JP5868106B2 - Lighting device - Google Patents
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- JP5868106B2 JP5868106B2 JP2011221478A JP2011221478A JP5868106B2 JP 5868106 B2 JP5868106 B2 JP 5868106B2 JP 2011221478 A JP2011221478 A JP 2011221478A JP 2011221478 A JP2011221478 A JP 2011221478A JP 5868106 B2 JP5868106 B2 JP 5868106B2
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Description
本発明は、照明装置に関し、特に光源としてＬＥＤ（Light Emitting Diode）などの半導体発光素子を備えた照明装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a lighting device, and more particularly to a lighting device including a semiconductor light emitting element such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) as a light source.
近年、地球温暖化の防止のために省エネルギ化が進められており、照明分野においては、従来の白熱電球の代替としてＬＥＤを用いたランプの研究・開発が行われている。既存の白熱電球と比べて、ＬＥＤを用いたランプは高いエネルギ効率を持つためである。ＬＥＤを用いたランプの用途拡大を考える場合、既存の白熱電球の口金をそのまま利用ができることが求められ、従来の白熱電球と同等に用いられることが望ましい。また、白熱電球は発光部に対して口金方向を後方とした時に、前方から後方まで略球面状に光が均等に出射されるため、ＬＥＤを用いたランプには、白熱電球を照明器具に取り付けた場合と同等の光の照射を演出することが求められている。ただし、ＬＥＤは出射光の直進性が強いため、従来の白熱電球と同等に用いる場合には、ＬＥＤからの出射光の照射範囲（配光）を輝度むらなく広げる必要がある。特にＬＥＤの出射面から１８０°を超えた方向（ＬＥＤの出射面の後方）に向けて照射範囲を広げる必要がある。 In recent years, energy conservation has been promoted to prevent global warming, and in the lighting field, research and development have been conducted on lamps using LEDs as an alternative to conventional incandescent bulbs. This is because lamps using LEDs have higher energy efficiency than existing incandescent bulbs. When considering expanding the application of lamps using LEDs, it is required that the caps of existing incandescent bulbs can be used as they are, and it is desirable to use them in the same manner as conventional incandescent bulbs. Incandescent light bulbs emit light evenly in a generally spherical shape from the front to the rear when the cap direction is behind the light-emitting part. It is demanded to produce light irradiation equivalent to that in the case of. However, since the LED has a strong straightness of the emitted light, when used in the same manner as a conventional incandescent bulb, it is necessary to widen the irradiation range (light distribution) of the emitted light from the LED without unevenness in luminance. In particular, it is necessary to expand the irradiation range in a direction exceeding 180 ° from the LED emission surface (behind the LED emission surface).
光の配光を広げる手段の一例として、特許文献１に記載されているように、平面の基板状にＬＥＤを配置した後、当該基板を折り曲げることによりＬＥＤを立体的に実装し、更に基板を覆う透光性のカバーを設けることにより、配光を広げる方法がある。 As an example of means for spreading the light distribution, as described in Patent Document 1, after arranging the LEDs on a flat substrate, the LEDs are three-dimensionally mounted by bending the substrate, and the substrate is further mounted. There is a method of widening light distribution by providing a light-transmitting cover.
そのほかに、透光性のカバーを高い散乱機能を有するものに置き換えて、配光を広げる方法が非特許文献１で示されている。 In addition, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a method of expanding the light distribution by replacing the translucent cover with one having a high scattering function.
そのほかに、ＬＥＤを円錐台状の台に設置し、該台の側面に反射体を用い、更に光拡散性を有する材料で形成した透光性カバーを設けることで、配光を広げる先行技術について、特許文献２で開示されている。 In addition to this, the LED is installed on a truncated cone-shaped table, a reflector is used on the side of the table, and a translucent cover formed of a material having light diffusibility is further provided, thereby extending the light distribution. Patent Document 2 discloses this.
また、ＬＥＤモジュールの上に前方に出射される光の量を減らしてその分だけ側方に出射される光の量を増加させるレンズを設置し、ＬＥＤモジュールの側部には導光部材を設け、導光部材の上部に反射材を設け、レンズにより導光部材に入射する光の量を増加させ、導光部材上部の反射材により後方に出射される光の量を増加させる方法について、特許文献３で開示されている。 In addition, a lens is installed on the LED module to reduce the amount of light emitted forward and increase the amount of light emitted laterally, and a light guide member is provided on the side of the LED module. Patent Document 1: A method for increasing the amount of light emitted backward by the reflective material on the light guide member by providing a reflective material on the top of the light guide member, increasing the amount of light incident on the light guide member by the lens It is disclosed in Document 3.
特許文献１に記載の技術では、ＬＥＤを立体的に実装する必要があり、製造工程が複雑となり、製造コストが高くなるという恐れがある。 In the technique described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to three-dimensionally mount the LEDs, which may complicate the manufacturing process and increase the manufacturing cost.
また、非特許文献１や特許文献２に記載の技術では、透光性カバーにより散乱あるいは拡散させるため光の損失が大きくなり、必要な明るさを得るためには、ＬＥＤにより大きなエネルギを入れる必要があり、省エネというＬＥＤを用いたランプの特徴を備えなくなる恐れがある。 Further, in the techniques described in Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, light loss is increased because the light is scattered or diffused by the translucent cover, and it is necessary to put a large amount of energy into the LED in order to obtain the necessary brightness. There is a risk that the feature of the lamp using the LED of energy saving may not be provided.
また、特許文献３で示されている構造では、導光部材の上に反射材があることにより、反射材上方に配光が広がらず光の出射の輝度むらが生じる恐れがある。 Further, in the structure shown in Patent Document 3, there is a possibility that light distribution does not spread above the reflective material and uneven brightness of light emission occurs due to the reflective material on the light guide member.
本発明は、ＬＥＤの実装およびカバーの製作が簡易で、かつ光の出射の輝度むらを防止して略球面状に均一な光を出射させるレンズ及びそれを用いた照明装置を実現することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to realize a lens that can easily mount LEDs and manufacture a cover, and can prevent uneven brightness of light emission and emit uniform light in a substantially spherical shape, and an illumination device using the lens. And
本発明は、光源と、前記光源を設けるための構造体と、それらを覆うカバーと、配光を広げるためのレンズを有する照明装置において、カバーは透光性を持ち、前記構造体は、円錐台または、円柱、あるいはそれらを組み合わせた形状であり、
前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記構造体から前記光源までの高さの比率は０.０３以上０.１５以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記カバーの高さの比率は１.５以上１.８３以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記カバーの最大径の比率は１.８３以上２.１６以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記構造体の高さの比率は０.３３以上０.５以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記レンズの高さの比率は０.１６以上０.３７以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記レンズの外径の比率は０.５３以上０.９７以内の範囲にあるように構成され、前記カバーの最大径を通る平面が、前記レンズの一部を横切るように配置されており、前記レンズは、ドーナツ状であり、光源の一部を覆い、前記光源の一部からの光を入射する第１０面と、入射した光を反射させる第１１面と、出射面となる第１２面を有し、第１０面は光源の一部発光面と対向する位置にある曲面であり、第１１面は光源の側方に向かって弓なり型にふくらむ曲面であり、第１０面の端は第１１面の端と繋がっており、第１１面の端は第１２面の端とつながっており、前記光源の一部からの光は第１０面から当該レンズ内に入射し、第１１面で反射され、第１２面で屈折されて前記光源の前方から後方に出射され、
前記光源のレンズに覆われていない他部からの光は、直接前記カバーに至ることを特徴とする。
The present invention relates to a lighting device having a light source, a structure for providing the light source, a cover for covering the light source, and a lens for widening light distribution. The cover has translucency, and the structure has a conical shape. It is a table or cylinder, or a combination of them,
The ratio of the height from the structure to the light source with respect to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15, and the light source of the structure is provided. The ratio of the height of the cover to the diameter of the portion is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is 1.83. The ratio of the height of the structure to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 0.33 or more and 0.5 or less. The ratio of the height of the lens to the diameter of the portion where the light source is provided is in the range of 0.16 or more and 0.37, and the outer diameter of the lens relative to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided. range near ratios of less than 0.53 or more and 0.9 or 7 And a plane passing through the maximum diameter of the cover is arranged so as to cross a part of the lens. The lens is donut-shaped, covers a part of the light source, and A tenth surface on which light from the light is incident, an eleventh surface that reflects the incident light, and a twelfth surface that is an emission surface, the tenth surface being at a position facing a part of the light emitting surface of the light source The eleventh surface is a curved surface that swells in a bow shape toward the side of the light source, the end of the tenth surface is connected to the end of the eleventh surface, and the end of the eleventh surface is the end of the twelfth surface The light from a part of the light source is incident on the lens from the 10th surface, reflected by the 11th surface, refracted by the 12th surface and emitted from the front to the rear of the light source,
The light from the other part not covered with the lens of the light source reaches the cover directly.
