 6106604B2
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- Prior art keywords
- anolyte
- catholyte
- hydroxide
- sodium
- substrate
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 77
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 50
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 166
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 114
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- -1 hydroxide ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 69
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- NBTOZLQBSIZIKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxide Chemical compound [O-]C NBTOZLQBSIZIKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000873 Beta-alumina solid electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052977 alkali metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001516 alkali metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 7
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940006461 iodide ion Drugs 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxolead Chemical compound O=[Pb]=O YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- NALMPLUMOWIVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,4-trimethylbenzeneamine oxide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+](C)(C)[O-])C=C1 NALMPLUMOWIVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011697 sodium iodate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000015281 sodium iodate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940032753 sodium iodate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- SAFWHKYSCUAGHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hypoiodite Chemical compound [Na+].I[O-] SAFWHKYSCUAGHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003915 cell function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000833 kovar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LBSANEJBGMCTBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganate Chemical compound [O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O LBSANEJBGMCTBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001313 Cobalt-iron alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KGWWEXORQXHJJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Fe].[Co].[Ni] KGWWEXORQXHJJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- BNBLBRISEAQIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O BNBLBRISEAQIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodate Chemical compound [O-]I(=O)=O ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium methoxide Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CVMIVKAWUQZOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganic acid Chemical class O[Mn](O)(=O)=O CVMIVKAWUQZOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical group [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium methoxide Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXBOMIKEWRRKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Re]=O WXBOMIKEWRRKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OQVYMXCRDHDTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)-2-[4-(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)pyridin-2-yl]pyridine Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)CC1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(CP(=O)(OCC)OCC)C=2)=C1 OQVYMXCRDHDTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000872931 Myoporum sandwicense