JP6042734B2 - Fire extinguisher - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing apparatus that is provided in a power storage device that houses a plurality of lithium ion batteries and extinguishes fire.

In recent years, hybrid vehicles equipped with engines and motors are rapidly increasing in addition to vehicles powered by engines powered by gasoline or light oil. This is due to the increase in demand for fuel-efficient vehicles due to the rise in crude oil prices and the increase in demand for hybrid vehicles with low CO ₂ emissions due to the increased awareness of reducing environmental impact. Furthermore, in addition to such hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles that use only electric motors as the power source and have zero CO ₂ emissions during travel are gradually becoming popular.

  A high-voltage and large-capacity power storage device in which a plurality of single cells are arranged and connected in series and in parallel is mounted on the body of a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle (hereinafter collectively referred to as an “electric vehicle”). The power storage device is composed of an assembled battery in which a plurality of unit cells called cells are connected, and is housed in a sealed container. In addition, the unit cell mounted in the power storage device has shifted from a conventional nickel-hydrogen battery to a lithium ion battery that can be charged even in a general home, and it is expected that the unit cell will have higher performance in the future.

  Also, in the field of aircraft, an aircraft equipped with a power storage device using a lithium ion battery that is small in size and has a large capacity and contributes to weight reduction has been put into practical use and has started operation.

  Furthermore, in recent years, power storage devices using stationary lithium ion batteries for general homes, offices, public facilities, etc. are also rapidly spreading. By using lithium ion batteries, several hundred Wh to 2-3 kWh A small power storage device that can be easily installed and used in a building having a certain level of power storage capacity has been realized.

  A stationary power storage device is connected to an outlet of a commercial AC system drawn into a building, etc., and converts AC power input to DC power to store it, and is used in daily life such as electronic equipment such as TVs and personal computers, and lighting equipment. By connecting loads of high importance in life, so-called important loads, the stored AC power is converted into AC power and output as needed, not only during a commercial AC power outage To make it work.

Also, the DC power stored in the power storage device during the daytime power peak time when the power consumption is maximized is stored in the midnight time when the electricity bill is reduced, and the AC power from the commercial AC system is stored. Is converted into AC power and supplied to the load, reducing the power consumption from the commercial AC system and making it possible to save power and use economical power.

JP 2012-129209 A JP 2011-254906 A JP 2009-064809 A JP 2011-0447703 A

  However, in such a power storage device using a lithium ion battery, a plurality of lithium ion batteries are connected to realize a high capacity at a high voltage. If a thermal runaway occurs due to the cause of the battery, the battery temperature will rise significantly, the internal pressure of the battery will rise, and as a result, the lithium ion battery may burst or ignite, which may cause an electrical fire with the power storage device as the source of fire. is there.

  If a fire occurs due to an abnormality in one of the multiple lithium-ion batteries stored in the power storage device, the power storage device stores the lithium-ion battery in a robust sealed container. The ion battery cannot be extinguished directly, and the fire inside the sealed container cannot be extinguished unless the container is destroyed by the heat of the fire and the fire reaches the outside.

  However, in the past, fire extinguishing devices and equipment that suppress fire extinguishing in response to a fire that occurred outside a sealed container against an electric fire when an electricity storage device containing a lithium ion battery is installed in an automobile, aircraft, or building Although various proposals have been made and put into practical use, a fire extinguishing device and a fire extinguishing equipment effective for suppressing fire extinguishing directly in response to a fire of a lithium ion battery occurring in a sealed container have not been realized.

  In addition, when an electrical fire of a power storage device occurs, the fire extinguishing activity by the conventional water-based fire extinguishing equipment has a high risk of inducing a secondary disaster such as an electric shock accident as well as extinguishing or suppressing the fire.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing apparatus that can directly suppress fire extinguishing due to abnormality of a lithium ion battery occurring in a container of a power storage device and prevent expansion to the outside. To do.

(Fire extinguishing system using ignition powder and solid fire extinguisher as combustion pressure source)
The present invention provides a fire extinguishing apparatus for extinguishing fire by providing a plurality of lithium ion batteries in a power storage device arranged and stored in a battery storage section in a storage container.
A container filled with powder extinguishing agent;
A fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe for opening one end inside the container and opening the other end to the outside of the container, and discharging the powder fire extinguisher filled in the container to the outside;
A sealing member which is disposed in the internal opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe and is torn by pressurization of the powder extinguishing agent;
A head part that is attached to the external opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe and discharges the powder fire extinguishing agent to the battery housing part,
Combustion with a solid extinguisher placed inside the container and containing an explosive for ignition, pressurizing the powder extinguisher with blast and fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the explosion of the ignition explosive and the accompanying solid extinguishing agent A pressure unit;
When a fire associated with an abnormality in a lithium-ion battery is detected, the gunpowder is ignited to burn the solid fire extinguisher, and the powder extinguisher is pressurized with the blast and the fire extinguishing aerosol that are generated. A fire extinguishing control unit that discharges the powder fire extinguishing agent from the head unit to the battery storage unit via
It is provided with.

(Combustion pressurization part)
The combustion pressurizing part
And isolation area which is isolated by a partition from the dry chemical packed in a container,
Disposed isolation area, the fire extinguishing agent storage portion housing a solid extinguishing agent opened by placing the ignition powder other end with closing the one end,
A flame ejection preventing member disposed on the opening side of the extinguishing agent storage,
A cavity part formed after the flame ejection preventing member, and a blast generated by the explosion of the ignition gunpowder and a fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid extinguishing agent are discharged through the flame ejection preventing member,
A nozzle hole that is formed in the partition wall of the hollow portion, discharges the blast and the fire extinguishing aerosol discharged to the hollow portion to the filling side of the powder fire extinguisher, and pressurizes the fire extinguisher powder while stirring ;
Is provided.

(Fire extinguishing control unit)
Fire extinguishing control unit
A fire detection unit that detects a fire associated with an abnormality of a lithium ion battery;
When a fire is detected by the fire detection unit or when an ignition control signal is input from the outside, an ignition circuit unit that initiates an explosive for ignition by energizing heating of the heater;
A connector connected with a signal line between the ignition circuit part and
A plug that is detachably attached to the connector, and that connects the signal line from the fire detection unit and the signal line drawn out of the storage container to the connector;
A battery power supply for supplying power to the ignition circuit;
Is provided.

(Fire extinguishing equipment using solid fire extinguishing agent as a combustion pressure source)
In another embodiment of the present invention, in a fire extinguishing apparatus provided in a power storage device in which a plurality of lithium ion batteries are arranged and stored in a battery storage portion in a storage container,
A container filled with powder extinguishing agent;
A fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe for opening one end inside the container and opening the other end to the outside of the container, and discharging the powder fire extinguisher filled in the container to the outside;
A sealing member which is disposed in the internal opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe and is torn by pressurization of the powder extinguishing agent;
A head part that is attached to the external opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe and discharges the powder fire extinguishing agent to the battery housing part,
A combustion pressurizing unit that is disposed inside the container and pressurizes the powder fire extinguisher with a fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid fire extinguisher;
When a fire associated with an abnormality in a lithium-ion battery is detected, the powder extinguisher is pressurized by the fire extinguishing aerosol generated by burning the solid fire extinguisher, and the powder extinguisher is stored in the battery through the fire extinguisher discharge pipe. Fire extinguishing control part to be released to the part,
It is provided with.

(Same shape as the battery)
The container of the fire extinguisher has the same shape as the lithium ion battery and is disposed at an empty position in the battery storage unit.

(Arranged inside and outside the battery container)
You may arrange | position a fire extinguisher outside or the inside of the storage container of a lithium ion battery.

(Thermal sensing cable)
The fire detection unit is a heat sensing cable that lays in the storage container and brings the pair of signal wires into a short-circuited state by melting the insulation coating when receiving heat from a fire.
When the short circuit of the heat sensing cable is detected, the ignition circuit unit ignites an ignition explosive by energization heating of the heater and ignites an ignition or solid extinguisher for combustion.

  The thermal sensing cable is laid so as to cross the vicinity of all the lithium ion batteries stored and arranged in the storage container.

(Ignition circuit part)
The ignition circuit unit outputs a fire extinguishing activation signal to the outside through a connector and a plug when the ignition explosive is ignited by an energization heating of the heater to cause an explosion or when the solid fire extinguisher is ignited and burned.

