JP5684637B2 - Fall safety device for telescopic ladder set - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fall safety device for a telescopic ladder set according to the preamble of claim 1.

  Fire truck telescopic ladder sets are often equipped with a fall safety device to prevent fire workers entering the ladder from falling in a rescue situation. Such a fall safety device is provided with a rope that runs along the extension direction of the ladder and is stretched between a lower position below the ladder set and an upper position located in one of the ladder segments. The ladder segment here may be the uppermost pullable ladder segment. A person climbing the ladder can engage the rope with an engagement unit that is part of the personal equipment of the fire worker. This engagement unit follows the position of the person on the ladder by sliding along the rope. It also comprises absorption means for reducing the impact load when a person falls from the ladder and is stopped by an engagement unit fixed to the rope in this falling movement.

  In order to adapt the length of the rope from the bottom to the top of the ladder set to the extended state, the rope guiding means further comprises means for stretching the rope between the upper extended position and the lower extended position. Here, between these positions, the absorption unit can be engaged and run along the length of the ladder. In a conventional telescopic ladder set, the rope is redirected by a deflecting pulley at a downwardly extended position below the ladder and is wound on a spring drum that provides a predetermined tension to the rope. When the ladder is pulled out, the corresponding section of the rope is unwound from the spring drum.

  Although this system works to adjust the length of the rope and maintain a constant tension in any stretched state of the ladder, it has the serious disadvantage of not being able to keep people safe from falling off the ladder. For example, if a person falls off the ladder at the top of the ladder, i.e., where the distance from the upper clamping position of the rope is still far away, the engagement unit is safely engaged with the rope, but the rope itself is Since the spring roll may be unwound against the stretching force, the effect is that if a person hanging on the rope swings down from a tilted ladder or hits an object located under or near the ladder May be injured. For example, a person may collide with the face of a building in front of a ladder. For this reason, it is not considered that the device provided with the spring drum as described above is completely safe.

  In addition, it is desirable to pull the rope with very high tension. For this reason, steel ropes are used. However, in known designs of drop safety devices using spring drums, the steel rope causes friction with other ladder elements, causing excessive wear of the rope and components.

  In other aspects of the spring drum extension system, the spring drum itself consumes a lot of space when installing the telescopic ladder, and the system is generally expensive.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a fall safety device for a telescopic ladder set that prevents a person who is safely engaged with a rope from falling from the ladder in any stretched state of the telescopic ladder even when the rope is fully loaded. It is in. Another objective is to provide a fall safety device of the above kind that allows the use of steel ropes without compromising other components, and that is less expensive and consumes less space on the ladder structure. There is to do.

  These objects are achieved by a drop safety device comprising the features of claim 1.

  The rope guiding means of the fall safety device of the present invention comprises a deflection pulley suspended from the upper end portion of the upper ladder segment, and a pulley device disposed between the upper ladder segment and the lower ladder segment. The upper ladder segment can be extended and retracted from the lower ladder segment. The pulley apparatus comprises two groups of pulleys, a lower group of pulleys suspended near the lower end of the upper ladder segment, and an upper group of pulleys suspended near the upper end of the lower ladder segment.

  The rope rises from the lower fixed position in the lower part of the telescopic ladder set to the deflecting pulley, where it turns downward and further over the pulley of the pulley device to the upper fixed position in the lower ladder segment. That is, between the lower fixed position and the upper fixed position, the direction of the rope is repeatedly changed by the deflection pulley and the pulley.

  As the rope passes through the pulley device, it is continuously changed in direction by the lower and upper group pulleys. For example, after passing the deflection pulley, the rope goes down to the first pulley belonging to the lower group (fixed near the lower end of the upper ladder segment) and then the second pulley belonging to the upper group (lower ladder) The vehicle may travel by being lowered to a third pulley belonging to the lower group, and so on. Since the distance between pulleys belonging to different groups changes with the extension of the upper ladder segment relative to the lower ladder segment, the length of the rope section connecting the pulley through which the rope passes next also changes. This change can compensate for the change in the extension length of the ladder as the rope passes through the pulley device in succession as it passes through the pulley device. The total number of pulleys required to compensate for the change can be selected appropriately.

  Changes in the extension length of the ladder can be fully compensated by this drop safety device, but the rope is always biased between its fixed positions without the need for any spring drum mechanism. There is no danger that the person led by the rope will fall from the ladder and unwind so that the person will fall and hit an obstructing object. Another advantage is that it can receive the pulley device and consumes space between the upper and lower ladder segments. The structure according to the present invention is less expensive than the conventional spring drum mechanism.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the total number of pulleys that change the orientation of the rope as it passes through the pulley device is equal to the number of drawable ladder segments of the telescopic ladder set.

