JP6194516B2 - Mis型半導体装置 - Google Patents
Mis型半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6194516B2 JP6194516B2 JP2014175606A JP2014175606A JP6194516B2 JP 6194516 B2 JP6194516 B2 JP 6194516B2 JP 2014175606 A JP2014175606 A JP 2014175606A JP 2014175606 A JP2014175606 A JP 2014175606A JP 6194516 B2 JP6194516 B2 JP 6194516B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 137
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 251
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 147
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 84
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 34
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 21
- DOTMOQHOJINYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular nitrogen;molecular oxygen Chemical compound N#N.O=O DOTMOQHOJINYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005001 rutherford backscattering spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 Si x N y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017109 AlON Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052774 Proactinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004541 SiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01L29/51—Insulating materials associated therewith
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- H01L29/66446—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an active layer made of a group 13/15 material, e.g. group 13/15 velocity modulation transistor [VMT], group 13/15 negative resistance FET [NERFET]
- H01L29/66462—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an active layer made of a group 13/15 material, e.g. group 13/15 velocity modulation transistor [VMT], group 13/15 negative resistance FET [NERFET] with a heterojunction interface channel or gate, e.g. HFET, HIGFET, SISFET, HJFET, HEMT
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- H01L29/7395—Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT
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- H01L29/7397—Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT with a non planar surface, e.g. with a non planar gate or with a trench or recess or pillar in the surface of the emitter, base or collector region for improving current density or short circuiting the emitter and base regions and a gate structure lying on a slanted or vertical surface or formed in a groove, e.g. trench gate IGBT
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulated Gate Type Field-Effect Transistor (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Formation Of Insulating Films (AREA)
- Junction Field-Effect Transistors (AREA)
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Description
第2発明は、半導体層上にZrO x N y からなるゲート絶縁膜を有し、ゲート絶縁膜上にゲート電極を有したゲート印加電圧が5V以上のMIS型半導体装置において、ゲート絶縁膜の酸素組成比x、窒素組成比yは、x>0、y>0、0.8≦y/x≦10、且つ、0.8≦0.59x+y≦1.0を満たし、ゲート絶縁膜は微結晶であることを特徴とするMIS型半導体装置である。
まず、n型のSi基板である半導体層10を用意し、半導体層10の表面をアセトン、IPA(イソプロピルアルコール)、超純水を順に用いて洗浄し、半導体層10表面の油分を除去する。その後、半導体層10をバッファードフッ酸に浸漬させて、半導体層10表面の自然酸化膜を除去する(図2(a))。
ZrOx Ny の酸素組成比x、窒素組成比yを各種変化させたゲート絶縁膜11を有した実施例1のMIS型半導体装置を作製し、C−V特性を測定することで、しきい値電圧の安定性を検証した。C−V特性は、ゲート印加電圧を、−2Vから5V、5Vから−2V、−2Vから10V、10Vから−2V、−2Vから15V、15Vから−2V、−2Vから5Vと連続的に繰り返して掃引して変化させた。電圧の掃引速度は0.1V/sとした。このときの、しきい値電圧のシフト量ΔVを測定した。
また、直線0.59x+y=0.9(太実線)上の窒素酸素組成比y/xにおけるしきい値電圧のシフト量ΔVは、図4に示す点を通る曲線上に存在し、プロット点1〜7については0.5V以下,プロット点3〜6については0.2V以下と小さい。したがって、直線0.59x+y=0.9(太実線)に垂直な方向の窒素酸素組成比y/xの変化に対して、直線上の窒素酸素組成比y/xは、シフト量ΔVの極小値を与えていると考えられる。
そこで、0.8≦0.59x+y≦1.0の範囲(下側の細実線と上側の細実線が囲まれた範囲)において、直線0.59x+y=0.9(太実線)上の任意の点におけるしきい値電圧のシフト量をΔVとするとき、この直線に垂直な方向への窒素組成比、酸素組成比の変化に対するシフト量の変動幅は、1.2ΔV以下と想定される。すなわち、太実線に対して垂直な方向の組成比の変化に対するシフト量の最大値は、プロット点7については(シフト量0.5V)、0.6V、プロット点6については(シフト量0.2V)、0.24V、プロット点3〜5(シフト量0.05V以下)については、0.06V以下と想定される。このようにして、0.59x+y=0.9の直線に対して、窒素組成比にして±0.1の上記範囲は、シフト量が1.2ΔV以下をとると想定される範囲として決定された。したがって、0.8≦0.59x+y≦1.0、且つ、0.8≦y/x≦10の範囲では、しきい値電圧のシフト量が0.6V以下となる。
