JP5663486B2 - 複層表面処理鋼板に用いる接着層形成用組成物 - Google Patents
複層表面処理鋼板に用いる接着層形成用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5663486B2 JP5663486B2 JP2011530693A JP2011530693A JP5663486B2 JP 5663486 B2 JP5663486 B2 JP 5663486B2 JP 2011530693 A JP2011530693 A JP 2011530693A JP 2011530693 A JP2011530693 A JP 2011530693A JP 5663486 B2 JP5663486 B2 JP 5663486B2
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- urethane resin
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Images
Classifications
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
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- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0809—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing cationic or cationogenic groups
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Description
まず、本発明に係る接着層形成用組成物を適用する複層表面処理鋼板について説明する。複層表面処理鋼板は、鋼板の少なくとも片方の表面(以下「鋼板表面」ともいう。)に、上層及び/又は中間層(T)と、接着層(S)とで構成される複層構造の皮膜層(Z)が設けられたものである。本発明に係る接着層形成用組成物は、その複層表面処理鋼板を製造する際に、皮膜層(Z)を構成する接着層(S)を形成するための水性組成物である。なお、「少なくとも片方の表面」とは、鋼板の片面又は両面という意味である。
本発明に係る接着層形成用組成物(X)は、鋼板表面に接着層(S)を形成し、その接着層(S)上に意匠性を有し且つ防錆顔料及び/又は着色顔料を含有する上層及び/又は中間層(T)を形成した複層表面処理鋼板を得るために用いる水性組成物である。この接着層形成用組成物(X)は、水性媒体に、カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)と、下記一般式(I)に示されるケイ素化合物(B)とを含有させてなる組成物である。
カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)は、造膜成分として必要であり、鋼板表面との親和性、中間層若しくは上層との親和性、接着層の柔軟性若しくは剛直性、又は、バリア性、などをバランスよく満たすために、ウレタン基を含有する必要がある。さらに、カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)は、ケイ素化合物(B)との混和安定性、及び、鋼板表面からの溶出成分に対する耐コンタミ性、などの観点からカチオン性である必要がある。なお、耐コンタミ性とは、鋼板表面から溶出してきた金属イオンが組成物(処理剤)に混入した場合の、組成物の安定特性(非増粘化、非ゲル化)を示すものである。本発明では、ウレタン樹脂がカチオン性であるので、混入した金属イオン(カチオン)との反応性が無いため、耐コンタミ性(混入しても安定特性を維持できる性質)が高くなるという効果がある。
ケイ素化合物(B)は、下記一般式(I)で示され、慣用的に用いられる表現で言えば、アミノシランカップリング剤である。このケイ素化合物(B)は、鋼板表面との反応性、及び、末端有機基によるカチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)との水素結合性、の双方の作用効果を満たすために、接着層形成用組成物中に含まれる。
混合物(C)は、カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)とケイ素化合物(B)とを混合したものである。本発明では、この混合物(C)の剛体振り子型自由減衰振動法における対数減衰率が最大値を示す温度(Tc)と、前記カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)単独の剛体振り子型自由減衰振動法における対数減衰率が最大値を示す温度(Ta)との比(Tc/Ta)が、1.2〜3.0であることに特徴がある。
接着層形成用組成物(X)で接着層を形成する前には、必須ではないが、(1)鋼板に付着した油分又は汚れを取り除くために、脱脂剤による洗浄、湯洗、酸洗、アルカリ洗、溶剤洗浄などを適宜組み合わせて行なってもよいし、(2)鋼板の耐食性、及び接着層と鋼板との密着性をさらに向上させる目的で、鋼板表面を表面調整してもよい。その表面調整は特に限定するものではないが、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Mn、Zr、Ti、Vなどから選ばれる金属を鋼板表面に付着させる化成処理、又はリン酸塩化成処理などが挙げられる。鋼板表面の洗浄としては、洗浄剤が鋼板表面に残留しないように、その後に水洗することが好ましい。
