JP5980191B2 - Numerical controller - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a numerical control (NC) device for controlling a machine tool, and more particularly to a numerical control device for controlling a multi-task machine.

  As machine tools controlled by a numerical controller become multifunctional and complicated, turning (work is rotated and processed with a fixed tool) and milling (work is fixed and processed with a rotating tool) on the same machine An increasing number of multi-task machines can perform both processes. In general, a turning tool is used when turning, and a milling tool is used when milling. When turning, the coordinate position, dimension, and command with respect to an axis orthogonal to the rotation axis of the workpiece are designated by a diameter value. This is because the numerical values on the drawing can be directly described in the machining program. Designating the coordinate position, dimension, and command with respect to an arbitrary axis in this way by the diameter value is called diameter designation. On the other hand, designating the coordinate position, dimension, and command for an arbitrary axis with a radius value is called radius designation. The coordinate position, dimension, and command of the axis designated by the diameter are represented by a value twice that of the axis designated by the radius.

  In general, whether to specify a diameter or a radius for each axis is uniquely determined by a parameter. For this reason, when a machining program created with a diameter designation and a machining program created with a radius designation are combined as one machining program, or the designation set by a parameter is a radius designation with respect to a numerical designation apparatus with a diameter designation. When the created machining program is executed, it is necessary to rewrite the machining program, which is very troublesome.

  As means for solving such a problem, a method of switching the designation of each axis with a G code has been proposed (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP-A-2-247702 JP-A-9-81222

  However, in the above conventional technique, it is necessary to instruct a G code for switching the diameter designation and the radius designation in the machining program, and there is no change in the trouble of changing the machining program.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is possible to easily process a desired shape without having to change the processing program and without being aware of whether the diameter is specified or the radius is specified. An object of the present invention is to obtain a numerical control device that can be used.

  In order to achieve the above object, a numerical control device according to the present invention is a numerical control device for a machine tool capable of setting a diameter designation or a radius designation for each linear axis. A tool designation information storage unit for storing tool designation information indicating whether a value corresponding to the linear axis designated by the command to be specified is a diameter designation or a radius designation; and when a tool selection instruction is input, the tool selection instruction The tool designation information corresponding to the tool selected in the tool designation information storage unit is read from the tool designation information storage unit and output as valid designation information. When a movement command is input, the movement is performed according to the validity designation information. A movement command conversion unit that outputs a converted movement command that performs command conversion, and a movement amount that generates a movement amount for each control cycle from the converted movement command and outputs the movement amount to the servo amplifier. A generating unit, characterized in that it comprises a.

  According to the present invention, when selecting a tool by a machining program or manual operation, the selected tool designation information is selected according to the tool selection command, and whether the value set for the linear axis in the movement command is a diameter designation or a radius designation is automatically determined. Since they are switched, there is an effect that a machining program in which one or both of the diameter designation and the radius designation are mixed can be executed without changing.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of how to set the coordinate axes of a machine tool according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the numerical controller according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a tool information setting screen. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a machining program executed by the numerical control device. FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing procedure in the valid designation information determination unit according to the first embodiment. Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing procedure in the mobile command conversion unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the numerical controller according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing procedure in the valid designation information determination unit according to the second embodiment.

  Exemplary embodiments of a numerical controller according to the present invention will be explained below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of how to set the coordinate axes of a machine tool according to the first embodiment. The spindle 21 is provided with a chuck 22, and a workpiece 23 to be processed is held on the chuck 22. Turning is performed by bringing the turning tool 26 into contact with the workpiece 23 while rotating the spindle 21. In addition, milling is performed by fixing the C axis at an arbitrary angle and bringing the milling tool 25 into contact with the workpiece 23 while rotating.

  In the program coordinate system 24 when machining the workpiece 23, the axis direction of the main shaft 21 is the Z axis, and the end surface of the workpiece 23 opposite to the end surface held by the chuck 22 is perpendicular to the Z axis. The direction parallel to the turning tool 26 (attachment direction) is taken as the X axis. A rotation axis parallel to the Z axis is defined as a C axis. For the X-axis, the direction in which the turning tool 26 is located with respect to the Z-axis is positive, the Z-axis is positive for the direction in which the work 23 is present from the main shaft 21, and the C-axis is positive for the direction of the right screw with respect to the positive direction of the Z-axis.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the numerical controller according to the first embodiment. The numerical control device 10 includes a tool designation information storage unit 11, a setting unit 12, a parameter storage unit 13, a valid designation information determination unit 14, a movement command conversion unit 15, and a movement amount generation unit 16.