(Basic effect)
The fire extinguisher of the present invention is, for example, in the same shape as a lithium ion battery, and is disposed in an empty position of a battery storage position in a storage container of a power storage device storing a plurality of lithium ion batteries. Thermal runaway due to various causes such as overcharging, battery temperature rises significantly, and as a result, when a lithium ion battery ruptures or ignites, this is detected and solidified as a result of ignition by ignition powder Storage container for power storage device by agitating and pressurizing powder fire extinguisher in fire extinguisher container by burning fire extinguisher, generating blast due to explosion of ignition explosive and subsequent generation of aerosol by burning solid extinguisher As a result, the powder fire extinguisher is directly injected into the fire of the lithium ion battery fired in the storage container of the power storage device with a sealed structure. This prevents the spread of a chain fire to other lithium-ion batteries placed in the same container, and destroys the storage container of the power storage device with the heat from the fire, expanding the fire to the outside It is possible to prevent a fire in the storage container of the power storage device even in the worst case.

(Pressurization effect by ignition powder)
In addition, as a pressurizing source for the powder extinguisher stored in the fire extinguisher, a combustion pressurizing source using an instantaneous blast caused by the explosion of the ignition explosive and the accompanying fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid extinguishing agent is used. In a normal state, the solid fire extinguisher with ignition gunpowder is isolated from the powder fire extinguisher and stored in the container. It can be used as a compact pressure source that does not require pressure resistance, and a fire is detected. In this case, a high pressure is generated in a short time by the blast generated by the ignition of the explosive for ignition, and this rapidly stirs the powder fire extinguisher in the container, and the powder fire extinguisher is ejected into the storage container of the power storage device with a strong jet force. A powder fire extinguisher is sprayed on the electrolyte solution or the flammable gas ignited by the rise in the temperature of the lithium ion battery so that the fire can be surely extinguished.

(Pressure effect by solid fire extinguishing agent)
In addition, a fire extinguishing aerosol is continuously generated by burning a solid fire extinguishing agent following a blast caused by the initiation of an ignition gunpowder, and a powder fire extinguisher stirred by the blast is continuously applied by pressurization due to generation of the fire extinguishing aerosol. In addition, it can be ejected into the storage container of the power storage device.

(Effect of fire extinguishing aerosol)
In addition, the fire-extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid fire extinguisher to pressurize the powder fire extinguisher is fine particles of about 2 μm, and the main component thereof contains metal oxide, carbonate or phosphate or a mixture thereof. . Specifically, the main component is potassium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, etc., which contains nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, etc., and can suppress fire extinguishing suitable for electric fires that cannot use water-based extinguishing agents. .

  For this reason, the fire extinguisher mixes and ejects two types of extinguishing agents, powder extinguishing agent and extinguishing aerosol, into the storage container of the power storage device, compared with the case where only the powder extinguishing agent or the extinguishing aerosol is discharged. Therefore, it is possible to suppress fire extinguishing more with respect to a fire of a lithium ion battery.

  In addition, it is known that the weight of the solid fire extinguishing agent necessary for fire extinguishing when the aerosol for fire extinguishing is used alone is, for example, about 80 to 200 grams per cubic meter. Even a large one is about 0.25 cubic meters, and the necessary solid fire extinguisher is about 20 to 50 grams. In practice, a plurality of lithium ion batteries are arranged in a storage container. Since the actual empty space in the storage container is smaller than that, and less solid fire extinguishing agent is required, even a fire extinguisher with the same compact size as the shape of a lithium ion battery, for example. It is possible to generate a sufficient amount of fire-extinguishing aerosol as a pressure source for powder fire extinguishers and to ensure sufficient fire suppression performance in combination with the release of powder fire extinguishing agents. That.

(Effect to make the battery shape the same)
In addition, the fire extinguishing device has the same shape as the lithium-ion battery, and can be stored and placed in the storage container of the power storage device in the same way as the lithium-ion battery, thus ensuring one more space for storing the battery in the storage container. Thus, it is only necessary to store the fire extinguisher there, and the installation space of the fire extinguishing apparatus can be minimized and can be easily and easily incorporated into the storage container.

(Effects of fire extinguishing device structure)
Moreover, since the fire extinguisher has a structure including a powder fire extinguisher and a container equipped with a release mechanism thereof, a combustion pressurizing unit, and a fire extinguishing control unit, the fire extinguishing device is completely independent inside or outside the storage container in the power storage device. It is possible to arrange it as a device, and the change on the power storage device side is only a simple change, for example, securing an extra battery storage space, and the fire extinguishing device can be easily and easily arranged in the storage container of the power storage device Thus, it is possible to directly suppress the fire extinguishing due to the abnormality of the lithium ion battery.

(Effect of heat sensing cable)
In addition, detection of an electric fire due to an abnormality of a lithium ion battery stored in the storage container of the power storage device is performed by, for example, melting the insulation coating when the heat sensing cable receives heat due to the explosion or ignition of the lithium ion battery. It is detected by bringing the signal line into contact with the short-circuited state, which eliminates the need to set the threshold temperature to detect a necessary fire when using a temperature sensor, etc., and to compare and judge the threshold and the detected temperature. In addition, it is possible to detect an electric fire associated with the abnormality of the unit cell and to inject the powder fire extinguisher and the fire-extinguishing aerosol directly into the storage container to suppress the fire extinguishing.

  In addition, since the heat sensing cable is installed so as to cross the vicinity of all the lithium ion batteries stored and arranged in the storage container of the power storage device, all the lithium ions are arranged by a simple configuration of the heat sensing cable. For each of the batteries, it is possible to reliably detect fires due to abnormalities and explosions individually, and to directly suppress the fire extinguishing agent and the fire-extinguishing aerosol into the storage container.

(External output of fire extinguishing start signal)
Further, the ignition circuit unit of the fire extinguishing device outputs a fire extinguishing start signal to the outside through the connector and the plug when the ignition explosive is ignited by the energization heating of the heater to cause an explosion, for example, based on the fire extinguishing start signal. It is possible to display and notify the fire extinguishing start with an external device.

(Effect of using only solid fire extinguisher as combustion pressure source)
In another form of the present invention, no powder for ignition is used as a combustion pressurization source, and the powder fire extinguisher filled in the container is stirred and pressurized with only the fire extinguishing aerosol by combustion of the solid fire extinguisher. In this case as well, the first powder extinguisher spray is weaker, but due to the generation of fire extinguishing aerosol, a sufficient amount of powder fire extinguisher is jetted into the storage container in a short time, and the lithium ion battery It is possible to suppress fires caused by abnormalities of fire directly.

Explanatory drawing which showed the electrical storage apparatus incorporating the fire extinguishing apparatus of this invention same as a cylindrical battery shape Explanatory drawing which showed the decomposition | disassembly assembly state of the electrical storage apparatus of FIG. The top view which removed the storage container cover of FIG. 1, and showed the inside of a storage container main body Sectional drawing which showed embodiment of the fire extinguisher of FIG. Explanatory drawing which showed the upper end surface of the ejection side of FIG. Sectional drawing which showed the XX cross section of FIG. Explanatory drawing which showed the partition surface which formed the nozzle hole of the combustion pressurization source of FIG. Circuit diagram showing an embodiment of an ignition circuit unit built in a fire extinguisher Explanatory drawing which showed operation of fire extinguishing device Explanatory drawing which showed the assembly / disassembly state of the electrical storage apparatus which incorporated the fire extinguisher of this invention same as a rectangular battery shape Sectional drawing which showed embodiment of the fire extinguisher of FIG. Explanatory drawing which showed the electrical storage apparatus which attached the fire extinguishing apparatus of this invention externally Sectional drawing which showed the internal structure of the electrical storage apparatus of FIG. Explanatory drawing which showed the electrical storage apparatus incorporating the fire extinguishing apparatus of this invention

[Configuration of fire extinguishing device]
1 is a perspective view showing a power storage device incorporating a fire extinguishing device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an exploded state of the power storage device, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the inside of a storage container body. The fire extinguishing apparatus of the embodiment is characterized by having the same shape as the cylindrical battery housed in the power storage device.

(Outline of power storage device)
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the power storage device 10 includes a box-shaped storage container body 11 that opens to the top, and a storage container lid 12 that is attached to the opening of the storage container body 11 and fixed with bolts 13. The storage container body 11 and the storage container lid 12 constitute a storage container for the power storage device 10. The power storage device 10 is also called a battery module or a battery pack.