本発明によれば、レンズを用いることにより、後方（口金方向）への光の出射を増加させることができ、球面状に均一に光を出射することができる。 According to the present invention, by using the lens, it is possible to increase the emission of light backward (in the direction of the base), and it is possible to emit light uniformly in a spherical shape.
また、光源の位置をカバー開口部よりも高い位置に設けることにより、レンズからの出射光が遮られることを抑制することができる。 Further, by providing the light source at a position higher than the cover opening, it is possible to prevent the light emitted from the lens from being blocked.
また、光源を配置する構造体の側面を反射面とすることにより、カバーで散乱されて戻ってきた光を反射し、光の均一性を増加させる。 In addition, by using the side surface of the structure where the light source is disposed as a reflecting surface, the light scattered and returned by the cover is reflected, and the uniformity of the light is increased.
本発明によれば、光源と、光源を搭載するための構造体と、それらを覆うカバーと、配光を広げるためのレンズを有する照明装置において、前記構造体側面を反射面にし、前記カバー最大径の中心近傍に前記レンズを配置したことにより、ＬＥＤの実装およびカバーの製作が簡易で、かつ光の出射の輝度むらを防止して球面状に均一に光を出射させる照明装置を実現させることができる。 According to the present invention, in a lighting device having a light source, a structure for mounting the light source, a cover for covering the light source, and a lens for widening light distribution, the side surface of the structure is a reflective surface, By arranging the lens in the vicinity of the center of the diameter, it is possible to realize an illuminating device in which the mounting of the LED and the production of the cover are simple and the luminance unevenness of the light emission is prevented and the light is emitted uniformly in a spherical shape. Can do.
また、本発明によれば、光源と、光源を設けるための構造体と、それらを覆うカバーを有する照明装置において、カバーは透光性を持ち、前記構造体は、円錐台または円柱、あるいはそれらを組み合わせた形状であり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記構造体の上面から光源の発光面までの高さの比率は０.０３以上０.１５以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記カバーの高さの比率は１.５以上１.８３以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記カバーの最大径の比率は１.８３以上２.１６以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記構造体の高さの比率は０.３３以上０.５以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記レンズの高さの比率は０.２以上０.４以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記レンズの外径の比率は０.６７以上０.９３以内の範囲で構成され、カバーの最大径を通る平面が、前記レンズの一部を横切るように配置されていることにより、ＬＥＤの実装およびカバーの製作が簡易で、かつ光の出射の輝度むらを防止して球面状に均一に光を出射させる照明装置を実現させることができる。 According to the present invention, in the lighting device having a light source, a structure for providing the light source, and a cover for covering the light source, the cover has translucency, and the structure is a truncated cone or a cylinder, or these The ratio of the height from the upper surface of the structure to the light emitting surface of the light source with respect to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15. The ratio of the height of the cover to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83, and the ratio of the height of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided The ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover is in the range of 1.83 to 2.16, and the ratio of the height of the structure to the diameter of the portion of the structure where the light source is provided is 0.33 or more and 0.1. Within the range of 5 and the structure The ratio of the height of the lens to the diameter of the portion where the light source is provided is in the range of 0.2 to 0.4, and the outside of the lens with respect to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided The ratio of the diameter is configured in the range of 0.67 or more and 0.93, and the plane passing through the maximum diameter of the cover is arranged so as to cross a part of the lens. However, it is possible to realize an illumination device that is simple and emits light uniformly in a spherical shape by preventing unevenness in luminance of light emission.
また、本発明によれば、光源と、該光源を設けるための構造体と、前記光源上に設けられたレンズと、前記光源と前記レンズとを覆うカバーと、を有する照明装置において、前記カバーは開口部を有する略球形状をしており、前記カバーの最大径を通る平面が、前記レンズの一部を横切るように当該レンズは配置され、前記レンズの上端と、前記カバーの開口部と、を結んだ線の内側に前記構造体が位置することにより、ＬＥＤの実装およびカバーの製作が簡易で、かつ光の出射の輝度むらを防止して球面状に均一に光を出射させる照明装置を実現させることができる。 According to the present invention, in the illumination device including the light source, the structure for providing the light source, the lens provided on the light source, and the cover that covers the light source and the lens, the cover Has a substantially spherical shape with an opening, and the lens is arranged so that a plane passing through the maximum diameter of the cover crosses a part of the lens, and the upper end of the lens, the opening of the cover, , The structure is positioned inside the line connecting the, the LED mounting and the manufacture of the cover are simple, the luminance unevenness of the light emission is prevented, and the illumination device emits light uniformly in a spherical shape Can be realized.
また、本発明によれば、複数の光源と、前記光源を設けるための構造体と、それらを覆うカバーを有する照明装置において、カバーは透光性を持ち、前記構造体は、円錐台または、円柱、あるいはそれらを組み合わせた形状であり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記構造体から前記光源までの高さの比率は０.０３以上０.１５以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記カバーの高さの比率は１.５以上１.８３以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記カバーの最大径の比率は１.８３以上２.１６以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記構造体の高さの比率は０.３３以上０.５以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記レンズの高さの比率は０.２以上０.４以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記レンズの外径の比率は０.６７以上０.９３以内の範囲にあるように構成され、前記カバーの最大径を通る平面が、前記レンズの一部を横切るように配置されていることにより、ＬＥＤの実装およびカバーの製作が簡易で、かつ光の出射の輝度むらを防止して球面状に均一に光を出射させる照明装置を実現させることができる。 Further, according to the present invention, in a lighting device having a plurality of light sources, a structure for providing the light sources, and a cover covering them, the cover has translucency, and the structure is a truncated cone or The ratio of the height from the structure to the light source with respect to the diameter of the portion of the structure where the light source is provided is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15. The ratio of the height of the cover to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83, and the ratio of the height of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided The ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover is in the range of 1.83 to 2.16, and the ratio of the height of the structure to the diameter of the portion of the structure where the light source is provided is 0.33 or more and 0.1. Within the range of 5 The ratio of the height of the lens to the diameter of the part where the light source of the body is provided is in the range of 0.2 to 0.4, and the ratio of the lens to the diameter of the part where the light source of the structure is provided The ratio of the outer diameter is configured to be in a range of 0.67 or more and 0.93 or less, and a plane passing through the maximum diameter of the cover is arranged so as to cross a part of the lens. It is possible to realize an illuminating device in which mounting and manufacturing of a cover are simple and luminance unevenness of light emission is prevented and light is emitted uniformly in a spherical shape.
以下、実施例１から３について図面を用いて説明する。 Hereinafter, Examples 1 to 3 will be described with reference to the drawings.
