JP5963743B2 - Cnsターゲティングaavベクターおよびその使用方法 - Google Patents
Cnsターゲティングaavベクターおよびその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
Description
本出願は、米国特許法第119条(e)項の下、2010年4月23日出願の、「CNS Targeting AAV Vectors and Methods of Use Thereof」と題する、米国仮特許出願第61/327,627号明細書の利益を主張し、その全内容を参照により本明細書に援用する。
アデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)は、細胞中で増殖するために、アデノウイルスまたはヘルペスウイルス等の、第2のウイルスの存在に依存する、小さい(26nm)複製欠損、非エンベロープウイルスである。AAV疾病を引き起こさないことが知られており、非常に穏やかな免疫応答を誘発する。AAVは、分裂細胞も非分裂細胞も感染させることができ、そのゲノムを宿主細胞のゲノムに組み込むことが可能である。本発明の態様は、組み換えAAVに基づいた遺伝子移入を使用して、導入遺伝子を対象のCNS組織に送達する方法を提供する。したがって、CNS関連の障害を治療するための方法および組成物が本明細書で提供される。本発明のさらなる態様は、対象のCNS組織全体にわたって広範な分布を達成するAAVの発見に基づく。いくつかの実施態様で、rAAVは、たとえば、髄腔内注射および/または脳内注射によって脳脊髄液(CSF)中に直接投与した後、CNS組織全体にわたって広がる。他の実施態様で、rAAVは、静脈内投与後、血管脳関門を越えて対象のCNS組織全体にわたって広範な分布を達成する。このようなrAAVは、たとえば、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)およびカナバン病(CD)を含む、CNS関連の障害の治療に有用である。
導入遺伝子を対象の中枢神経系(CNS)組織に送達する方法が本明細書で提供される。本方法は一般に、対象で導入遺伝子を発現するための核酸ベクターを含むrAAVの有効量を対象に投与することを含む。rAAVの「有効量」は、対象の標的組織の十分な数の細胞を感染させるのに十分な量である。rAAVの有効量は、対象で治療効果を有するのに十分な量、たとえば、対象の寿命を延ばす、対象において疾病の1つ以上の症状、たとえば、ALSの症状、カナバン病の症状等を改善するのに十分な量であってもよい。場合によっては、rAAVの有効量は、安定した体細胞トランスジェニック動物モデルを作るのに十分な量であってもよい。有効量は、たとえば、対象の種、年令、体重、健康状態、ターゲットされるCNS組織等の、種々の要因に左右され、したがって対象および組織によって異なるであろう。有効量は投与方法によっても左右されるであろう。たとえば、血管内注射によるCNS組織のターゲティングは、場合によっては、髄腔内注射または脳内注射によるCNS組織のターゲティングとは異なる(たとえば、より高い)用量を必要とする可能性がある。場合によっては、rAAVの多回投与が行われる。有効量は使用されるrAAVによっても左右されるであろう。たとえば、CNS組織をターゲットするための投与量は、rAAVの血清型(たとえば、カプシドタンパク質)によって左右されるであろう。たとえば、rAAVは、AAV1、AAV2、AAV5、AAV6、AAV6.2、AAV7、AAV8、AAV9、rh.10、rh.39、rh.43およびCSp3からなる群から選択されるAAV血清型のカプシドタンパク質を有していてもよい。ある実施態様で、rAAVの有効量は、kg当たり1010、1011、1012、1013、または1014ゲノムコピーである。ある実施態様で、rAAVの有効量は、対象当たり1010、1011、1012、1013、1014、または1015ゲノムコピーである。
本明細書で使用されるとき、用語「血管内投与」は、対象の静脈循環系および動脈循環系を含む、対象の血管系への、作用剤、たとえば、rAAVを含む組成物の、投与を指す。一般に、CNS組織をターゲットするために、血管脳関門を越えるrAAVを、血管内投与により送達することが可能である。場合によっては、血管内(たとえば、静脈内)投与は、他の投与形態(たとえば、髄腔内、脳内)より大量の使用を容易にすることもある。したがって、血管内(たとえば、静脈内)投与によって、一度に大量のrAAV(たとえば、最高1015GC/対象)を送達できる。血管内投与の方法は、当該技術分野で周知であり、たとえば、皮下注射針、末梢カテーテル、中心静脈ライン等の使用を含む。
本明細書で使用されるとき、用語「髄腔内投与」は、作用剤、たとえば、rAAVを含む組成物の、脊柱管への投与を指す。たとえば、髄腔内投与は、脊柱管の頚部、脊柱管の胸部、または脊柱管の腰部における注射を含むであろう。一般に、髄腔内投与は、作用剤、たとえば、rAAVを含む組成物を、脊柱管のくも膜と軟膜との間の領域である、脊柱管のくも膜下腔(subarachnoid cavity,subarachnoid space)に注射することにより実施される。くも膜下腔は、小柱(くも膜から伸びて軟膜に融合する繊細な結合組織フィラメント)からなる海綿状組織、および脳脊髄液が入っている相互通信チャネルで占められている。いくつかの実施態様で、髄腔内投与は、脊髄血管系への投与ではない。
CNS関連の障害を治療するための方法および組成物が本明細書で提供される。本明細書で使用されるとき、「CNS関連の障害」は、中枢神経系の疾患や病態である。CNS関連の障害は、脊髄(たとえば、脊髄症)、脳(たとえば、脳症)または脳および脊髄を取り囲んでいる組織を冒す可能性がある。CNS関連の障害は、遺伝性であれ、体細胞の突然変異を介して獲得されたのであれ、遺伝的原因による可能性がある。CNS関連の障害は、心理状態または心理的障害、たとえば、注意欠陥多動性障害、自閉症スペクトラム障害、気分障害、統合失調症、抑鬱、レット症候群等であってもよい。CNS関連の障害は自己免疫障害であってもよい。CNS関連の障害はまた、CNSの癌、たとえば、脳腫瘍であってもよい。癌であるCNS関連の障害は、CNSの原発癌、たとえば、星状細胞腫、膠芽腫等であってもよく、またCNS組織に転移した癌、たとえば、脳に転移した肺癌であってもよい。CNS関連障害の、さらなる非限定的な例としては、パーキンソン病、リソソーム蓄積症、虚血、神経因性疼痛、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)、多発性硬化症(MS)、およびカナバン病(CD)等がある。
いくつかの態様で、本発明は単離されたAAVを提供する。AAVに関して本明細書で使用されるとき、用語「単離された」は、その自然環境から(たとえば、宿主細胞、組織、または対象から)単離されているかまたは人為的に作り出されたAAVを指す。単離されたAAVは、組み換え方法を使用して作り出すことが可能である。このようなAAVを、本明細書では「組み換えAAV」と呼ぶ。組み換えAAV(rAAV)は好ましくは、rAAVの導入遺伝子が1つ以上の所定の組織に特異的に送達されるように、組織特異的ターゲティング能を有する。AAVカプシドは、これらの組織特異的ターゲティング能を決定する上で重要な要素である。したがって、ターゲットしようとしている組織に適したカプシドを有するrAAVを選択できる。いくつかの実施態様で、rAAVは、配列番号1〜12のいずれか1つで示されるようなアミノ酸配列を有するカプシドタンパク質か、またはそれと実質的な相同性を有するタンパク質を含む。
本発明の「組み換えAAV(rAAV)ベクター」は一般に、最低限で、導入遺伝子およびその制御配列、ならびに5’および3’AAV逆方向末端反復(ITR)からなる。カプシドタンパク質にパッケージされ、選択された標的細胞に送達されるのは、この組み換えAAVベクターである。いくつかの実施態様で、導入遺伝子は、対象の、ポリペプチド、タンパク質、機能性RNA分子(たとえば、miRNA、miRNAインヒビター)または他の遺伝子産物をコードする、ベクター配列に非相同な核酸配列である。核酸コード配列は、標的組織の細胞で導入遺伝子転写、翻訳、および/または発現を可能にする方法で、効果を生むように制御構成要素に連結される。
rAAVベクターの導入遺伝子配列の組成は、結果として生じるベクターの用途によって異なるであろう。たとえば、ある種の導入遺伝子配列は、発現に際して検出可能な信号を生じるレポーター配列を含む。別の例で、導入遺伝子は治療用タンパク質または治療用機能性RNAをコードしている。別の例で、導入遺伝子は、調査研究目的に、たとえば、導入遺伝子を持つ体細胞トランスジェニック動物モデルを作るために、たとえば、導入遺伝子産物の機能を研究するために、使用されることを目的とするタンパク質または機能性RNAをコードする。別の例で、導入遺伝子は、疾病の動物モデルを作るために使用されることを目的とするタンパク質または機能性RNAをコードする。適切な導入遺伝子コード配列は熟練技術者に明らかになるであろう。
rAAVSは、所望の組織の細胞を形質移入し、過度の有害作用なしに、十分なレベルの遺伝子移入および発現を提供するのに十分な量で投与される。従来の、薬学的に許容される投与経路は選択された組織への直接送達(たとえば、脳内投与、髄腔内投与)、静脈内、経口、吸入(鼻腔内送達および気管内送達を含む)、眼内、静脈内、筋肉内、皮下、皮内、腫瘍内、および他の親投与経路を含むが、これに限定されない。投与経路は、必要に応じて組み合わせてもよい。
rAAVは、当該技術分野で知られている適切な方法に従って、組成物の状態で対象に送達することが可能である。好ましくは生理学的に適合する担体中に懸濁された(たとえば、組成物の状態で)rAAVを、対象、たとえば、ヒト、マウス、ラット、ネコ、イヌ、ヒツジ、ウサギ、ウマ、ウシ、ヤギ、ブタ、モルモット、ハムスター、ニワトリ、七面鳥、または非ヒト霊長類(たとえば、マカク)に投与することが可能である。本発明の組成物は、rAAVを単独で含んでもよく、また1つ以上の他のウイルス(たとえば、1つ以上の異なる導入遺伝子をコードしている第2のrAAV)と組み合わせて含んでもよい。いくつかの実施態様で、組成物は、それぞれ1つ以上の異なる導入遺伝子を有する1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、またはそれより多い異なるrAAVを含む。
本明細書に記載の薬剤は、いくつかの実施態様で、治療用途、診断用途調査研究用途での使用を容易にするために調剤キットまたは診断キットまたは調査研究キットに組み立てることが可能である。キットは、本発明の構成要素および使用説明書を収納する1つ以上の容器を含む。具体的には、このようなキットは、本明細書に記載の1つ以上の薬剤を、こうした薬剤の所期の用途および適切な使用を説明する説明書と一緒に含む。ある実施態様で、キット内の薬剤は、医薬製剤の状態でありかつ薬剤のある特定の用途および投与方法に好適な投与量であってもよい。調査研究目的のキットは、構成要素を、様々な実験の実行に適切な濃度または量で含むことが可能である。
異なる血清型の、12のscAAVEGFPベクター、または自然変異体の、CNS遺伝子移入特性を評価した。血管脳関門(BBB)を越えて乏突起膠細胞をターゲットするRAAVが発見された。実験は、新生仔マウス(1日令)および成体マウス(10週令)(C57BL/6)で実施した。以下のAAV血清型を試験した:AAV1、AAV2、AAV5、AAV6、AAV6.2、AAV7、AAV8、AAV9、rh.10(本明細書ではAAVrh.10とも呼ばれる)、rh.39、rh.43、CSp3。
