JP6000259B2 - 止血障害治療用第ii因子およびフィブリノーゲン - Google Patents
止血障害治療用第ii因子およびフィブリノーゲン Download PDFInfo
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- JP6000259B2 JP6000259B2 JP2013532104A JP2013532104A JP6000259B2 JP 6000259 B2 JP6000259 B2 JP 6000259B2 JP 2013532104 A JP2013532104 A JP 2013532104A JP 2013532104 A JP2013532104 A JP 2013532104A JP 6000259 B2 JP6000259 B2 JP 6000259B2
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- fibrinogen
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- clotting
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Description
方法
外科的準備および測定:研究は、50匹の健康な豚を使用して行った。これらの動物にアザペロン(4mg kg−1IM、神経遮断薬、Stresnil(商標)、Janssen、Vienna、Austria)およびアトロピン(0.1mg kg−1IM)による麻酔前投薬を研究開始の1時間前に行った。プロポフォール(1〜2mg・kg−1IV)により麻酔を導入し、維持した。鎮痛用にピリトラミドを注射した(30mg、半減期が約4〜8時間のオピオイド、Dipidolor(商標)、Janssen社、Vienna、Austria)。気管内麻酔後に、筋弛緩用として0.2mg kg−1・hr−1のパンクロニウムを注射した。挿管後、血液試料の採取のために7.5フレンチカテーテルを大腿動脈に挿入し、血圧を連続測定した。血液抜き取り、コロイドおよび晶質の投与、並びに試験薬剤の投与用に、2本の7.5フレンチカテーテルを両大腿静脈に挿入した。Swan−Ganzカテーテルを右頸静脈に挿入した。
平均体重が36.98kg(±4.23)、4〜5月齢の50匹の豚を調べた。ベースラインでは、血行力学的または凝固パラメータ、血小板または赤血球細胞の数に関して、群間で統計的に有意な差は検知されなかった。全ての凝固試験の結果は、正常な範囲内であった。Velik−Salchnerら“Thromb Res” 2006年,117:597−602。
上で示したように、フィブリノーゲンと組み合わせたPCCまたはrhFIIの投与は、生理食塩水またはフィブリノーゲン単独の場合と比べて、正常血液量性血液希釈および肝臓傷害後の失血に顕著な減少をもたらした。フィブリノーゲンと組み合わせたPCCまたはrhFIIの投与はまた、肝臓傷害後の動物の生存期間を顕著に延長させた。凝固時間は、コントロールに比べてフィブリノーゲンと組み合わせたrFIIの投与により顕著に短縮され、最大血餅硬度もまたフィブリノーゲンと組み合わせたrhFIIの治療で顕著に増大した。これらの結果は、rhFIIの投与(この場合、フィブリノーゲンと組み合わせて)が、正常な止血の回復、失血の防止、および死亡率の低下に十分に有効な治療法であることを示すものである。出血障害および失血の治療でrhFIIを使用することは、したがって有効であり、複数の凝固因子の組み合わせを投与することに伴って起こり得る、重症になる可能性がある血栓閉塞症の合併症を避けることができよう。
方法
麻酔と止血の維持:筋肉内注射により豚にDormicum(2mg/kg)およびKetaminol(10mg/kg)を麻酔前投薬した。約20分後、麻酔薬およびリンゲル液の投与に使用するために、ポリエチレンカテーテル(Venflon1.0×32mm、Becton Dickinson社、Helsingborg、Sweden)を耳の静脈に挿入した。挿管を可能にするため、初めに、豚に、ペントバルビタールナトリウム(Apoteksbolaget社、Umea、Sweden)を静脈内注射で急速投与量(15mg/kg)与え、麻酔した。実験の間、麻酔は維持し、準備中、1.8%イソフルラン(Isoba(登録商標)vet、Schering−Plough社、Denmark)を補充したペントバルビタール(10〜15mg/kg/h)を引き続き注入した。豚に10%O2が供給される室内空気で人工呼吸(Servo Ventilator 900C,Siemens Elema社、Solna、Sweden)した。呼吸数は15回/分の一定値に維持し、呼気体積を調節して呼気終末CO2を約5.5kPaに維持した。1.5mL/kg/hのリンゲル液(Fresenius Kabi AS社、Halden、Norway)を連続的に与え、補液を行った。動物を覆い、かつ外部から加熱することにより、実験の間、体温を36〜39℃に維持した。実験終了時、動物に致死量のペントバルビタール(>150mg/kg)を注入した。
ROTEM:実験を通して、連続した血液試料を得、回転式トロンボエラストメトリー(ROTEM(登録商標)、Pentapharm GmbH社、Munich、Germany)の標準凝固試験(EXTEM(登録商標)、INTEM(登録商標)、Pentapharm GmbH社、Munich、Germany)を使用して、血餅の弾力性発達に関する止血システムの能力を評価した。商業的に入手可能な溶液と類似の濃度を有する、自社製の塩化カルシウム溶液以外は、商業的に入手可能な試薬を使用した。製造業者からの使用説明書に従った。この研究では、凝固時間(CT)、血餅形成時間(CFT)および最大血餅硬度(MCF)を評価した。
トロンビン−抗トロンビン複合体(TAT):サンドイッチ酵素免疫測定法(Enzygnost(登録商標)TAT micro、Dade Behring GmbH社、Marburg、Germany)を使用して、TATの血漿中濃度を測定した。製造業者の説明書に従った。>90μg/mLの濃度が得られたときは、試料を希釈緩衝液中に加えて10倍に希釈して分析した。血漿試料中に血餅が観察されれば、それらについてはTATの分析を行わなかった。
データ解析:自社製のソフトウェア(PharmLab V6.0、AstraZeneca R&D Moelndal社)を使用して、平均動脈圧、中心静脈圧および心拍数データを収集した。結果を、全血凝固時間およびTAT濃度の結果を除いて、平均値±平均値の標準誤差(SEM)とともに記述統計として示す。これらの結果を、これらのデータ中の異常値が平均値に誤解を与えるような影響を及ぼすため、中央値として示す。「実験終了」と称する各実験における最後の血液試料を、大部分の動物で実験中の異なる時点で生じる死の前に採取する。