本実施例では、ＬＥＤの実装およびカバーの製作が簡易で、かつ光の出射の輝度むらを防止する照明装置の例を説明する。図１は本発明の実施例１を、白熱電球の代替品照明装置として利用した場合の断面図である。照明装置１００は、カバー１、レンズＡ２、ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３、円柱状の反射体４、筐体５、電気回路６、口金７、基板１４０を有する。以下、図中の照明装置１００において、筐体５を基準としてカバー１のある方向を前方、口金７のある方向を後方とする。前方、後方にあたらない方向を側方と呼ぶこととする。チップオンボード型のＬＥＤモジュールＡ３が、円柱状の反射体４の上に搭載されている。ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３の発光面の上部に、配光を広げるためのレンズが設置される。円柱状の反射体４とＬＥＤモジュールＡ３とレンズＡ２とを覆う透光性のカバー１が有る。カバー１は、略円球状をしており、一部に開口部を有している。カバー１の開口部は空洞の筐体５と接続される。筐体５は、円錐台形状をしており、２つの円状部分にそれぞれ開口部を有している。筐体５のそれぞれの開口部は連通しており、筐体５は内部が空洞となっている。カバー１の開口部は筐体５の一方の開口部と接続される。筐体５の内部に電気回路６が備わっており、従来の白熱電球のソケットと接続するための口金７がある。上記構成により、照明装置１００をソケットに取り付けた場合、ソケットから口金７は電源を受け取り、図示しないリード線により口金７から電気回路６に電気が通じ、電気回路６からＬＥＤモジュールＡ３に電気が通じ、ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３が発光する。ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３から出射した光は、レンズＡ２に入射し、レンズＡ２からの光はレンズＡ２の前方、側方、後方まで広がり出射される。本実施例の照明装置１００の外観図を図２に、本実施例の照明装置１００からカバーを取り除いた状態の等角投影図を図３に示す。図３では、レンズの取り付け構造や配線などは省略して表示している。白熱電球の形状だけを模擬するのではなく、レンズで配光を広げ、かつ円柱状の反射体４上にＬＥＤモジュールＡ３をおき白熱電球と同じ位置に発光の中心をおき、白熱電球に配光を近づけることにより、白熱電球と同様の配光を実現することができるという効果を奏する。また、カバー１は、ブロー成型などの製作を行うことにより工程の短縮と簡略化を図っている。 In this embodiment, an example of an illuminating device in which the mounting of LEDs and the manufacture of a cover are simple and the luminance unevenness of light emission is prevented will be described. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the case where Example 1 of the present invention is used as an alternative lighting device for an incandescent bulb. The lighting device 100 includes a cover 1, a lens A 2, an LED module A 3, a cylindrical reflector 4, a housing 5, an electric circuit 6, a base 7, and a substrate 140. Hereinafter, in the illuminating device 100 in the figure, the direction in which the cover 1 is located with respect to the housing 5 is defined as the front, and the direction in which the base 7 is located is defined as the rear. The direction that does not hit the front or back is called the side. A chip-on-board type LED module A3 is mounted on a cylindrical reflector 4. A lens for spreading the light distribution is installed on the top of the light emitting surface of the LED module A3. There is a translucent cover 1 that covers the cylindrical reflector 4, the LED module A3, and the lens A2. The cover 1 has a substantially spherical shape and has an opening in part. The opening of the cover 1 is connected to a hollow housing 5. The housing 5 has a truncated cone shape and has openings in two circular portions. Each opening part of the housing | casing 5 is connected, and the inside of the housing | casing 5 is hollow. The opening of the cover 1 is connected to one opening of the housing 5. An electric circuit 6 is provided inside the housing 5, and there is a base 7 for connecting to a conventional incandescent light bulb socket. With the above-described configuration, when the lighting device 100 is attached to the socket, the base 7 receives power from the socket, and electricity is communicated from the base 7 to the electric circuit 6 through a lead wire (not shown), and electricity is communicated from the electric circuit 6 to the LED module A3. The LED module A3 emits light. The light emitted from the LED module A3 enters the lens A2, and the light from the lens A2 spreads out to the front, side, and rear of the lens A2. FIG. 2 is an external view of the illumination device 100 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the illumination device 100 of the present embodiment with the cover removed. In FIG. 3, the lens mounting structure and wiring are omitted. Rather than just simulating the shape of an incandescent bulb, the light distribution is widened by a lens, and the LED module A3 is placed on the cylindrical reflector 4, the light emission center is placed at the same position as the incandescent bulb, and the light is distributed to the incandescent bulb. By bringing the two close to each other, the same light distribution as that of the incandescent bulb can be realized. Further, the cover 1 is manufactured by blow molding or the like to shorten and simplify the process.
反射体を円柱状にすることにより、レンズＡ２から後方へ出射される光が遮られることを抑制できる。光が遮られることを少なくするために、円柱状の反射体４の直径は、レンズＡ２の上端９の外径以下であることが望ましい。また、円柱状の反射体４の側面を反射面にすることにより、カバー１で散乱されてカバー１の内側に戻ってきた光を再び反射し、光の均一性を増すことができる。 By making the reflector into a cylindrical shape, it is possible to prevent the light emitted backward from the lens A2 from being blocked. In order to reduce light blocking, it is desirable that the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 is equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end 9 of the lens A2. Further, by making the side surface of the cylindrical reflector 4 a reflecting surface, the light scattered by the cover 1 and returned to the inside of the cover 1 is reflected again, and the uniformity of the light can be increased.
レンズＡ２の断面図を図８に示す。ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３を覆うように設置されている。本実施例において、レンズＡ２は平坦部ａ（第５の面）とじょうご型の凹面ｂ（第４の面）と屈折面ｃ（第３の面）とおわん型の曲面ｄ（第２の面）と曲面ｅ（第１の面）と円錐状の凹部ｆと取っ掛かり部６０とから構成される。レンズＡ２において、曲面ｅは、ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３と対向する面である。曲面ｅは、平面である基板１４０の一方の面に配置されたＬＥＤモジュールＡ３を覆うような半球状をしている。曲面ｅには円錐状の凹部ｆが形成されている。ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３から照射される光の中で代表的な光線を光軸５００とすると、光軸５００と曲面ｅとが交差する部分に円錐状の凹部ｆが形成されている。円錐状の凹部ｆはレンズＡ２の内側に凹むように設けられている。円錐状の凹部ｆは円錐状の凹みである。ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３からの光は曲面ｅと円錐状の凹部ｆとに向かい、曲面ｅと円錐状の凹部ｆからレンズＡ２内に入射する。レンズＡ２における光の出射面は平坦部ａとじょうご型の凹面ｂと屈折面ｃとおわん型の曲面ｄとからなる。平坦部ａとじょうご型の凹面ｂとはレンズＡ２の上部に位置し、屈折面ｃとおわん型の曲面ｄとはレンズＡ２の側部に位置する。じょうご型の凹面ｂは、平坦部ａからじょうご型の凹面ｂと屈折面ｃとが接する部分に向かってレンズＡ２の上方向に膨らむような傾斜を有している。平坦部ａとじょうご型の凹面ｂと屈折面ｃにより略じょうご型が形成されている。
屈折面ｃはじょうご型の凹面ｂの側方から後方にかけて位置する。じょうご型の凹面ｂで囲まれた底面には平坦部ａが設けられている。じょうご型の凹面ｂは、曲面ｅや円錐状の凹部ｆからレンズＡ２内に入射した光をレンズＡ２の側方や後方にあたる屈折面ｃの方向へと反射する面としての機能と、屈折面ｃで反射された光を透過させレンズＡ２の前方に出射させる機能とを持つ。平坦部ａは、曲面ｅや円錐状の凹部ｆからレンズＡ２内に入射した光を照明装置前方へと透過させる機能を持つ。平坦部ａにより、照明装置の前方への光の出射量を増やしている。また、屈折面ｃはじょうご型の凹面ｂで反射された光を屈折させて、レンズＡ２から照明装置の側方や後方に出射させる機能と、曲面ｅから入射した光をじょうご型の凹面ｂ方向へと反射させる機能を持つ。おわん型の曲面ｄは曲面ｅからレンズＡ２内に入射した光を屈折させてレンズＡ２から出射する機能を持つ。おわん型の曲面ｄからは照明装置の前方から側方にかけて光が出射される。曲面ｅに円錐状の凹部ｆを形成することにより、じょうご型の凹面ｂへ当たる光の量を増やすことができる。じょうご型の凹面ｂへ当たる光の量を増やすことでじょうご型の凹面ｂからの光の反射量を増やすことができるので、電球の前方・側方・後方へと光を照射することができるようになり輝度むらを防止することができる。円錐状の凹部ｆから入射した光はじょうご型の凹面ｂで反射され、単に曲面ｅだけが設けられた場合に比べ照明装置の側方から後方への光の出射を増加させることになる。照明装置の側方から後方への光の出射を増加させることで、照明装置全体の輝度むらを減少させる機能を持つ。
A sectional view of the lens A2 is shown in FIG. It is installed so as to cover the LED module A3. In this embodiment, the lens A2 includes a flat portion a (fifth surface), a funnel-shaped concave surface b (fourth surface), a refracting surface c (third surface), and a bowl-shaped curved surface d (second surface). ), A curved surface e (first surface), a conical recess f, and a handle portion 60. In the lens A2, the curved surface e is a surface facing the LED module A3. The curved surface e has a hemispherical shape so as to cover the LED module A3 disposed on one surface of the substrate 140 which is a flat surface. A conical recess f is formed on the curved surface e. If a representative light ray in the light irradiated from the LED module A3 is an optical axis 500, a conical recess f is formed at a portion where the optical axis 500 and the curved surface e intersect. The conical recess f is provided so as to be recessed inside the lens A2. The conical recess f is a conical recess. Light from the LED module A3 travels toward the curved surface e and the conical recess f, and enters the lens A2 from the curved surface e and the conical recess f. The light exit surface of the lens A2 includes a flat portion a, a funnel-shaped concave surface b, a refractive surface c, and a bowl-shaped curved surface d. The flat part a and the funnel-shaped concave surface b are located at the upper part of the lens A2, and the refractive surface c and the bowl-shaped curved surface d are located at the side part of the lens A2. The funnel-shaped concave surface b has an inclination that swells upward from the flat portion a toward the portion where the funnel-shaped concave surface b and the refractive surface c contact each other. A substantially funnel shape is formed by the flat portion a, the funnel-shaped concave surface b, and the refracting surface c.