  A positive output terminal 14 a and a negative output terminal 14 b of the power storage device 10 are attached to the front side wall located at one end in the longitudinal direction of the storage container body 11.

  An assembled battery 25 is stored in the battery storage portion 11 a of the storage container body 11. In the assembled battery 25, a plurality of lithium ion batteries 26 having a cylindrical shape are arranged in a battery storage box 15 having a plurality of battery storage sections 15a. The lithium ion battery 26 is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery known as a single battery (battery cell). For example, a cylindrical outer container formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy includes an electrode body together with a non-aqueous electrolyte. ing.

  The electrode body of the lithium ion battery 26 is formed in a cylindrical shape, for example, by winding a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate in a spiral shape with a separator interposed therebetween. The upper end of the outer casing of the lithium ion battery 26 becomes a positive terminal, and the lower end becomes a negative terminal.

  Here, the size of the lithium ion battery 26 is, for example, about (diameter R = 80 mm to 120 mm) × (height H = 80 mm to 120 mm).

  The assembled battery 25 uses, for example, 23 sections of the battery storage box 15 divided into 24 sections as the battery storage section 15a, and arranges 23 lithium ion batteries 26 in series.

  If the average cell voltage of the lithium ion battery 26 is, for example, 3.6 volts, the voltage of the assembled battery 25 becomes 82.8 volts due to the series connection of the 23 lithium ion batteries 26 shown in FIG. The voltage at the output terminal 14a and the negative output terminal 14b is also 82.8 volts. Note that the number of lithium ion batteries 26 corresponds to the required voltage of the assembled battery. The plurality of lithium ion batteries 26 may be connected to a battery pack in which a predetermined number of lithium ion batteries are connected in parallel, and a plurality of battery packs may be connected in series.

(Outline of fire extinguishing equipment)
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the storage container body 11 side of the power storage device 10 has the same cylindrical shape as the lithium ion battery 26, that is, the same diameter R and height H as the lithium ion battery 26. A cylindrical fire extinguisher 16 is housed in a battery housing box 15 together with a plurality of lithium ion batteries 26 constituting an assembled battery 25.

  That is, the battery storage box 15 stores 23 lithium ion batteries 26 with 23 of the 24 sections being battery storage sections 15a, the remaining one section is assigned to the fire extinguishing apparatus storage section 15b, and the fire extinguishing apparatus 16 is placed there. Stored.

  When the fire extinguisher 16 detects a fire associated with the abnormality of the lithium ion battery 26 stored in the storage container of the power storage device 10, the fire extinguisher generated by the explosion of the ignition explosive and the combustion of the solid fire extinguisher associated therewith The fire extinguisher filled in the container of the fire extinguishing apparatus 16 is jetted into the storage container to extinguish the fire with the use of the aerosol for pressure.

  In the present embodiment, the fire extinguishing device 16 is stored as a fire extinguishing device storing section 15b, which is a corner section that is the far left corner of the battery storage box 15, but any one of the 24 sections is used as the fire extinguishing apparatus storing section 15b. The fire extinguishing device 16 may be accommodated. For example, the fire extinguishing device 16 is accommodated by assigning a section located substantially in the center of the storage container to the fire extinguishing apparatus storage section 15b in order to efficiently spray and diffuse the powder fire extinguisher with blast and fire extinguishing aerosol inside the storage container.

  The fire extinguishing device 16 is configured so that a powder fire extinguisher pressurized by a blast and a fire-extinguishing aerosol is supplied from a head unit 40 provided in the upper part in a state in which the battery storage box 15 is incorporated in the battery storage part 11a of the main body storage container 11. It is possible to erupt. Further, by attaching the plug 70 to the connector of the fire extinguishing device 16, the heat sensing cable 64 functioning as a fire detection unit and the signal lines 72 and 74 are connected to the fire extinguishing device 16.

  The heat sensing cable 64 is two twisted signal wires insulated with a resin such as vinyl. A voltage is applied from the fire extinguishing device 16 between the two signal wires, and the heat sensing cable 64 receives heat from a fire. When the insulation coating melts, the pair of signal lines come into contact with a short circuit, and a sensing current flows to detect a fire.

  The heat sensing cable 64 drawn into the storage container via the plug 70 is laid so as to pass immediately above all the lithium ion batteries 26 stored in the storage container main body 11, and each of the lithium ion batteries 26. It is possible to detect the heat caused by fire due to abnormalities.

  The signal lines 72 and 74 drawn out through the plug 70 are connected to the connector 24 provided on the side surface at one end in the longitudinal direction of the storage container body 11. The signal line 72 inputs an ignition control signal from the outside and operates the fire extinguishing device 16 remotely. The signal line 74 outputs a fire extinguishing start signal when the fire extinguishing device 16 ignites an ignition gunpowder to cause an explosion. For this reason, by plugging a signal cable from the external device side (not shown) to the connector 24, the fire extinguishing device 16 can be operated by an ignition control signal from the external device side, and a display panel on the external device side, etc. In addition, the activation of the fire extinguishing device 16 can be displayed.

(Structure of fire extinguishing equipment)
4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an upper end face of the fire extinguishing apparatus, and FIG. It is sectional drawing shown.

  As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, the fire extinguishing apparatus 16 according to this embodiment includes a container main body 28 having a cylindrical shape having the same size as a lithium ion battery and an upper opening of the container main body 28. A pressure-resistant container is constituted by the fixed lid member 30.

The container main body 28 is filled with a powder fire extinguisher 32. The fire extinguishing target of the fire extinguishing apparatus 16 of the present embodiment is an electric fire caused by a lithium ion battery. The electric fire of the lithium ion battery is caused by a thermal runaway due to an internal short circuit or overcharge, so that the battery temperature rises significantly and the pressure rises. The non-aqueous electrolyte is ignited and fires and the flame is blown out violently. The non-aqueous electrolyte uses a flammable organic solvent such as dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate, A mixed solution in which solvents are mixed at various ratios is used. For this reason, the powder fire extinguishing agent 32 filled in the fire extinguishing device 16 is an ABC type of fire corresponding to a normal fire A such as wood, paper, and fiber, a fire B of oil such as kerosene and gasoline, and an electric fire C such as a switchboard and an outlet. Use as a fire extinguisher.

  A fire extinguisher discharge pipe 34 fixed on the lid member 30 side is accommodated in the container main body 28. The extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 is fixed to the lid member 30 by fitting and fixing the upper part of the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 into a through-hole opened at the lower part of the head part 40, and is inserted into the opening of the lid member 30 from the inside and welded. The fixing member 41 is fixed by, for example, and is fixed by screwing the connecting screw hole 43 on the head portion 40 side into the screw portion taken out of the fixing member 41.

  The structure for fixing the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 to the lid member 30 is such that the fire hydrant discharge pipe 34 can be removed by turning the head portion 40 in the direction of loosening the connecting screw hole 43, and the container body 28 is filled. When periodically replacing the powder extinguisher 32, the fire extinguisher discharge pipe 34 can be removed and the powder extinguisher 32 can be replaced.

  At the lower end opening of the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34, a thin sealing member 38 that is torn by pressurization from a combustion pressurizing source, which will be described later, is disposed by the mounting member 36, and the entrance of the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 is closed. This prevents moisture from entering the container body 28 and solidifying the powder extinguishing agent 32. As the sealing member 38, for example, an aluminum foil, a synthetic resin thin film, or the like is used.

  The head portion 40 mounted on the outlet side of the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 is, for example, a disk shape, and communicates with a through hole in the center lower portion where the upper end of the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 is fitted and fixed, and discharge holes toward the surrounding four locations. 42 is formed, and the powder fire extinguisher discharged from the fire extinguisher discharge pipe 34 is jetted by the head portion 40 in the direction of 360 degrees around the horizontal direction.

  In the container main body 28, an isolation container 44 having a shape that becomes a part of a cylinder constituting the combustion pressurizing unit is accommodated and fixed. The isolation container 44 forms an isolation section isolated from the powder extinguisher 32 filled in the container main body 28, and the upper part of the isolation container 44 is used as a fire extinguisher storage part, and the upper part of the fire extinguishing agent storage part is arranged by a closing member 46. The solid fire extinguishing agent 50 which has opened and opened in the lower part and has arrange | positioned the explosive 48 for ignition in that is accommodated. Further, the isolation container 44 is provided with a pressure resistance performance that can withstand the explosion pressure generated when the ignition explosive 48 is detonated.