カナバン病(CD)は、アスパルトアシラーゼ遺伝子(ASPA)における突然変異に起因する遺伝性の神経変性障害であって、乏突起膠細胞におけるN−アセチル−アスパラギン酸(NAA)の蓄積につながり、結果として脳内の白質の海綿状変性を生じる。CDのためのrAAV2に基づいたASPA遺伝子療法に関する最初の臨床試験は、非常に限られた成功をおさめた。理論に束縛されることを望むことなく、有効なCD遺伝子療法は、CNS全体にわたって乏突起膠細胞を形質導入するであろうと確信される。
CDのマウスモデルはC57BL/6由来のASPA遺伝子KO株である。ホモ接合KO動物は、CD患者で認められるものと類似した生化学的欠陥および神経学的欠陥を呈する。CDマウスは、CDを治療するための遺伝子療法および他の治療法を評価するための動物モデルを提供する。CDマウスは、CDを治療するための新規な遺伝子療法戦略の有効性および安全性を試験するために使用される。
治療効果および安全性を試験するために、最適化ASPA発現カセットを担持するscAAVベクター(たとえば、AAV7、AAV8、CSp3およびAAV9)を、CDの前臨床遺伝子療法治験で調査する。ベクターは、非CNS組織におけるASPA発現を抑制するために、miRNA結合部位を含む。出生後1日令と3カ月令の成体との両動物を、2つの用量(1×1014GC/kgおよび3×1014GC/kg)の各ベクターで、静脈内投与により処置する。新生仔CDマウスについては、1か月および3カ月の時点でそれぞれ同腹子1匹を剖検するため、同腹子2匹が側頭の静脈注射により、各用量の各ベクターを受ける。3か月令の成体CDマウスについては、12匹のオス動物を、尾静脈注射により、各用量の各ベクターで処置する。1カ月後および3カ月後に、各6匹の処置動物を剖検する。さらなる実験で、出生後1日と3カ月令の成体との両動物を、直接脳室内投与によって、1011〜1012GC/対象の範囲の用量のベクターで処置する。
1).NAA代謝。14日、30日、45日、60日、75日、および90日に、処置動物、未処置対照動物、および野生型動物から尿試料を採取する。試料をHPLCで分析してNAAを決定する。
1).脳組織および非CNS組織におけるASPA活性。脳組織、肝組織、心組織および膵組織を剖検時に採取してそれぞれの組織ホモジネート中のASAP活性を測定することにより、ASPAの的確な発現および的外れな発現を分析する。
2).脳白質病理および肝臓病理。遺伝子療法に起因する脳白質病理およびベクター関連の肝毒性の潜在的改善を検査するために、脳組織および肝組織を採取して固定し、パラフィン包埋して薄切し、ヘマトキシリンおよびエオシンで染色する。病理学者により組織病理学的検査を実施する。
CNSに治療遺伝子移入する候補を同定するために、様々なAAV血清型のスクリーンを開発した。EGFPを発現する組み換えAAVベクターを構築した。rAAVベクターを、4つの異なるAAV(AAV1、AAV8、AAV9およびAAV10)にパッケージした。成体マウスには、腰位のCSF中にAAVを注射した。AAV1、AAV8およびAAV9は、〜4.8×1010粒子の投与後、脊髄の腰部の注射部位付近の細胞のみを形質導入した。意外なことに、AAVrh.10は、AAV1、AAV8およびAAV9と同じ注射プロトコールおよび投与量の後、脊髄全体に沿った灰白質および脳幹の細胞を形質導入した(図4A)。近年、AAV9は、静脈内注射後、血管脳関門(BBB)を越えて脊髄細胞を形質導入することが証明された。弱い信号が小脳で観測され、また強い信号が脳幹および脊髄で観測された。(小脳と同様の)弱い信号が、前脳でも観測された。理論に束縛されることを望むことなく、CSFの流れおよび拡散は、脊髄全体に沿ったウイルスの広がりを可能にするが、ウイルスの流れて拡散する能力はウイルスのカプシドの構造に依存すると考えられる。形質導入される細胞型には、神経細胞および乏突起膠細胞が含まれる。しかし、EGFPとGFAP陽性細胞のオーバーラップから分かるように、大部分は星状細胞のようである(図4B)。小膠細胞マーカー、Iba−1との実質的なオーバーラップは認められなかった。EGFP発現とNeuN染色とのオーバーラップから分かるように、多くの運動ニューロンが形質導入された。星状細胞の中で、灰白質内に位置しているもののみが形質導入され、白質内および軟膜下に位置しているものは形質導入されなかったことは意外であった。ウイルスは、くも膜下腔に投与されたので、こうした区域内の星状細胞に暴露された可能性があるため、このことは印象的であった。
ALSの治療法として、組み換えAAV系を開発した。SOD1をターゲットするマイクロRNAを発現するrAAVrh.10ベクターを構築した(図5A)。このマイクロRNAは、miR−SOD1と同定された。本構築物は、EGFPおよび3’−UTRのイントロンに位置するmiR−SOD1の発現を推進するために、CAG(CMVエンハンサーを含むニワトリβ−アクチンプロモーター)を使用した。
標準技法を使用して、大量のAAVrh.10−miR−SOD1およびAAVrh.10−miR−Scr(スクランブルmiRNA)を産生した。自己相補的AAV(scAAV)は、従来の一本鎖AAVより高い効率で形質導入を仲介する[14]ため、これを作った。scAAVrh.10をテストし、一本鎖AAVより急速に(1週間以内)かつ強くEGFPを発現することが分かった。
AAVウイルスを、腰部髄腔内注射および/または脳第三脳室注射により、マウスCSF中に注射した。マウス腰部くも膜下腔への注射は、Wu et al.[22]から改変した方法を使用して実施した。細いカテーテル(約5cm)は、PE10チューブを内径0.12mmまで伸ばすことによって作った。伸長した部分を1.7〜1.9mmに切り、チューブを加熱して加圧することにより、細い部分と太い部分の間にビーズ2個を(1mm離して)作った。カテーテルを埋め込むために、0.23ml/10g体重の腹腔内アベルチン(2% tert−アミルアルコール中1.2%2,2,2−トリブロモエタノールおよびPBS)注射でマウスを麻酔した[23]。次いで、カテーテルをL5椎骨とL6椎骨の間に埋め込んだ。ビーズが付いた区域で、カテーテルを表面筋肉に縫合した。4.80E+10ゲノムコピー(ウイルススクリーニング用、6μl中)から2.40E+10ゲノムコピー(治療用、8μl中)までの用量のウイルスを、2μl/分の速度で、Hamilton注射器により、カテーテルを介して注入した。カテーテルは、熱でその終端を密封し、適所に1日置いておいた。創傷は、クリップで閉じた。第三脳室への注射は、Stoelting Stereotaxic InstrumentおよびWorld PrecisionInstrumentsの微量注入ポンプを使用して、標準定位手技に従って実施した。同用量のウイルスを、速度1μl/分で第三脳室に注射した。
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本例の序文
本例は、完全に相補的なmiRNA−結合部位をrAAV9ゲノムの中に工作することによる、CNS外でのrAAV発現を抑制するための、組織特異的な、内因性マイクロRNA(miRNA)の使用を含む。本例は、血管脳関門を越えて、中枢神経系(CNS)に効率的でかつ安定した経血管遺伝子移入を達成できるが、ある特定の他の組織(たとえば、肝臓、心臓、骨格筋および他の組織)はターゲティング解除する、組み換えアデノ随伴ウイルス(rAAV)について説明する。本例に記載の手法は、内因性miRNA経路を検出可能なほど混乱させずに、同時多組織制御およびCNS−指向性の安定した導入遺伝子発現を可能にする。miRNAによるrAAV発現の制御は、主として導入遺伝子mRNAの部位特異的切断によるものであって、特異的5’フラグメントおよび特異的3’mRNAフラグメントを生成した。
miRNAは、培養細胞でレポーター遺伝子発現を効率よく抑制する。
rAAV−介在形質導入のための戦略を評価するために、miR−1またはmiR−122のための、完全に相補的な結合部位の1つまたは3つのタンデムコピーを、rAAVプラスミドベクターにおけるnLacZの3’UTRに導入した。この構築物をHuH7細胞(細胞当たり16,000コピーのmiR−122を発現するヒト ヘパトーマ細胞株)に形質移入し、nLacZ−陽性細胞の数を測定した。nLacZ発現HuH7細胞数は、1部位プラスミドでは、無部位対照の約半数であり;3部位は、nLacZ−発現細胞を7倍以上減少させた(図12a)。
インビボで、全身的に送達されたAAV9CBnLacZベクターのmiRNA制御を評価するために、miR−122またはmiR−1のいずれかに完全に相補的な、0、1、または3つのmiRNA−結合部位を担持するAAV9CBnLacZベクターを製造した。このベクターを、体重1kg当たり5×1013ゲノムコピー(GC/kg)の用量で、尾静脈注射により、C56BL/6オス成体マウスに投与した。4週間後、形質導入動物の肝臓および心臓を検査した。nLacZ導入遺伝子は、miRNAが優勢に発現される細胞型および臓器で、内因性miRNAにより発現停止されることが、LacZ染色で明らかになった:この導入遺伝子は、肝臓ではmiR−122により、また心臓ではmiR−1により、特異的に発現停止された(図13a、図13b)。nLacZ陽性細胞は、1つまたは3つのmiR−122−結合部位を担持するrAAV9CBnLacZで処置した動物の肝臓で減少していたが、同じ動物の心臓におけるnLacZ発現レベルは、部位を担持しないAAV9CBnLacZで処置した動物におけるものと似ていた(図13a)。同様に、nLacZ発現は、1つまたは3つのmiR−1−結合部位を含むAAV9CBnLacZを受けた動物の心臓で検出されなかったが、同じ動物の肝臓におけるnLacZ発現は、対照動物におけるものと比較して影響を受けていなかった(図13b)。こうしたデータから、arAAVにおけるmiRNAに対する部位が多いほど、対応するmiRNAが発現される組織におけるnLacZ発現は低いことが示唆される(図13a、図13b)。
miRNA−相補的部位を担持する高度に発現された導入遺伝子は、対応するmiRNAの分解を促進すると報告されている。miR−122、miR−22、miR−26a、およびlet−7のレベルは、rAAV形質導入肝で測定した。3つの試験群の中で、4つのmiRNAの存在量に差は認められなかった(図14a)。さらに、3つの試験群から各1匹の肝臓に由来する低分子量RNAのハイスループットシーケンシング分析によるデータから、miRNAレベルに変化はないことが分かる。
インビボで、rAAVにより送達された導入遺伝子の発現を、miRNAがいかにして抑制するかを決定するために、従来のPCR(図15b)、定量的逆転写PCR(qRT−PCR)(図15c)、ノーザンハイブリダイゼーション(図15d、図15e)、および5’相補的DNA(cDNA)末端の迅速増幅(5’RACE;図15f)によって、肝臓における導入遺伝子mRNAを特性決定した。nLacZ(A+Fプライマー)の3’末端とポリ(A)信号(A+Rプライマー)の5’末端との間の領域を増幅するプライマーを使用したとき、対照rAAVを受けた試料では、26サイクルの増幅後に、miRNA−結合部位に架かるアンプリコン(145塩基対(bp)の産物)が検出された。3つのmiR−122−結合部位を含んでいるrAAVにより形質導入された試料では、弱い220bpのバンドを検出するために、さらに6サイクルの増幅が必要であった。こうしたデータは、低レベルの無傷nLacZmRNA(図15a、図15b)と一致している。