The refracting surface c is located from the side to the rear of the funnel-shaped concave surface b. A flat portion a is provided on the bottom surface surrounded by the funnel-shaped concave surface b. The funnel-shaped concave surface b functions as a surface that reflects light incident on the lens A2 from the curved surface e or the conical concave portion f toward the side of the lens A2 or the direction of the refractive surface c on the rear side, and the refractive surface c. And has a function of transmitting the light reflected by the lens A2 and emitting it to the front of the lens A2. The flat portion a has a function of transmitting light incident on the lens A2 from the curved surface e or the conical concave portion f to the front of the lighting device. The amount of light emitted to the front of the lighting device is increased by the flat portion a. Further, the refractive surface c refracts the light reflected by the funnel-shaped concave surface b and emits the light from the lens A2 to the side or rear of the lighting device, and the light incident from the curved surface e in the direction of the funnel-shaped concave surface b. Has the function of reflecting to the back. The bowl-shaped curved surface d has a function of refracting light incident on the lens A2 from the curved surface e and emitting it from the lens A2. Light is emitted from the bowl-shaped curved surface d from the front to the side of the lighting device. By forming the conical concave portion f on the curved surface e, the amount of light hitting the funnel-shaped concave surface b can be increased. Since the amount of light reflected from the funnel-shaped concave surface b can be increased by increasing the amount of light hitting the funnel-shaped concave surface b, it is possible to irradiate light to the front, side, and rear of the bulb. And uneven brightness can be prevented. The light incident from the conical recess f is reflected by the funnel-shaped concave surface b, and increases the emission of light from the side of the illumination device to the rear as compared with the case where only the curved surface e is provided. By increasing the emission of light from the side to the rear of the lighting device, it has a function of reducing the luminance unevenness of the entire lighting device.
光軸５００と、円錐状の凹部ｆがなす角度θ１は、じょうご型の凹面ｂへの光の当たり方を考慮すると２０〜６０°前後が望ましい。例えば、θ１の角度が４８°である時、平坦部ａの長さを０.６mm、じょうご型の凹面ｂの大きさを半径６mm×１２mmの楕円形状の１／４がなす弧であることが望ましい。しかし、θ１の角度や平坦部ａの大きさが変化すれば、じょうご型の凹面ｂの大きさも変化する。また、曲面ｅの円錐状の凹部ｆの開口部を円錐状の凹部ｆの底面と呼ぶことにすると、円錐状の凹部ｆの底面の大きさは、ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３の発光面の大きさよりも小さいことが望ましい。円錐状の凹部ｆを経由してじょうご型の凹面ｂで反射される光と、曲面ｅを経由してじょうご型の凹面ｂで反射される光の２種類ができることにより、側方から後方への出射光を輝度むらを防止して広げることができる。また、θ１の角度が４８°である時、平坦部ａの長さが０.６mm、じょうご型の凹面ｂの大きさは半径６×１２mmの楕円形状の１／４が成す弧、じょうご型の凹面ｂと屈折面ｃが成す角度は５５°、おわん型の曲面ｄと曲面ｅの垂直底面は１mm、おわん型の曲面ｄは半径９mm×１２mmの楕円形状の一部の弧、曲面ｅは半径３mm×８mmの楕円形状の一部の弧、レンズ１中心部の厚さは０.５mmであることが望ましい。ただし、じょうご型の凹面ｂの曲率を調整し、後方への光の出射量を調整するならば、その他の比率でも良い。 The angle θ1 formed by the optical axis 500 and the conical concave portion f is preferably about 20 to 60 ° in consideration of how the light hits the funnel-shaped concave surface b. For example, when the angle θ1 is 48 °, the length of the flat portion a is 0.6 mm, and the size of the funnel-shaped concave surface b is an arc formed by an elliptical quarter having a radius of 6 mm × 12 mm. desirable. However, if the angle θ1 or the size of the flat portion a changes, the size of the funnel-shaped concave surface b also changes. Further, when the opening of the conical recess f of the curved surface e is called the bottom surface of the conical recess f, the size of the bottom surface of the conical recess f is smaller than the size of the light emitting surface of the LED module A3. It is desirable. The light reflected from the funnel-shaped concave surface b via the conical concave portion f and the light reflected from the funnel-shaped concave surface b via the curved surface e can be produced. The emitted light can be widened while preventing uneven brightness. When the angle θ1 is 48 °, the length of the flat portion a is 0.6 mm, and the size of the funnel-shaped concave surface b is an arc formed by an elliptical quarter having a radius of 6 × 12 mm. The angle formed by the concave surface b and the refractive surface c is 55 °, the vertical bottom surface of the bowl-shaped curved surface d and the curved surface e is 1 mm, the bowl-shaped curved surface d is a partial arc of an ellipse with a radius of 9 mm × 12 mm, and the curved surface e is a radius It is desirable that the thickness of the central part of the lens 1 and the arc of a 3 mm × 8 mm elliptical part is 0.5 mm. However, other ratios may be used as long as the curvature of the funnel-shaped concave surface b is adjusted and the amount of light emitted backward is adjusted.
レンズＡ２の外形は略じょうご型と略おわん型とをそれぞれの面積が小さい部分が向かい合うように組み合わせた形状をしている。レンズＡ２を側面から見ると略砂時計形状である。略じょうご型の外周側面は本実施例でいうところの屈折面ｃであり、略じょうご型の内周側面は本実施例でいうところのじょうご型の凹面ｂである。略じょうご型の内周側面で囲まれた部分は本実施例でいうところの平坦部ａである。略おわん形の外周側面は本実施例でいうところのおわん型の曲面ｄであり、略おわん形の円錐台の内周側面は本実施例でいうところの曲面ｅである。曲面ｅの一部には凹部が設けられている。曲面ｅの一部に設けられている凹部は本実施例でいうところの円錐状の凹部ｆである。本実施例において円錐状の凹部ｆの形状は円錐状である。おわん型の曲面ｄの一端は曲面ｅの端とつながっており、屈折面ｃの一端とおわん型の曲面ｄの他端はつながっている。じょうご型の凹面ｂの一端と屈折面ｃの他端はつながっており、平坦部ａはじょうご型の凹面ｂの他端とつながっている。本実施例において、略じょうご型、略おわん型を表現したが、この限りでない。それぞれの面の機能を達する形状であればレンズＡ２の外形はこれに限るものではない。例えば、円錐状の凹部ｆの形状は、前方への光の出射量を調整するために、円錐台状としても良い。 The outer shape of the lens A2 is a shape in which a substantially funnel type and a substantially bowl shape are combined so that the portions with small areas face each other. When the lens A2 is viewed from the side, it has a substantially hourglass shape. The outer peripheral side surface of the substantially funnel type is the refracting surface c in the present embodiment, and the inner peripheral side surface of the substantially funnel type is the funnel-shaped concave surface b in the present embodiment. The portion surrounded by the inner peripheral side surface of the substantially funnel type is the flat portion a in this embodiment. The outer peripheral side surface of the substantially bowl shape is a bowl-shaped curved surface d as used in this embodiment, and the inner peripheral side surface of the substantially bowl-shaped truncated cone is a curved surface e as used in this embodiment. A concave portion is provided in a part of the curved surface e. The concave portion provided in a part of the curved surface e is a conical concave portion f in the present embodiment. In this embodiment, the conical recess f has a conical shape. One end of the bowl-shaped curved surface d is connected to the end of the curved surface e, and one end of the refracting surface c is connected to the other end of the bowl-shaped curved surface d. One end of the funnel-shaped concave surface b and the other end of the refracting surface c are connected, and the flat portion a is connected to the other end of the funnel-shaped concave surface b. In the present embodiment, a substantially funnel shape and a substantially bowl shape have been expressed, but this is not restrictive. The outer shape of the lens A2 is not limited to this as long as the shape can achieve the functions of the respective surfaces. For example, the shape of the conical recess f may be a truncated cone in order to adjust the amount of light emitted forward.