  The tool designation information storage unit 11 stores tool designation information for designating whether each axis is designated for diameter or radius for each tool (such as a milling tool 25 or a turning tool 26) used in the machine tool. For example, tool designation information indicating whether the value of each axis included in the command in the machining program is a diameter designation or a radius designation is stored.

  The setting unit 12 has a function of setting (storing) the tool designation information for each tool input by the user in the tool designation information storage unit 11. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a tool information setting screen. The tool information setting screen 100 includes a tool number for identifying a tool to be registered, a tool name to be registered, and an item indicating whether a diameter is specified or a radius is specified for the X axis and the Z axis. In this example, information about the milling tool 25 is registered in the tool number (1), and information about the turning tool 26 is registered in the tool number (2). In the milling tool 25 with the tool number (1), [radius designation] is registered as tool designation information for both the X axis and the Z axis. In addition, in the turning tool 26 with the tool number (2), it is assumed that “diameter designation” is registered on the X axis and “radius designation” is registered on the Z axis as tool designation information. Since the C axis is not a linear axis but a rotation axis, no tool designation information is registered.

  The parameter storage unit 13 stores a parameter indicating whether each axis is a diameter specification or a radius specification when the tool specification information about the tool to be used is not stored in the tool specification information storage unit 11. For example, it is assumed that [Specify Diameter] is set as the parameter on the X axis and [Specify Radius] is set on the Z axis.

  Based on the tool selection command, the valid designation information determination unit 14 determines valid designation information indicating whether the value of each linear axis input as the movement command is a diameter designation or a radius designation, and converts the movement command. To the unit 15. Specifically, whether the tool designation information storage unit 11 has tool designation information (hereinafter referred to as selected tool designation information) corresponding to the tool selected by the tool selection command input from the machining program or by manual operation. If there is, the selected tool designation information is passed to the movement command conversion unit 15 as valid designation information. If the selected tool designation information is not in the tool designation information storage unit 11, the parameter set in the parameter storage unit 13 is passed to the movement command conversion unit 15 as valid designation information.

  The movement command conversion unit 15 converts the value of the movement command in the machining program according to the valid designation information received from the valid designation information determination unit 14 and generates a converted movement command. The movement command conversion unit 15 performs a diameter designation and a radius designation conversion on a value related to the linear axis in the movement command.

  The movement amount generator 16 calculates a movement amount for each control period from the converted movement command and outputs the movement amount to the servo amplifier 20.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, for each tool used in advance, tool designation information indicating whether each axis (linear axis) is designated as a diameter or a radius is stored, and tool selection in the machining program is performed. The selected tool designation information corresponding to the command is extracted, and the tool designation information is set as valid designation information. Then, the radius and diameter values in the machining program are processed according to the valid designation information. This eliminates the need to add a G code indicating whether the diameter is designated or the radius is designated in the machining program.

  Next, the operation of the numerical controller according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a machining program executed by the numerical control device. As shown in this figure, the machining program 110 includes a tool selection command and a movement command. The command N1 of the machining program 110 is a tool selection command for exchanging the tool with the milling tool 25. The command N2 is a movement command to X: 45, Z: -40. The command N3 is a movement command to X: 60, Z: 100. The command N4 is a tool selection command for exchanging the tool with the turning tool 26. It is a movement command to command N5, X: 60, Z: 50.

  Below, the case where it processes based on the processing program 110 shown in FIG. 4 is demonstrated. Here, as a precondition, any movement command in the machining program 110 is an absolute value command in the program coordinate system 24. The absolute value command is to move to the position commanded by the move command regardless of the current position. Further, it is assumed that [diameter designation] is set for the X axis and [radius designation] is set for the Z axis as parameters.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the machining program 110 is a combination of a tool selection command and a movement command. First, the numerical controller 10 reads and executes a tool selection command of the machining program 110. At this time, the contents of the tool selection command are input to the valid designation information determination unit 14. Then, the valid designation information determination unit 14 performs a determination process for determining whether the numerical value in the movement command is used as the diameter value or the radius value.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing procedure in the valid designation information determination unit according to the first embodiment. As described above, when receiving the tool selection command, the valid designation information determination unit 14 determines whether the tool designation information storage unit 11 has selected tool designation information corresponding to the tool selected by the tool selection command (step S11). ). When the selected tool designation information of the selected tool is in the tool designation information storage unit 11 (Yes in step S11), the selected tool designation information is read from the tool designation information storage unit 11 (step S12), and valid designation information is obtained. Is selected tool designation information read (step S13).

  On the other hand, when the selected tool designation information of the tool selected in step S11 is not in the tool designation information storage unit 11 (No in step S11), the parameter is read from the parameter storage unit 13 (step S14), and valid designation information is obtained. Is the read parameter (step S15).

