JP6152197B1 - Ventilation device in the tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a ventilation method and a ventilation device in a tunnel which does not cause damage to the device due to blasting and has excellent ventilation efficiency. A ventilation device X includes a guide rail 7, a suction duct 10, a dust collector 5, a blast detection sensor C1, a front detection sensor C3, and a contamination concentration sensor C2 of air sucked through the suction duct. The suction duct includes a drive tube 12, a nozzle tube 11, a telescopic tube 13, and a drive tube moving mechanism 20. Prior to blasting, the drive tube is moved to the wellhead side, and when blasting is detected by the blast detection sensor, the air volume of the dust collector is increased, the drive tube is moved to the face side, and the drive tube is moved to the face side When the front detection sensor detects that there is an obstacle in front of the nozzle tube, the drive tube stops moving, and after the drive tube stops moving, the dust collector air volume based on the contamination concentration detected by the contamination concentration sensor Ventilate so that is controlled. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to that equipment be ventilated by sucking contaminated air immediately below the working face of the tunnel.

  As a ventilation method in the tunnel, there are a dilution containment method and a suction collection method. The suction collection method is a method of sucking contaminated air immediately below the face and ventilating the inside of the tunnel. In the suction collection system, a suction duct is used to suck contaminated air. In the suction collection system, in order to increase the ventilation efficiency, it is necessary to bring the tip opening of the suction duct, that is, the suction port close to the face. However, if the suction port is brought close to the face, the suction duct may be damaged due to scattering of rocks at the time of blasting. Therefore, an expansion duct (expansion tube) is used as the suction duct. The use of the telescopic duct allows the suction port to be kept away from the face when blasting and approaches the face immediately after blasting.

  On the other hand, guide rails are laid on the inner wall surface of the tunnel, such as the side wall and the ceiling. The suction duct is suspended from the guide rail. As described above, in the suction collection system, it is necessary to bring the suction port of the suction duct closer to the face. Therefore, it is preferable to lay the guide rail as close as possible to the face. However, there is a risk that the guide rail may also be damaged due to scattering of rocks at the time of blasting. Also, in the vicinity of the face, various heavy machinery such as excavators, sprayers, and erectors may come into contact with the guide rail. Therefore, the guide rail is not laid near the face surface. The tip of the guide rail is usually separated from the face by about 20 m. As a result, the suction port of the suction duct is also separated from the face by the same amount.

  Therefore, at present, a nozzle tube called an overhang nozzle or the like is attached to the distal end portion of the telescopic duct (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This nozzle tube is not suspended from the guide rail. Therefore, it can be located in front of the guide rail (face side). In a configuration in which a suction pipe is configured by attaching a nozzle pipe to the distal end portion of the telescopic duct, the distal end opening of the nozzle pipe becomes the suction port of the suction duct. Therefore, the suction port of the suction duct can be brought close to the face without laying the guide rail close to the face.

  However, in this embodiment, when the suction port is brought close to the face immediately after blasting, the nozzle tube may come into contact with various heavy machinery such as an excavator. This possibility is very small but not zero, so we must assume that possibility. Immediately after blasting, the prospects in the tunnel are extremely poor. Therefore, the work of bringing the suction port close to the face must be performed carefully. For the above reasons, it is slow to bring the suction port close to the face after blasting. If the suction port is moved closer to the face, the ventilation efficiency will be reduced accordingly.

  Further, in order to improve ventilation efficiency, the air volume of the suction duct is adjusted based on the contamination concentration near the face. Therefore, a contamination concentration sensor is installed near the face. However, this contamination concentration sensor may also be damaged due to scattering of rocks at the time of blasting.

JP2013-117364A

The main object of the present invention is to provide is to fear that device by blasting damage without, yet provides a ventilation device in the tunnel with excellent ventilation efficiency.

  Means for solving this problem are as follows.

(Aspect of Claim 1 )
A guide rail laid on the inner wall surface of the tunnel,
A drive tube suspended on the guide rail, a nozzle tube connected to the face side of the drive tube, an extendable tube connected to the wellhead side of the drive tube, and a movement for moving the drive tube along the guide rail A suction duct having a mechanism;
A dust collector connected to the suction duct;
A blast detection sensor that detects blasting;
A front detection sensor that detects whether an obstacle exists in front of the nozzle tube;
A contamination concentration sensor for detecting a contamination concentration of air sucked through the suction duct;
Have
Prior to the blasting, the drive pipe is moved to the wellhead side,
When blasting is detected by the blast detection sensor, the air volume of the dust collector is increased, and the drive pipe is moved to the face side,
When the drive tube is moved to the face side, if the front detection sensor detects that an obstacle exists in front of the nozzle tube, the movement of the drive tube is stopped,
After the movement of the drive tube is stopped, the air volume of the dust collector is controlled based on the contamination concentration detected by the contamination concentration sensor.
Configured as
Ventilation device in the tunnel characterized by that.