Species 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VDQVEACBQKUUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M disodium;sulfanide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[SH-] VDQVEACBQKUUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005633 iodate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YQNQTEBHHUSESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium aluminate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Al]=O YQNQTEBHHUSESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKBSHNBSEUWDAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sodium dihydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+] FKBSHNBSEUWDAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium sulfide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[S-2] GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004704 methoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[K+].[K+] DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Al]=O KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003449 rhenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Ta](=O)O[Ta](=O)=O PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/18—Alkaline earth metal compounds or magnesium compounds
- C25B1/20—Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
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Description
カソード:4H2O+4e−→4OH−+H2
H2O→H2+1/2O2
(B)2M++2H2O+2e−→2MOH+H2(陰極液は水溶液およびM+のカチオンから成り、ここでM+はNa+、Li+又はK+であり、陰極液は、陽極液20から膜45を介して移送される陰極液35である)
(C)2M++2CH3OH+2e−→2MOCH3+H2(陰極液はメタノールと、Na+、Li+及びK+から選択されるM+のカチオンとから成り、陰極液は、陽極液20から膜45を介して移送される陰極液35である)
(E)カソード40における還元反応:Na++H2O→NaOH+H2(E0=+3.94V(還元電位))
(G) 3IO−→2I−+IO3 −
式(F)と(G)から
(H) 3I2+6OH−→IO3 −+5I−+3H2O
(I)IO3 −+6H++6e−→T+3H2O
(J)Na++I−→NaI
(L)3NaOI→NaIO3+2NaI
(M)2NaOH+I2→2NaI+H2O+1/2O2
Claims (27)
- 水から酸素を発生させる電位より高い標準酸化電位を有する酸化基質から成る陽極液と陽極液に接するアノードとを収納する陽極液室と、電気化学的還元能を有して水素および水酸化物イオン又はメトキシドイオンを形成する水およびメタノールから選択される還元基質から成る陰極液と陰極液に接するカソードとを収納する陰極液室と、陰極液室から陽極液室を分離するアルカリカチオン選択透過膜とから成る電気化学的セルを供給する工程と、アノードとカソードとの間に電位を通じて、水の電解電位より低い電気化学的セルの作動電位を供給して陽極液室内で酸化基質を酸化して酸化物質を生成し、陰極室内の電気化学的還元能を有する還元基質を還元して水素および水酸化物イオン又はメトキシドイオンを製造する工程と、陽極液室から酸化物質を除去する工程と、陰極液室から水酸化物イオン又はメトキシドイオンを除去する工程と、酸化物質と水酸化物イオン又はメトキシドイオンとを反応させて酸化基質を再生する工程とから成る水素を製造する方法であって、アルカリカチオン選択透過膜がNaSICON膜、NaSICON型膜、LiSICON膜、LiSICON型膜、KSICON膜、KSICON型膜、ナトリウム伝導ガラス及びβ−アルミナ膜から選択されることを特徴とする水素を製造する方法。
- 水素の製造における電気化学的セルの開路電位が1.23V未満である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 酸化基質が、ハロゲン化物イオン、カルコゲニドイオン、マンガン酸イオン及びアルミン酸イオンから選択される請求項1に記載の方法。
- ハロゲン化物イオンがヨウ素イオン又は臭素イオンから選択され、カルコゲニドイオンが、硫黄イオン、セレン又はテルルイオンである請求項3に記載の方法。
- 陽極液が、酸化基質のアルカリ金属塩から成る請求項1に記載の方法。
- アルカリ金属塩がヨウ化ナトリウムから成る請求項5に記載の方法。
- 陽極液がヨウ化ナトリウム又は硫化ナトリウムと添加物とから成り、当該添加物が導電体と有機溶媒との混合物から成り、当該導電体がグラファイト、チタン、タンタル及びモリブデンから選択され、当該有機溶媒がアルコール、グリム又はエーテル或いはイオン性液体類の溶媒から選択される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 陰極液が、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液および非水メタノール/ナトリウムメトキシド溶液から選択される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 更に、陽極液を40℃〜140℃に加熱する工程を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 陽極液が、更に非水溶媒および固体状導電性添加剤から選択される物質を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- アノードが寸法安定性アノードから成り、陽極液が水性溶媒から成る請求項1に記載の方法。
- 陽極液室内で酸化基質を酸化して酸化物質を生成する工程が、陽極液中のヨウ化ナトリウムを酸化してヨウ素分子を形成する工程であり、酸化物質と水酸化物イオン又はメトキシドイオンとを化学反応させて酸化基質を再生する工程が、ヨウ素分子と水酸化ナトリウムとを反応させてヨウ化ナトリウムを再生する工程である請求項6に記載の方法。