  Thereafter or after step S13, the valid designation information is output to the movement command conversion unit 15 (step S16), and the process is terminated.

  After the tool selection command is executed, the numerical controller 10 reads and executes the next movement command in the machining program 110. At this time, the content of the movement command is input to the movement command conversion unit 15, and conversion processing for each axis is performed according to the valid designation information.

Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing procedure in the mobile command conversion unit according to the first embodiment. First, the movement command conversion unit 15 determines whether or not valid designation information is input from the valid designation information determination unit 14 (step S31). If valid designation information has been input (Yes in step S31), the valid designation information is updated using the valid designation information input (step S32).

  After that or when there is no input of valid designation information in step S31 (in the case of No in step S31), a change process for each axis of the movement command is performed. Here, while there is no input of valid designation information from the valid designation information determination unit 14, conversion processing is performed using the valid designation information input last, and valid designation information is input from the valid designation information determination unit 14. If there is, the conversion process is performed using the input valid designation information.

  In the change processing for each axis of the movement command, it is determined whether or not the input movement command is for the linear axis (step S33). If the input movement command is for a linear axis (Yes in step S33), it is determined whether the valid designation information of the relevant axis is [radius designation] (step S34). When the effective designation information of the corresponding axis is [radius designation] (Yes in step S34), the input movement command is directly used as the converted movement command (step S35). Further, when the effective designation information of the corresponding axis is not [radius designation], that is, [diameter designation] (in the case of No in step S34), the input movement command multiplied by 1/2 is moved after conversion. A command is set (step S36). Thereafter or after step S35, the post-conversion movement command is output to the movement amount generation unit 16 (step S37).

  If the input movement command is not for the linear axis in step S33 (No in step S33), the input movement command is output to the movement amount generator 16 as a converted movement command ( Step S38).

  The processes in steps S33 to S38 described above are performed for each axis, and when the process is completed for all axes, the process in the movement command conversion unit 15 is terminated.

  As described above, the valid designation information determination unit 14 and the movement command conversion unit 15 of the numerical control device 10 operate. Therefore, hereinafter, an operation when the machining program shown in FIG. 4 is executed will be described.

  First, the numerical controller 10 reads and executes the command N1 of the machining program 110. When the command N1 is executed, the valid designation information determination unit 14 reads the selected tool designation information of the milling tool 25 from the tool designation information set in the tool designation information storage unit 11 in advance. As shown in FIG. 3, the selected tool designation information of the milling tool 25 is [radius designation] for both the X axis and the Z axis. Then, the movement command conversion unit 15 updates the valid designation information with this selected tool designation information.

  Next, when the command N2 is executed, when a movement command for moving the milling tool 25 to X: 45, Z: -40 is input to the movement command conversion unit 15, the effective designation information is set to [radius] for both the X axis and the Z axis. Therefore, the movement command of X: 45, Z: -40 is output to the movement amount generation unit 16 as it is as a converted movement command. Then, the movement amount generation unit 16 calculates the movement amount for each control period from the converted movement command, and outputs the movement amount to the servo amplifier 20. As a result, the milling tool 25 moves to the positions of X: 45 and Z: -40.

  Thereafter, when the command N3 is executed, when a movement command for moving the milling tool 25 to X: 60 and Z: 100 is input to the movement command conversion unit 15, the processing is performed in the same manner as in the case of the command N2, and the milling tool 25 is It moves to the position of X: 60, Z: 100.

  Next, when the command N4 is executed, a tool selection command for the turning tool 26 is input to the valid designation information determination unit 14. Selected tool designation information of the turning tool 26 is output from the valid designation information determination unit 14 to the movement command conversion unit 15 as valid designation information. In other words, the effective designation information at this time is [diameter designation] for the X axis and [radius designation] for the Z axis. In the movement command conversion unit 15, since the valid designation information is input from the valid designation information determination unit 14, the valid designation information is updated.