  For example, the telescopic ladder set can be pulled out from a total of four segments, that is, one segment fixed to a rotating / tilting suspension on a fire truck on which the ladder set is mounted, and further from the ladder segment 3 And two arranged ladder segments. In this case, the number of ladder segments that can be pulled out is three. According to this preferred embodiment, the number of pulleys included in the pulley device is also three. For example, in this case, the lower group of pulleys can comprise two pulleys suspended at the lower end of the upper ladder segment, and the upper group of pulleys is a pulley fixed near the upper end of the lower ladder segment. Only one is provided. After changing direction with the deflecting pulley, the rope goes down to the lowest pulley in the lower group of pulleys, goes up to the upper group pulley, and again down to the second pulley in the lower group, and finally the lower ladder segment To the upper fixed position. At that time, there are three rope sections that shorten as the upper ladder segment is pulled out of the lower ladder segment, ie, one rope section between the lowest pulley in the lower group and the upper group pulley. A next rope section between the upper group pulley and the lower group second pulley, and a final rope section between the last pulley of the pulley apparatus and the upper fixed position. By shortening these three rope sections, the length extension between the lower fixed position and the deflection pulley at the upper end of the upper ladder segment can be sufficiently compensated.

  If one more ladder segment is added to the ladder set described above, one more pulley should be added to the pulley arrangement to compensate for the extended length of the extended ladder. In this case, the upper group of pulleys may comprise this added fourth pulley.

  The rotation axis of the deflection pulley is preferably perpendicular to the rotation axis of the pulley.

  Typically, the axis of rotation of the pulley is generally perpendicular to the plane of the ladder segment crosspieces so that they can be received between the ladder segments without consuming excessive mounting space. However, the deflection pulley may in this case be vertical, i.e. its axis of rotation lies in the plane of the crosspiece of the ladder set.

  According to another preferred embodiment, the upper ladder segment represents the top pullable ladder segment of the telescopic ladder set, which is slidably mounted on top of the lower ladder segment.

  The rope is preferably connected to the lower fixed position by a tension spring.

  This tension spring is arranged to compensate for changes in rope length due to temperature and inaccuracy of the rope guiding means.

  Further objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It is a schematic top view of the telescopic ladder set including the first embodiment of the fall safety device of the present invention. It is a schematic top view of the other telescopic ladder set including the fall safety device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  The telescopic ladder set 10 of FIG. 1 comprises a total of four ladder segments: a first ladder segment 12, a second ladder segment 14, a third ladder segment 16, and a fourth ladder segment 18. The first ladder segment 12 is rotatably mounted so as to tilt upward and downward at the top of the fire truck. The other three ladder segments 14, 16 and 18 can be extended and retracted from the first ladder segment. This is because the next ladder segment, eg the second ladder segment 14, is caused by a sliding movement on the previous ladder segment actuated by the respective device (not shown) (in this example the first ladder segment 12 Means that it can be pulled from the previous ladder segment. In the following, the uppermost ladder segment, which is the fourth ladder segment 18, will be referred to as the “upper ladder segment” 18, while the previous third ladder segment 16 supports the fourth ladder segment 18 thereon. And designated as “lower ladder segment” 16 for the upper ladder segment 18.

  The telescopic ladder set 10 includes a rope 22 that travels between a lower fixed position 24 below the first ladder segment 12 and an upper fixed position 26 at the upper end of the lower ladder segment 16 along the extending direction of the telescopic ladder set 10. A fall safety device 20 is provided. Here, the terms “upper” and “lower” refer to the extension movement of the telescopic ladder set 10, so that every “lower” part is located on the side of the entire ladder set 10 close to the general suspension. On the other hand, the term “above” refers to the free end of the ladder set 10 (located on the upper side in FIG. 1). Between the lower fixing position 24 and the upper fixing position 26, the rope is guided and stretched by the guiding means described as follows. Moreover, these guidance means compensate for the change of the pull-out length of the rope 22 between the lower part of the ladder set 10 and its upper end part.

  The rope guiding means comprises a deflection pulley 28 suspended from the upper end of the upper ladder segment 18 and a pulley device 30 disposed between the lower ladder segment 16 and the upper ladder segment 18. The pulleys of this pulley apparatus, which will be described in detail below, are located in the lateral ladder of the two ladder segments, the upper ladder segment and the lower ladder segment, below the upper ladder segment 18 and above the lower ladder segment 16. Since it is supported directly, the installation space required for the pulley device 30 is very small. The axis of rotation of the deflection pulley 28 is horizontal in the plane of the crosspiece of the upper ladder segment 18, but the axis of rotation of the pulley of the pulley arrangement 30 is perpendicular to the crosspiece of the ladder segments 16, 18. This means that the pulley of the pulley device 30 is flat between the ladder segments 16 and 18.