  The solid fire extinguisher 50 has a through hole 52 in the central vertical direction, and an ignition explosive 48 is embedded in the lower opening side of the through hole 52, and a heater 54 used for ignition is placed in the ignition explosive 48. Embedded.

  The through hole 52 provided in the solid fire extinguishing agent 50 plays a role of efficiently burning the solid fire extinguishing agent 50 from the through hole 52 toward the outside when the solid extinguishing agent 50 is ignited by the explosion of the ignition gunpowder 48.

  The igniting explosive 48 uses the blast generated when energized and heated by the heater 54 as a pressurizing source, rapidly agitates and presses the powder extinguishant 32 contained in the container body 28 by the blast, and is strong generated by the blast. The sealing member 38 of the fire extinguisher discharge pipe 34 is broken by pressure, and the powder fire extinguisher is injected into the storage container of the power storage device from the head 40 through the fire extinguisher discharge pipe 34 at a high pressure. Moreover, the explosive 48 for ignition fulfills the function of igniting and burning the solid fire extinguisher 50 by the flame generated by the explosion.

  The amount of the igniting explosive 48 generates a pressing force sufficient to stir the powder extinguisher 32, break the sealing member 38, and inject the powder extinguisher from the head portion 40 with a strong injection force in a short time. The amount of explosives required for

  In order to enhance safety, an insulated electric detonator known as an industrial detonator may be disposed as an ignition gunpowder 48 in a through hole 52 provided in the solid fire extinguisher 50. An insulated electric detonator is filled with an explosive followed by an explosive in a detonator case sealed at the tip, filled with an insulating resin outside and sealed, and a thin wire bridge ( A heater) is embedded, and the current is passed from the outside to the wire bridge to generate heat, thereby igniting the explosive and initiating the explosive. It should be noted that the explosive charged in the insulated electric detonator is a predetermined amount required within a range where the pressure resistance performance of the isolation container 44 is satisfied.

  The solid fire extinguisher 50 generates a fire extinguishing aerosol by combustion and functions as a pressure source for releasing the powder fire extinguishing agent 32 following the initiation of the ignition explosive 48 and also functions as a fire extinguishing agent. The fire-fighting aerosol is ultrafine particles of about 2 μm, and the main component thereof contains a metal oxide, carbonate or phosphate or a mixture thereof.

  Specifically, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate and the like are the main components, and nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and the like are contained therein. In the fire extinguishing aerosol having such a main component, the fire extinguishing aerosol itself is not toxic and can be said to be an environmentally friendly generated gas.

  The fire extinguishing action by the fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid fire extinguishing agent 50 is the action of extinguishing and suppressing the active center of combustion burning by the occurrence of fire by filling the storage container of the power storage device with the fire extinguishing aerosol. The fire extinguishing action suitable for an electric fire which cannot use a water-based fire extinguisher is obtained.

  The amount of the solid fire extinguishing agent 50 is determined according to the volume in the storage container of the power storage device, for example. The weight of the solid fire extinguishing agent 50 for generating the fire extinguishing aerosol necessary for extinguishing per cubic meter of fire extinguishing target area to be a closed space is about 80 g to 200 g, and based on this, the power to be extinguished An amount of the solid fire extinguisher 50 corresponding to the volume in the storage container of the apparatus is stored.

  The storage container internal volume of the power storage device to be extinguished by the fire extinguishing device 16 of the present embodiment is, for example, about 0.1 cubic meter to 0.25 cubic meter, and an assembled battery composed of a plurality of lithium ion batteries is accommodated therein. As a result, the volume of the actual empty space becomes even smaller. For example, the weight of the solid fire extinguisher required when the internal volume of the storage container of the power storage device is 0.1 cubic meter is 8 to 20 grams, and the weight of the solid fire extinguisher required when it is 0.25 cubic meter is 20 Grams to 50 grams.

  Conventionally, gas fire extinguishing equipment and powder fire extinguishing equipment are generally used as fire extinguishing equipment used for electric equipment and the like, but these fire extinguishing equipment requires a large amount of high-pressure gas to release a fire extinguishing agent. For this reason, if fire extinguishing gas or powder is released in a highly sealed storage container, the storage container may burst, reducing the fire-extinguishing effect and expanding the spread of fire. In the fire extinguisher of the present embodiment, the pressurization in the storage container is a short time when the ignition gunpowder 48 is ignited, and thereafter, the pressurization in the storage container is a slight pressurization due to aerosol release generated by the combustion of a small amount of the solid fire extinguishing agent 50. Compared with gas fire extinguishing equipment and powder fire extinguishing equipment, the rise in pressure in the storage container is very small, and rupture of the storage container can be avoided.

  A flame ejection preventing member 56 is disposed on the opening side of the extinguishing agent storage portion storing the solid extinguishing agent 50 in which the ignition powder 48 is disposed. Specific examples of the flame ejection preventing member 56 include a structure in which a plurality of small-diameter pipes such as glass and porcelain are arranged to suppress the ejection of flame, a structure in which a plurality of wire meshes are arranged separately to suppress the ejection of flame, glass, A structure in which a plurality of balls, such as porcelain, are arranged to suppress the ejection of flame, and a structure in which a plurality of balls, such as glass and porcelain, are arranged between a plurality of wire meshes, to suppress the ejection of flame.

  A cavity 58 is formed following the flame ejection preventing member 56, and a plurality of nozzle holes 60 are formed by attaching a pipe member to the partition wall of the isolation container 44 that partitions the cavity 58 and the filling side of the powder extinguishing agent 32, The blast generated by the explosion of the ignition powder 48 and the fire-extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid fire-extinguishing agent 50 are efficiently discharged from the nozzle hole 60, and the powder fire-extinguishing agent 32 is pressurized while being stirred.

  The nozzle hole 60 is configured such that the pipe member is arranged upward, horizontally, and downward, and the discharge direction of the blast and the fire-extinguishing aerosol is made different so that the powder fire-extinguishing agent 32 filled in the container body 28 can be efficiently stirred. Yes.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7 in which the isolation container 44 is taken out, the nozzle holes 60 are formed in a total of nine nozzle holes 60 in the vertical and horizontal directions at the bottom of the isolation surface with respect to the powder fire extinguishing agent 32, Each of the holes 60 is provided with a thin sealing member 62 that is broken by the blast generated by the explosion of the ignition explosive 48 so as to be closed, so that the powder extinguishant 32 filled in the main body container 28 does not enter the cavity 58. I am doing so. The sealing member 62 that closes the nozzle hole 60 uses an aluminum foil, a synthetic resin thin film, or the like, and is bonded and fixed to the outside of the nozzle hole 60 in the same manner as the sealing member 38 provided in the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34. The number of nozzle holes 60 may be an appropriate number as necessary, and only the nozzle holes 60 may be formed in the partition wall without providing a pipe member that determines the discharge direction from the nozzle holes 60. good.

  The fire extinguishing device 16 is provided with a fire extinguishing control unit. The fire extinguishing control unit includes a heat sensing cable 64, an ignition circuit unit 66, a connector 68, and a plug 70.

The connector 68 is attached to the lid member 30 so that the heat sensing cable 64 and the plug 70 from which the signal lines 72 and 74 are drawn out can be connected.

  An ignition circuit portion 66 is attached to the side of the isolation container 44 stored in the container body 28 of the fire extinguishing device 16 where the powder extinguishing agent 32 is filled. The ignition circuit unit 66 has a built-in battery power source (primary battery), and outputs a heat sensing cable 64, a signal line 72 for inputting an ignition control signal, and a fire extinguishing start signal to and from the connector 68. A signal line for connecting the signal line 74 to be connected is connected, and a signal line for the heater 54 is also connected.

When the ignition circuit unit 66 detects a fire associated with the abnormality of the lithium ion battery by a short circuit of the heat sensing cable 64, the ignition circuit unit 66 starts the ignition explosive 48 by energizing the heater 54 and heating it. The agent 50 is ignited and burned. Even when an ignition control signal is input from the outside via the signal line 72, the ignition explosive 48 is started by energizing and heating the heater 54, and the solid fire extinguishing agent 50 is ignited and burned.