レンズＡ２は曲面ｅによりＬＥＤモジュールＡ３を覆うように設けられている。ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３の発光面３からの光は曲面ｅや円錐状の凹部ｆに入射する。曲面ｅに入射した光は曲面ｅの曲率とレンズＡ２の屈折率に従い屈折する。直進性が強いＬＥＤモジュールＡ３からの光は曲面ｅにより前方への配光が広がる。また、円錐状の凹部ｆに入射した光も屈折する。曲面ｅを通過した光は、平坦部ａ，じょうご型の凹面ｂ，屈折面ｃ，おわん型の曲面ｄへと至る。円錐状の凹部ｆを通過した光はじょうご型の凹面ｂへと至る。
平坦部ａに至った光は前方へと光を出射する。じょうご型の凹面ｂへと至った光のうち、一部の光はじょうご型の凹面ｂから前方へと光を出射し、他の光は再びレンズ１内へと光を反射させる。曲面ｅやじょうご型の凹面ｂから屈折面ｃやおわん型の曲面ｄに至った光は屈折し、前方や側方や後方へと光を出射する。曲面ｅはＬＥＤモジュールＡ３からの光の配向を広げるために設けられる。じょうご型の凹面ｂは光を前方に透過したりレンズＡ２内に反射するために設けられる。平坦部ａは光をレンズＡ２の前方に透過するために設けられる。屈折面ｃは光をレンズＡ２の側方や後方に向けるために設けられる。おわん型の曲面ｄは光を前方や側方に向けるために設けられる。
The lens A2 is provided so as to cover the LED module A3 with the curved surface e. Light from the light emitting surface 3 of the LED module A3 is incident on the curved surface e and the conical recess f. The light incident on the curved surface e is refracted according to the curvature of the curved surface e and the refractive index of the lens A2. Light from the LED module A3, which has a strong straightness, spreads forward through the curved surface e. Further, the light incident on the conical recess f is also refracted. The light passing through the curved surface e reaches the flat portion a, the funnel-shaped concave surface b, the refracting surface c, and the bowl-shaped curved surface d. The light that has passed through the conical recess f reaches the funnel-shaped concave surface b.
The light that reaches the flat portion a emits light forward. Of the light reaching the funnel-shaped concave surface b, some of the light is emitted forward from the funnel-shaped concave surface b, and the other light is reflected back into the lens 1. The light from the curved surface e or the funnel-shaped concave surface b to the refracting surface c or the bowl-shaped curved surface d is refracted and emitted to the front, side, or rear. The curved surface e is provided to widen the orientation of light from the LED module A3. The funnel-shaped concave surface b is provided in order to transmit light forward or reflect it into the lens A2. The flat part a is provided to transmit light in front of the lens A2. The refracting surface c is provided for directing light to the side or rear of the lens A2. The bowl-shaped curved surface d is provided for directing light forward or sideward.
本実施例では、発光面と対向する面とその反対側に内側に凹んだ面を有するレンズの例を示したが、前方（カバー方向）から後方（口金方向）に光を配光できるのならば、その他の形状のレンズでも構わない。また、レンズでの光のロスを少なくするために、レンズは配光を広げる機能を保つ範囲で、小さくすることが望ましい。 In the present embodiment, an example of a lens having a surface facing the light emitting surface and a surface recessed inward on the opposite side is shown. However, if light can be distributed from the front (cover direction) to the rear (cap direction). For example, lenses having other shapes may be used. Further, in order to reduce the loss of light in the lens, it is desirable to make the lens as small as possible while maintaining the function of spreading the light distribution.
白熱電球における発光中心は、カバー最大径の位置ａｂの中心近傍である。円柱状の反射体４の高さを低くすると、光の出射位置をカバー最大径の位置ａｂにするためには、レンズの高さ（厚み）を増す必要がある。レンズの高さ（厚み）を増すと、光のロスが増加する恐れがある。また、円柱状の反射体４の高さをカバー最大径の位置ａｂよりも高くすると、レンズＡ２とカバー１の距離が近づき、カバー表面にレンズの影がうつりこみ、見た目が悪化する恐れがある。これらのことを考慮して、カバー１、円柱状の反射体４、レンズＡ２の相応しい形状の比を考えると、円柱状の反射体４の直径に対する円柱状の反射体４からＬＥＤモジュールＡ３までの高さの比率は０.０３以上０.１５以内の範囲にあり、円柱状の反射体４の直径に対するカバー１の高さの比率は１.５以上１.８３以内の範囲にあり、円柱状の反射体４の直径に対するカバー１の最大径の比率は１.８３以上２.１６以内の範囲にあり、円柱状の反射体４の直径に対する円柱状の反射体４の高さの比率は０.３３以上０.５以内の範囲にあり、円柱状の反射体４の直径に対するレンズの高さの比率は０.２以上０.４以内の範囲にあり、円柱状の反射体４の直径に対するレンズの外径の比率は０.６７以上０.９３以内の範囲にあるように構成されることが望ましい。また、レンズＡ２が発光体となることから、カバー１の最大径の位置ａを通る水平面が、レンズＡ２の一部を横切るように配置されていることが望ましい。レンズＡ２の上面の凹部が光を後方に出射させるための反射面となっているので、カバーの略中心から光を出射させるためには、カバーの最大径の位置ａを通る水平面が、レンズＡ２の上端から高さ方向半分の間の範囲にあると良い。カバーへのレンズＡ２のうつり込みが無いのならば、レンズＡ２の下部で横切るように配置されていても良い。 The emission center in the incandescent lamp is near the center of the position ab having the maximum cover diameter. If the height of the cylindrical reflector 4 is lowered, it is necessary to increase the height (thickness) of the lens in order to set the light emission position to the position ab having the maximum cover diameter. Increasing the height (thickness) of the lens may increase the loss of light. Further, if the height of the cylindrical reflector 4 is made higher than the position ab where the cover has the maximum diameter, the distance between the lens A2 and the cover 1 becomes closer, and the shadow of the lens is reflected on the cover surface, which may deteriorate the appearance. . Considering these things, when considering the ratio of the appropriate shape of the cover 1, the cylindrical reflector 4, and the lens A2, from the cylindrical reflector 4 to the LED module A3 with respect to the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 The ratio of the height is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15, and the ratio of the height of the cover 1 to the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83. The ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover 1 to the diameter of the reflector 4 is in the range of 1.83 to 2.16, and the ratio of the height of the cylindrical reflector 4 to the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 is 0. The ratio of the lens height to the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 is in the range of 0.2 to 0.4, and the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 is in the range of 0.33 to 0.5. The lens outer diameter ratio should be configured to be in the range of 0.67 to 0.93. It is desirable In addition, since the lens A2 serves as a light emitter, it is desirable that the horizontal plane passing through the position a of the maximum diameter of the cover 1 is arranged so as to cross a part of the lens A2. Since the concave portion on the upper surface of the lens A2 serves as a reflection surface for emitting light backward, in order to emit light from substantially the center of the cover, a horizontal plane passing through the position a having the maximum diameter of the cover must be a lens A2. It is good if it is in the range between the upper half of the height direction half. If there is no lens A2 in the cover, it may be arranged so as to cross the lower part of the lens A2.
レンズＡ２は、旋盤、射出成型、光造形及び鋳造などの多数の良く知られた技術を利用して製造することができる。レンズＡ２は、ポリメチルメタクリレート（ＰＭＭＡ、通称アクリル）やポリカーボネート（ＰＣ、通称ポリカ）などから作られる。ただし、透光性材料であれば良く、これらの材料に限定されないが、レンズでの光のロスが少ない材料のほうが省エネの観点から望ましい。また、複数の材料を用いても良いし、レンズＡ２内部にポリメチルメタクリレートやポリカーボネートなどから成る１０００ｎｍ程度の大きさの微粒子を混合することによって、散乱特性を持たせても良い。レンズＡ２に散乱特性を持たせることにより、散乱によって光のロスは大きくなるが、より均一な輝度むらの少ない光を有することができる。 Lens A2 can be manufactured using a number of well-known techniques such as lathe, injection molding, stereolithography and casting. The lens A2 is made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, commonly known as acrylic), polycarbonate (PC, commonly known as polycarbonate), or the like. However, any material can be used as long as it is a light-transmitting material, and the material is not limited to these materials. However, a material with less loss of light at the lens is more desirable from the viewpoint of energy saving. Further, a plurality of materials may be used, or scattering characteristics may be provided by mixing fine particles having a size of about 1000 nm made of polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate into the lens A2. By providing the lens A2 with scattering characteristics, light loss increases due to scattering, but more uniform light with less luminance unevenness can be obtained.
レンズＡ２の屈折率は、一般的な透明部材が有する１.５４前後であることが好ましいが、使用する材料に基づいて、これより高いか又はより低い屈折率を有することができる。レンズＡ２内の光の屈折や反射角度は、屈折率に依存するため、レンズＡ２で使用する材料の屈折率によって、形状の変更が必要である。 The refractive index of the lens A2 is preferably about 1.54 that a general transparent member has, but can have a higher or lower refractive index based on the material used. Since the refraction and reflection angle of the light in the lens A2 depend on the refractive index, the shape needs to be changed depending on the refractive index of the material used in the lens A2.