MiRNA−1結合部位およびmiRNA−122−結合部位をscAAV9CB強化GFP(EGFP)ベクターゲノムに付加し、2×1014GC/kgを10週令のC57BL/6オスマウスに注射した。3週間後、脳および脊髄の40μm切片ならびに肝臓、心臓および骨格筋の8μm切片を作製して、EGFPタンパク質発現について検査した。静脈内送達されたscAAV9CBEGFPは、CNSを効率的に形質導入;EGFPは、脳の視床領域および脊髄の頚部のみならず肝臓、心臓および筋肉等の非CNS組織でも容易に検出可能であった(図17a)。対照的に、miR−1−結合部位およびmiR122−結合部位が導入遺伝子に含まれていたとき、そのような非CNS組織における導入遺伝子発現は減少していた;miR−1およびmiR−122が存在しなかった、CNSでは、EGFP発現は不変であった(図17a)ことが分かった。脳(41.2±7.7%)、肝臓(3.0±0.5%)、心臓(0.4±0.1%)、および筋肉(1.3±0.4%)における、miRNA−結合部位が欠如しているEGFP導入遺伝子と比較して、rniRNAで抑制されたEGFP導入遺伝子の差次的発現を測定するために、定量的RT−PCRを使用した(図17b)。実験間の形質導入効率と関連した変化を除去するために、データを、実験試料および対照試料で検出されたベクターゲノム数に正規化した。自然のEGFP発現の顕微鏡分析と同様に、miR−122−結合部位またはmiR−1−結合部位の存在は、肝臓(20倍)、心臓(100倍)、および筋肉(50倍)における導入遺伝子発現を減少させたが、脳における導入遺伝子発現を検出できるほど変えなかったことが、qRT−PCRデータから分かる。
本例は、内因性miRNAがCNS外での導入遺伝子発現を抑制できるように、rAAV9を操作できることを表す。結果から、神経栄養成長因子、たとえばインスリン様成長因子、脳由来神経栄養因子またはグリア由来神経栄養因子等を、形質導入された星状細胞で発現することにより、パーキンソン病、アルツハイマー病および筋萎縮性側索硬化症と関連した変性ニューロンのための治療で、このような操作されたrAAV9を使用することが可能なことが分かる。この手法は、全身的に送達されたrAAV9によって形質導入された末梢組織から誘導される非CNS発現を除去または減少させる。
ベクター設計、構築および製造。完全に相補的なmiRNA−結合部位は、miRBaseにおける注釈付きmiR−1配列およびmiR−122配列に基づいて設計され、合成オリゴヌクレオチドを使用して、遍在的に発現されるpAAVCB核を標的とするβ−ガラクトシダーゼ(nLacZ)プラスミドのnLacZ発現カセットの3’UTRにおけるBstBI制限部位に挿入された(図15aおよび表3)。このベクターは、殆どの細胞および組織で活性な、ハイブリッドサイトメガロウイルスエンハンサー/CBプロモーターカセットを使用する。miR−122およびmiR−1を発現するために、pri−miR−122フラグメントおよびpri−miR−1フラグメントをPCRでC57/B6マウスゲノムDNAから増幅し(表4)、pAAVCBELucプラスミドにおけるホタルルシフェラーゼcDNAのXbaI制限部位3’に挿入した。各pri−miRNAの同一性は、シーケンシングによって検証した。本試験で使用したAAV9ベクターを、生成し、精製して力価測定した。
本例の序文
この例は、9つのscAAVベクターを全身投与した後のCNS遺伝子移入特性に関する分析について記述する。この試験は、CNS遺伝子移入により効果的なベクターを同定することを含んでいた。幾つかの態様で、本試験は、BBBの浸透強化について、rAAVの血清型または天然の変異体を試験した。場合によって、本試験は、出生後1日(P1)に顔面静脈注射をした後、CNSへの高感度緑色蛍光タンパク質(EGFP)の送達が改善されたrAAVベクターを同定しようとした。AAV9は本試験に含まれていた。本試験では、rAAV2およびrAAV5を除き、他の全ての7ベクターが様々な形質導入効率でBBBを越え(中でもrAAVrh.10、rAAVrh.39、rAAVrh.43、rAAV9およびrhAAV7が上位5位を占めた)、CNS全体にわたり神経細胞およびグリア細胞の両細胞で強力なEGFP発現を仲介した。rAAVrh.10の性能はrAAV9の性能と類似しており、場合によっては優れていた。幾つかのrAAVは、神経細胞、運動ニューロン、星状細胞およびプルキンエ細胞を効率的に形質導入し;その中で、rAAVrh.10は、試験した領域の多くで、少なくともrAAV9と同じくらい効率的である。静脈内送達されたrAAVは、CNSで異常な小膠細胞症を引き起こさなかった。CNSで安定した広範な遺伝子移入を達成したrAAVは、CNSの広い領域を冒す神経学的障害のための治療用ベクターとして、ならびに神経科学調査研究のための便利な生物学的ツールとして、有用である。
P1マウスにベクターを投与した21日後、以下の、EGFPをコードしている組み換えAAVベクターのCNS形質導入プロフィールを比較した:rAAV1、rAAV2、rAAV5、rAAV6、rAAV6.2、rAAV7、rAAV9、rAAVrh.10、rAAVrh.39およびrhAAVrh.43。この試験で使用したベクターは、純度および形態学的完全性の点で類似していた(図19)。本法に記載の採点システムによって評価するとき、rAAV9は成績優秀者の中でも最たるものであった;テストした他の殆どのrAAV(rAAV1、rAAV6、rAAV6.2、rAAV7、rAAVrh.10、rAAVrh.39およびrAAVrh.43)も、CNS全体にわたってEGFP発現を生じさせた(表2)。亜解剖学的構造の中で、見掛け上EGFP陽性の細胞数(表5)は使用した特定のベクターに影響を受けた。i.v.送達後、BBBを透過してCNS形質導入を成し遂げた、これら7つのrAAV、およびrAAV9(合計8つのrAAV)については、視床下部に続いて延髄、線条体、海馬、皮質および小脳で、EGFP陽性細胞が見られた。対照的に、嗅球および視床における形質導入効率は比較的低かった(表5)。各rAAVのEGFP遺伝子移入効率の定量的評価がなされた。Nikon NIS elements AR ソフトウェアV.32を使用して、各rAAVについて、各領域における平均EGFP強度/ピクセルを定量的に分析するために、脳内の亜解剖学的および機能的に重要な12の領域を選択した(図19a)(方法参照)。i.v.注射後にCNS形質導入を達成した8ベクターについては、平均EGFP強度/ピクセルは、皮質、手綱核、アンモン角、歯状回、視床、小脳および嗅球で比較的低く、脈絡叢および尾状核被殻では中等度であったが、視床下部、延髄および扁桃では高かった(図19a)。様々なrAAVについて、全12領域の平均EGFP強度を図19bで比較した。AAVrh.10、AAVrh.39およびAAVrh.43は、脳における遺伝子形質導入効率で際立っており、その後にAAV7、AAV9、およびAAV1が続いた(図19aおよび図19b)。これらの効果的な8血清型は脊髄全体にわたって、様々な程度に、EGFP発現も仲介した。脊髄の頚部切片、胸部切片および腰部切片における各rAAVについて、同じ定量分析を実施した(図19a);様々なrAAVについて、3切片の平均EGFP強度も比較した(図19b)。AAV1、AAV9、AAVrh10、AAV.rh39およびAAV.rh43は、脊髄で強力な形質導入を示し、高いEGFP強度が脊髄の頚部で確認され、その後に脊髄の胸部切片および腰部切片が続いた(図19aおよび19b)。rAAV2については、海馬、皮質および視床下部にEGFP−陽性細胞はほとんどなかった。AAV5注射したマウスでは、視床下部にEGFP−陽性細胞が認められた。様々なCNS構造で行われた観察結果を以下に記述する。亜解剖学的CNS構造は、CNS遺伝子療法の標的の役割を果たす可能性がある。場合によっては、亜解剖学的CNS構造は、1つ以上の神経学的障害の病理学的変化と関連している。場合によっては、亜解剖学的CNS構造は、1つ以上のrAAVに対して、異なる形質導入プロフィールを有する。
CNSの様々な領域における形質導入細胞の同一性を確認するために、EGFPに対する抗体およびNeuN(一般的な神経細胞マーカー)、グリア線維酸性タンパク質(GFAP;星状細胞マーカー)、カルビンジン−D28K(プルキンエ細胞マーカー)、およびコリンアセチルトランスフェラーゼ(ChAT;運動ニューロンマーカー)を用いて二重免疫蛍光染色を実施した(図23)。免疫染色の結果から、多数のNeuN陽性細胞がマウス脳の全体にわたってEGFPを発現することが分かり、これは広範な神経細胞の形質導入を示す。高密度の形質導入神経細胞を有する領域としては、線条体、海馬、皮質および視床下部などがあった。rAAVrh.10、rAAV9、rAAV7およびrAAVrh.39ベクターは、神経細胞の形質導入を仲介する上で効率的であり、その後にAAV6.2、AAV1およびAAV6が続いた(図19および図23)。加えて、黒質におけるドーパミン作動性ニューロンは、AAV.rh10によって形質導入された(図23)。CNSにおける形質導入細胞は、小細胞体および高度に分枝した突起を有するGFAP−陽性星状細を含んでいた(図23)。細胞体およびそれらの樹状突起の両者でEGFP発現を示し、カルビンジン−D28K免疫染色法で、プルキンエ細胞として、小脳における多数の形質導入細胞の同一性が確認された(図23)。プルキンエ細胞を形質導入する上で能力の高いrAAVは、以下を含む:rAAVrh.10、rAAV9、rAAVrh.39、rAAV7、rAAV6.2およびrAAVrh.43。rAAV1およびrAAV6は、プルキンエ細胞の一部を比較的低いEGFP強度で形質導入した(図19)。幾つかのrAAVベクターについては、脊髄腹側部に大きいEGFP+/ChAT+細胞が存在することによって、運動ニューロンの形質導入が確認された(図23)。rAAVrh.10、rAAV9、rAAV7、rAAVrh.39は、類似した効率の運動ニューロンの形質導入を示した(図21)。
rAAVrh.39、rAAVrh.10、rAAVrh.43、rAAV7およびrAAV9を注入した動物の側脳室、第三脳質および第四脳室における脈絡叢細胞で、EGFP発現が認められた(形質導入効率によってランク付けした、表5ならびに図19および図24)。同じマウス脳の様々な脳室におけるEGFP発現は類似していた(図24)。脳室の内側を覆う脳室上皮細胞も形質導入された。EGFP−陽性細胞の分布に関する観察結果は、明らかな勾配を示し、形質導入細胞数は脳室周囲領域で最多数であり、また脳室までの距離が増加するにつれて次第に減少した。このことは、側脳室よりも、第三脳室および第四脳室の周囲の領域で明白であった(図24)。マウスの脳および脊髄の全体にわたる血管でも、広範なEGFP信号が見られた。これは、EGFPに対する抗体および血管内皮特異的マーカー、CD34を用いた二重の免疫蛍光染色法によって検証された(図27aおよび図27b)。脳実質の様々な領域におけるrAAV形質導入プロフィールと違って、CNS全体にわたる血管のEGFP形質導入は、所与のあらゆるベクターで、比較的一様である。しかし、血管の形質導入は、使用した特定のrAAVによる影響を受けた。大半のrAAVは、CNSで、中等度(たとえば、rAAV6)ないし極めて効率的な(たとえばrAAVrh.10)血管形質導入を仲介した。
脳切片を、Iba−1に対する抗体でも染色して、小膠細胞を標識した。rAAVrh.10を受けたマウス由来の切片におけるIba−1−陽性細胞は、未処理マウスまたはPBS注射マウスにおけるもの同然であった(図28)。この結果は、血管内送達されたrAAVが、P1新生仔に注射した3週間後に、マウスのCNSで持続性の炎症を引き起こさないことを示した。
この試験では、新生仔マウスで、血管内注入により送達された異なる10のrAAVベクターについて、CNS形質導入プロフィールを評価した。殆どのrAAVは、BBBを越えることができ、様々な程度の効率で新生仔マウスCNSへの遺伝子移入を仲介する(図19〜21および表5)。CNSにおける総体的なEGFP発現によって評価するとき、rAAVrh.10、rAAVrh.39、rAAVrh.43、およびrAAV9は、全身投与後、類似した形質導入能力および細胞トロピズムを有する効果的なrAAVである。具体的には、線条体、海馬、皮質、視床下部、小脳、延髄、および頚髄、を含む、マウスCNSにおける多くの領域が、かなりのEGFP発現を示した。加えて、rAAV6.2およびrAAV7も効果的であった。AAV1およびAAV6は、CNS形質導入を達成した(表5)。殆どのrAAVについては、免疫染色せずに、脳切片および脊髄切片で自然のEGFP発現が検出できた(図29)。