以下、接着層の効果の発現について説明する。ここでは、上記した接着層形成用組成物(X)を用いることで、意匠性を有する複層表面処理鋼板は塗料種に影響されず、様々な使用環境又は加工形態にも左右されない極めて強固な密着性を有する接着層が得られる理由について以下に推定する。なお、かかる推定によって、本発明及び本発明の効果が限定的に解釈されるべきではない。
ここで、剛体振り子型自由減衰振動法による対数減衰率ピークについて説明する。本発明に係る接着層形成用組成物において、図1及び図2に示すように、剛体振り子型自由減衰振動法による混合物の対数減衰率ピークとカチオン性ウレタン樹脂単独の対数減衰率ピークは、その測定温度範囲において、顕著なピークはいずれも1つである。この結果は、後述の全ての実施例でも測定時に確認されている。その理由は、本発明を構成するカチオン性ウレタン樹脂が、カルボキシル基等の反応性官能基を持たないからであり、その結果、自己架橋性を有さず、その物理的性質がウレタン結合中の窒素原子及びOH基が有する水素結合に強く依存するためである。一方、カルボキシル基等の架橋可能な官能基を持つアニオン性ウレタン樹脂又はノニオン性ウレタン樹脂は、本願で得られるものとは異なり、ピークが2以上有する場合がある。また、この傾向は架橋剤を含有する系においては顕著であり、例えばブロックイソシアネート系架橋剤を含む場合には、ブロックが外れる温度、すなわち架橋反応が生じる温度でもピークが生じ、結果的に2以上のピークが見られる。このように、架橋点が2以上あるものはその架橋点でピークが生じるので、本発明で得られるものとは明らかに異なっている。
1.1 実施例1〜70及び比較例1〜12
表1〜表3に示す原料及び親水基含有モノマーとして、S1:モノメチルジエタノールアミンを用い、表4及び表5に示した組合せ及び割合にてカチオン性ポリウレタン樹脂(A)を合成し、試験に供した。また、用いたケイ素化合物(B)を表7に示した。
A1(実施例用):テトラメチレングリコール及びアジピン酸から得たポリエステルポリオール150質量部、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート45.4質量部及びモノメチルジエタノールアミン20質量部をN−メチル−2−ピロリドン100質量部中で反応させることによりプレポリマーを得て、そのプレポリマーを蟻酸を用いて中和し、脱イオン水に分散させることにより、水性ポリウレタン樹脂を得た。
前述のカチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)の節にて述べた下記計算式を用いて、ウレタン基当量を算出した。ただし、Wa1はポリオール(a1)の質量、Wa2はイソシアネート(a2)の質量、Wa3は3級アミン及び/又は4級アンモニウムからなる親水基(a3)の質量、Ma2はイソシアネート(a2)の分子量、nは1分子のイソシアネート(a2)に含まれるイソシアナト基の数を表す。
前述のカチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)の節にて述べた下記計算式を用いて、親水基濃度を算出した。ただし、Wa1はポリオール(a1)の質量、Wa2はイソシアネート(a2)の質量、Wa3は3級アミン及び/又は4級アンモニウムからなる親水基(a3)の質量、Ma3は親水基(a3)の分子量、nは1分子の親水基(a3)に含まれる3級アミン及び/又は4級アンモニウム基の数を表す。
評価に使用したケイ素化合物(B)を表7に示す。表7中、B1〜B4は実施例用のケイ素化合物であり、B5〜B6は比較例用のケイ素化合物である。
特許文献1〜13を参考に下記の接着層形成用組成物を調製した。
特許文献2の実施例5を参考に、下記の接着層形成用組成物を作製し、試験に供した。接着層形成用組成物:分子量15000のテレフタル酸、エチレングリコール及びビスフェノールAから得たポリエステル樹脂100重量部、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂10重量部及びブロック化イソシアネート化合物18重量部を混合し、着色顔料として酸化チタン90重量部を添加したもの。
特許文献3の実施例8を参考に、下記の接着層形成用組成物を作製し、試験に供した。接着層形成用組成物:ウレタン樹脂(株式会社ADEKA製、HUX−290H)55重量部、同文献3に記載の縮合りん酸カルシウムBを15重量部、バナジン酸ナトリウム5重量部、及びりん酸10重量部を混合したもの。
特許文献4の実施例4を参考に、下記の接着層形成用組成物を作製し、試験に供した。接着層形成用組成物:同文献4に記載の分散ペースト100重量部、エポキシ樹脂(DIC株式会社製、EN−0274)150重量部、及びウレタン樹脂(三井武田ケミカル株式会社製、タケラックW−6010)100重量部を混合したもの。
特許文献5の実施例1を参考に、下記の接着層形成用組成物を作製し、試験に供した。接着層形成用組成物:同文献5のウレタン樹脂A1を100重量部、メチロール化フェノールを1重量部、炭酸ジルコニウムカリウムを1重量部の割合で混合したもの。
特許文献7の実施例3を参考に、下記の接着層形成用組成物を作製し、試験に供した。接着層形成用組成物:同文献7に記載のウレタン樹脂Aを100重量部、PEワックスAを15重量部、コロイダルシリカ10重量部の固形分割合で混合したもの。