- 水から酸素を発生させる電位より高い標準酸化電位を有する酸化基質から成る陽極液と陽極液に接するアノードとを収納する陽極液室と、電気化学的還元能を有して水素および水酸化物イオン又はメトキシドイオンを形成する水およびメタノールから選択される還元基質から成る陰極液と陰極液に接するカソードとを収納する陰極液室と、陽極液室と陰極液室との間に配置されるアルカリ金属カチオンを選択的に透過できるアルカリカチオン伝導性膜と、アノードとカソードとに接続し、水の電解電位より低い電気化学的セルの作動電位を供給して陽極液室内で酸化基質を酸化して酸化物質を生成し、陰極室内の電気化学的還元能を有する還元基質を還元して水素および水酸化物イオン又はメトキシドイオンを製造するための電源と、酸化物質を除去するための陽極液室排出口と、水酸化物イオン又はメトキシドイオン除去するための陰極液室排出口と、排出された酸化物質と水酸化物イオン又はメトキシドイオンとを受容し、酸化物質と水酸化物イオン又はメトキシドイオンとを化学反応させて酸化基質を再生するように設計された再生セルとから成る水素製造電気化学的セルであって、アルカリカチオン伝導性膜が、NaSICON膜、NaSICON型膜、LiSICON膜、LiSICON型膜、KSICON膜、KSICON型膜、ナトリウム伝導性ガラス及びβアルミナ膜から選択されることを特徴とする電気化学的セル。
- 酸化基質がヨウ化物イオンから成る請求項13に記載の電気化学的セル。
- 陽極液が、更に非水溶媒および固体状導電性添加剤から選択される物質を含む請求項13に記載の電気化学的セル。
- アノードが寸法安定性アノードから成り、陽極液が水性溶媒から成る請求項13に記載の電気化学的セル。
- 水素を製造する方法であって、当該方法は、(1)ヨウ化アルカリ金属塩から成る陽極液と接するアノードから成る陽極液を保持する陽極液室と、電気化学的還元性を有して水素と水酸化物イオンを形成できる水から成る陰極液と接するカソードから成る陰極液室と、陰極液室から陽極液室を分離し、アルカリ金属カチオンを選択的に陽極液室から陰極液室に透過する伝導性膜とから成る電気化学的セルを提供する工程と、(2)アノードとカソードとの間に電気的な電位を通じて水を還元して水素および水酸化アルカリを発生し、ヨウ化アルカリ金属からのヨウ化物イオンを酸化してヨウ素分子を形成する工程と、(3)ヨウ素分子とアルカリ水酸化物とを反応させてヨウ化アルカリ金属塩を再生する工程とから成ることを特徴とする水素を製造する方法。
- ヨウ素分子およびアルカリ水酸化物が70℃〜140℃の反応温度で反応する請求項17に記載の方法。
- 反応温度が、ソーラーエネルギー、地熱エネルギー及び工業副産物として得られる熱から選択される熱源を介して得られる請求項17に記載の方法。
- ヨウ素分子と反応するアルカリ水酸化物の濃度が、30重量%〜50重量%の濃度である請求項17に記載の方法。
- ヨウ素分子とアルカリ水酸化物とが金属酸化物触媒の存在下で反応し、ヨウ化アルカリ金属の形成を容易にする請求項17に記載の方法。
- 陽極液が、非水溶媒とヨウ化アルカリ金属または非水溶媒と硫化アルカリ金属とから選択される物質から成る請求項17に記載の方法。
- 陽極液が、水性溶媒とヨウ化アルカリ金属または水性溶媒と硫化アルカリ金属とから選択される物質から成る請求項17に記載の方法。
- 陰極液が、アルカリ水酸化物水溶液または非水メタノール/ナトリウムメトキシド溶液から選択される化学物質から成る請求項17に記載の方法。
- ヨウ化アルカリ金属がヨウ化ナトリウムから成る請求項17に記載の方法。
- 水素の製造のための電気化学的セルの開路電位が1.23V未満である請求項17に記載の方法。
- 陽極液が、ナトリウムを含むイオン性基質から成る請求項1に記載の方法。
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KR100766701B1 (ko) | 2006-12-01 | 2007-10-15 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 광전셀을 이용한 물 분해 수소 생산 시스템 |
US20100044242A1 (en) | 2008-08-25 | 2010-02-25 | Sai Bhavaraju | Methods For Producing Sodium Hypochlorite With a Three-Compartment Apparatus Containing an Acidic Anolyte |
AU2009302811A1 (en) | 2008-10-08 | 2010-04-15 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Catalytic materials, photoanodes, and photoelectrochemical cells for water electrolysis and other electrochemical techniques |
CA2737039C (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2015-08-04 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Apparatus and method for reducing an alkali metal electrochemically at a temperature below the metal's melting temperature |
WO2012097167A2 (en) | 2011-01-12 | 2012-07-19 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Electrochemical production of hydrogen |
EP2668316A2 (en) | 2011-01-27 | 2013-12-04 | Ceramatec, Inc | Electrochemical conversion of alkali sulfate into useful chemical products |
US9845539B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2017-12-19 | Sulfurcycle Intellectual Property Holding Company Llc | Treatment of hydrogen sulfide |
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WO2017151857A1 (en) | 2017-09-08 |
WO2012097167A2 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
WO2012097167A3 (en) | 2012-10-26 |
US20120175268A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
CA2860419C (en) | 2020-12-15 |
CA2860419A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
US10337108B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
US9297084B2 (en) | 2016-03-29 |
EP2663668A2 (en) | 2013-11-20 |
JP2014502676A (ja) | 2014-02-03 |
US20160222524A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
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