JP5683996B2 - Bottle defect inspection apparatus and bottle defect inspection method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for inspecting a defect of an article such as a beverage container.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an apparatus that inspects defects such as scratches and pinholes in a container by irradiating a container to be inspected with an illumination apparatus such as an LED and analyzing an image captured by an imaging apparatus such as a camera. It is known (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  Patent Document 1 discloses that the timing at which an LED is turned on is synchronized with the timing at which an image to be inspected is captured by a camera. With this technology, the power consumed by the LED can be reduced, and the inspection cost can be reduced. It can be reduced.

  Patent Document 1 describes that the amount of light obtained from an LED is made constant by adjusting the lighting time and brightness of the LED. The “lightness” is the degree of lightness and darkness of a color, and is white when the lightness is 100% and black when the lightness is 0%.

JP 2002-365229 A

  By the way, the image of the inspection object image picked up by the image pickup device such as a camera is analyzed by a well-known analysis device for analyzing the defect (for example, product made by Keyence Corporation: product name CV-3000 series) to determine the defect. Is done.

However, when such a known analysis device is used, it has been confirmed that the determination result differs depending on the color of the inspection target article.
That is, for example, in the case of a so-called colorless transparent container and a green transparent container, when there is a defect (chip) of the same size, a defect is determined for the former (colorless transparent), but the latter (colored) With regard to (transparent), the inspection is passed without being judged as a defect, that is, a phenomenon that an erroneous determination is made is confirmed.

  From the above, in the configuration of the conventional inspection apparatus, it is conceivable that the occurrence probability of erroneous determination varies depending on the color of the inspection target article, and it is an issue to reduce the occurrence probability of erroneous determination. It was. In particular, in a production line in which many types of inspection target articles having different colors are conveyed, if the probability of erroneous determination differs depending on the color of the inspection target article, the product quality will vary. The solution is important.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and proposes a technique for eliminating erroneous determination by an optimal inspection means and method according to the color of an inspection target article.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

  That is, in the invention described in claim 1, at least one imaging device for imaging a colorless and transparent or colored transparent bottle to be inspected and at least one for irradiating the bottle with light. A bottle having a reflection system inspection unit for taking an image of the bottle irradiated with the light with the imaging device and determining a defect of the bottle based on the taken image. In this defect inspection apparatus, the illumination apparatus is configured such that the color of light irradiated to the bottle to be inspected is set by each parameter of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) As a configuration in which the color of the light can be changed by changing each parameter, the R (red), G (green), and B (blue) parameters are set to optimum values depending on the bottle color. The defect is a defect of the bottle, and / or Is a crack, it is assumed that.

  Further, as described in claim 2, the bottle is made of glass or plastic.

Further, as described in claim 3, wherein the defect inspection apparatus, a second imaging device for imaging the bottle, a second illumination device for irradiating light to said bottle, When at least one set of the second imaging device and a second lighting device disposed at a position facing each other across the bottle, and when light is irradiated from the second lighting device In addition, a transmission system inspection unit for imaging the bottle with the second imaging device and determining a defect of the bottle based on the captured image is further included.

Further, as described in claim 4, and conveys the bottles continuously, conveying apparatus for carrying out the test for each bottle, and further comprising a.

Further, as described in claim 5 , the defect is determined based on the size of the singular part of the image.

Further, as described in claim 6, further comprising a detection device for detecting the color of the bottle to be inspected, based on the color of the detected bottle by the detection device, wherein each parameter autoconfiguration It will be done.

Further, as described in claim 7 , at least one illumination device for irradiating the bottle with light, and imaging the bottle irradiated with the light with the imaging device. A bottle defect determination method using a bottle defect inspection apparatus having a reflection system inspection unit for determining a defect of the bottle based on the image that has been obtained, which is colorless and transparent to be inspected by an irradiation apparatus , or , light is irradiated to the bottle colored transparent, the light reflected by the bottle was imaged by the imaging device is intended determining a defect of the bottle on the basis of the captured image, the defect is of the bottle It is assumed that the color of light that is a defect and / or a crack and is applied to the bottle to be inspected is set by each parameter of R (red), G (green), and B (blue), Each parameter of R (red), G (green), B (blue) It is intended to set the optimum values present by the bottle, glass, or the defect inspection method of a bottle made of plastic.