AAV製造
既述の通りに、293細胞の一時的形質移入方法およびCsCl勾配沈降法を使用した、異なるAAVのカプシドを有するAAV2由来の逆方向末端反復(ITR)が隣接しているrAAVベクターゲノムのトランス−カプシド形成によって、ScAAVベクターを製造した。ベクター調製物は、定量的PCRで力価測定した。ベクターの純度は、4〜12% SDS−アクリルアミドゲル電気泳動法および銀染色法(Invitrogen,Carlsbad,CA)で評価した。本試験で使用した各ベクターの形態学的完全性は、負染色した組み換えAAVビリオンの透過電子顕微鏡検査によって試験した。cAAVベクターゲノムにおけるEGFPの発現は、ハイブリッドCMVエンハンサー/ニワトリβ−アクチンプロモーターによって指令される。
野生型C57BL/6マウス同腹子を使用した。マウス繁殖は、計画的タイミング法を使用して実施した。P1に、新生仔に確実にベクターを投与できるように、妊娠マウスを、胎生17日から21日まで毎日監視した。注射される各同腹子の母親(単独収容)をケージから取り出した。ベクターを、PBSで4×1012GC/mLの濃度に希釈し、続いて溶液100μlを31Gインスリン注射器(BD Ultra−Fine II U−100 Insulin Syringes)に吸い込んだ。C57BL/6マウスのP1仔を、イソフルランを使用して麻酔し、氷上に置いた。静脈内注射のために、解剖顕微鏡を使用して、側頭静脈(耳の直前に位置する)を可視化した。針を静脈に挿入して、プランジャーを手で押し下げた。正しい注射は、静脈のブランチングに注目することによって検証した。各仔は、浅側頭静脈を介して、4×1011GCの様々なscrAAVCBEGFPベクター(rAAV1、rAAV2、rAAV5、rAAV6、rAAV6.2、rAAV7、rAAV9、rAAVrh.10、rAAVrh.39、rAAVrh.43;群当たりn=6〜8マウス)を受けた。注射後、仔を注意深くきれいにし、本来の床敷で擦り、次いで本来のケージに戻した。次いで、エタノールパッドを使用して、鼻を短時間無感覚にした後、母親をケージに再導入した。
本試験動物は、注射後21日に麻酔し、次いで冷PBS 15mLを、続いてPBS中に0.2%のグルタルアルデヒド(v/v)と共に4%パラホルムアルデヒド(v/v)を含む固定液15mLを、経心臓的に灌流した。次いで、全死体を固定液中で5日間、後固定した。脊髄および脳を明視野解剖顕微鏡下で摘出し、PBSですすぎ、次いで4℃の、PBS中30%のスクロース(w/v)で凍結保護した。いったん組織をスクロース溶液の底まで沈め、組織をTissue−Tek OCT化合物(Sakura Finetek,Torrance,CA)中に包埋し、ドライアイス/エタノール浴中で凍結した。組織塊を、−80℃で薄切まで保管した。脳全体の連続した40μm浮遊切片をCryostat(Thermo Microm HM550)で切断した。脊髄については、長さ3mmの切片を頚部、胸部および腰部から取り、次いで、連続した40μmの横断切片を上記の通りに作製した。
脳切片および脊髄切片を、12ウェルプレート内で、浮遊切片として染色した。切片をPBS中で、各回5分間ずつ3回洗浄し、次いで、1% Triton−X100(v/v)(Fisher,Pittsburg,PA)、5%ドライミルク(w/v)および10%ヤギ血清(v/v)(Invitrogen)を含むブロッキング液中、室温で2時間、インキュベートした。次いで、この切片を、ブロッキング液で希釈した一次抗体と共に、4℃で一晩インキュベートした。翌日、組織切片を、PBS中0.05%のTween−20(v/v)(PBST)で2回と、PBSで1回洗浄した(各洗浄段階は10分続いた)。その後、切片を、適切な二次抗体と共に、ブロッキング液中、室温で2時間、インキュベートした。切片を上記の通りに再度洗浄してからスライドガラスに載せた。DAPIを含むVectashield(Vector Laboratories,Burlingame,CA)を使用して、全てのスライドをカバースリップし、次いで蛍光倒立顕微鏡(Nikon Eclipse Ti)か、または63×油浸レンズおよびDM−IRE2倒立顕微鏡を具備するLeica TSC−SP2 AOBS共焦点顕微鏡を使用して、それらを分析した。本試験で使用した一次抗体は、以下の通りであった:ウサギ抗−GFP(Invitrogen)、ヤギ抗−ChATおよびマウス抗−NeuN(両者ともMillipore,Billerica,MA)、マウス抗−GFAP(Cell signaling,Danvers,MA)、ラット抗−CD34(Abcam,Cambridge,MA)、マウス抗−カルビンジンD−28k(Sigma,St Louis,MO)およびウサギ抗−DARPP(Abcam,Cambridge,MA)。本試験で使用した二次抗体は、以下を含んでいた:DyLight 488 AffiniPure ロバ抗−ウサギIgG(Jackson ImmunoResearch,West Grove,PA);DyLight 549 AffiniPure ロバ抗−ヤギIgG(Jackson ImmunoResearch);DyLight 549 Affinipure ヤギ抗−ラットIgG(Jackson ImmunoResearch);DyLight 594 AffiniPure ヤギ抗−マウスIgG(Jackson ImmunoResearch);ヤギ抗−ウサギIgG−Alexa フルロ 488(Invitrogen)およびヤギ抗−マウスIgG−Alexaフルロ568(Invitrogen)。
定量化可能でかつ比較可能なデータ形式を作成するために、半定量的採点システムを開発して、マウスCNSの様々な領域における、様々なrAAVベクターの形質導入効率を推定した。簡単に記載すると、EGFP陽性細胞が皆無であった領域を(−)と表示した。EGFP陽性細胞が非常に少ない領域を(+)と採点し、EGFP陽性細胞が若干であった領域を(++)と位置づけ、EGFP陽性細胞が多かった領域を(+++)と表示した。最終的に、EGFP陽性細胞で満たされた領域を(++++)と表示した。
本例の序文
CDは、アスパルトアシラーゼ遺伝子(ASPA)における常染色体の劣性突然変異に起因する希少でかつ致命的な幼児期白質ジストロフィーである[G.G.の大学院の研究で立証された(12)]。CD患者におけるASPA欠乏は、尿中N−アセチル−アスパラギン酸(NAA)上昇(CDの特徴)およびCNS全体にわたる白質の海綿状変性につながり、重度の精神運動遅滞および早期死亡を招来する。ASPA−/−マウスモデルは、CD患者でみられる神経病理学および臨床症状、すなわち、白質の海綿状変性、運動障害、発達遅延、および早期死亡(生後3週間以内)に似た症状を呈する。
P1のCDマウスにAAV9ASPAを投与した(顔面静脈、4×1011GC)。成長、足取り、ローターロッドを用いた運動機能、尿中NAAレベルおよび脳内ASPA活性についてマウスを監視した。結果から以下のことが分かった。i)未処置CDマウスは、生後第2週に体重減少を始め、第3週に死亡した;ii)処置動物は、第5週の間に成長する能力を回復して第10週までにASPA+/−動物に追いついた;iii).ローターロッドテストで測定するとき、遺伝子療法は、P1に処置した、CDマウスの足取りならびにCDマウスの運動機能を完全に直した(図30A);iv).遺伝子療法はCDマウスの視力を回復した。CDマウスの眼に対する網膜電図写真(ERG)テストは、光への記録不可能な応答を示したが、処置したCDマウスでは、明確に定義されたERG応答が容易に検出できた(図30B)。これらのデータから、CDマウスにおける、より重症の網膜症および視力喪失ならびに遺伝子療法はCDマウスの網膜症を緩和して視力を回復することが分かる;v).遺伝子療法は、処置CDマウスにおけるNAAレベルが対照マウスにおけるものに近づいたため、NAAの代謝障害を明らかに改善した(図30C);およびvi)NAA代謝の是正は、処置CDマウスの脳におけるASPA発現の回復(図30E)および活性(図30D)の回復とよく相関していた。
>gi|9632548|ref|NP_049542.1|カプシドタンパク質[アデノ随伴ウイルス−1]
(配列番号1)
MAADGYLPDWLEDNLSEGIREWWDLKPGAPKPKANQQKQDDGRGLVLPGYKYLGPFNGLDKGEPVNAADAAALEHDKAYDQQLKAGDNPYLRYNHADAEFQERLQEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRVLEPLGLVEEGAKTAPGKKRPVEQSPQEPDSSSGIGKTGQQPAKKRLNFGQTGDSESVPDPQPLGEPPATPAAVGPTTMASGGGAPMADNNEGADGVGNASGNWHCDSTWLGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKQISSASTGASNDNHYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKRLNFKLFNIQVKEVTTNDGVTTIANNLTSTVQVFSDSEYQLPYVLGSAHQGCLPPFPADVFMIPQYGYLTLNNGSQAVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFTFSYTFEEVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLNRTQNQSGSAQNKDLLFSRGSPAGMSVQPKNWLPGPCYRQQRVSKTKTDNNNSNFTWTGASKYNLNGRESIINPGTAMASHKDDEDKFFPMSGVMIFGKESAGASNTALDNVMITDEEEIKATNPVATERFGTVAVNFQSSSTDPATGDVHAMGALPGMVWQDRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGHFHPSPLMGGFGLKNPPPQILIKNTPVPANPPAEFSATKFASFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEVQYTSNYAKSANVDFTVDNNGLYTEPRPIGTRYLTRPL
(配列番号2)
MAADGYLPDWLEDTLSEGIRQWWKLKPGPPPPKPAERHKDDSRGLVLPGYKYLGPFNGLDKGEPVNEADAAALEHDKAYDRQLDSGDNPYLKYNHADAEFQERLKEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRVLEPLGLVEEPVKTAPGKKRPVEHSPVEPDSSSGTGKAGQQPARKRLNFGQTGDADSVPDPQPLGQPPAAPSGLGTNTMATGSGAPMADNNEGADGVGNSSGNWHCDSTWMGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKQISSQSGASNDNHYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKRLNFKLFNIQVKEVTQNDGTTTIANNLTSTVQVFTDSEYQLPYVLGSAHQGCLPPFPADVFMVPQYGYLTLNNGSQAVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFTFSYTFEDVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLSRTNTPSGTTTQSRLQFSQAGASDIRDQSRNWLPGPCYRQQRVSKTSADNNNSEYSWTGATKYHLNGRDSLVNPGPAMASHKDDEEKFFPQSGVLIFGKQGSEKTNVDIEKVMITDEEEIRTTNPVATEQYGSVSTNLQRGNRQAATADVNTQGVLPGMVWQDRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGHFHPSPLMGGFGLKHPPPQILIKNTPVPANPSTTFSAAKFASFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEIQYTSNYNKSVNVDFTVDTNGVYSEPRPIGTRYLTRNL