上述のように、rhFIIの単独投与は、生理食塩水または他の治療薬と比べて、正常血液量性血液希釈および肝臓傷害後の失血を顕著に減少させる。トロンボグラム分析によれば、遅れ時間の増大がrhFII単独で約50%、ピーク値の増加がrhFII単独で100%、そしてETP値の増加がrhFII単独でほぼ200%であることがわかった。これらの結果は、さらに、rhFII単独投与が、正常化した止血の回復、失血の防止、および生存期間の増加に十分有効な治療法であることを示すものである。
Claims (17)
- 哺乳動物における希釈性凝固障害に関連する止血障害を正常化するための医薬であって、(1)FII、(2)FIIおよびFVIIaの組み合わせ、(3)フィブリノーゲンとFIIおよびFVIIaの組み合わせ、並びに(4)フィブリノーゲンとFIIからなる群から選択される凝固因子治療薬を含み、ここで、FIIは、1〜10mg/kgの用量で投与され、フィブリノーゲンは、12.5〜200mg/kgの用量で投与され、該医薬は、凝固因子FV〜FXIIIのうちの上記以外の凝固因子を含まない、医薬。
- 希釈性凝固障害に関連する止血障害を有する哺乳動物の最大血餅硬度(MCF)を増大させるための医薬であって、(1)FII、(2)FIIおよびFVIIaの組み合わせ、(3)フィブリノーゲンとFIIおよびFVIIaの組み合わせ、並びに(4)フィブリノーゲンとFIIからなる群から選択される凝固因子治療薬を含み、ここで、FIIは、1〜10mg/kgの用量で投与され、フィブリノーゲンは、12.5〜200mg/kgの用量で投与され、該医薬は、凝固因子FV〜FXIIIのうちの上記以外の凝固因子を含まない、医薬。
- 希釈性凝固障害に関連する止血障害を有する哺乳動物の凝固時間(CT)を短縮させるための医薬であって、(1)FII、(2)FIIおよびFVIIaの組み合わせ、(3)フィブリノーゲンとFIIおよびFVIIaの組み合わせ、並びに(4)フィブリノーゲンとFIIからなる群から選択される凝固因子治療薬を含み、ここで、FIIは、1〜10mg/kgの用量で投与され、フィブリノーゲンは、12.5〜200mg/kgの用量で投与され、該医薬は、凝固因子FV〜FXIIIのうちの上記以外の凝固因子を含まない、医薬。
- 希釈性凝固障害に関連する止血障害を有する哺乳動物のトロンビン生成を改善するための医薬であって、(1)FII、(2)FIIおよびFVIIaの組み合わせ、(3)フィブリノーゲンとFIIおよびFVIIaの組み合わせ、並びに(4)フィブリノーゲンとFIIからなる群から選択される凝固因子治療薬を含み、ここで、FIIは、1〜10mg/kgの用量で投与され、フィブリノーゲンは、12.5〜200mg/kgの用量で投与され、該医薬は、凝固因子FV〜FXIIIのうちの上記以外の凝固因子を含まない、医薬。
- 前記希釈性凝固障害が、周術期出血、術後出血または分娩後出血と関係している、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 前記FIIが組換えヒトFII(rhFII)である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 前記FVIIaが組換えヒトFVIIa(rhVIIa)である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 治療を必要としている前記哺乳動物が、2g/L未満、1g/L未満または0.5g/L未満の血中フィブリノーゲン濃度レベルを有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 治療を必要としている前記哺乳動物が、200mg/dL未満、150mg/dL未満、100mg/dL未満または50mg/dL未満の血中フィブリノーゲン濃度レベルを有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 前記止血障害が、哺乳動物の推定全血液体積の30%を超える、40%を超える、50%を超える、60%を超える、70%を超える、80%を超えるまたは85%を超える失血と関係している、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 希釈性凝固障害が、正常血液量または血行力学的安定性の回復に起因する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 血中フィブリノーゲン濃度を0.5g/Lよりも上昇、1g/Lよりも上昇、1.5g/Lよりも上昇または2mg/Lよりも上昇させるのに十分な量のフィブリノーゲンが投与される、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 前記凝固因子治療薬が、凝固時間を40秒〜60秒短縮する用量で投与される、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 前記凝固因子治療薬が、最大血餅硬度を10mm〜30mmに増大させる用量で投与される、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 前記凝固因子治療薬の投与により、投与後少なくとも2時間、正常化された凝固が維持される、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- FIIとFVIIaが少なくとも1:90の比で該医薬に含まれる、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 前記凝固因子治療薬が、(1)FIIまたは(2)フィブリノーゲンとFIIである、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
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IL230150A0 (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-09-30 | Omrix Biopharmaceuticals Ltd | One-component fibrin glue containing zymogens |
KR102658958B1 (ko) * | 2017-02-09 | 2024-04-22 | 체에스엘 베링 게엠베하 | 출혈의 치료 또는 예방에 사용하기 위한 혈액 응고 인자 대체품 |
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