  As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

That is, in the first aspect of the invention, it is possible to reliably detect a defect in a colorless and transparent or colored and transparent bottle , thereby preventing erroneous determination. Also, by defining the numerical value of each parameter, it is possible to finely set the color of light to be irradiated. In other words, 256 parameters can be set for each parameter, and 256 cubes can be set in total, and an optimal light color can be selected according to the color of the colorless and transparent or colored transparent bottle. It becomes possible to set in detail. Thereby, the detection precision of a defect can be improved more and traumas, such as a defect | deletion and a crack of a bottle , can be test | inspected.

In the invention according to claim 2 ,
It is possible to inspect for damage such as defects or cracks in glass or plastic bottles .

In the invention according to claim 3 ,
In addition to the defects detected by the reflection inspection unit, it is possible to detect, for example, undissolved foreign matter in a transparent bottle , and it is possible to detect various types of defects in the bottle .

In the invention according to claim 4 ,
By installing a defect inspection device on the production line, bottle defects can be continuously inspected.

In the invention according to claim 5 ,
Depending on the size of the defect, the bottle can be sorted as a defective article.

In the invention according to claim 6 ,
Setting of each parameter by the operator (manual input) can be made unnecessary, and bottles of different colors can be conveyed alternately, for example.

In the invention according to claim 7 ,
It becomes possible to reliably detect a defect in a colorless and transparent or colored and transparent bottle , and prevent erroneous determination.

The front view shown about the structure of the defect inspection apparatus which is one Example of this invention. The top view shown about the structure of the defect inspection apparatus which is one Example of this invention. The side view shown about the structure of the defect inspection apparatus which is one Example of this invention. The figure shown about the apparatus structure of a reflection system test | inspection part and a transmission system test | inspection part. (A) is a figure shown about the captured image in the reflection type test | inspection part in a certain parameter setting. (B) is a figure shown about the picked-up image in the reflection type test | inspection part in another parameter setting. The figure shown about the captured image in a transmission system test | inspection part.

Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.
1 to 3 show the configuration of an article defect inspection apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The defect inspection apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is intended for inspection of a bottle 2 used as a beverage container for alcoholic beverages. The defect inspection apparatus 1 is installed in the conveyance line of the bottle 2 and is configured to inspect defects while sequentially conveying the bottle 2 by the conveyance apparatus 3 (conveyor in this embodiment) provided in the defect inspection apparatus 1. It is said. Such a defect inspection apparatus 1 can be referred to as an empty bottle inspection apparatus.

  The color of the bottle 2 to be conveyed varies depending on, for example, the type of product, and in each production schedule, there are a colorless transparent bottle, a green transparent bottle, a blue transparent bottle, and a frost (cloudy). It is assumed that a transparent bottle is transported.

  Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the defects assumed in the bottle 2 include not only injuries such as defects (chips) and cracks, but also the presence of undissolved foreign matter in the glass constituting the bottle 2, surface contamination, Air bubbles (bubbles), pinholes, etc. are conceivable. In this embodiment, in order to perform inspection according to the type of defect, the reflection system inspection unit 10 and the transmission system inspection unit 20 are provided. That is, among the defects, inspection of trauma (defects (chips), cracks, etc.) is performed by the reflection system inspection unit 10, and inspection of the presence of other undissolved foreign matters is performed by the transmission system inspection unit 20. ing.

  As described above, the defect inspection apparatus 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes the reflection system inspection unit 10 and the transmission system inspection unit 20, and each inspection unit has an optimum according to the type of defect. Inspections are being conducted.