  The pulley apparatus 30 comprises two groups of pulleys, namely a lower group 32 of pulleys suspended near the lower end of the upper ladder segment 18 and an upper group 34 of pulleys suspended near the upper end of the lower ladder segment 16. Is provided. That is, the pulleys of the lower group 32 and the upper group 34 are suspended on different ladder segments 16 and 18 that can be pulled out from each other. When the upper ladder segment 18 is withdrawn from the lower ladder segment 16, the lower group 32 moves toward the upper group 34, shortening the distance between the two groups 32 and 34 of the pulley arrangement 30 facing each other. However, this pulling movement does not change the distance between the deflection pulley 28 and the lower group 32 of pulleys. This is because the deflection pulley 28 and the lower group 32 are at opposite ends of the same ladder segment 18.

  The pulley device 30 includes a total of three pulleys: a first pulley 36 belonging to the lower group 32 and suspended at the lower end of the upper ladder segment 18, and a second pulley 38 suspended at the upper end of the lower ladder segment 16. And a third pulley 40 in the lower region of the upper ladder segment 18 but attached to the upper end side of the first pulley 36. That is, the first pulley 36 and the third pulley 40 belong to the lower group 32, while the upper group 34 includes only the second pulley 38.

  Starting from its lower fixed position 24, the rope 22 goes up to the deflection roll 28 along the extension length of the ladder set 10, where it turns and descends into the pulley device 30. Within the pulley device 30, the rope 22 first passes through the first pulley 36, thereby being redirected and going up to the second pulley 38, and again going down to the third pulley 40, where it changes its direction and locks it upward. Go up to position 26. This means that when the rope 22 passes through the pulley device 30, the direction of the rope 22 is alternately changed by the pulleys of the lower group 32 and the upper group 34. In this embodiment, it first passes through a first pulley 36 that is a member of the lower group 32, then passes through a second pulley 38 that is a member of the upper group 34, and then passes a pulley 40 that is a member of the lower group 32. Pass again. After each deflection by the pulley, the rope 22 travels in the opposite direction.

  In the travel of the rope 22 between the first pulley 36 of the pulley device 30 and the upper fixed position 26, there are three rope sections that are shortened by the pulling movement of the upper ladder segment 18 with respect to the lower ladder segment 16, that is, with the first pulley 36 and A first rope section 42 between the second pulleys 38, a second rope section 44 between the second pulley 38 and the third pulley 40, and a third rope section 46 between the third pulley 40 and the upper fixed position 26. The shortening of the entire rope sections 42, 44 and 46 corresponds to the extension of the rope section between the lower fixed position 24 and the deflection pulley 28, so that the increased distance between the lower fixed position 24 and the deflection pulley 28 is sufficiently compensated. Is achieved. When the ladder segments 12, 14, 16, 18 are retracted again, the lengths of the first, second and third rope sections 42, 44 and 46 are correspondingly increased, so that the rope can It is understood that it is always pulled according to the retracted length.

  The lower end of the rope 22 is connected to the lower fixed position 24 by a tension spring 48. Although this tension spring 48 is not necessary for the principle of compensating for the withdrawal / retraction length of the ladder set 10, it helps to compensate for changes in rope length due to temperature effects and inaccuracy of the attachment of the elements of the rope guiding means.

  In the section of the rope 22 between the lower fixed position 24 and the deflection pulley 28 at the top of the ladder set 10, the engagement unit that is part of the personal equipment of the person climbing the ladder set 10 is secured to the rope 22. Can be engaged to be connected. When a person falls off the ladder set 10, it is held by the engagement of the rope 22 and the engagement unit. This engagement unit can freely travel on the rope 22 between the lower fixed position 24 and the deflection pulley 28. Further, the engagement unit can include an absorption unit for absorbing an impact caused by a load when a person falls into the rope 22. In an emergency situation where a falling person is caught, the rope 22 maintains its tension as described above.

  FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the fall safety device 50 in the ladder set 52. The telescopic ladder set 52 further includes another ladder segment as compared to the telescopic ladder set 10 described above with reference to FIG. 1, and thus, one ladder fixed to the lower suspension of the telescopic ladder set 52. There are four pullable ladder segments that are drawn from the segment. This ladder segment 54 can tilt and rotate around the suspension (not shown) of the entire telescopic ladder set 52, while the second ladder segment 56, the third ladder segment 58, the fourth ladder segment 60 and the second ladder segment 60. Five ladder segments 62 are slidably mounted on top of each other and represent pullable ladder segments 56, 58, 60, 62.