(Configuration of ignition circuit)
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of an ignition circuit unit arranged inside the fire extinguisher of FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, the ignition circuit unit 66 includes a heat sensing cable 64 wired in the storage container of the power storage device via a plug 70 and a connector 68, a signal line 72 for inputting an ignition control signal, and a fire extinguishing start signal. Is connected to the signal line 74. Note that the signal line 72 for inputting the ignition control signal is in an open state in the normal monitoring state, and when the ignition control signal is input, it is in a short circuit state.

  The ignition circuit section 66 is provided with a heater drive circuit including a transistor 84, a relay 86, and resistors 78, 80, and 82, and a battery power source 76. The battery power source 76 is a primary battery such as a button battery and does not require external power supply.

  The transistor 84 applies the divided voltage of the resistors 78 and 80 to the base via the resistor 82, and the power supply voltage from the battery power source 76 is always applied to the heat sensing cable 64 via the resistors 78 and 80. doing. Here, in the normal monitoring state, the transistor 84 is off, and only the power supply voltage is applied to one signal line of the heat sensing cable 64 and no current flows, and the power consumption of the ignition circuit section 66 is as follows. Only a very small amount of current consumption is caused by leakage current or the like, and even if a primary battery is used as the battery power source 76, a sufficient battery life can be secured if necessary.

  The transistor 84 is a PNP transistor, and a relay 86 is connected as a load on the collector side. In the normal monitoring state, the heat sensing cable 64 is in an open state with an insulation covering of two signal lines such as vinyl. No current flows from the battery power source 76, and the transistor 84 is off because the voltage between the emitter and the base is 0 volts.

  The relay 86 is connected to the heater 54 via the normally open relay contact 90. Further, the normally open relay contact 88 of the relay 86 is connected between the emitter and collector of the transistor 84 to form a latch circuit. Further, a relay contact 92 for outputting a fire extinguishing start signal is connected to a terminal of the connector 68.

  When the vinyl which is the insulation coating of the heat sensing cable 64 is melted by the heat of the fire accompanying the abnormal heat generation of the lithium ion battery housed in the power storage device, and the two signal lines are in contact with each other, the resistors 78 and 80 are connected. A current flows through the heat sensing cable 64. For this reason, a bias voltage is applied between the emitter and base of the transistor 84 by the voltage generated in the resistor 78, whereby the transistor 84 is turned on and the relay 86 is operated.

  When the relay 86 is actuated, the normally open relay contact 90 is closed, the heater 54 is energized, the ignition gunpowder 48 is detonated by heating by energization of the heater 54, and the solid extinguishing agent 50 is ignited and combusted accordingly. An aerosol for fire is generated, the powder fire extinguisher 32 is stirred and pressurized by the blast and fire extinguishing aerosol, the powder fire extinguisher 32 is ejected from the nozzle part 60 into the storage container, and then the powder fire extinguisher 32 is ejected together with the fire extinguishing aerosol. Let

  Further, the relay contact 88 is closed by the operation of the relay 86, so that the relay 86 is latched in the operating state, thereby preventing a malfunction due to a change in the short circuit state of the heat sensing cable 64.

  Furthermore, when the relay contact 92 is closed, a fire extinguishing start signal indicating that the fire extinguishing operation has been performed is output to the outside via the signal line 74, and a battery fire occurs in the external device that has received the fire extinguishing start signal as necessary. Display and inform the activation of the fire extinguishing system.

  On the other hand, when an ignition control signal is input as necessary from the external device side, the signal line 72 is short-circuited, and the signal line 72 is connected via the resistors 78 and 80 in the same manner as when a fire is detected by the heat sensing cable 64. When the relay 84 is activated, the normally open relay contact 90 is closed and the heater 54 is energized. The heating explosive 48 is ignited by heating, and the solid fire extinguisher 50 is ignited accordingly. The fire extinguishing aerosol is generated by burning, the powder extinguishing agent 32 is stirred and pressurized by the blast and the extinguishing aerosol, and the powder extinguishing agent 32 is ejected from the nozzle portion 40 into the storage container, and together with the extinguishing aerosol. The powder extinguishing agent 32 is ejected.

(Operation of fire extinguishing device)
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the fire extinguishing apparatus. In FIG. 9, any of the lithium ion batteries 26 stored in the power storage device 10 has a thermal runaway due to an internal short circuit or overcharge, and the battery temperature rises significantly. When a non-aqueous electrolyte is ignited and a fire is generated, which causes a flame to be blown out violently, the ignition circuit unit 66 of the fire extinguishing device 16 detects a short circuit caused by the fire of the heat sensing cable 64 installed in the storage container of the power storage device 10. The heater 54 is energized and heated to explode the ignition explosive 48, and the solid fire extinguisher 50 is ignited and combusted accordingly to generate a fire extinguishing aerosol.

  The blast generated by the initiation of the ignition gunpowder 48 is ejected from the lower opening through the flame ejection preventing member 56, and then the air in the cavity 58 is compressed to break the sealing member 62 shown in FIG. A blast is blown from 60, and the powder fire extinguisher 32 with which the container main body 28 is filled is stirred by this. When the internal pressure in the main body container 28 reaches a predetermined pressure, the sealing member 38 that closes the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 is broken, and the powder extinguishing agent 32 passes through the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 from the head unit 40 into the storage container. The fire extinguishing agent 32 is sprayed with a strong force in a short time against the flame of the ignited combustible gas or electrolyte discharged from the lithium ion battery that has been discharged into the space and has been abnormally overheated to suppress the fire extinguishing.

  Subsequently, the release of the powder fire extinguisher 32 from the head part 40 is continued by pressurization with the fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid fire extinguishing agent 50. In this case, the powder fire extinguisher and the fire extinguishing aerosol are mixed 2 It becomes release of a kind of fire extinguisher, and can suppress the fire of the lithium ion battery which has caused a fire reliably.

  Therefore, even if the lithium ion battery 26 stored in the power storage device 10 causes a fire due to abnormal overheating, the fire extinguishing device 16 directly injects a powder fire extinguishing agent and a fire extinguishing aerosol into the storage container of the power storage device. The fire extinguishing can be suppressed, and a fire caused by the abnormality of the lithium ion battery 26 can be held in the storage container of the power storage device 10, and it is possible to surely prevent the fire from spreading to the outside of the storage container and causing serious damage. And

[Embodiment of the same fire extinguishing apparatus as rectangular battery shape]
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing an exploded state of a power storage device incorporating the fire extinguishing device of the present invention that is the same as the rectangular battery shape, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the fire extinguishing device of FIG.

(Power storage device)
As shown in FIG. 10, the power storage device 10 includes a box-shaped storage container body 11 that opens to the top, and a storage container lid 12 that is attached to the opening of the storage container body 11 and fixed with bolts. The storage container lid 12 constitutes a storage container of the power storage device 10. A positive output terminal 14 a and a negative output terminal 14 b of the power storage device 10 are attached to the front side wall located at one end in the longitudinal direction of the storage container body 11.

  Two sets of assembled batteries 25 are stored inside the storage container body 11. In each of the assembled batteries 25, a plurality of lithium ion batteries 126 having a flat box shape are arranged. The lithium ion battery 126 is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery known as a single battery (battery cell). For example, an electrode body together with a non-aqueous electrolyte is placed on a flat box-shaped outer container formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. I have. The electrode body of the lithium ion battery 126 is formed in a flat rectangular shape by, for example, winding a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate in a spiral shape with a separator interposed therebetween, and further compressing in a radial direction. A positive electrode terminal 126 a and a negative electrode terminal 126 b are provided at the upper end of the outer casing of the lithium ion battery 126.

  Here, the size of the lithium ion battery 126 is, for example, about (horizontal width L = 100 mm to 120 mm) × (vertical width W = 20 mm) × (height H = 90 mm to 100 mm).

  For example, nine lithium ion batteries 126 are arranged and connected in series to each of the two sets of assembled batteries 25, and two sets of assembled batteries 25 are further connected in series. Here, if the average cell voltage of the lithium ion battery 126 is, for example, 3.6 volts, the voltage of each assembled battery 25 becomes 32.4 volts by connecting the nine lithium ion batteries 126 in series. By connecting the assembled batteries 25 in series, the voltage of the positive output terminal 14a and the negative output terminal 14b of the power storage device 10 becomes 64.8 volts. Note that the number of lithium ion batteries 126 corresponds to the required voltage of the assembled battery. Further, the plurality of lithium ion batteries 126 may be connected to each other in a battery pack in which a predetermined number of lithium ion batteries are connected in parallel, and a plurality of battery packs may be connected in series.