(配列番号3)
MSFVDHPPDWLEEVGEGLREFLGLEAGPPKPKPNQQHQDQARGLVLPGYNYLGPGNGLDRGEPVNRADEVAREHDISYNEQLEAGDNPYLKYNHADAEFQEKLADDTSFGGNLGKAVFQAKKRVLEPFGLVEEGAKTAPTGKRIDDHFPKRKKARTEEDSKPSTSSDAEAGPSGSQQLQIPAQPASSLGADTMSAGGGGPLGDNNQGADGVGNASGDWHCDSTWMGDRVVTKSTRTWVLPSYNNHQYREIKSGSVDGSNANAYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHSHWSPRDWQRLINNYWGFRPRSLRVKIFNIQVKEVTVQDSTTTIANNLTSTVQVFTDDDYQLPYVVGNGTEGCLPAFPPQVFTLPQYGYATLNRDNTENPTERSSFFCLEYFPSKMLRTGNNFEFTYNFEEVPFHSSFAPSQNLFKLANPLVDQYLYRFVSTNNTGGVQFNKNLAGRYANTYKNWFPGPMGRTQGWNLGSGVNRASVSAFATTNRMELEGASYQVPPQPNGMTNNLQGSNTYALENTMIFNSQPANPGTTATYLEGNMLITSESETQPVNRVAYNVGGQMATNNQSSTTAPATGTYNLQEIVPGSVWMERDVYLQGPIWAKIPETGAHFHPSPAMGGFGLKHPPPMMLIKNTPVPGNITSFSDVPVSSFITQYSTGQVTVEMEWELKKENSKRWNPEIQYTNNYNDPQFVDFAPDSTGEYRTTRPIGTRYLTRPL
(配列番号4)
MAADGYLPDWLEDNLSEGIREWWDLKPGAPKPKANQQKQDDGRGLVLPGYKYLGPFNGLDKGEPVNAADAAALEHDKAYDQQLKAGDNPYLRYNHADAEFQERLQEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRVLEPFGLVEEGAKTAPGKKRPVEQSPQEPDSSSGIGKTGQQPAKKRLNFGQTGDSESVPDPQPLGEPPATPAAVGPTTMASGGGAPMADNNEGADGVGNASGNWHCDSTWLGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKQISSASTGASNDNHYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKRLNFKLFNIQVKEVTTNDGVTTIANNLTSTVQVFSDSEYQLPYVLGSAHQGCLPPFPADVFMIPQYGYLTLNNGSQAVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFTFSYTFEDVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLNRTQNQSGSAQNKDLLFSRGSPAGMSVQPKNWLPGPCYRQQRVSKTKTDNNNSNFTWTGASKYNLNGRESIINPGTAMASHKDDKDKFFPMSGVMIFGKESAGASNTALDNVMITDEEEIKATNPVATERFGTVAVNLQSSSTDPATGDVHVMGALPGMVWQDRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGHFHPSPLMGGFGLKHPPPQILIKNTPVPANPPAEFSATKFASFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEVQYTSNYAKSANVDFTVDNNGLYTEPRPIGTRYLTRPL
MAADGYLPDWLEDNLSEGIREWWDLKPGAPKPKANQQKQDDGRGLVLPGYKYLGPFNGLDKGEPVNAADAAALEHDKAYDQQLKAGDNPYLRYNHADAEFQERLQEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRVLEPLGLVEEGAKTAPGKKRPVEQSPQEPDSSSGIGKTGQQPAKKRLNFGQTGDSESVPDPQPLGEPPATPAAVGPTTMASGGGAPMADNNEGADGVGNASGNWHCDSTWLGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKQISSASTGASNDNHYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKRLNFKLFNIQVKEVTTNDGVTTIANNLTSTVQVFSDSEYQLPYVLGSAHQGCLPPFPADVFMIPQYGYLTLNNGSQAVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFTFSYTFEDVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLNRTQNQSGSAQNKDLLFSRGSPAGMSVQPKNWLPGPCYRQQRVSKTKTDNNNSNFTWTGASKYNLNGRESIINPGTAMASHKDDKDKFFPMSGVMIFGKESAGASNTALDNVMITDEEEIKATNPVATERFGTVAVNLQSSSTDPATGDVHVMGALPGMVWQDRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGHFHPSPLMGGFGLKHPPPQILIKNTPVPANPPAEFSATKFASFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEVQYTSNYAKSANVDFTVDNNGLYTEPRPIGTRYLTRPL
(配列番号6)
MAADGYLPDWLEDNLSEGIREWWDLKPGAPKPKANQQKQDNGRGLVLPGYKYLGPFNGLDKGEPVNAADAAALEHDKAYDQQLKAGDNPYLRYNHADAEFQERLQEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRVLEPLGLVEEGAKTAPAKKRPVEPSPQRSPDSSTGIGKKGQQPARKRLNFGQTGDSESVPDPQPLGEPPAAPSSVGSGTVAAGGGAPMADNNEGADGVGNASGNWHCDSTWLGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKQISSETAGSTNDNTYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKKLRFKLFNIQVKEVTTNDGVTTIANNLTSTIQVFSDSEYQLPYVLGSAHQGCLPPFPADVFMIPQYGYLTLNNGSQSVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFEFSYSFEDVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLARTQSNPGGTAGNRELQFYQGGPSTMAEQAKNWLPGPCFRQQRVSKTLDQNNNSNFAWTGATKYHLNGRNSLVNPGVAMATHKDDEDRFFPSSGVLIFGKTGATNKTTLENVLMTNEEEIRPTNPVATEEYGIVSSNLQAANTAAQTQVVNNQGALPGMVWQNRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGNFHPSPLMGGFGLKHPPPQILIKNTPVPANPPEVFTPAKFASFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEIQYTSNFEKQTGVDFAVDSQGVYSEPRPIGTRYLTRNL
(配列番号7)
MAADGYLPDWLEDNLSEGIREWWALKPGAPKPKANQQKQDDGRGLVLPGYKYLGPFNGLDKGEPVNAADAAALEHDKAYDQQLQAGDNPYLRYNHADAEFQERLQEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRVLEPLGLVEEGAKTAPGKKRPVEPSPQRSPDSSTGIGKKGQQPARKRLNFGQTGDSESVPDPQPLGEPPAAPSGVGPNTMAAGGGAPMADNNEGADGVGSSSGNWHCDSTWLGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKQISNGTSGGATNDNTYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKRLSFKLFNIQVKEVTQNEGTKTIANNLTSTIQVFTDSEYQLPYVLGSAHQGCLPPFPADVFMIPQYGYLTLNNGSQAVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFQFTYTFEDVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLSRTQTTGGTANTQTLGFSQGGPNTMANQAKNWLPGPCYRQQRVSTTTGQNNNSNFAWTAGTKYHLNGRNSLANPGIAMATHKDDEERFFPSNGILIFGKQNAARDNADYSDVMLTSEEEIKTTNPVATEEYGIVADNLQQQNTAPQIGTVNSQGALPGMVWQNRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGNFHPSPLMGGFGLKHPPPQILIKNTPVPADPPTTFNQSKLNSFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEIQYTSNYYKSTSVDFAVNTEGVYSEPRPIGTRYLTRNL
(配列番号8)