(Aspect of Claim 2 )
The contamination concentration sensor is disposed around the rear end of the suction duct;
A bleeder for bleeding and sending the air in the suction duct to the contamination concentration sensor is provided.
The ventilation apparatus in a tunnel of Claim 1 .

(Aspect according to claim 3 )
The dust collector is provided with a control panel for controlling the air volume in the suction duct and the movement of the drive pipe,
The control panel is equipped with the blast detection sensor,
The ventilation apparatus in the tunnel of Claim 1 or Claim 2 .

(Aspect according to claim 4 )
The distance from the face to the blast detection sensor is 50 to 150 m,
The blast detection sensor is a sensor that detects at least one of a sound wave of 120 dB or more, a shock wave of 2 G or more, and an atmospheric pressure of 1 kPa or more.
The ventilation apparatus in a tunnel of Claim 3 .

(Aspect according to claim 5 )
The nozzle tube has a length of 5 to 10 m,
The front detection sensor is provided in the drive pipe, and detects an obstacle in front of 10 to 30 m from the installation position.
Ventilator in the tunnel according to any one of claims 1-4.

(Aspect of claim 6 )
A stopper is provided at the tip of the guide rail,
A limit switch is provided on the drive tube,
When the drive tube is moved to the face side, if the limit switch hits the stopper, the drive tube is configured to stop moving.
Ventilator in the tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

According to the present invention, there is no possibility of damaging the device due to blasting, and the ventilation device in the tunnel is excellent in ventilation efficiency.

It is a side view of the dust collector of this form. It is a flowchart of the dust collection method of this form.

  Next, the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated. Note that this embodiment is an example of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope of this embodiment.

(Ventilation device in the tunnel)
FIG. 1 shows a ventilator X of this embodiment. The ventilation device X of the present embodiment is a suction-collecting device that sucks the contaminated air A directly under the face and ventilates the inside of the tunnel T. The contaminated air A includes dust, toxic gas, and the like generated when the face is excavated and blasted.

  In the ventilator X of this embodiment, the guide rail 7 is laid on the ceiling Tx that is the inner wall surface of the tunnel T. The guide rail 7 is disposed along the axial direction of the tunnel T. The guide rail 7 is suspended by a plurality of suspension tools (anchors) 8. The plurality of suspenders 8 are fixed to the ceiling Tx at an appropriate interval in the axial direction of the tunnel T. The guide rail 7 is formed of, for example, H-shaped steel or I-shaped steel. When the guide rail 7 is formed of H-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, or the like, repair, replacement, etc. when the guide rail 7 is damaged can be performed easily and inexpensively.

  In the tunnel T, the dust collector 5 is loaded (mounted) on the truck 6 and carried in. The carried-in dust collector 5 is used while being loaded on the truck 6. The dust collector 5 is arranged so that the suction port faces the face side of the tunnel T and the exhaust port 5a faces the well port side of the tunnel T.

  A suction duct (wind pipe) 10 is connected to the suction port of the dust collector 5. The suction duct 10 is cylindrical. The suction duct 10 is formed by connecting a connecting pipe 15, a fixed long pipe 14, a telescopic pipe 13, a driving pipe 12, and a nozzle pipe 11 in order from the dust collector 5 side.

  The connection pipe 15 is a duct for connecting the suction port of the dust collector 5 located on the bottom surface Tz side of the tunnel T and the fixed long pipe 14 located on the ceiling Tx side of the tunnel T. The connecting pipe 15 may or may not expand and contract in the axial direction. The connecting pipe 15 in the illustrated example expands and contracts in the axial direction. The connecting pipe 15 can be omitted if possible.

  The fixed long tube 14 is a fixed length duct that does not expand and contract in the front-rear direction. The fixed long tube 14 is suspended from the guide rail 7. The fixed long tube 14 moves along the guide rail 7. The fixed long tube 14 can be omitted. When the fixed long tube 14 is omitted, the connection tube 15 and the expansion tube 13 are directly connected.