(Fire extinguishing equipment)
A fire extinguishing device 16 having the same flat box shape as the lithium ion battery 126, that is, the same width L, height W and height H as the lithium ion battery 126 is provided on the storage container body 11 side of the power storage device 10. Are housed together with a plurality of lithium-ion batteries 126 constituting the.

  The storage container main body 11 is divided into two rows in the storage container to form battery storage compartments 15a partitioned into nine sections, and two extinguishing fires divided into two rows and one section at the end in the depth direction. A device storage section 15b is formed. A lithium ion battery 126 is housed in the battery housing section 15a and connected in series by a connection member (not shown). Further, the fire extinguishing device 16 is housed in one of the two fire extinguishing device housing sections 15b.

  The fire extinguisher 16 is configured to be able to eject a powder fire extinguisher pressurized by a blast and a fire extinguishing aerosol from a head unit 40 provided in the upper part of the fire extinguisher storage section 15b of the storage container body 11. Yes. Further, by attaching the plug 70 to the connector of the fire extinguishing device 16, the heat sensing cable 64 functioning as a fire detection unit and the signal lines 72 and 74 are connected to the fire extinguishing device 16.

  The heat sensing cable 64 drawn into the storage container via the plug 70 is laid so as to pass directly above all the lithium ion batteries 126 stored in the storage container body 11, and each abnormality of the lithium ion battery 126 is detected. It is possible to detect the heat caused by fire.

  In addition, the signal lines 72 and 74 drawn out through the plug 70 are connected to a connector (not shown) provided on the side surface of one end in the longitudinal direction of the storage container body 11. The signal line 72 inputs an ignition control signal from the outside and operates the fire extinguishing device 16 remotely. The signal line 74 outputs a fire extinguishing start signal when the fire extinguishing device 16 ignites an ignition gunpowder to cause an explosion.

(Configuration of fire extinguishing device)
11 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the fire extinguishing apparatus of FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, the fire extinguishing apparatus 16 according to the present embodiment includes a container main body 128 opened in the upper part of a flat box shape having the same size as the lithium ion battery 126, and a lid member 130 attached to the upper opening of the container main body 128. It is composed.

  The configuration of the fire extinguishing apparatus 16 is the same as that of the fire extinguishing apparatus 16 shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 except that the container constituted by the container main body 128 and the lid member 130 has a flat box shape of the same size as the lithium ion battery 126. Since they are basically the same, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

(Operation of fire extinguishing device)
10 and 11, when any of the lithium ion batteries 126 stored in the power storage device 10 ruptures due to abnormal overheating and causes a fire, the ignition circuit unit 66 of the fire extinguishing device 16 is stored in the storage container of the power storage device 10. Fire detection aerosol 64 is detected by detecting a short-circuit state due to a fire of the heat sensing cable 64 laid inside, energizing and heating the heater 54 to initiate the ignition gunpowder 48, and igniting and burning the solid fire extinguishing agent 50 accordingly. Is generated.

  The blast generated by the initiation of the ignition gunpowder 48 is ejected from the lower opening through the flame ejection preventing member 56, then the air in the cavity 58 is compressed, the sealing member 62 is broken, and the blast is ejected from the nozzle hole 60. Thus, the powder fire extinguisher 32 filled in the container main body 128 is agitated.

  When the internal pressure in the main body container 128 reaches a predetermined pressure, the sealing member 38 that closes the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 is broken, and the powder extinguishing agent 32 passes through the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 from the head unit 40 into the storage container. The fire extinguishing agent 32 is sprayed with a strong force in a short time against the ignited combustible gas or electrolyte discharged from the lithium ion battery that has been discharged into the space and abnormally overheated to suppress the fire extinguishing.

  Subsequently, the release of the powder fire extinguishing agent 32 from the head portion 40 is continued by pressurization with the fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid fire extinguishing agent 50. In this case, the powder fire extinguishing agent and the fire extinguishing aerosol are mixed 2 It becomes release of a kind of fire extinguisher, and can suppress the fire of the lithium ion battery which has caused a fire reliably.

[Embodiment of fire extinguishing device externally attached to power storage device]
FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the present invention externally attached to the power storage device, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the power storage device.

(Outline of power storage device)
The power storage device 10 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 is basically the same as the case of FIG. 1, and has a box-shaped storage container main body 11 opened at the top, and an opening of the storage container main body 11 attached with a bolt 13. A storage container lid 12 is provided, and the storage container body 11 and the storage container lid 12 constitute a storage container of the power storage device 10, and the power storage device is disposed on the front side wall located at one end in the longitudinal direction of the storage container body 11. Ten positive output terminals 14a and 10 negative output terminals 14b are attached.

  An assembled battery 25 is accommodated inside the storage container body 11. In the assembled battery 25, a plurality of lithium ion batteries 126 having the same flat box shape as shown in FIG.

(Fire extinguishing equipment)
A fire extinguishing device 16 is attached to the outside of the storage container lid 12 in the power storage device 10. The fire extinguisher 16 has basically the same structure as the fire extinguisher 16 shown in FIG. 11, and an L-shaped joint (elbow) 94 is attached to the fire extinguisher discharge pipe 34 taken out through the lid member 130 shown in FIG. It connects and communicates with the inside of the storage container lid 12, and the head portion 40 is attached thereto.

  Further, the heat sensing cable 64 and the signal lines 72 and 74 connected to the plug 70 attached to the connector 68 provided on the lid member 130 are drawn into the inside of the storage container lid 12 through the penetration seal portion 96, and the heat sensing cable 64 is In addition, it is installed so as to pass directly above all the lithium ion batteries 126 stored in the storage container main body 11 so that heat due to a fire associated with each abnormality of the lithium ion batteries 126 can be detected. The signal lines 72 and 74 are connected to the connector 24 provided on the side surface of one end of the storage container lid 12, and the signal line 72 inputs an ignition control signal from the outside to remotely operate the fire extinguishing device 16, The line 74 outputs a fire extinguishing start signal when the fire extinguishing device 16 ignites the ignition gunpowder and starts detonation.

(Operation of fire extinguishing device)
12 and 13, when any one of the lithium ion batteries 126 stored in the power storage device 10 is ruptured due to abnormal overheating and a fire is caused, the ignition circuit unit 66 of the fire extinguishing device 16 shown in FIG. A short circuit state due to a fire of the heat sensing cable 64 laid in the storage container of the apparatus 10 is detected, the heater 54 is energized and heated to ignite the explosive 48 for ignition, and the solid fire extinguishing agent 50 is ignited and combusted accordingly. This generates fire-fighting aerosol.

  The blast generated by the initiation of the ignition gunpowder 48 is ejected from the lower opening through the flame ejection preventing member 56, then the air in the cavity 58 is compressed, the sealing member 62 is broken, and the blast is ejected from the nozzle hole 60. Thus, the powder fire extinguisher 32 filled in the container main body 128 is agitated.

  When the internal pressure in the main body container 128 reaches a predetermined pressure, the sealing member 38 that closes the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 is broken, and the powder extinguishing agent 32 passes through the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 to the inside of the storage container lid 12. The powder fire extinguishing agent 32 is sprayed with a strong force in a short time against the ignited combustible gas or electrolyte discharged from the lithium ion battery that has been discharged from the disposed head portion 40 into the space inside the storage container and caused abnormal heating. Suppress fire extinguishing, flame.

  Subsequently, the release of the powder fire extinguishing agent 32 from the head portion 40 is continued by pressurization with the fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid fire extinguishing agent 50. In this case, the powder fire extinguishing agent and the fire extinguishing aerosol are mixed 2 It becomes release of a kind of fire extinguisher, and can suppress the fire of the lithium ion battery which has caused a fire reliably.

  In the embodiment in which the fire extinguishing device 16 is externally attached to the power storage device 10, the fire extinguishing device 16 is not affected by the temperature in the power storage device 10, and depends on the temperature of the powder fire extinguisher filled in the fire extinguishing device 16. The impact can be reduced.

  Moreover, although the powder fire extinguisher with which the fire extinguisher 16 is filled needs to be replaced | exchanged regularly, the replacement | exchange work of a powder fire extinguisher can be easily performed by attaching the fire extinguisher 16 externally. .