  Thereafter, when the command N5 is executed, in the movement command conversion unit 15, since the X axis is [diameter designation] and the Z axis is [radius designation] in the movement command conversion unit 15, in response to the movement command of X: 60, Z: 50 Then, the post-conversion movement command of X: 30 and Z: 50 is output to the movement amount generation unit 16. Thereafter, similarly to the case of the command N2, the turning tool 26 moves to the positions of X: 30 and Z: 50.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, tool designation information is set in advance in the tool designation information storage unit 11 for each tool, and when a tool selection command is input, a selection corresponding to the selected tool is selected. The tool designation information is read from the tool designation information storage unit 11 and output to the movement command conversion unit 15 as valid designation information. As a result, the movement command conversion unit 15 can convert the value related to the linear axis in the input movement command according to the valid designation information. As a result, the designation of each axis is automatically switched according to the target machining, so machining according to the machining program can be executed without rewriting the machining program created with different specifications. Have.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the numerical controller according to the second embodiment. In this numerical control device 10, the effective designation information determining unit 14 of the numerical control device 10 according to the first embodiment accepts a tool designation information valid signal in addition to the tool selection command, and is implemented when the tool designation information valid signal is ON. The operation is the same as that in the first mode, and when the tool designation information valid signal is OFF, the parameter set in the parameter storage unit 13 is output to the movement command conversion unit 15 as valid designation information. That is, when the tool designation information valid signal is OFF, even when a tool selection command is input and the tool designation information corresponding to the tool is stored in the tool designation information storage unit 11, the parameter storage unit 13 always stores the tool designation information valid signal. Set the stored parameters as valid specification information. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component same as Embodiment 1, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing procedure in the valid designation information determination unit according to the second embodiment. First, the valid designation information determination unit 14 determines whether or not the tool designation information valid signal is ON (step S51). When the tool designation information valid signal is ON (Yes in step S51), as described in steps S11 to S16 in FIG. 5 of the first embodiment, the selected tool designation information corresponding to the received tool selection command. Is stored in the tool designation information storage unit 11, the selected tool designation information is used as valid designation information. If the selected tool designation information is not stored, the parameter in the parameter storage unit 13 is designated as valid designation information. Then, the process of outputting the valid designation information to the movement command conversion unit 15 is performed (steps S52 to S57).

  When the tool designation information valid signal is OFF (No in step S51), the valid designation information determination unit 14 reads the parameter from the parameter storage unit 13 (step S55) and sets the parameter as valid designation information ( In step S56, the valid designation information is output to the movement command conversion unit 15 (step S57). Thus, the process ends.

  Note that the processing in the movement command conversion unit 15 is the same as that described in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, when the tool designation information valid signal is OFF, the movement command conversion unit 15 uses the parameters set in the parameter storage unit 13 in the valid designation information determination unit 14 as valid designation information. Output to. As a result, the specification set in the parameter storage unit 13 becomes valid as before, and it is effective when, for example, you want to perform machining with the parameters specified at the time of machine shipment to execute macros created by the machine manufacturer. is there.

  As described above, the numerical controller according to the present invention is useful for a multi-tasking machine capable of performing both turning and milling.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Numerical control apparatus, 11 Tool designation | designated information storage part, 12 Setting part, 13 Parameter storage part, 14 Effective designation | designated information determination part, 15 Movement command conversion part, 16 Movement amount generation part, 20 Servo amplifier, 21 Spindle, 22 Chuck, 23 Workpiece, 24 Program coordinate system, 25 Milling tool, 26 Turning tool, 100 Tool information setting screen, 110 Machining program.

Claims (4)

In the numerical control system of machine tools that can set the diameter designation or radius designation for each linear axis,
A tool designation information storage unit for storing tool designation information indicating whether a value corresponding to the linear axis designated by an input command is a diameter designation or a radius designation for a tool provided in the machine tool;
When a tool selection command is input, an effective designation information determination unit that reads tool designation information corresponding to the tool selected by the tool selection command from the tool designation information storage unit, and outputs it as valid designation information;
When a movement command is input, a movement command conversion unit that outputs a converted movement command obtained by converting the movement command according to the valid designation information;
A movement amount generation unit that generates a movement amount for each control cycle from the converted movement command and outputs the movement amount to a servo amplifier;
A numerical control device comprising: A parameter storage unit for storing a parameter indicating whether a value corresponding to the linear axis specified by the command is a diameter specification or a radius specification;
When the tool designation information corresponding to the tool selected by the tool selection command is not in the tool designation information storage unit , the valid designation information determination unit determines the parameter stored in the parameter storage unit as the parameter The numerical control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the numerical control apparatus outputs the information as valid designation information.   The valid designation information determination unit receives an input of a tool designation information valid signal indicating whether the tool designation information corresponding to the tool selected by the tool selection command can be read, and indicates that the tool designation information cannot be read. The numerical control device according to claim 2, wherein when the tool designation information valid signal is input, the parameter stored in the parameter storage unit is output as the valid designation information. The movement command conversion unit outputs a value obtained by halving the value of the input movement command for the linear axis set to the diameter designation as the post-conversion movement command and sets the radius designation. 4. The linear movement axis according to claim 1, wherein the converted movement command is output as it is with respect to the linear axis that has been input. Numerical control unit.

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