Next, the reflection system inspection unit 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described.
The reflection system inspection unit 10 includes four imaging devices 11a, 11b, 11c, and 11d for capturing images from four directions around the bottle 2 that is continuously conveyed as the inspection target article, and 1 for capturing images from the upper side. It has the imaging device 11e of a stand, and the illuminating device 12 for irradiating the bottle 2 with light.

  First, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the four imaging devices 11 a, 11 b, 11 c, and 11 d arranged so as to surround the periphery of the bottle 2 are arranged with an interval of 90 degrees in plan view. Thus, the entire periphery of the bottle 2 can be imaged. In addition, the vertical positions of the imaging devices 11a, 11b, 11c, and 11d are set to positions where the range from the shoulder portion of the bottle 2 to the mouth portion (the uppermost position of the bottle 2) can be imaged, and exist around the shoulder portion and the mouth portion. It is possible to image the missing defect.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 3, the one imaging device 11e arrange | positioned in the position above the bottle 2 is arrange | positioned in the position which can image the opening part of the bottle 2 from upper side, The upper end surface and a defect or the like existing in a portion extending inward from the upper end surface can be imaged.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a total of five imaging devices 11 a, 11 b, 11 c, 11 d, and 11 e are connected to the control device 13, and the photographing timing is controlled by the control device 13. . In addition, these imaging devices can be comprised by a commercially available CCD camera, for example.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the illumination device 12 is disposed at a position above the bottle 2, and a through portion 12 a is provided in the vertical direction at the center portion in plan view. And through this penetration part 12a, imaging of bottle 2 by imaging device 11e is attained. In addition, a light emitting unit 12b is provided below the lighting device 12 so as to surround the through portion 12a. For example, the light emitting unit 12b is configured by using a plurality of (for example, several hundred to one thousand) three-color LEDs, and configured to have about 16 million colors. Can do. In addition, the structure of such a light emission part 12b can be implement | achieved by the apparatus (apparatus using high-intensity 3 color LED) marketed as a high-speed polarized LED illumination apparatus, for example, and it is limited especially about a specific structure. Is not to be done.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, the illuminating device 12 has the control part 12M which controls the timing and luminescent color of irradiation, and the input part 12N for inputting various setting values into the control part 12M. The control unit 12M of the illumination device 12 is connected to a control device 13 that controls the imaging timing of the imaging devices 11a, 11b,..., And the timing of irradiation and imaging is synchronized.

  Further, as shown in the following Table 1, the input unit 12N of the lighting device 12 shown in FIG. 4 uses R (red), G (green), and B (blue) as parameters, respectively, from 0 to 255 ( 256 values) can be input, and various parameters can be set as appropriate according to the color of the bottle that is the article to be inspected. The control unit 12M controls the light emitting unit 12b so that light of a color corresponding to the set parameter value is emitted from the light emitting unit 12b. Note that R (red), G (green), and B (blue) are well known as “three primary colors of light”. Further, in the present specification, “transparent” means having a light projecting property.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the reflection system inspection unit 10 having the above-described configuration, imaging is performed by the imaging devices 11a, 11b,... At the timing when the illumination device 12 is irradiated with light. . That is, the light irradiated by the illuminating device 12 is reflected by the bottle 2, and the reflected light is imaged. As shown in FIG. 4, the captured image is recorded in the recording device 14 and analyzed by the image processing device 15, and the determination device 16 determines the defect based on the processed image. Is called. Note that the recording device 14, the image processing device 15, and the determination device 16 shown in FIG. 4 can be configured by a well-known analysis device (for example, product name CV-3000 series manufactured by Keyence Corporation). .

  Moreover, the image of an imaging becomes like FIG. 5 (a) (b), for example. 5A and 5B show an image of the mouth portion 2a of the bottle 2 imaged from above by the imaging device 11e. In FIG. 5A, the missing portion 2b of the mouth portion 2a emits a lot of light. It shows that it is reflecting. Then, the images in FIGS. 5A and 5B are analyzed by the image processing device 15 (FIG. 4), and the size of the singular part, that is, the defect portion 2b (FIG. 5A) is determined by the determination device 16. By detecting the size or the like, it is determined whether or not it is a defect.