MISHFET100は、Siからなる基板101と、基板101上にAlNからなるバッファ層102を介して位置するノンドープのGaNからなる第1キャリア走行層103を有している。
まず、Siからなる基板101上に、AlNからなるバッファ層102をMOCVD法によって形成する。そして、バッファ層102上にノンドープGaNからなる第1キャリア走行層103をMOCVD法によって形成する(図6(a))。キャリアガスには水素と窒素、窒素源にはアンモニア、Ga源にはTMG(トリメチルガリウム)、Al源にはTMA(トリメチルアルミニウム)、を用いる。
次に、ゲート絶縁膜11の成膜が完了した後に、ゲート絶縁膜11の表面が露出した状態で、窒素雰囲気において、400℃、30分、熱処理を行った。望ましい温度範囲及び時間範囲は実施例1と同じである。
n+ 層4に接続するようにソース電極5を形成した後、p型層3接続するようにボディ電極55を形成し、コンタクト抵抗低減のための熱処理を行う。熱処理に関しては別々に行ってもよい、すなわち、ソース電極5を形成した後にソース電極5のための熱処理を行い、その後にボディ電極55を形成しボディ電極55のための熱処理を行ってもよいし、その逆で形成しても良い。その後、ゲート電極7を形成する。最後にn型GaN基板上1の裏面にドレイン電極6を形成し、コンタクト抵抗低減のための熱処理を行う。
図7及び図8の実施例3の縦型MISトランジスタのゲート絶縁膜9の望ましい酸素組成比xと窒素組成比y、窒素酸素比y/xの望ましい範囲は、実施例1及び実施例2で記載した範囲が適用でき、その場合に、しきい値電圧のシフト量ΔVを、実施例1で記載したように、それらの範囲に応じて0.5V、0.2V、0.05V以下に抑制することができる。
ゲート絶縁膜8には、SiO2 の他、SiN、SiON、Al2 O3 を用いることができる。その他、ゲート絶縁膜8として、半導体層側からAl2 O3 とSiO2 との2重層、AlONとSiNの2重層、その他の層の3層以上としても良い。
また、実施例3では、縦型トレンチMISトランジスタとしたが、本発明は、縦型のプレーナMISFETとすることができる。また、本願発明は、横型のMISFET、MISMISHFET、IGBTなど、絶縁ゲート構造を有する半導体装置であれば、全ての半導体装置に適用可能である。
上記全実施例で用いられるゲート絶縁膜の組成の深さ方向の元素分布を分析した。ZrOx Ny の深さの位置に関する組成分析は、上記したように、RBSと、XPSとの組み合わせにより求めた。手順としては標準資料をRBSで測定し、求めた平均組成値を用いてXPSにおけるZr、O、Nの定量用感度係数を算出した。成膜条件を変更したサンプルについてXPSで測定し、組成を求めた。
上記実施例では、ゲート絶縁膜における酸素組成比xの高い表面層は、熱処理によりに形成されているので、表面層はゲート絶縁膜と一体的に成膜された層である。しかし、ゲト絶縁膜を形成するとき、表面層において、酸素ガス流量をステップ的に増加、又は漸増させることで、形成しても良い。この場合には、同一のスパッタ装置内において連続して形成される。このようにしても、ゲートリーク電流を低減させることができる。また、
11:ゲート絶縁膜
12:ゲート電極
100:MISHFET
101:基板
102:バッファ層
103:第1キャリア走行層
104:第2キャリア走行層
105:キャリア供給層
106:ソース電極
107:ドレイン電極
108:絶縁膜
109:ゲート電極
Claims (15)
- 半導体層上にZrOx Ny からなるゲート絶縁膜を有し、前記ゲート絶縁膜上にゲート電極を有したゲート印加電圧が5V以上のMIS型半導体装置において、
前記ゲート絶縁膜の酸素組成比x、窒素組成比yは、x>0、y>0、0.8≦y/x≦10、且つ、0.8≦0.59x+y≦1.0、且つ、0.2≦x<0.5を満たす、
ことを特徴とするMIS型半導体装置。 - 半導体層上にZrOx Ny からなるゲート絶縁膜を有し、前記ゲート絶縁膜上にゲート電極を有したゲート印加電圧が5V以上のMIS型半導体装置において、
前記ゲート絶縁膜の酸素組成比x、窒素組成比yは、x>0、y>0、0.8≦y/x≦10、且つ、0.8≦0.59x+y≦1.0を満たし、前記ゲート絶縁膜は微結晶であることを特徴とするMIS型半導体装置。 - 0.2≦x<0.5であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- 前記ゲート絶縁膜の酸素組成比x、窒素組成比yは、1≦y/x≦4を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3の何れか1項に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- 前記ゲート絶縁膜の上に、ZrOU NV から成る表面層を有し、その表面層の酸素組成比uは、前記ゲート絶縁膜の酸素組成比xに比べて大きいことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4の何れか1項に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- 前記表面層の厚さは、1nm以上であり、前記ゲート絶縁膜の厚さよりも薄いことを特徴とする請求項5に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- 前記表面層の酸素組成比uは、2以下であることを特徴とする請求項5又は請求項6に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- 前記表面層の窒素組成比vは、0≦v≦0.5を満たすことを特徴とする請求項5乃至請求項7の何れか1項に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- 前記表面層の酸素組成比u、窒素組成比vは、0.8≦v/u≦10、且つ、0.8≦0.59u+v≦1.0を満たすことを特徴とする請求項5乃至請求項8の何れか1項に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- 前記表面層は前記ゲート絶縁膜と連続して形成されていることを特徴とする請求項5乃至請求項9の何れか1項に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- 前記表面層の酸素組成比uは、厚さ方向において、前記ゲート電極側に向かうに連れて増加していることを特徴とする請求項5乃至請求項10の何れか1項に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- 前記表面層は、前記ゲート絶縁膜の成膜後の露出状態において、窒素雰囲気中でアニールすることで形成された層であることを特徴とする請求項5乃至請求項11の何れか1項に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- 前記ゲート絶縁膜と前記半導体層との間には、前記ゲート絶縁膜と異なる組成の他の絶縁膜が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項12の何れか1項に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- 前記半導体層は、III 族窒化物半導体層であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項13の何れか1項に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
- ゲート印加電圧が10V以上であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項14の何れか1項に記載のMIS型半導体装置。
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