レンズＡ２の取り付け方法は図１では省略したが、図８に示すようにレンズ底面に取っ掛かり部６０を作り、シリコーンなどの接着剤やネジなどを用いて取り付ける。その他の方法で取り付けても良い。 Although the attachment method of the lens A2 is omitted in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 8, a handle portion 60 is formed on the bottom surface of the lens and attached using an adhesive such as silicone or a screw. You may attach by other methods.
透光性のカバー１は、筺体５と連結される。カバー１の材料はポリメチルメタクリレートやポリカーボネートなどの樹脂でも良いし、ガラスを用いてもよい。樹脂を用いる場合にはブロー成型などを用いて一体で成型する。カバー１は透明でも有色でも構わないが、レンズから出射された光の均一性を増加させるために、二酸化ケイ素やポリカーボネートなどの１０００ｎｍ程度の大きさの微粒子を混合することにより、散乱特性を持たせることが望ましい。また、カバー１の材質にガラスを用いた場合は、カバー内面にＳｉＯ2などの微粒子を塗布することにより、散乱特性を持たせることができる。ろうそくの炎のような、きらめき感を出したい場合には、透光性のカバー１は散乱性を持たなくても良い。 The translucent cover 1 is connected to the housing 5. The material of the cover 1 may be a resin such as polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate, or glass. When resin is used, it is molded integrally using blow molding or the like. The cover 1 may be transparent or colored, but in order to increase the uniformity of the light emitted from the lens, it has scattering characteristics by mixing fine particles having a size of about 1000 nm such as silicon dioxide and polycarbonate. It is desirable. Further, when glass is used as the material of the cover 1, scattering characteristics can be imparted by applying fine particles such as SiO 2 to the inner surface of the cover. When it is desired to give a glittering feeling like a candle flame, the translucent cover 1 does not have to be scattering.
筺体５は、電気回路６の収納と、ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３で発生する熱のヒートシンクも兼ねているため、熱伝導性の高い材料、例えば、アルミニウムやアルミ合金、銅などの金属材料を用いることが望ましいが、その他の材料でも構わない。また筐体５の空洞部は、シリコーンなどの樹脂を充填しても良い。また、表面には、放熱を促進する塗料を塗布しても良い。筐体５と円柱状の反射体４を一体化して作ることで熱伝導性が良くなり、放熱と反射を兼ね備えた塗料を表面に塗布することで、工程を縮小することもできる。筐体５の外側には、放熱効果を高めるためにフィン形状を形成しても良い。放熱効果が高くなると、同じ電力でもＬＥＤモジュールの発光効率が良くなるため明るくなる。従来製品の置換えを考えると、フィンを追加した場合でも、従来の白熱電球の外形寸法に収まるほうが良い。 Since the housing 5 also serves as a heat sink for housing the electric circuit 6 and the heat generated in the LED module A3, it is desirable to use a material having high thermal conductivity, for example, a metal material such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or copper. However, other materials may be used. The cavity of the housing 5 may be filled with a resin such as silicone. Moreover, you may apply | coat the coating material which accelerates | stimulates heat radiation to the surface. By making the housing 5 and the cylindrical reflector 4 integrally, the thermal conductivity is improved, and the process can be reduced by applying a paint having both heat dissipation and reflection to the surface. A fin shape may be formed on the outside of the housing 5 in order to enhance the heat dissipation effect. When the heat dissipation effect is increased, the light emission efficiency of the LED module is improved even with the same power, so that the brightness is increased. Considering the replacement of conventional products, it is better to fit the outer dimensions of conventional incandescent bulbs even when fins are added.
電気回路６は、ＬＥＤモジュールＡ３を駆動するために、交流電源を直流電源に変換する役目を持っている。電気回路６は、トランス、コンデンサなどで構成されるが、利用するＬＥＤモジュールＡ３の仕様によって、電気回路６の構成は異なる。 The electric circuit 6 has a function of converting an AC power source into a DC power source in order to drive the LED module A3. The electric circuit 6 includes a transformer, a capacitor, and the like, but the configuration of the electric circuit 6 differs depending on the specification of the LED module A3 to be used.
この形態については、白熱電球用のソケットに取り付ける照明装置を例に説明したが、前述した円柱状の反射体４とレンズＡ２は、このような白熱電球用に限定されず、他タイプの照明装置にも適用可能であり、特許請求の範囲に記載した事項において、様々に変更した形態にて実施可能である。 In this embodiment, the lighting device attached to the socket for the incandescent bulb has been described as an example. However, the cylindrical reflector 4 and the lens A2 described above are not limited to such an incandescent bulb, and other types of lighting devices. The present invention is also applicable to the present invention, and can be implemented in variously modified forms in the matters described in the claims.
また、以上の実施形態において、光源としてチップオンボードのＬＥＤモジュールＡ３を用いているが、これに限定されず、他タイプのＬＥＤやその他の発光素子、例えば有機ＥＬ、無機ＥＬなどを用いても良い。 In the above embodiment, the chip-on-board LED module A3 is used as the light source. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of LEDs and other light-emitting elements such as organic EL and inorganic EL may be used. good.
本実施例２では、実施例１の別方式について説明する。図４は本発明の実施例２を、白熱電球の代替品照明装置として利用した場合の断面図である。図５は実施例２のカバーを取り除いた状態の等角投影図である。図５では、レンズの取り付け構造や配線などは省略して表示している。実施例１と異なる部分は円柱状の反射体４の代わりに円錐台状の反射体４０を用いたことである。そのほかの部分は実施例１と同様であるため説明は省略する。円錐台状の反射体４０を用いることにより、カバー１で散乱されて内側に戻ってきた光を、効率良く反射することができる。また、レンズＡ２から出射される光が遮られることを防止するために、円錐台状の反射体４０の側面は、レンズＡ２の上端９とカバー開口部８を結ぶ線ｃｄよりも内側にあることが望ましい。また、ＬＥＤが載置される部材の側面がレンズＡ２の上端９とカバー開口部８を結ぶ線ｃｄよりも内側にあるならばＬＥＤが載置される部材は円錐台の形状でなくても良く、例えば円錐台と円柱を組み合わせた形状の反射体を用いても良い。また、白熱電球の代替として用いる場合には、白熱電球と同じ位置に光源が存在するほうが見た目の違和感が少ないことから、レンズＡ２の上端または一部が、カバー１の最大径の位置ａｂの水平面を横切ることが望ましい。 In the second embodiment, another method of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the case where the second embodiment of the present invention is used as an alternative illumination device for an incandescent bulb. FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the second embodiment with the cover removed. In FIG. 5, the lens mounting structure and wiring are omitted. The difference from the first embodiment is that a truncated cone-shaped reflector 40 is used instead of the cylindrical reflector 4. Since other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted. By using the truncated conical reflector 40, the light scattered by the cover 1 and returning to the inside can be efficiently reflected. Further, in order to prevent the light emitted from the lens A2 from being blocked, the side surface of the truncated conical reflector 40 is located inside the line cd connecting the upper end 9 of the lens A2 and the cover opening 8. Is desirable. If the side surface of the member on which the LED is placed is inside the line cd connecting the upper end 9 of the lens A2 and the cover opening 8, the member on which the LED is placed does not have to be in the shape of a truncated cone. For example, you may use the reflector of the shape which combined the truncated cone and the cylinder. Further, when used as an alternative to an incandescent light bulb, the presence of the light source at the same position as the incandescent light bulb has a less unnatural appearance, so the upper end or a part of the lens A2 has a horizontal plane at the position ab where the maximum diameter of the cover 1 is. It is desirable to cross
この形態においても、白熱電球用のソケットに取り付ける照明装置を例に説明したが、前述した円錐台状の反射体４０とレンズＡ２は、このような白熱電球用に限定されず、他タイプの照明装置にも適用可能であり、特許請求の範囲に記載した事項において、様々に変更した形態にて実施可能である。 Also in this embodiment, the lighting device attached to the socket for the incandescent bulb has been described as an example. However, the above-described truncated cone-shaped reflector 40 and the lens A2 are not limited to such an incandescent bulb, but other types of lighting. The present invention can also be applied to an apparatus, and can be implemented in various modifications in the matters described in the claims.
また、以上の実施形態において、光源としてチップオンボードのＬＥＤモジュールＡ３を用いているが、これに限定されず、他タイプのＬＥＤやその他の発光素子、例えば有機ＥＬ、無機ＥＬなどを用いても良い。 In the above embodiment, the chip-on-board LED module A3 is used as the light source. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of LEDs and other light-emitting elements such as organic EL and inorganic EL may be used. good.