  Here, FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are images of the same bottle, and setting of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) parameters of light to be irradiated at the time of imaging. Are supposed to be different. That is, in FIG. 5A, R = r1, G = g1, and B = b1, respectively. In FIG. 5B, R = r2, G = g2, B, respectively. = B2.

  Thus, the image of the imaged image differs depending on the parameter setting. In the case of FIG. 5A, by setting each parameter to the values of R = r1, G = g1, and B = b1, the missing portion 2b appears clearly. And in the determination apparatus 16 (FIG. 4), presence of the defect | deletion part 2b can be detected reliably, and it can determine that it is a defect.

  As can be seen from the above, the accuracy of defect determination can be improved by setting the R (red), G (green), and B (blue) parameters of the irradiated light to optimum values. It becomes possible. And as a result of conducting examination by using various bottles having different colors, it was confirmed that optimum parameters exist depending on the bottle color as shown in Table 1 above.

  As described above, in the reflection system inspection unit 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, it is possible to inspect the presence or absence of defects (chips) or cracks that are trauma by reflecting light to the bottle 2. it can. In addition, defects are reliably detected by setting the R (red), G (green), and B (blue) parameters of light emitted from the illumination device 12 according to the color of the bottle 2 to optimum values. Therefore, it is possible to reliably determine that it is a defect. That is, it is possible to prevent erroneous determination due to the fact that no defect is detected. In addition, about the number of imaging device 11a * 11b * 11c * 11d * 11e and the illuminating device 12, it is an Example to the last, and it does not specifically limit.

Next, the transmission system inspection unit 20 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described.
The transmission system inspection unit 20 includes two imaging devices 21 and 22 and two illumination devices 23 and 24, and has a configuration in which two sets each including a combination of the imaging device and the illumination device are provided.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the set of the imaging device 21 and the illumination device 23 is disposed so as to face the bottle 2 between them, and the illumination device 23 is irradiated with light and transmitted therethrough. Light is picked up by the image pickup device 21. The same applies to the set of the imaging device 22 and the illumination device 24. Each set is arranged so as to be orthogonal to each other in plan view, that is, arranged so that a line connecting the imaging device 21 and the lighting device 23 and a line connecting the imaging device 22 and the lighting device 24 are orthogonal to each other. Has been. In this way, light is transmitted through the entire periphery of the bottle 2 and the transmitted light can be imaged.

  Further, the imaging devices 21 and 22 shown in FIG. 2 can be configured by a commercially available CCD camera. Moreover, about the illuminating devices 23 and 24, it can implement | achieve, for example by the apparatus (apparatus using infrared LED) marketed as an infrared LED illuminating device, Especially about a specific structure, it is not limited. Absent.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, each illuminating device 23 * 24 has control part 23a * 24a which controls the timing of irradiation, respectively. The control units 23a and 24a of the illumination devices 23 and 24 are connected to a control device 25 that controls the imaging timing of the imaging devices 21 and 22, respectively, and the timing of irradiation and imaging is synchronized.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the transmission system inspection unit 20 having the above-described configuration, imaging is performed by the imaging devices 21 and 22 at the timing when the illumination devices 23 and 24 are irradiated with light. This imaging is for imaging the light irradiated by the illuminating devices 23 and 24 and transmitted through the bottle 2. The captured image is recorded in the recording device 26 as shown in FIG. Analysis processing is performed by the device 27, and the determination of the defect is performed by the determination device 28 based on the processed image.

  Further, the image of the imaging is as shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, the case where the undissolved foreign matter 2 f exists in the neck 2 e of the bottle 2 is imaged, and the light does not pass through the portion of the undissolved foreign matter 2 f and appears as a shadow. ing. Then, the image of FIG. 6 is processed by the image processing device 27 (FIG. 4) to create a determination image, and the determination device 28 detects the size of the singular part, that is, the size of the undissolved foreign matter 2f. By doing so, it is determined whether or not it is a defect.