  The expansion tube 13 is an expansion / contraction duct that can expand and contract in the front-rear direction (axial direction). The telescopic tube 13 is suspended from the guide rail 7 as necessary. The telescopic tube 13 in the illustrated example is not suspended on the guide rail 7. The telescopic tube 13 is connected to the wellhead side of the drive tube 12. The telescopic tube 13 expands and contracts as the distance between the fixed long tube 14 and the drive tube 12 changes.

  The drive tube 12 is a fixed-length duct that does not expand and contract in the front-rear direction. The drive tube 12 is suspended from the guide rail 7. The drive tube 12 moves along the guide rail 7. When the drive tube 12 moves, the expandable tube 13 expands and contracts as described above, and the nozzle tube 11 moves back and forth.

  The drive tube 12 is moved by the moving mechanism 20. The moving mechanism 20 is attached to the upper end portion of the drive tube 12. As the moving mechanism 20, it is preferable to adopt the same moving mechanism as disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above.

The nozzle tube 11 is a fixed-length duct that does not expand and contract in the front-rear direction. The nozzle tube 11 is connected to the face side of the drive tube 12. The tip opening 11 a of the nozzle tube 11 serves as a suction port for the suction duct 10. The nozzle tube 11 is not suspended from the guide rail 7. Therefore, the nozzle tube 11 can be positioned closer to the face than the front end portion 7a of the guide rail 7, that is, overhang.

  The nozzle tube 11 is preferably formed of a polycarbonate sheet or a prada sheet. The polycarbonate sheet is light in material and the pladan sheet is structurally lightweight, and both have sufficient strength. In addition, as a raw material of a Pradan sheet, a polypropylene, a polycarbonate, etc. can be illustrated, for example.

  The dust collector 5 is provided with a control panel for controlling the flow rate (air volume) of the air passing through the suction duct 10 and the movement of the drive pipe 12. The control panel is provided with a blast detection sensor C1. The control panel of the dust collector 5 is disposed behind the suction duct 10. Therefore, when the blast detection sensor C1 is provided in the control panel of the dust collector 5, there is no possibility that the blast detection sensor C1 is damaged due to scattering of rocks at the time of blasting.

  Preferably, the distance from the face to the blast detection sensor C1 is 50 to 150 m, and the blast detection sensor C1 has a sound wave of 120 dB or more (preferably 130 dB), a shock wave of 2 G or more (preferably 3 G), and 1 kPa or more ( Preferably, the sensor detects at least one of the pressures of 3 kPa). If the distance from the face to the blast detection sensor C1 is 50 m or more, there is no possibility that the blast detection sensor C1 is damaged due to scattering of rocks at the time of blasting. In addition, if the blast detection sensor C1 is a sensor using the above-described sound wave, shock wave, or atmospheric pressure, the blast detection is surely detected even if the distance from the face to the blast detection sensor C1 is as far as the above range. Can do.

  The ventilation device X includes a contamination concentration sensor C2 that measures the contamination concentration of air sucked through the suction duct 10. In this regard, the conventional contamination concentration sensor is installed near the face and measures the contamination concentration near the face. However, in the ventilation device X of the present embodiment, after blasting, the suction port 11a of the suction duct 10 (nozzle tube 11) can be quickly brought close to the face. Therefore, in the ventilator X of this embodiment, the contamination concentration of the air sucked through the suction duct 10 is measured, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the contamination concentration.

  Preferably, the contamination concentration sensor C2 is disposed around the rear end portion of the suction duct 10, and an extraction means Cf for extracting and sending the air in the suction duct 10 to the contamination concentration sensor C2 is provided. If the contamination concentration sensor C2 is arranged around the rear end portion of the suction duct 10, there is no possibility that the contamination concentration sensor C2 is damaged due to rock scattering or the like at the time of blasting. Further, if the contamination concentration sensor C2 is provided with the extraction means Cf for extracting and sending the air in the suction duct 10, the suction of the air through the suction duct 10 is not affected.

  The ventilation device X includes a front detection sensor C3 that detects whether an obstacle exists in front of the nozzle tube 11. When the forward detection sensor C3 is provided, the face can be detected when the drive tube 12 is moved to the face side, and thereafter, the approach of various heavy machinery can be detected. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the nozzle tube 11 from being damaged by the contact of the face and various heavy machinery. As a result, the movement of the drive tube 12 to the face side can be further accelerated and can be automated. As the forward detection sensor C3, a sensor or the like that has been used in recent years for the purpose of preventing the collision of an automobile can be used.