MAADGYLPDWLEDNLSEGIREWWALKPGAPQPKANQQHQDNARGLVLPGYKYLGPGNGLDKGEPVNAADAAALEHDKAYDQQLKAGDNPYLKYNHADAEFQERLKEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRLLEPLGLVEEAAKTAPGKKRPVEQSPQEPDSSAGIGKSGAQPAKKRLNFGQTGDTESVPDPQPIGEPPAAPSGVGSLTMASGGGAPVADNNEGADGVGSSSGNWHCDSQWLGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKQISNSTSGGSSNDNAYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKRLNFKLFNIQVKEVTDNNGVKTIANNLTSTVQVFTDSDYQLPYVLGSAHEGCLPPFPADVFMIPQYGYLTLNDGSQAVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFQFSYEFENVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLSKTINGSGQNQQTLKFSVAGPSNMAVQGRNYIPGPSYRQQRVSTTVTQNNNSEFAWPGASSWALNGRNSLMNPGPAMASHKEGEDRFFPLSGSLIFGKQGTGRDNVDADKVMITNEEEIKTTNPVATESYGQVATNHQSAQAQAQTGWVQNQGILPGMVWQDRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGNFHPSPLMGGFGMKHPPPQILIKNTPVPADPPTAFNKDKLNSFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEIQYTSNYYKSNNVEFAVNTEGVYSEPRPIGTRYLTRNL
(配列番号9)rh−10
MAADGYLPDWLEDNLSEGIREWWDLKPGAPKPKANQQKQDDGRGLVLPGYKYLGPFNGLDKGEPVNAADAAALEHDKAYDQQLKAGDNPYLRYNHADAEFQERLQEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRVLEPLGLVEEGAKTAPGKKRPVEPSPQRSPDSSTGIGKKGQQPAKKRLNFGQTGDSESVPDPQPIGEPPAGPSGLGSGTMAAGGGAPMADNNEGADGVGSSSGNWHCDSTWLGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKQISNGTSGGSTNDNTYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKRLNFKLFNIQVKEVTQNEGTKTIANNLTSTIQVFTDSEYQLPYVLGSAHQGCLPPFPADVFMIPQYGYLTLNNGSQAVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFEFSYQFEDVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLSRTQSTGGTAGTQQLLFSQAGPNNMSAQAKNWLPGPCYRQQRVSTTLSQNNNSNFAWTGATKYHLNGRDSLVNPGVAMATHKDDEERFFPSSGVLMFGKQGAGKDNVDYSSV
MLTSEEEIKTTNPVATEQYGVVADNLQQQNAAPIVGAVNSQGALPGMVWQNRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGNFHPSPLMGGFGLKHPPPQILIKNTPVPADPPTTFSQAKLASFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEIQYTSNYYKSTNVDFAVNTDGTYSEPRPIGTRYLTRNL
(配列番号10)
MAADGYLPDWLEDNLSEGIREWWALKPGAPKPKANQQKQDDGRGLVLPGYKYLGPFNGLDKGEPVNAADAAALEHDKAYDQQLKAGDNPYLRYNHADAEFQERLQEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRVLEPLGLVEEAAKTAPGKKRPVEPSPQRSPDSSTGIGKKGQQPAKKRLNFGQTGDSESVPDPQPIGEPPAGPSGLGSGTMAAGGGAPMADNNEGADGVGSSSGNWHCDSTWLGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKQISNGTSGGSTNDNTYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKRLSFKLFNIQVKEVTQNEGTKTIANNLTSTIQVFTDSEYQLPYVLGSAHQGCLPPFPADVFMIPQYGYLTLNNGSQAVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFEFSYTFEDVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLSRTQSTGGTQGTQQLLFSQAGPANMSAQAKNWLPGPCYRQQRVSTTLSQNNNSNFAWTGATKYHLNGRDSLVNPGVAMATHKDDEERFFPSSGVLMFGKQGAGRDNVDYSSVMLTSEEEIKTTNPVATEQYGVVADNLQQTNTGPIVGNVNSQGALPGMVWQNRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGNFHPSPLMGGFGLKHPPPQILIKNTPVPADPPTTFSQAKLASFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEIQYTSNYYKSTNVDFAVNTEGTYSEPRPIGTRYLTRNL
(配列番号11)
MAADGYLPDWLEDNLSEGIREWWDLKPGAPKPKANQQKQDDGRGLVLPGYKYLGPFNGLDKGEPVNAADAAALEHDKAYDQQLEAGDNPYLRYNHADAEFQERLQEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRVLEPLGLVEEGAKTAPGKKRPVEQSPQEPDSSSGIGKKGQQPARKRLNFGQTGDSESVPDPQPLGEPPAAPSGVGPNTMAAGGGAPMADNNEGADGVGSSSGNWHCDSTWLGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKQISNGTSGGATNDNTYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKRLSFKLFNIQVKEVTQNEGTKTIANNLTSTIQVFTDSEYQLPYVLGSAHQGCLPPFPADVFMIPQYGYLTLNNGSQAVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFQFTYTFEDVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLSRTQTTGGTANTQTLGFSQGGPNTMANQAKNWLPGPCYRQQRVSTTTGQNNNSNFAWTAGTKYHLNGRNSLANPGIAMATHKDDEERFFPVTGSCFWQQNAARDNADYSDVMLTSEEEIKTTNPVATEEYGIVADNLQQQNTAPQIGTVNSQGALPGMVWQNRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGNFHPSPLMGGFGLKHPPPQILIKNTPVPADPPTTFNQSKLNSFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEIQYTSNYYKSTSVDFAVNTEGVYSEPRPIGTRYLTRNL
MAADGYLPDWLEDNLSEGIREWWALKPGAPQPKANQQHQDNARGLVLPGYKYLGPGNGLDKGEPVNAADAAALEHDKAYDQQLKAGDNPYLKYNHADAEFQERLKEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRLLEPLGLVEEAAKTAPGKKRPVEQSPQEPDSSAGIGKSGAQPAKKRLNFGQTGDTESVPDPQPIGEPPAAPSGVGSLTIASGGGAPVADNNEGADGVGSSSGNWHCDSQWLGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKRISNSTSGGSSNDNAYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKRLNFKLFNIRVKEVTDNNGVKTITNNLTSTVQVFTDSDYQLPYVLGSAHEGCLPPFPADVFMIPQYGYLTLNDGSQAVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFQFSYEFENVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLSKTINGSGQNQQTLKFSVAGPSNMAVQGRNYIPGPSYRQQRVSTTVTRNNNSEFAWPGASSWALNGRNSLMNPGPAMASHKEGEDRFFPLSGSLIFGKQGTGRDNVDADKVMITNEEEIKTTNPVATESYGQVATNHQSAQAQAQTGWVQNQGILPGMVWQDRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGNFHPSPLMGGFGVKHPPPQILIKNTPVPADPPTAFNKDKLNSFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEIQYTSNYYKSNNVEFAVNTEGVYSEPRPIGTRYLTRNL
(配列番号13)
MTSCHIAEEHIQKVAIFGGTHGNELTGVFLVKHWLENGAEIQRTGLEVKPFITNPRAVKKCTRYIDCDLNRIFDLENLGKKMSEDLPYEVRRAQEINHLFGPKDSEDSYDIIFDLHNTTSNMGCTLILEDSRNNFLIQMFHYIKTSLAPLPCYVYLIEHPSLKYATTRSIAKYPVGIEVGPQPQGVLRADILDQMRKMIKHALDFIHHFNEGKEFPPCAIEVYKIIEKVDYPRDENGEIAAIIHPNLQDQDWKPLHPGDPMFLTLDGKTIPLGGDCTVYPVFVNEAAYYEKKEAFAKTTKLTLNAKSIRCCLH
(配列番号14)