  The basic structure of the fall safety device 50 is the same as the fall safety device 20 described above, that is, it comprises a rope 22 fixed in a lower fixed position below the ladder set 52, which rope is The direction is changed by the rope guiding means, and on the other hand, it is fixed at the upper fixing position 26. In this embodiment, the “upper ladder segment” is represented by the fifth ladder segment 62, and the “lower ladder segment” is attached such that the fifth ladder segment 62 is slidable on the fourth ladder segment 60 and is pulled out. As possible, it is represented by a fourth ladder segment 60 that supports a fifth ladder segment 62.

  At the upper end of the upper ladder segment 62, the deflection roll 28 is attached in the same manner as in the previous embodiment. A pulley apparatus 30 is disposed between the lower ladder segment 60 and the upper ladder segment 62. However, in this case, the pulley apparatus 30 comprises an additional pulley 64 that belongs to the upper group 34 of pulleys and is fixed so that it can rotate near the upper end of the lower ladder segment 60. That is, in this embodiment, the pulley apparatus 30 includes a total of four pulleys, namely a first pulley 36, a second pulley 38, a third pulley 40, and an additional fourth pulley 64.

  After passing through the third pulley 40 of the lower group 32, the rope 22 changes its direction, passes through the fourth pulley 64 and changes its direction again, in this case the upper position located at the lower end of the lower ladder segment 60. Go down to the fixed position 26. With this additional pulley 64 device, there is also an additional rope section 66 between the fourth pulley 64 and the upper fixed position 26 that is shortened or extended when the telescopic ladder set 52 is withdrawn or retracted. . This compensates for the additional extension length provided by the fifth ladder segment 52 to the embodiment of the telescopic ladder set 10 described above. For each additional ladder segment of the telescopic ladder set, one additional pulley can be provided so that the orientation of the rope 22 is once again changed, and there is an additional rope section that is stretched / shortened. In general, the number of pulleys in the pulley device 30 can be matched to the number of drawable ladder segments. In the embodiment described above, the number of pulleys (three) in the pulley device 30 corresponds to the number of ladder segments 14, 16, 18 that can be pulled out, which is the number of four ladder segments 56 that can be pulled out. , 58, 60, 62, in this embodiment of the telescopic ladder set 52 showing four pulleys in the pulley device 30 corresponding to the number of, 58, 60, 62.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Ladder set 12 Ladder segment 14 Ladder segment 16 Ladder segment 18 Ladder segment 20 Fall safety device 22 Rope 24 Lower fixed position 26 Upper fixed position 28 Deflection pulley 30 Pulley device 32 Lower group 34 Upper group 36 Pulley 38 Pulley 40 Pulley 42 Rope division 44 Rope section 46 Rope section 48 Tension spring 50 Fall safety device 52 Ladder set 54 Ladder segment 56 Ladder segment 58 Ladder segment 60 Ladder segment 62 Ladder segment 64 Pulley 66 Rope section

Claims (5)

  A plurality of ladder segments (12, 14, 16, 18; 54) including at least a lower ladder segment (16, 60) and an upper ladder segment (18, 62) extendable and retractable from the lower ladder segment (16, 60). , 56, 58, 60, 62), the fall safety device (20, 50) for the telescopic ladder set (10, 52), wherein the fall safety device (20, 50) is the telescopic ladder set (10, 10). , 52) extending at least between the lower position near the lower portion of the telescopic ladder set and the upper position located in one of the ladder segments, and for guiding the rope And a rope guide means (28) suspended in an upper position located at an upper end portion of the upper ladder segment (18, 62). And a pulley device (30) disposed between the lower ladder segment (16, 60) and the upper ladder segment (18, 62), wherein the pulley device (30) includes the upper ladder segment. A lower group (32) of pulleys (36, 40) suspended near the lower end of (18, 62), and a pulley (38, 64) suspended near the upper end of the lower ladder segment (16, 60). The rope (22) rises from the lower fixed position (24) below the telescopic ladder set to the deflection pulley (28), and further the pulley device (30). To the upper fixed position (26) of the lower ladder segment (16, 60), wherein the rope (22) passes through the pulley device (30) when the lower group And the upper group (32 Fall safety device, characterized in that vary continues its direction alternately by pulleys (36,38,40,64) of 34) (20, 50).   The total number of pulleys (36, 38, 40, 64) that change their orientation when the rope (22) passes through the pulley device (30) is the pullable ladder segment of the telescopic ladder set (10, 52). The drop safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equal to the number of (14, 16, 18; 56, 58, 60, 62).   The fall safety device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rotation axis of the deflection pulley (28) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the pulley (36, 38, 40, 64).   The upper ladder segment (18, 62) is an uppermost pullable ladder segment of the telescopic ladder set (10, 52), and is slidably attached to the upper part of the lower ladder segment (16, 60). The fall safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fall safety device is provided.   The drop safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rope (22) is connected to the lower fixed position (24) by a tension spring (48).

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