  As described above, the transmission system inspection unit 20 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can inspect the presence or absence of undissolved foreign matters by transmitting light to the bottle 2.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the defect inspection apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration, the defect inspection is performed in the reflection system inspection unit 10 and the transmission system inspection unit 20, and the defect is determined. About a thing, it becomes possible to sort by the sorting apparatus etc. which are arranged downstream from the defect inspection apparatus 1.

As described above, the present invention can be implemented.
That is, as shown in FIGS.
At least one imaging device 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, and 11e for imaging an article to be inspected (a bottle 2 in the embodiment);
And at least one illumination device 12 for irradiating the article with light,
The article irradiated with the light is imaged by the imaging devices 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, and 11e,
An article defect inspection apparatus 1 having a reflection system inspection unit 10 for determining a defect of the article based on a captured image,
The lighting device 12 includes:
The configuration is such that the color of light applied to the article (bottle 2) to be inspected can be changed.

Thereby, it becomes possible to detect the defect of an article | item reliably and to prevent a misjudgment.
In the embodiments, glass bottles have been described as inspection objects. However, the present invention is not limited to glass bottles, and the present invention can be applied to articles made of plastic, metal, wood, or the like.

Also, as can be seen from Table 1,
The color of the light is
It shall be set by each parameter of R (red), G (green), B (blue),
The configuration is such that the color of the light can be changed by changing each parameter.

  According to this, the color of the light to be irradiated can be set finely by defining the numerical value of each parameter. In other words, each parameter can be set in 256 ways, and a total of 256 cubes can be set, so that the optimal light color can be set finely according to the article. Thereby, the detection accuracy of a defect can be improved more.

Also,
The article is colorless and transparent or colored and transparent,
The defect is a defect and / or a crack of the article.
It is something to do.

  According to this, it is possible to inspect trauma such as a defect or crack of the article.

Also,
The article is made of glass or plastic,
It is something to do.

  According to this, it is possible to inspect trauma such as defects or cracks in articles made of glass or plastic. Specifically, glass bottles for beverages, PET bottles and the like are assumed.

Also, as shown in FIGS.
The defect inspection apparatus 1 includes:
Second imaging devices 21 and 22 for imaging the article;
Second illumination devices 23 and 24 for irradiating the article with light, the second illumination devices disposed at positions facing the second imaging devices 21 and 22 with the article in between. 23, 24,
Having at least one set of
When the light is irradiated from the second illumination devices 23 and 24, the article is imaged by the second imaging devices 21 and 22,
A transmission system inspection unit 20 for determining a defect of the article based on the captured image;
It is something to do.

  Thereby, in addition to the defect detected by the reflection system inspection unit 10, for example, it is possible to detect an undissolved foreign matter or the like of a transparent article, and it is possible to detect various types of defects in the article. .

Also, as shown in FIGS.
The apparatus further includes a conveying device 3 for conveying the article continuously and performing an inspection on each article.
It is something to do.

Thereby, for example, by installing the defect inspection apparatus 1 in the production line, it is possible to continuously inspect the defect of the article.
In addition to the form of a conveyor as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the conveying apparatus may be a conveying apparatus that grips and conveys the bottles 2 one by one.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B and FIG.
The determination of the defect is performed based on the size of the singular part of the image.
It is something to do.

Thereby, according to the magnitude | size of a defect, an article | item can be classified as a defective article.
The size of the “singular part” can be determined by, for example, comparing with the area (number of dots, etc.) in the specific part appearing in the captured image of the article having no defect, and can be performed by a known technique. .

In addition to the embodiments described above,
A detection device for detecting the color of the article to be inspected,
The respective parameters may be automatically set based on the color of the article detected by the detection device.