本実施例３では、複数の光源を用いた場合について説明する。図６は実施例３を、白熱電球の代替品照明装置として利用した場合の断面図である。図７（ａ）に示すように、表面実装型のＬＥＤモジュールＢ３０を同心円状に配置し、その中心にＬＥＤモジュールＣ３１を配置した。複数の光源を用いることにより、昼白色と電球色などの色の混在を行うことができる。 In the third embodiment, a case where a plurality of light sources are used will be described. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view when Example 3 is used as an alternative lighting device for an incandescent bulb. As shown in FIG. 7A, the surface mount type LED module B30 was concentrically arranged, and the LED module C31 was arranged at the center thereof. By using a plurality of light sources, it is possible to mix colors such as daylight white color and light bulb color.
実施例１と同様に、カバー最大径の位置ａｂの水平面が成す面にドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０があることが望ましい。また、実施例２と同様に、円錐台状の反射体４０の側面の傾斜は、ドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０の上端９０と、カバー開口部８を結ぶ線ｅｆよりも内側にあることが望ましい。また、実施例１と同様にレンズを上にあげるとカバーに近づくため、レンズの影がカバーにうつり、見た目が良くない。 As in the first embodiment, it is desirable that the donut-shaped lens B20 is provided on the surface formed by the horizontal plane at the position ab having the maximum cover diameter. As in the second embodiment, the inclination of the side surface of the truncated cone-shaped reflector 40 is preferably inside the line ef connecting the upper end 90 of the donut-shaped lens B20 and the cover opening 8. Similarly to the first embodiment, when the lens is lifted up, it approaches the cover, so that the shadow of the lens moves on the cover, and the appearance is not good.
それらのことを考慮すると、相応しい形状は、円錐台上面の直径に対する円柱状の反射体４からＬＥＤモジュールＡ３までの高さの比率は０.０３以上０.１５以内の範囲にあり、円錐台上面の直径に対するカバー１の高さの比率は１.５以上１.８３以内の範囲にあり、円錐台上面の直径に対するカバー１の最大径の比率は１.８３以上２.１６以内の範囲にあり、円錐台上面の直径に対する円柱状の反射体４の高さの比率は０.３３以上０.５以内の範囲にあり、円錐台上面の直径に対するレンズの高さの比率は０.１６以上０.３７以内の範囲にあり、円錐台上面の直径に対するレンズの外径の比率は０.５３以上０.９７以内の範囲にあるように構成されていることが望ましい。 In consideration of those, the suitable shape is that the ratio of the height from the cylindrical reflector 4 to the LED module A3 with respect to the diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15, and the upper surface of the truncated cone is The ratio of the height of the cover 1 to the diameter of the cover is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover 1 to the diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone is in the range of 1.83 to 2.16. The ratio of the height of the cylindrical reflector 4 to the diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone is in the range of 0.33 or more and 0.5 or less, and the ratio of the lens height to the diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone is 0.16 or more and 0. It is desirable that the ratio of the outer diameter of the lens to the diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone be in the range of 0.53 to 0.97.
中心に配置したＬＥＤモジュールＣ３１からの光が、ドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０に入りロスとなるため、図７（ｂ）のように、中心にはＬＥＤモジュールＣ３１を配置しないほうが良い。しかし、レンズ２０の内径を変更し、中心に配置したＬＥＤモジュールＣ３１からの光の入射を減らせるのであれば、配置しても良い。 Since the light from the LED module C31 arranged at the center enters the donut-shaped lens B20 and becomes a loss, it is better not to arrange the LED module C31 at the center as shown in FIG. 7B. However, if the inner diameter of the lens 20 is changed and the incidence of light from the LED module C31 disposed at the center can be reduced, the lens 20 may be disposed.
ドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０の取り付けについては、レンズ取付け部２１などを作り、シリコーンなどの接着剤などで固定する。点灯時の熱や、経年劣化による樹脂の変形を受けにくい方法で固定することが望ましい。ドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０と、レンズ取付け部２１は、一体成型したほうが製造工程を減らせるが、別に作っても構わない。 For attachment of the donut-shaped lens B20, the lens attachment portion 21 and the like are made and fixed with an adhesive such as silicone. It is desirable to fix by a method that is less susceptible to heat during lighting and resin deformation due to aging. The doughnut-shaped lens B20 and the lens mounting portion 21 can be manufactured separately if they are integrally molded, but the manufacturing process can be reduced.
ドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０の形状について、断面図９を用いて説明する。ドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０は、ＬＥＤモジュールＢ３０からの光の入射面である曲面状の凸面ｆ２（第１０の面）と弓なり型の凹面ｂ２（第１１の面）と出射面ｃ２（第１２の面）とレンズ取付け部の取付け面ｐと平面ｑとで構成される。また、中心６００がドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０の空洞部の中心となるように配置される。また、電球前方へ光を出射させるために、ＬＥＤモジュールＢ３０の発光面の一部分のみをドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０は覆う。発光面の大きさを１とすると、覆われる領域の大きさは０.２〜０.８程度が良い。覆われる量が少ないと電球前方への光の出射が多くなり、少ないと電球後方への光の出射が少なくなるため、０.６前後が望ましい。ＬＥＤモジュールから出射される光の様子をドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０を通る光線３０１に示す。ドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０を通らずに前方方向へ出射される光と曲面上の凸面ｆ２に入射する光がある。曲面上の凸面ｆ２に入った光は、弓なり型の凹面ｂ２で反射されるが、一部は屈折により前方へ出射される。弓なり型の凹面ｂ２で反射された光は、出射面ｃ２で屈折することにより前方から後方へ出射する。
光のロスを小さくするために、レンズ取付け部の取付け面ｐと平面ｑでは、光の反射や出射はほとんど無いように弓なり型の凹面ｂ２は設計した。ＬＥＤモジュールの発光面の幅を１とすると、弓なり型の凹部の高さは１.５前後で幅は１.４前後であることが望ましい。レンズ取付け部の取付け面ｐと平面ｑは平坦部としたが、形状による光線への影響がほとんど無いため、ややふくらみをもつような曲面としても良い。また、レンズ取付け部２１は平面ｑと接続しても良い。
The shape of the donut-shaped lens B20 will be described with reference to a cross-sectional view. The donut-shaped lens B20 includes a curved convex surface f2 (tenth surface) that is a light incident surface from the LED module B30, an arcuate concave surface b2 (eleventh surface), and an exit surface c2 (twelfth surface). ) And a mounting surface p and a plane q of the lens mounting portion. Further, the center 600 is disposed so as to be the center of the hollow portion of the donut-shaped lens B20. In addition, the donut-shaped lens B20 covers only a part of the light emitting surface of the LED module B30 in order to emit light forward of the bulb. When the size of the light emitting surface is 1, the size of the covered region is preferably about 0.2 to 0.8. When the amount covered is small, the amount of light emitted to the front of the bulb increases, and when the amount is small, the amount of light emitted to the rear of the bulb decreases, so about 0.6 is desirable. A state of light emitted from the LED module is shown as a light beam 301 passing through a donut-shaped lens B20. There are light emitted forward without passing through the donut-shaped lens B20 and light incident on the convex surface f2 on the curved surface. The light that has entered the convex surface f2 on the curved surface is reflected by the bow-shaped concave surface b2, but part of it is emitted forward by refraction. The light reflected by the bow-shaped concave surface b2 exits from the front to the back by being refracted by the exit surface c2.
In order to reduce the loss of light, the bow-shaped concave surface b2 is designed so that there is almost no reflection or emission of light on the mounting surface p and the plane q of the lens mounting portion. When the width of the light emitting surface of the LED module is 1, it is desirable that the height of the bow-shaped recess is about 1.5 and the width is about 1.4. Although the mounting surface p and the plane q of the lens mounting portion are flat portions, they may have a slightly swelled curved surface because the shape has almost no influence on the light beam. Further, the lens mounting portion 21 may be connected to the plane q.
本実施例では、ドーナツ状の配光を広げるためのドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０を示したが、後方に光を配光できるのならば、その他の形状のレンズでも構わない。また、レンズでの光のロスを少なくするために、レンズは配光を広げる機能を保つ範囲で、小さくすることが望ましい。 In the present embodiment, the donut-shaped lens B20 for spreading the donut-shaped light distribution is shown, but other shapes of lenses may be used as long as the light can be distributed backward. Further, in order to reduce the loss of light in the lens, it is desirable to make the lens as small as possible while maintaining the function of spreading the light distribution.
この形態においても、白熱電球用のソケットに取り付ける照明装置を例に説明したが、前述した円錐台状の反射体４０とドーナツ状のレンズＢ２０は、このような白熱電球用に限定されず、他タイプの照明装置にも適用可能であり、特許請求の範囲に記載した事項において、様々に変更した形態にて実施可能である。 Also in this embodiment, the lighting device attached to the socket for the incandescent bulb has been described as an example. However, the truncated cone-shaped reflector 40 and the donut-shaped lens B20 described above are not limited to such an incandescent bulb. The present invention can also be applied to a type of lighting device, and can be implemented in various modifications in the matters described in the claims.