  Preferably, the length of the nozzle tube 11 is 5 to 10 m, and the front detection sensor C3 is provided in the drive tube 12, and is configured to detect an obstacle 10 to 30 m ahead from the installation position. If the front detection sensor C3 is provided in the drive tube 12, the movement of the front detection sensor C3 is stabilized, and a failure of the front detection sensor C3 caused by vibration can be avoided as much as possible. Moreover, the drive tube 12 moves to the face side at a speed of 15 to 20 m / min after blasting. Therefore, in the case where the length of the nozzle tube 11 is 5 to 10 m, if the front detection sensor C3 is configured to detect an obstacle 10 to 30 m ahead from the installation position, the nozzle tube 11 is positioned in front of the nozzle tube 11. The existing face can be detected sufficiently.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the front detection sensor C3 is provided in the drive tube 12. However, the front detection sensor C3 may be provided on the nozzle tube 11, preferably at the tip of the nozzle tube 11. In this embodiment, since the nozzle tube 11 is prevented from being damaged as much as possible, even if the front detection sensor C3 is provided in the nozzle tube 11, the front detection sensor C3 is damaged by contact with a heavy machine or the like. There is no fear of it.

  In the ventilation device X, a stopper 12 x is provided at the tip 7 a of the guide rail 7. Further, the drive tube 12 is provided with a limit switch 12y. And when the drive pipe | tube 12 is moved to the face side, if the limit switch 12y hits the stopper 12x, the movement of the drive pipe | tube 12 will be stopped. According to this configuration, there is no possibility that the drive tube 12 falls off the guide rail 7.

(Ventilation method in the tunnel)
Next, a method for ventilating the inside of the tunnel T using the above ventilation device X will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the ventilation method of the present embodiment, first, the above-described ventilation device X is installed in the tunnel T (installation S1 of the ventilation device). In the vicinity of the face, with the ventilation device X installed, various operations such as support construction, concrete spraying, rock bolting, drilling, charge, blasting, shearing, etc. are performed sequentially. Is called.

  In the ventilation method of the present embodiment, the operation of the dust collector 5 is stopped before the blasting, preferably immediately before the blasting (for example, 1 to 10 minutes before) among the various operations described above (stopping the dust collector S2). At the same time or slightly before and after this, the drive pipe 12 is moved to the wellhead side (retraction S3 of the drive pipe).

  The drive tube retraction S3 is stopped when the drive tube 12 reaches a predetermined position (stop of the drive tube). The stop of the drive tube is realized, for example, by providing a limit switch, various sensors, etc. on the drive tube 12, the guide rail 7, etc., and when these devices react, the drive tube retreat S3 is automatically stopped. It is preferable.

  Blasting is performed with the drive tube 12 stopped (blasting S4). This blasting S4 is detected by the blasting detection sensor C1.

  When the blast detection sensor C1 detects the blast S4, the air volume of the dust collector 5 is increased, usually maximized (increase S5). At the same time or slightly back and forth, the drive tube 12 is moved to the face side (drive tube advance S6). The advance S6 of the drive tube can be performed at a speed of 15 to 20 m / min, for example.

  The forward advance S6 of the drive tube is stopped when the forward detection sensor C3 detects an obstacle in front of the nozzle tube 11 (stop of the drive tube S7). The obstacle in front of the nozzle tube 11 is usually a face. However, there is a possibility that the obstacle is various heavy machinery, and in this case, the drive tube 12 is also stopped. Therefore, in this embodiment, the drive tube 12 can be rapidly advanced regardless of the field of view or the like in the tunnel T.

  As described above, in the ventilation method of the present embodiment, when the front detection sensor C3 detects the face, the drive pipe advance S6 is stopped, so there is no possibility that the nozzle pipe 11 collides with the face and the drive pipe 12 is guided. There is no risk of falling off the rail 7. However, in the ventilation method of the present embodiment, when the limit switch 12y attached to the drive tube 12 further hits the stopper 12x attached to the distal end portion 7a of the guide rail 7 (when contacted), the drive tube advances S6. Is stopped (drive tube stop S7). According to this embodiment, there is no possibility that the drive tube 12 will fall off the guide rail 7 even when the face has advanced more than expected due to blasting.