ATGACTTCTTGTCACATTGCTGAAGAACATATACAAAAGGTTGCTATCTTTGGAGGAACCCATGGGAATGAGCTAACCGGAGTATTTCTGGTTAAGCATTGGCTAGAGAATGGCGCTGAGATTCAGAGAACAGGGCTGGAGGTAAAACCATTTATTACTAACCCCAGAGCAGTGAAGAAGTGTACCAGATATATTGACTGTGACCTGAATCGCATTTTTGACCTTGAAAATCTTGGCAAAAAAATGTCAGAAGATTTGCCATATGAAGTGAGAAGGGCTCAAGAAATAAATCATTTATTTGGTCCAAAAGACAGTGAAGATTCCTATGACATTATTTTTGACCTTCACAACACCACCTCTAACATGGGGTGCACTCTTATTCTTGAGGATTCCAGGAATAACTTTTTAATTCAGATGTTTCATTACATTAAGACTTCTCTGGCTCCACTACCCTGCTACGTTTATCTGATTGAGCATCCTTCCCTCAAATATGCGACCACTCGTTCCATAGCCAAGTATCCTGTGGGTATAGAAGTTGGTCCTCAGCCTCAAGGGGTTCTGAGAGCTGATATCTTGGATCAAATGAGAAAAATGATTAAACATGCTCTTGATTTTATACATCATTTCAATGAAGGAAAAGAATTTCCTCCCTGCGCCATTGAGGTCTATAAAATTATAGAGAAAGTTGATTACCCCCGGGATGAAAATGGAGAAATTGCTGCTATCATCCATCCTAATCTGCAGGATCAAGACTGGAAACCACTGCATCCTGGGGATCCCATGTTTTTAACTCTTGATGGGAAGACGATCCCACTGGGCGGAGACTGTACCGTGTACCCCGTGTTTGTGAATGAGGCCGCATATTACGAAAAGAAAGAAGCTTTTGCAAAGACAACTAAACTAACGCTCAATGCAAAAAGTATTCGCTGCTGTTTACATTAG
(配列番号15)
MTSCVAKEPIKKIAIFGGTHGNELTGVFLVTHWLRNGTEVHRAGLDVKPFITNPRAVEKCTRYIDCDLNRVFDLENLSKEMSEDLPYEVRRAQEINHLFGPKNSDDAYDLVFDLHNTTSNMGCTLILEDSRNDFLIQMFHYIKTCMAPLPCSVYLIEHPSLKYATTRSIAKYPVGIEVGPQPHGVLRADILDQMRKMIKHALDFIQHFNEGKEFPPCSIDVYKIMEKVDYPRNESGDMAAVIHPNLQDQDWKPLHPGDPVFVSLDGKVIPLGGDCTVYPVFVNEAAYYEKKEAFAKTTKLTLSAKSIRSTLH
(配列番号16)
ATGACCTCTTGTGTTGCTAAAGAACCTATTAAGAAGATTGCCATCTTTGGAGGGACTCATGGAAATGAACTGACCGGAGTGTTTCTAGTTACTCACTGGCTAAGGAATGGCACTGAAGTTCACAGAGCAGGGCTGGACGTGAAGCCATTCATTACCAATCCAAGGGCGGTGGAGAAGTGCACCAGATACATTGACTGTGACCTGAATCGTGTTTTTGACCTTGAAAATCTTAGCAAAGAGATGTCTGAAGACTTGCCATATGAAGTGAGAAGGGCTCAAGAAATAAATCATTTATTTGGTCCAAAAAATAGTGATGATGCCTATGACCTTGTTTTTGACCTTCACAACACCACTTCTAACATGGGTTGCACTCTTATTCTTGAGGATTCCAGGAATGACTTTTTAATTCAGATGTTTCACTATATTAAGACTTGCATGGCTCCATTACCCTGCTCTGTTTATCTCATTGAGCATCCTTCACTCAAATATGCAACCACTCGTTCCATTGCCAAGTATCCTGTTGGTATAGAAGTTGGTCCTCAGCCTCACGGTGTCCTTAGAGCTGATATTTTAGACCAAATGAGAAAAATGATAAAACATGCTCTTGATTTTATACAGCATTTCAATGAAGGAAAAGAATTTCCTCCCTGTTCTATTGACGTCTATAAAATAATGGAGAAAGTTGATTATCCAAGGAATGAAAGTGGAGACATGGCTGCTGTTATTCATCCTAATCTGCAGGATCAAGACTGGAAACCATTGCACCCTGGAGATCCTGTGTTTGTGTCTCTTGATGGAAAAGTTATTCCACTGGGTGGAGACTGTACCGTGTACCCAGTGTTTGTGAATGAAGCTGCATATTATGAAAAAAAAGAAGCATTTGCAAAGACAACAAAACTAACACTCAGCGCAAAAAGCATCCGCTCCACTTTGCACTAA
(配列番号17)
ATGGCGACGAAGGCCGTGTGCGTGCTGAAGGGCGACGGCCCAGTGCAGGGCATCATCAATTTCGAGCAGAAGGAAAGTAATGGACCAGTGAAGGTGTGGGGAAGCATTAAAGGACTGACTGAAGGCCTGCATGGATTCCATGTTCATGAGTTTGGAGATAATACAGCAGGCTGTACCAGTGCAGGTCCTCACTTTAATCCTCTATCCAGAAAACACGGTGGGCCAAAGGATGAAGAGAGGCATGTTGGAGACTTGGGCAATGTGACTGCTGACAAAGATGGTGTGGCCGATGTGTCTATTGAAGATTCTGTGATCTCACTCTCAGGAGACCATTGCATCATTGGCCGCACACTGGTGGTCCATGAAAAAGCAGATGACTTGGGCAAAGGTGGAAATGAAGAAAGTACAAAGACAGGAAACGCTGGAAGTCGTTTGGCTTGTGGTGTAATTGGGATCGCCCAATAA
(配列番号18)
MATKAVCVLKGDGPVQGIINFEQKESNGPVKVWGSIKGLTEGLHGFHVHEFGDNTAGCTSAGPHFNPLSRKHGGPKDEERHVGDLGNVTADKDGVADVSIEDSVISLSGDHCIIGRTLVVHEKADDLGKGGNEESTKTGNAGSRLACGVIGIAQ
(配列番号19)
ATGGCGATGAAAGCGGTGTGCGTGCTGAAGGGCGACGGTCCGGTGCAGGGAACCATCCACTTCGAGCAGAAGGCAAGCGGTGAACCAGTTGTGTTGTCAGGACAAATTACAGGATTAACTGAAGGCCAGCATGGGTTCCACGTCCATCAGTATGGGGACAATACACAAGGCTGTACCAGTGCAGGACCTCATTTTAATCCTCACTCTAAGAAACATGGTGGCCCGGCGGATGAAGAGAGGCATGTTGGAGACCTGGGCAATGTGACTGCTGGAAAGGACGGTGTGGCCAATGTGTCCATTGAAGATCGTGTGATCTCACTCTCAGGAGAGCATTCCATCATTGGCCGTACAATGGTGGTCCATGAGAAACAAGATGACTTGGGCAAAGGTGGAAATGAAGAAAGTACAAAGACTGGAAATGCTGGGAGCCGCTTGGCCTGTGGAGTGATTGGGATTGCGCAGTAA
(配列番号20)
MAMKAVCVLKGDGPVQGTIHFEQKASGEPVVLSGQITGLTEGQHGFHVHQYGDNTQGCTSAGPHFNPHSKKHGGPADEERHVGDLGNVTAGKDGVANVSIEDRVISLSGEHSIIGRTMVVHEKQDDLGKGGNEESTKTGNAGSRLACGVIGIAQ
CTGCGCGCTCGCTCGCTCACTGAGGCCGCCCGGGCAAAGCCCGGGCGTCGGGCGACCTTTGGTCGCCCGGCCTCAGTGAGCGAGCGAGCGCGCAGAGAGGGAGTGTAGCCATGCTCTAGGAAGATCAATTCAATTCACGCGTCGACATTGATTATTGACTAGTTATTAATAGTAATCAATTACGGGGTCATTAGTTCATAGCCCATATATGGAGTTCCGCGTTACATAACTTACGGTAAATGGCCCGCCTGGCTGACCGCCCAACGACCCCCGCCCATTGACGTCAATAATGACGTATGTTCCCATAGTAACGCCAATAGGGACTTTCCATTGACGTCAATGGGTGGATATTTACGGTAAACTGCCCACTTGGCAGTACATCAAGTGTATCATATGCCAAGTACGCCCCCTATTGACGTCAATGACGGTAAATGGCCCGCCTGGCATTATGCCCAGTACATGACCTTATGGGACTTTCCTACTTGGCAGTACATCTACGTATTAGTCATCGCTATTACCATGTCGAGGCCACGTTCTGCTTCACTCTCCCCATCTCCCCCCCCTCCCCACCCCCAATTTTGTATTTATTTATTTTTTAATTATTTTGTGCAGCGATGGGGGCGGGGGGGGGGGGCGCGCGCCAGGCGGGGCGGGGCGGGGCGAGGGGCGGGGCGGGGCGAGGCGGAGAGGTGCGGCGGCAGCCAATCAGAGCGGCGCGCTCCGAAAGTTTCCTTTTATGGCGAGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCCCTATAAAAAGCGAAGCGCGCGGCGGGCGGGAGCAAGCTCTAGCCTCGAGAATTCACGCGTGGTACCTCTAGAGCAGAGCTCGTTTAGTGAACCGTCAGTTCGAAATCGCCACCATGGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGCTGTTCACCGGGGTGGTGCCCATCCTGGTCGAGCTGGACGGCGACGTAAACGGCCACAAGTTCAGCGTGTCCGGCGAGGGCGAGGGCGATGCCACCTACGGCAAGCTGACCCTGAAGTTCATCTGCACCACCGGCAAGCTGCCCGTGCCCTGGCCCACCCTCGTGACCACCCTGACCTACGGCGTGCAGTGCTTCAGCCGCTACCCCGACCACATGAAGCAGCACGACTTCTTCAAGTCCGCCATGCCCGAAGGCTACGTCCAGGAGCGCACCATCTTCTTCAAGGACGACGGCAACTACAAGACCCGCGCCGAGGTGAAGTTCGAGGGCGACACCCTGGTGAACCGCATCGAGCTGAAGGGCATCGACTTCAAGGAGGACGGCAACATCCTGGGGCACAAGCTGGAGTACAACTACAACAGCCACAACGTCTATATCATGGCCGACAAGCAGAAGAACGGCATCAAGGTGAACTTCAAGATCCGCCACAACATCGAGGACGGCAGCGTGCAGCTCGCCGACCACTACCAGCAGAACACCCCCATCGGCGACGGCCCCGTGCTGCTGCCCGACAACCACTACCTGAGCACCCAGTCCGCCCTGAGCAAAGACCCCAACGAGAAGCGCGATCACATGGTCCTGCTGGAGTTCGTGACCGCCGCCGGGATCACTCTCGGCATGGACGAGCTGTACAAGTAAGTAACAGGTAAGTGCGATCGCTAATGCGGGAAAGCTCTTATTCGGGTGAGATGGGCTGGGGCACCATCTGGGGACCCTGACGTGAAGTTTGTCACTGACTGGAGAACTCGGTTTGTCGTCTGTTGCGGGGGCGGCAGTTATGGCGGTGCCGTTGGGCAGTGCACCCGTACCTTTGGGAGCGCGCGCCCTCGTCGTGTCGTGACGTCACCCGTTCTGTTGGTACCTGCTGTTGACAGTGAGCGACGCAATGTGACTTCGCTGACAAAGCTGTGAAGCCACAGATGGGCTTTGTCAGCAGTCACATTGCGCTGCCTACTGCCTCGGACTTCAAGGGCTCGAGAATTCAGGGTGGGGCCACCTGCCGGTAGGTGTGCGGTAGGCTTTTCTCCGTCGCAGGACGCAGGGTTCGGGCCTAGGGTAGGCTCTCCTGAATCGACAGGCGCCGGACCTCTGGCGGCCGCAACAACGCGTTCCTGACCATTCATCCTCTTTCTTTTTCCTGCAGGCTTGTGGAAGAAATGGGATCCGATCTTTTTCCCTCTGCCAAAAATTATGGGGACATCATGAAGCCCCTTGAGCATCTGACTTCTGGCTAATAAAGGAAATTTATTTTCATTGCAATAGTGTGTTGGAATTTTTTGTGTCTCTCACTCGGCCTAGGTAGATAAGTAGCATGGCGGGTTAATCATTAACTACAAGGAACCCCTAGTGATGGAGTTGGCCACTCCCTCTCTGCGCGCTCGCTCGCTCACTGAGGCCGGGCGACCAAAGGTCGCCCGACGCCCGGGCTTTGCCCGGGCGGCCTCAGTGAGCGAGCGAGCGCGCAGCCTTAATTAACCTAATTCACTGGCCGTCGTTTTACAACGTCGTGACTGGGAAAACCCTGGCGTTACCCAACTTAATCGCCTTGCAGCACATCCCCCTTTCGCCAGCTGGCGTAATAGCGAAGAGGCCCGCACCGATCGCCCTTCCCAACAGTTGCGCAGCCTGAATGGCGAATGGGACGCGCCCTGTAGCGGCGCATTAAGCGCGGCGGGTGTGGTGGTTACGCGCAGCGTGACCGCTACACTTGCCAGCGCCCTAGCGCCCGCTCCTTTCGCTTTCTTCCCTTCCTTTCTCGCCACGTTCGCCGGCTTTCCCCGTCAAGCTCTAAATCGGGGGCTCCCTTTAGGGTTCCGATTTAGTGCTTTACGGCACCTCGACCCCAAAAAACTTGATTAGGGTGATGGTTCACGTAGTGGGCCATCGCCCTGATAGACGGTTTTTCGCCCTTTGACGTTGGAGTCCACGTTCTTTAATAGTGGACTCTTGTTCCAAACTGGAACAACACTCAACCCTATCTCGGTCTATTCTTTTGATTTATAAGGGATTTTGCCGATTTCGGCCTATTGGTTAAAAAATGAGCTGATTTAACAAAAATTTAACGCGAATTTTAACAAAATATTAACGCTTACAATTTAGGTGGCACTTTTCGGGGAAATGTGCGCGGAACCCCTATTTGTTTATTTTTCTAAATACATTCAAATATGTATCCGCTCATGAGACAATAACCCTGATAAATGCTTCAATAATATTGAAAAAGGAAGAGTATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGCGCGGTATTATCCCGTATTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGTAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAACTGTCAGACCAAGTTTACTCATATATACTTTAGATTGATTTAAAACTTCATTTTTAATTTAAAAGGATCTAGGTGAAGATCCTTTTTGATAATCTCATGACCAAAATCCCTTAACGTGAGTTTTCGTTCCACTGAGCGTCAGACCCCGTAGAAAAGATCAAAGGATCTTCTTGAGATCCTTTTTTTCTGCGCGTAATCTGCTGCTTGCAAACAAAAAAACCACCGCTACCAGCGGTGGTTTGTTTGCCGGATCAAGAGCTACCAACTCTTTTTCCGAAGGTAACTGGCTTCAGCAGAGCGCAGATACCAAATACTGTTCTTCTAGTGTAGCCGTAGTTAGGCCACCACTTCAAGAACTCTGTAGCACCGCCTACATACCTCGCTCTGCTAATCCTGTTACCAGTGGCTGCTGCCAGTGGCGATAAGTCGTGTCTTACCGGGTTGGACTCAAGACGATAGTTACCGGATAAGGCGCAGCGGTCGGGCTGAACGGGGGGTTCGTGCACACAGCCCAGCTTGGAGCGAACGACCTACACCGAACTGAGATACCTACAGCGTGAGCTATGAGAAAGCGCCACGCTTCCCGAAGGGAGAAAGGCGGACAGGTATCCGGTAAGCGGCAGGGTCGGAACAGGAGAGCGCACGAGGGAGCTTCCAGGGGGAAACGCCTGGTATCTTTATAGTCCTGTCGGGTTTCGCCACCTCTGACTTGAGCGTCGATTTTTGTGATGCTCGTCAGGGGGGCGGAGCCTATGGAAAAACGCCAGCAACGCGGCCTTTTTACGGTTCCTGGCCTTTTGCTGGCCTTTTGCTCACATGTTCTTTCCTGCGTTATCCCCTGATTCTGTGGATAACCGTATTACCGCCTTTGAGTGAGCTGATACCGCTCGCCGCAGCCGAACGACCGAGCGCAGCGAGTCAGTGAGCGAGGAAGCGGAAGAGCGCCCAATACGCAAACCGCCTCTCCCCGCGCGTTGGCCGATTCATTAATGCAGCTGGCACGACAGGTTTCCCGACTGGAAAGCGGGCAGTGAGCGCAACGCAATTAATGTGAGTTAGCTCACTCATTAGGCACCCCAGGCTTTACACTTTATGCTTCCGGCTCGTATGTTGTGTGGAATTGTGAGCGGATAACAATTTCACACAGGAAACAGCTATGACCATGATTACGCCAGATTTAATTAAGGCCTTAATTAGG
TGCTGTTGACAGTGAGCGACATCATCAATTTTCCGAGCAGAACTGTGAAGCCACAGATGGGTTCTGCTCGAAATTGATGATGCTGCCTACTGCCTCGGACTTCAAGGG
TGCTGTTGACAGTGAGCGACGCATTAAAGGATCCTGACTGACTGTGAAGCCACAGATGGGTCAGTCAGTCCTTTAATGCGCTGCCTACTGCCTCGGACTTCAAGGG
TGCTGTTGACAGTGAGCGACTGCATGGATTCTCCATGTTCATCTGTGAAGCCACAGATGGGATGAACATGGAATCCATGCAGCTGCCTACTGCCTCGGACTTCAAGGG
TGCTGTTGACAGTGAGCGACAAGGATGAAGATCGAGGCATGCTGTGAAGCCACAGATGGGCATGCCTCTCTTCATCCTTGCTGCCTACTGCCTCGGACTTCAAGGG
TGCTGTTGACAGTGAGCGACGCAATGTGACTTCGCTGACAAAGCTGTGAAGCCACAGATGGGCTTTGTCAGCAGTCACATTGCGCTGCCTACTGCCTCGGACTTCAAGGG
TGCTGTTGACAGTGAGCGACCGATGTGTCTATCTTGAAGATTCTGTGAAGCCACAGATGGGAATCTTCAATAGACACATCGGCTGCCTACTGCCTCGGACTTCAAGGG
(配列番号28)
TGCTGTTGACAGTGAGCGACGGTGGAAATGATCAGAAAGTACTGTGAAGCCACAGATGGGTACTTTCTTCATTTCCACCGCTGCCTACTGCCTCGGACTTCAAGGG
TGCTGTTGACAGTGAGCGACGCTGTAGAAATTCGTATCCTGATCTGTGAAGCCACAGATGGGATCAGGATACATTTCTACAGCGCTGCCTACTGCCTCGGACTTCAAGGG
TGCTGTTGACAGTGAGCGAGGTATTAAACTTGTCAGAATTTAGTGAAGCCACAGATGTAAATTCTGACAAGTTTAATACCCTGCCTACTGCCTCGGACTTCAAGGG
TGCTGTTGACAGTGAGCGACGATGCTCTAATCGGTTCTATCAAGTGAAGCCACAGATGTTGATAGAACCTTAGAGCATCGCTGCCTACTGCCTCGGACTTCAAGGG
Claims (18)
- rAAVの有効量を髄腔内投与によって投与することにより、導入遺伝子を対象の中枢神経系(CNS)組織に送達するためのベクターであって、
前記髄腔内投与が前記対象の腰部であり、
前記rAAVが、(i)配列番号9で示される配列を含むカプシドタンパク質および(ii)導入遺伝子と操作可能に連結されたプロモーターを含む核酸を含み、
前記導入遺伝子が、SOD1 mRNAに特異的に結合して前記対象におけるSOD1の発現を抑制する抑制性RNAをコードし、
髄腔内投与のための前記rAAVの前記用量が、10 9 ゲノムコピー〜10 16 ゲノムコピーの範囲内であり、および
前記rAAVが、脊髄の細胞に感染する、
前記ベクター。 - 前記rAAVの有効量を脳内投与によってさらに投与することによる、請求項1に記載のベクター。
- 前記脳内投与が脳室内投与である、請求項2に記載のベクター。
- 前記脳室内投与が前記対象の前脳の脳室領域内への投与である、請求項3に記載のベクター。
- 脳内投与のための前記rAAVの前記用量が、10 9 ゲノムコピー〜10 16 ゲノムコピーの範囲内である、請求項2〜4のいずれか1項に記載のベクター。
- 前記抑制性RNAがアンチセンスRNA、shRNAまたはmiRNAである、請求項1に記載のベクター。
- 前記抑制性RNAが、配列番号26で示される配列を有する、請求項1に記載のベクター。
- rAAVの有効量を、治療を必要としている対象のCNS組織に投与することによる、前記対象における、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)を治療するための医薬組成物であって、
前記rAAVが、(i)配列番号9で示される配列を含むカプシドタンパク質および(ii)SOD1 mRNAに特異的に結合して前記対象におけるSOD1の発現を抑制する抑制性RNAをコードしている領域と操作可能に連結されたプロモーターを含む核酸を含み、
前記rAAVの前記用量が、10 9 ゲノムコピー〜10 16 ゲノムコピーの範囲内であり、および
前記rAAVが、脊髄の細胞に感染する、
前記医薬組成物。 - 前記抑制性RNAがアンチセンスRNA、shRNAまたはmiRNAである、請求項8に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記抑制性RNAが、配列番号26で示される配列を含む、請求項8に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記投与が髄腔内投与である、請求項8に記載の医薬組成物。
- rAAVの有効量を、治療を必要としている対象に投与することによる、前記対象における、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)を治療するための医薬組成物であって、
rAAVが配列番号26で示される配列をコードしている領域と操作可能に連結されたプロモーターを含む核酸を含み、かつ前記rAAVが前記対象のCNS組織の細胞を感染させ、
前記rAAVの前記用量が、10 9 ゲノムコピー〜10 16 ゲノムコピーの範囲内であり、および
前記rAAVが、脊髄の細胞に感染する、
医薬組成物。 - 請求項8または12に記載の医薬組成物を収納する容器を含むキット。
- 前記容器が密封された小瓶またはアンプルである、請求項13に記載のキット。
- 前記容器が注射器である、請求項13に記載のキット。
- 請求項1に記載のベクターを含む、単離された哺乳類細胞。
- AAVヘルパー機能ベクターをさらに含む、請求項16に記載の単離された哺乳類細胞。
- 補助機能ベクターをさらに含む、請求項16または17に記載の単離された哺乳類細胞。
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