  According to this, setting of each parameter by the operator (manual input) can be made unnecessary, and for example, articles of different colors can be conveyed alternately or randomly. In this case, the detection device can be realized by a commercially available color sensor (one that measures light of three colors of RGB). Then, the measurement result of the color sensor is input to the control unit 12M in FIG. 4, and the control unit 12M refers to the parameter table and R (red), G (green), and B (blue) corresponding to the measurement result. By extracting each parameter, it is possible to automatically set each parameter. The parameter table here is a table that associates the bottle color with the R (red), G (green), and B (blue) parameters (numerical values) as shown in Table 1, for example.

In the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 to 3,
Irradiate light of a color corresponding to the color of the article to be inspected by the irradiation device 12,
The light reflected by the article is imaged by the imaging devices 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, and 11e,
An article defect determination method is provided in which defects of the article are determined based on the captured image.

  Thereby, it becomes possible to detect the defect of an article | item reliably and to prevent a misjudgment.

  The present invention can be widely used as an apparatus for detecting defects in articles.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Defect inspection apparatus 2 Bottle 2a Mouth part 2b Defect part 2e Neck part 2f Undissolved foreign material 3 Conveyance apparatus 10 Reflection system inspection part 11a Imaging apparatus 12 Illumination apparatus 12a Through-part 12b Light emission part 12M Control part 12N Input part 13 Control apparatus 14 Recording apparatus DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 Image processing apparatus 16 Determination apparatus 20 Transmission system test | inspection part 21 Imaging apparatus 22 Imaging apparatus 23 Illumination apparatus 25 Control apparatus 26 Recording apparatus 27 Image processing apparatus 28 Determination apparatus

Claims (7)

At least one imaging device for imaging a colorless and transparent or colored transparent bottle to be inspected;
And at least one illumination device for irradiating the bottle with light,
Imaging the bottle irradiated with the light with the imaging device,
A bottle defect inspection apparatus having a reflection system inspection unit for determining a defect of the bottle based on a captured image,
The lighting device includes:
The color of the light irradiating the bottle to be inspected,
It shall be set by each parameter of R (red), G (green), B (blue),
As a configuration that can change the color of the light by changing each parameter,
The R (red), G (green), and B (blue) parameters are set to optimum values depending on the color of the bottle,
The defect is a defect and / or crack in the bottle,
Bottle defect inspection device. The bottle is made of glass or plastic,
The bottle defect inspection apparatus according to claim 1 . The defect inspection apparatus includes:
A second imaging device for imaging the bottle ;
A second illuminating device for irradiating the bottle with light, the second illuminating device disposed at a position facing the second imaging device and the bottle ;
Having at least one set of
When light is irradiated from the second lighting device, the bottle is imaged by the second imaging device,
A transmission system inspection unit for determining a defect of the bottle based on the captured image;
The bottle defect inspection apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 , wherein The bottle was continuously transported, the transport apparatus for carrying out the test for each bin, further comprising a possible bottle defect inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in . The determination of the defect is performed based on the size of the singular part of the image.
The bottle defect inspection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the bottle defect inspection device is characterized in that: A detection device for detecting the color of the bottle to be inspected;
Each parameter is automatically set based on the color of the bottle detected by the detection device.
A bottle defect inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein And at least one illumination device for irradiating the bottle with light,
Imaging the bottle irradiated with the light with the imaging device,
A bottle defect determination method using a bottle defect inspection apparatus having a reflection system inspection unit for determining a defect of the bottle based on a captured image,
Irradiate light to a colorless or colored bottle to be inspected by an irradiation device,
The light reflected by the bottle is imaged by an imaging device,
Determining the defect of the bottle based on the captured image ;
The defect is a defect and / or a crack in the bottle;
The color of the light irradiating the bottle to be inspected,
It shall be set by each parameter of R (red), G (green), B (blue),
The R (red), G (green), and B (blue) parameters are set to optimum values depending on the color of the bottle,
The bottle defect inspection method, wherein the bottle is made of glass or plastic.

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