  Further, when the fire extinguisher 16 is operated, the fire extinguisher 16 itself generates heat due to the combustion of the ignition explosive and the solid fire extinguisher and becomes high temperature. The influence of heat generation on the ion battery can be eliminated.

[Embodiment of fire extinguishing device built in power storage device]
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a fire extinguishing apparatus according to the present invention incorporated in a power storage device.

(Outline of power storage device)
A power storage device 10 shown in FIG. 14 is basically the same as that in FIG. 1, and has a box-shaped storage container main body 11 opened at the top, and a storage container lid 12 attached and fixed to the opening of the storage container main body 11. The storage container body 11 and the storage container lid 12 constitute a storage container of the power storage device 10, and a positive output terminal 14 a of the power storage device 10 is provided on the front side wall located at one end in the longitudinal direction of the storage container body 11. And a negative output terminal 14b.

  An assembled battery 25 is accommodated inside the storage container body 11. In the assembled battery 25, a plurality of lithium ion batteries 126 having the same flat box shape as shown in FIG.

(Fire extinguishing equipment)
A fire extinguishing device 16 is attached to the inside of the storage container lid 12 in the power storage device 10. The fire extinguishing device 16 has basically the same structure as the fire extinguishing device 16 shown in FIG. 11, and an extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 taken out through the lid member 130 of FIG. The head unit 40 is attached.

  Further, the heat sensing cable 64 drawn out from the plug 70 attached to the connector 68 provided on the lid member 130 is laid so as to pass directly above all the lithium ion batteries 126 stored in the storage container body 11, so that the lithium ion It is possible to detect heat due to a fire associated with each abnormality of the battery 126. Further, the signal lines 72 and 74 drawn from the plug 70 are connected to the connector 24 provided on the side surface of one end of the storage container lid 12, and the signal line 72 inputs an ignition control signal from the outside to remotely connect the fire extinguishing device 16. The signal line 74 outputs a fire extinguishing start signal when the fire extinguishing device 16 ignites an ignition gunpowder to cause an explosion.

(Operation of fire extinguishing device)
In FIG. 14, when any of the lithium ion batteries 126 stored in the power storage device 10 ruptures due to abnormal overheating and causes a fire, the ignition circuit unit 66 stored in the fire extinguishing device 16 shown in FIG. 10 detects a short-circuit state due to a fire of the heat sensing cable 64 installed in the storage container 10, energizes and heats the heater 54 to start the ignition explosive 48, and ignites and burns the solid fire extinguishing agent 50 accordingly. Generates fire-fighting aerosol.

  The blast generated by the initiation of the ignition gunpowder 48 is ejected from the lower opening through the flame ejection preventing member 56, then the air in the cavity 58 is compressed, the sealing member 62 is broken, and the blast is ejected from the nozzle hole 60. Thus, the powder fire extinguisher 32 filled in the container main body 128 is agitated.

  When the internal pressure in the main body container 128 reaches a predetermined pressure, the sealing member 38 that closes the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 is broken, and the powder extinguishing agent 32 passes through the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34 to the inside of the storage container lid 12. The powder fire extinguishing agent 32 is sprayed with a strong force in a short time against the ignited combustible gas or electrolyte discharged from the lithium ion battery that has been discharged from the disposed head portion 40 into the space inside the storage container and caused abnormal heating. Suppress fire extinguishing, flame.

  Subsequently, the release of the powder fire extinguishing agent 32 from the head portion 40 is continued by pressurization with the fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid fire extinguishing agent 50. In this case, the powder fire extinguishing agent and the fire extinguishing aerosol are mixed 2 It becomes release of a kind of fire extinguisher, and can suppress the fire of the lithium ion battery which has caused a fire reliably.

[Embodiment of fire extinguishing apparatus using only solid fire extinguishing agent as combustion pressure source]
As another embodiment of the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the present invention, the ignition gunpowder provided in the combustion pressurization source is removed, and only the solid fire extinguishing agent is provided.

  In the configuration of the fire extinguishing apparatus according to the present embodiment, the ignition explosive 48 provided in the fire extinguishing apparatus 16 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 11 is removed, and only the solid fire extinguishing agent 50 is provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 11.

  Since the solid fire extinguisher used in this embodiment does not perform high-pressure pressurization by the initiation of the ignition gunpowder, the solid fire extinguisher has a higher combustion speed than the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 11. , The sealing member 62 of the nozzle hole 60 is broken to stir and pressurize the powder extinguisher 32, and the sealing member 38 is broken to store the powder extinguisher 32 from the head unit 40 through the extinguishing agent discharge pipe 34. Sufficient pressurization is performed so as to be ejected into the apparatus 10.

[Modification of the present invention]
(Multiple installation of fire extinguishing equipment)
In the embodiment of the fire extinguishing apparatus having the same shape as the above-described lithium ion battery, one of the battery storage compartments of the power storage device is used as an empty compartment, and the fire extinguishing apparatus is accommodated therein. Fire extinguishing device storage sections may be assigned, and a fire extinguishing device may be accommodated in each to enhance the fire extinguishing capability.

(Separation of fire extinguishing equipment)
In the above embodiment, the fire extinguisher container is provided with a powder fire extinguisher and its combustion pressurizing part, but a fire extinguisher container filled with a powder fire extinguisher, an explosive for ignition and a solid fire extinguisher. Separated from the combustion pressurization vessel provided, pressurizing by connecting a pressure pipe from the combustion pressurization vessel to the extinguishing agent container, stirring and filling the powder extinguisher filled in the extinguishing agent container, and passing the head through the extinguishing agent discharge pipe You may make it discharge | emit from a part.

  Thus, when it isolate | separates into a fire extinguisher container and a combustion pressurization source container, it is set as the shape of a lithium ion battery, respectively, for example, it is ensured in the storage container main body 11 of the electrical storage apparatus 10 shown in FIG. It accommodates in the fire extinguishing apparatus accommodation section 15b, and connects with pressurization piping.

  As described above, the fire extinguishing agent container and the combustion pressurization source container are separately arranged, so that the amount of the powder fire extinguisher and the solid fire extinguisher to be filled can be increased to enhance the fire extinguishing ability.

(Fire extinguishing device power supply)
In the above embodiment, the battery circuit power source using the primary battery is built in the fire extinguisher and the ignition circuit unit is operated, but the lithium ion battery (in the storage container of the power storage device) ( A power source may be supplied from the secondary battery.

(Ignition circuit part)
In addition, the ignition circuit unit is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and a circuit function for detecting a short circuit of the heat sensing cable due to a fire and igniting an explosive for ignition or a fixed extinguishing agent. If a circuit function for igniting an explosive or a solid extinguishing agent and a circuit function for outputting a fire extinguishing start signal to the outside are provided, an appropriate circuit can be obtained.

  In addition, the ignition circuit unit provided in the fire extinguishing apparatus in the above embodiment ignites the explosive for ignition by an ignition control signal from the outside to generate a blast, but this is not performed, and a fire such as a heat sensing cable is not performed. It is also possible to generate a blast by igniting the explosive for ignition only by detecting a fire by the detection unit.

(Fire detection part)
In the above embodiment, a heat detection cable is provided as a fire detection unit for detecting a fire due to an abnormality of the lithium ion battery. In addition to this, a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple or a thermistor, laser pulse light is incident. An appropriate fire detection unit such as an optical fiber sensor for measuring the temperature from the intensity of the backscattered light may be provided.

(Use of fire extinguishing equipment)
In addition, the above-described embodiment is an example of a power storage device for an electric vehicle, an aircraft, and a housing facility, but a lithium ion battery installed in any other appropriate device, device, facility, or facility is used. The same applies to a fire extinguishing device for a power storage device.

(Other)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, includes appropriate modifications without impairing the object and advantages thereof, and is not limited by the numerical values shown in the above-described embodiment.