  Further, in the ventilation method of the present embodiment, when the forward detection sensor C3 detects an obstacle after the advance S6 of the drive tube stops (stop S7 of the drive tube), the drive tube 12 moves to the wellhead side (the drive tube Designed to reverse S8). According to this embodiment, when various heavy machinery approaches the nozzle pipe 11 during various operations using the heavy machinery after blasting, the various heavy machinery is recognized as an obstacle, and the drive tube 12 moves backward. Therefore, it is possible to prevent various heavy machinery from coming into contact with the nozzle tube 11 and damaging the nozzle tube 11. Note that the drive tube retraction S8 is performed, for example, for 10 to 20 seconds or 4 to 10 m.

  Further, in the ventilation method of the present embodiment, after the forward movement of the drive tube 12 is stopped (drive tube stop S7), the contamination concentration of the air sucked through the suction duct 10 is detected by the contamination concentration sensor C2. Then, the air volume of the dust collector 5 is controlled based on the detected contamination concentration (air volume control S9). In the ventilation method of this embodiment, the drive pipe 12 quickly moves to the face after blasting, so the contamination concentration of air sucked through the suction duct 10 is close to the contamination concentration of the air near the face (contaminated air A). To do. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the air volume of the dust collector 5 can be appropriately controlled.

  Control of the above drive tube 12 and the dust collector 5 can also be performed manually. However, it is more preferable to incorporate an automatic control program in the ventilation device X so that the ventilation is automatically performed.

The present invention can be utilized as equipment you ventilated by sucking contaminated air immediately below the working face of the tunnel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Dust collector 5a Dust collector exhaust port 6 Truck 7 Guide rail 7a Guide rail tip 8 Lifting tool (anchor)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Suction duct 11 Nozzle pipe 11a Suction port of nozzle pipe (suction duct) 12 Drive pipe 12x Stopper 12y Limit switch 13 Telescopic pipe 14 Fixed long pipe 15 Connection pipe 20 Moving mechanism A Contaminated air C1 Blast detection sensor C2 Contamination concentration sensor C3 Front Detection sensor Cf Extraction means S1 Installation of ventilator S2 Dust collector stop S3 Drive pipe retraction S4 Blasting S5 Air volume increase S6 Drive pipe advance S7 Drive pipe stop S8 Drive pipe retraction S9 Air volume control T Tunnel Tx Tunnel ceiling Tz Bottom of tunnel X Ventilation device in tunnel

Claims (6)

A guide rail laid on the inner wall surface of the tunnel,
A drive tube suspended on the guide rail, a nozzle tube connected to the face side of the drive tube, an extendable tube connected to the wellhead side of the drive tube, and a movement for moving the drive tube along the guide rail A suction duct having a mechanism;
A dust collector connected to the suction duct;
A blast detection sensor that detects blasting;
A front detection sensor that detects whether an obstacle exists in front of the nozzle tube;
A contamination concentration sensor for detecting a contamination concentration of air sucked through the suction duct;
Have
Prior to the blasting, the drive pipe is moved to the wellhead side,
When blasting is detected by the blast detection sensor, the air volume of the dust collector is increased, and the drive pipe is moved to the face side,
When the drive tube is moved to the face side, if the front detection sensor detects that an obstacle exists in front of the nozzle tube, the movement of the drive tube is stopped,
After the movement of the drive tube is stopped, the air volume of the dust collector is controlled based on the contamination concentration detected by the contamination concentration sensor.
Configured as
Ventilation device in the tunnel characterized by that. The contamination concentration sensor is disposed around the rear end of the suction duct;
A bleeder for bleeding and sending the air in the suction duct to the contamination concentration sensor is provided.
The ventilation apparatus in a tunnel of Claim 1 . The dust collector is provided with a control panel for controlling the air volume in the suction duct and the movement of the drive pipe,
The control panel is equipped with the blast detection sensor,
The ventilation apparatus in the tunnel of Claim 1 or Claim 2 . The distance from the face to the blast detection sensor is 50 to 150 m,
The blast detection sensor is a sensor that detects at least one of a sound wave of 120 dB or more, a shock wave of 2 G or more, and an atmospheric pressure of 1 kPa or more.
The ventilation apparatus in a tunnel of Claim 3 . The nozzle tube has a length of 5 to 10 m,
The front detection sensor is provided in the drive pipe, and detects an obstacle in front of 10 to 30 m from the installation position.
Ventilator in the tunnel according to any one of claims 1-4. A stopper is provided at the tip of the guide rail,
A limit switch is provided on the drive tube,
When the drive tube is moved to the face side, if the limit switch hits the stopper, the drive tube is configured to stop moving.
Ventilator in the tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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