また、以上の実施形態において、光源として表面実装型のＬＥＤモジュールＢ３０およびＢ３１を用いているが、これに限定されず、他タイプのＬＥＤやその他の発光素子、例えば有機ＥＬ、無機ＥＬなどを用いても良い。また、それらを組み合わせて利用しても良い。 In the above embodiment, the surface mount type LED modules B30 and B31 are used as the light source. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of LEDs and other light emitting elements such as organic EL and inorganic EL are used. May be. Moreover, you may utilize combining them.
１ カバー
４ 円柱状の反射体
５ 筐体
６ 電気回路
７ 口金
８ カバー開口部
９ レンズＡ２の上端
２１ レンズ取付け部
３１ 中心に置かれたＬＥＤモジュールＣ
４０ 円錐台状の反射体
９０ レンズＢ２０の上端
１００ 照明装置
２０１ レンズＡ２を通る光線
３０１ レンズＢ２０を通る光線
５００ 光軸
６００ 中心
Ａ２ レンズ
Ａ３、Ｂ３０ ＬＥＤモジュール
Ｂ２０ ドーナツ状のレンズ
ａ 平坦部
ｂ じょうご型の凹面
ｂ２ 弓なり型の凹面
ｃ 屈折面
ｃ２ 出射面
ｄ おわん型の曲面
ｅ 曲面
ｆ 円錐状の凹部
ｆ２ 曲面状の凸面
ｇ 富士山型の凹面
ｈ 複数の円錐状の凹部
ｐ レンズ取付け部の取付け面
ｑ 平面
ａｂ カバー最大径の位置
ｃｄ レンズＡ２の上端とカバー開口部を結ぶ線
ｅｆ レンズＢ２０の上端とカバー開口部を結ぶ線
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cover 4 Cylindrical reflector 5 Case 6 Electric circuit 7 Base 8 Cover opening part 9 Upper end 21 of lens A2 Lens attachment part 31 LED module C placed in the center
40 Conical truncated reflector 90 Upper end 100 of lens B20 Illuminating device 201 Light beam 301 passing through lens A2 Light beam 500 passing through lens B20 Optical axis 600 Center A2 Lens A3, B30 LED module B20 Donut-shaped lens a Flat portion b Funnel type Concave surface b2 bow-shaped concave surface c refracting surface c2 exit surface d bowl-shaped curved surface e curved surface f conical concave portion f2 curved convex surface g Mounted concave surface h multiple conical concave portions p lens mounting portion mounting surface q Plane ab Cover maximum diameter position cd Line connecting upper end of lens A2 and cover opening ef Line connecting upper end of lens B20 and cover opening
Claims (1)
前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記構造体から前記光源までの高さの比率は０.０３以上０.１５以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記カバーの高さの比率は１.５以上１.８３以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記カバーの最大径の比率は１.８３以上２.１６以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記構造体の高さの比率は０.３３以上０.５以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記レンズの高さの比率は０.１６以上０.３７以内の範囲にあり、前記構造体の光源が設けられている部分の直径に対する前記レンズの外径の比率は０.５３以上０.９７以内の範囲にあるように構成され、前記カバーの最大径を通る平面が、前記レンズの一部を横切るように配置されており、
前記レンズは、ドーナツ状であり、光源の一部を覆い、前記光源の一部からの光を入射する第１０面と、入射した光を反射させる第１１面と、出射面となる第１２面を有し、第１０面は前記光源の一部の発光面と対向する位置にある曲面であり、第１１面は光源の側方に向かって弓なり型にふくらむ曲面であり、第１０面の端は第１１面の端と繋がっており、第１１面の端は第１２面の端とつながっており、前記光源の一部からの光の多くは第１０面から当該レンズ内に入射し、第１１面で反射され、第１２面で屈折されて前記光源の前方から後方に出射され、
前記光源のレンズに覆われていない他部からの光は、直接前記カバーに至ることを特徴とする照明装置。 In a lighting device having a light source, a structure for providing the light source, a cover for covering the light source, and a lens for spreading light distribution, the cover has translucency, and the structure is a truncated cone or a cylinder. Or a combination of them,
The ratio of the height from the structure to the light source with respect to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15, and the light source of the structure is provided. The ratio of the height of the cover to the diameter of the portion is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is 1.83. The ratio of the height of the structure to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 0.33 or more and 0.5 or less. The ratio of the height of the lens to the diameter of the portion where the light source is provided is in the range of 0.16 or more and 0.37, and the outer diameter of the lens relative to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided. range near ratios of less than 0.53 or more and 0.9 or 7 Configured so that a plane passing through the maximum diameter of the cover crosses a part of the lens,
The lens has a donut shape, covers a part of the light source, and enters a tenth surface on which light from the part of the light source is incident, an eleventh surface that reflects the incident light, and a twelfth surface that is an emission surface. The tenth surface is a curved surface located at a position facing a part of the light emitting surface of the light source, the eleventh surface is a curved surface that swells in a bow shape toward the side of the light source, and the end of the tenth surface Is connected to the end of the eleventh surface, the end of the eleventh surface is connected to the end of the twelfth surface, most of the light from a part of the light source is incident on the lens from the tenth surface, 11 is reflected on the 11th surface, refracted on the 12th surface and emitted from the front to the rear of the light source,
The light from the other part which is not covered with the lens of the said light source reaches the said cover directly, The illuminating device characterized by the above-mentioned.
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| CN111220625B (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2023-04-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Surface and sub-surface integrated confocal microscopic measurement device and method |
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| CN2694097Y (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-04-20 | 刘金星 | Lighting bulb using LED as light source |
| KR101112542B1 (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2012-02-15 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Light emitting diode, lens for the same |
| JP3108650U (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2005-04-28 | 家茂 李 | Lamp structure |
| JP4870950B2 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2012-02-08 | 株式会社光波 | Light emitting light source unit and planar light emitting device using the same |
| CN101025256A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-08-29 | 港立设计有限公司 | Light-emitting diode module and its lamp |
| JP5292790B2 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2013-09-18 | 東芝ライテック株式会社 | Lighting device |
| JP2009295299A (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-17 | Tamura Seisakusho Co Ltd | Illumination body |
| JP2010205553A (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2010-09-16 | Sharp Corp | Lighting device |
| JP5363864B2 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2013-12-11 | 日東光学株式会社 | Light emitting device and light bulb type LED lamp |
| RU2538098C2 (en) * | 2009-05-04 | 2015-01-10 | Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс Н.В. | Light source with light emitter arranged inside transparent external flask |
| JP2011054340A (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-03-17 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | Lighting device |
| CN102003636A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-04-06 | 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Light-emitting diode (LED) module |
| US8330342B2 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2012-12-11 | Malek Bhairi | Spherical light output LED lens and heat sink stem system |
| JP5174835B2 (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2013-04-03 | シャープ株式会社 | LED bulb |
| CN201892045U (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2011-07-06 | 东莞莹辉灯饰有限公司 | Novel illuminating bulb |
| US10359151B2 (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2019-07-23 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Solid state lamp with thermal spreading elements and light directing optics |
| CN201731297U (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2011-02-02 | 艾迪光电（杭州）有限公司 | LED light-emitting module |
| US20110140148A1 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2011-06-16 | Pinecone Energies, Inc. | Optical device for semiconductor based lamp |
| CN102374418B (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2014-08-20 | 光宝电子(广州)有限公司 | Luminous diode light fixture |
| JP5776897B2 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2015-09-09 | 東芝ライテック株式会社 | Lens, lighting device, light bulb shaped lamp and lighting fixture |
| JP5643670B2 (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2014-12-17 | 株式会社エンプラス | Luminous flux control member and lighting device |
| JP5272029B2 (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2013-08-28 | 日立アプライアンス株式会社 | Lens and lighting device |
| JP5010751B1 (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2012-08-29 | 株式会社東芝 | Lighting device |
| JP5172988B2 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2013-03-27 | シャープ株式会社 | Lighting device |
| JP5953021B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2016-07-13 | 日東光学株式会社 | Light guide and lighting device |
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2011
- 2011-10-06 JP JP2011221478A patent/JP5868106B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2012
- 2012-09-05 TW TW101132372A patent/TWI512237B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| JP2013084346A (en) | 2013-05-09 |
| CN103032729B (en) | 2015-09-02 |
| TW201323779A (en) | 2013-06-16 |
| TWI512237B (en) | 2015-12-11 |
| CN103032729A (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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