10: Power storage device 11: Storage container body 12: Storage container lid 14a: Positive electrode output terminal 14b: Negative electrode output terminal 15: Battery storage box 15a: Battery storage section 15b: Fire extinguishing apparatus storage section 16: Fire extinguishing apparatus 24: Connector 25: Set Batteries 26, 126: Lithium ion batteries 28, 128: Container body 30, 130: Lid member 32: Powder extinguisher 34: Extinguishing agent discharge pipe 36: Mounting member 38, 62: Sealing member 40: Head portion 44: Isolation container 48: Ignition explosive 50: Solid extinguisher 54: Heater 56: Flame ejection preventing member 58: Cavity 60: Nozzle hole 64: Thermal sensing cable 66: Ignition circuit 68: Connector 70: Plugs 72, 74: Signal line 76 : Battery power supply 84: Transistor 86: Relay

Claims (9)

In a fire extinguishing device that extinguishes fire by providing a plurality of lithium ion batteries in a power storage device that is arranged and stored in a battery storage part in a storage container ,
A container filled with powder extinguishing agent;
A fire extinguisher discharge pipe for opening one end to the inside of the container and opening the other end to the outside of the container to discharge the powder fire extinguisher filled in the container to the outside;
A sealing member that is disposed in an internal opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe and is torn by pressurization of the powder extinguishing agent;
A head part mounted on an external opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe, and discharging a powder fire extinguishing agent to the battery housing;
The powder fire extinguisher is disposed inside the container and has a solid fire extinguisher in which an explosive for ignition is disposed, and the blast and the fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the explosion of the ignition explosive and the burning of the solid fire extinguisher accompanying the ignition A combustion pressurizing part that pressurizes
When a fire associated with an abnormality of the lithium-ion battery is detected, the ignition explosive is detonated to burn the solid fire extinguisher, and the powder fire extinguisher is pressurized by a blast and a fire extinguishing aerosol generated along with the fire extinguisher. A fire extinguishing control unit that discharges the powder fire extinguishing agent from the head unit to the battery housing unit via the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe;
With
The combustion pressurizing part is
An isolation compartment isolated by a partition wall from the powder fire extinguisher filled in the container;
Disposed in the isolation area, the fire extinguishing agent storage portion which is open at the other end accommodates the solid extinguishing agent arranged the ignition explosive with closing the one end,
A flame ejection preventing member disposed on the opening side of the extinguishing agent storage unit;
A cavity part that is formed following the flame ejection preventing member, a blast generated by the explosion of the ignition gunpowder and a fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid fire extinguishing agent is discharged through the flame ejection preventing member,
A nozzle hole that is formed in the partition wall of the cavity and discharges the blast and the fire-extinguishing aerosol released to the cavity to the powder-extinguishing agent filling side and pressurizes the fire-extinguishing powder while stirring the fire-extinguishing agent powder ;
A fire extinguisher characterized by comprising:
In a fire extinguishing device that extinguishes fire by providing a plurality of lithium ion batteries in a power storage device that is arranged and stored in a battery storage part in a storage container ,
A container filled with powder extinguishing agent;
A fire extinguisher discharge pipe for opening one end to the inside of the container and opening the other end to the outside of the container to discharge the powder fire extinguisher filled in the container to the outside;
A sealing member that is disposed in an internal opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe and is torn by pressurization of the powder extinguishing agent;
A head part mounted on an external opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe, and discharging a powder fire extinguishing agent to the battery housing;
The powder fire extinguisher is disposed inside the container and has a solid fire extinguisher in which an explosive for ignition is disposed, and the blast and the fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the explosion of the ignition explosive and the burning of the solid fire extinguisher accompanying the ignition A combustion pressurizing part that pressurizes
When a fire associated with an abnormality of the lithium-ion battery is detected, the ignition explosive is detonated to burn the solid fire extinguisher, and the powder fire extinguisher is pressurized by a blast and a fire extinguishing aerosol generated along with the fire extinguisher. A fire extinguishing control unit that discharges the powder fire extinguishing agent from the head unit to the battery housing unit via the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe;
With
The fire extinguishing control unit
A fire detection unit for detecting a fire associated with an abnormality of the lithium ion battery;
When a fire is detected by the fire detection unit or when an ignition control signal is input from the outside, an ignition circuit unit that initiates the ignition explosive by energizing heating of the heater, and
A connector connected with a signal line between the ignition circuit unit,
A plug that is detachably provided on the connector, and that connects the signal line from the fire detection unit and the signal line drawn out of the storage container to the connector;
A battery power supply for supplying power to the ignition circuit unit;
A fire extinguisher characterized by comprising:
In a fire extinguishing device provided in a power storage device in which a plurality of lithium ion batteries are arranged and stored in a battery storage part in a storage container ,
A container filled with powder extinguishing agent;
A fire extinguisher discharge pipe for opening one end to the inside of the container and opening the other end to the outside of the container to discharge the powder fire extinguisher filled in the container to the outside;
A sealing member that is disposed in an internal opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe and is torn by pressurization of the powder extinguishing agent;
A head part mounted on an external opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe, and discharging a powder fire extinguishing agent to the battery housing;
A combustion pressurizing unit that is disposed inside the container and pressurizes the powder fire extinguisher with a fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of a solid fire extinguisher;
When a fire associated with an abnormality of the lithium ion battery is detected, the powder fire extinguisher is pressurized by a fire extinguishing aerosol generated by burning the solid fire extinguisher, and the head part is passed through the fire extinguisher discharge pipe. A fire extinguishing control unit for discharging a powder fire extinguishing agent to the battery housing unit;
With
The combustion pressurizing part is
An isolation compartment isolated by a partition wall from the powder fire extinguisher filled in the container;
A fire extinguisher storage portion that is disposed in the isolation compartment, closes one end and opens the other end to store the solid fire extinguisher;
A flame ejection preventing member disposed on the opening side of the extinguishing agent storage unit;
A cavity part that is formed following the flame ejection preventing member, and a fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of the solid extinguishing agent is discharged through the flame ejection preventing member,
Is formed on the partition wall of the cavity, the blast and fire extinguishing aerosol released into the cavity to release the filled side of the said powder fire extinguishing agent, a nozzle hole for pressurizing while stirring the extinguishing agent powder,
A fire extinguisher characterized by comprising:
In a fire extinguishing device provided in a power storage device in which a plurality of lithium ion batteries are arranged and stored in a battery storage part in a storage container ,
A container filled with powder extinguishing agent;
A fire extinguisher discharge pipe for opening one end to the inside of the container and opening the other end to the outside of the container to discharge the powder fire extinguisher filled in the container to the outside;
A sealing member that is disposed in an internal opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe and is torn by pressurization of the powder extinguishing agent;
A head part mounted on an external opening of the fire extinguishing agent discharge pipe, and discharging a powder fire extinguishing agent to the battery housing;
A combustion pressurizing unit that is disposed inside the container and pressurizes the powder fire extinguisher with a fire extinguishing aerosol generated by the combustion of a solid fire extinguisher;
When a fire associated with an abnormality of the lithium ion battery is detected, the powder fire extinguisher is pressurized by a fire extinguishing aerosol generated by burning the solid fire extinguisher, and the head part is passed through the fire extinguisher discharge pipe. A fire extinguishing control unit for discharging a powder fire extinguishing agent to the battery housing unit;
With
The fire extinguishing control unit
A fire detection unit for detecting a fire associated with an abnormality of the lithium ion battery;
When a fire is detected by the fire detection unit or when an ignition control signal is input from the outside, an ignition circuit unit that burns the solid fire extinguisher by energization heating of a heater;
A connector connected with a signal line between the ignition circuit unit,
A plug that is detachably provided on the connector, and that connects the signal line from the fire detection unit and the signal line drawn out of the storage container to the connector;
A battery power supply for supplying power to the ignition circuit unit;
A fire extinguisher characterized by comprising:
The fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1 or 3 , wherein the container has the same shape as the lithium ion battery and is disposed at an empty position of the battery storage unit.
4. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1 or 3 , wherein the fire extinguishing apparatus is disposed outside or inside a storage container of the lithium ion battery.
In the fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 2 or 4 ,
The fire detection unit is a heat sensing cable that lays in the storage container from the housing and contacts the pair of signal wires in a short-circuited state by melting the insulating coating when receiving heat from the fire,
When the short circuit of the heat sensing cable is detected, the ignition circuit unit ignites the ignition explosive by energizing and heating the heater and ignites or burns the solid extinguisher to burn. .
8. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the heat sensing cable is laid so as to cross the vicinity of all the lithium ion batteries housed and arranged in the housing container.
5. The fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the ignition circuit unit ignites and ignites the ignition gunpowder by energization heating of the heater or ignites and burns the solid fire extinguisher. And a fire extinguishing device which outputs a fire extinguishing start signal to the outside through the connector and the plug.

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