特許文献10の実施例4を参考に、下記の接着層形成用組成物を作製し、試験に供した。接着層形成用組成物:同文献10の製造例2にて得られたウレタン樹脂Bを100重量部に、テトラメトキシシラン3.84重量部を反応させたもの。
特許文献11の実施例4を参考に、下記の接着層形成用組成物を作製し、試験に供した。接着層形成用組成物:同文献11のポリウレタン樹脂Aを90重量部、りん酸三アンモニウム5重量部、コロイダルシリカ5重量部を混合したもの。
特許文献13の実施例13を参考に、下記の接着層形成用組成物を作製し、試験に供した。接着層形成用組成物:同文献13のポリウレタン樹脂Aを67重量部、コロイダルシリカF(日産化学工業株式会社製、スノーテックスN)を20重量部、りん酸三ナトリウム3重量部、架橋剤K(松本製薬工業株式会社製、TC−400)を混合したもの。
中間層形成用塗料として、T1:Vニット#200(大日本塗料株式会社製)と、T2:フレキコート600(日本ペイント株式会社製)とを用いた。
上層形成用塗料として、U1:Vニット#500(大日本塗料株式会社製)と、U2:フレキコート5030(日本ペイント株式会社製)とを用いた。
4.1 供試材
溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板(GI)として、板厚0.5mm、めっき付着量片面当たり100g/m2(両面めっき)の鋼板を用いた。
供試材を、アルカリ脱脂剤であるCL―N364S(日本パーカライジング株式会社製)を濃度20g/Lとし、温度60℃の条件で30秒間スプレー処理した。続いて、水道水で洗浄した後に、水切りロールで絞り、50℃で30秒間加熱乾燥した。
4.3.1 接着層の形成
(実施例1〜70、74〜76及び比較例1〜20)
接着層形成用組成物を、前処理後の供試材の表面(片面)に、100mg/m2の乾燥皮膜量となるようにバーコーターを用いて塗布した。続いて、熱風乾燥炉にて100℃の到達板温度となるように加熱乾燥した。
実施例11と同様の組成の接着層形成用組成物を、前処理後の供試材の表面(片面)に、50mg/m2の乾燥皮膜量となるようにバーコーターを用いて塗布した。続いて、熱風乾燥炉にて100℃の到達板温度となるように加熱乾燥した。
実施例11と同様の組成の接着層形成用組成物を、前処理後の供試材の表面(片面)に、200mg/m2の乾燥皮膜量となるようにバーコーターを用いて塗布した。続いて、熱風乾燥炉にて100℃の到達板温度となるように加熱乾燥した。
実施例11と同様の組成の接着層形成用組成物を、前処理後の供試材の表面(片面)に、500mg/m2の乾燥皮膜量となるようにバーコーターを用いて塗布した。続いて、熱風乾燥炉にて100℃の到達板温度となるように加熱乾燥した。
(実施例1〜74、比較例1〜20)
中間層形成用塗料T1を、接着層処理後の供試材の表面(片面)に、8μmの乾燥皮膜量となるようにバーコーターを用いて塗布した。続いて、熱風乾燥炉にて200℃の到達板温度となるように加熱乾燥した。
中間層形成用塗料T2を、接着層処理後の供試材の表面(片面)に、8μmの乾燥皮膜量となるようにバーコーターを用いて塗布した。続いて、熱風乾燥炉にて200℃の到達板温度となるように加熱乾燥した。
中間層を形成しなかった。
(実施例1〜73、75〜76、比較例1〜20)
上層形成用塗料U1を、接着層及び中間層を形成した後の供試材の表面(片面)に、20μmの乾燥皮膜量となるようにバーコーターを用いて塗布した。続いて、熱風乾燥炉にて220℃の到達板温度となるように加熱乾燥した。
上層形成用塗料U2を、接着層及び中間層を形成した後の供試材の表面(片面)に、20μmの乾燥皮膜量となるようにバーコーターを用いて塗布した。続いて、熱風乾燥炉にて220℃の到達板温度となるように加熱乾燥した。
5.1 物性測定
(カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)単体の剛体振り子型自由減衰振動法における対数減衰率が最大値を示す温度(Ta))
表4及び表5に示す組成のカチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)単体の剛体振り子型自由減衰振動法における対数減衰率が最大値を示す温度(Ta)について、以下の方法にて求めた。
試料寸法:長さ5cm、幅2cm、厚さ0.6mm
材質:溶融亜鉛メッキ鋼板
試料厚さ:100〜200nm
試験器:剛体振り子型物性試験器RPT−3000(株式会社エーアンドディ社製)
予熱:40℃
冷却:5℃/分の速度でマイナス50℃まで
昇温:5℃/分の速度でプラス200℃まで
測定周期:2秒間隔で連続測定(対数減衰率を連続的に算出)
剛体振り子:ナイフ形状エッジ(株式会社エーアンドディ社製、RBE−160)
振り子重量、慣性能率:15g、640g・cm(株式会社エーアンドディ社製、FRB−100)
表8〜表14に示す組合せ及び割合にて混合したカチオン性ポリウレタン樹脂(A)及びケイ素化合物(B)の混合物(C)の、剛体振り子型自由減衰振動法における対数減衰率が最大値を示す温度(Tc)についても、上記と同様の方法にて求めた。
5.2.1 一次密着性試験
JIS−G3312の試験法に準じて各試験板に対し、内側間隔板を挟まない「0T折曲げ試験」を20℃で行い、テープ剥離後の塗膜剥離状態を肉眼で観察し、下記の判定基準に準じて評価を行った。
◎:剥離なし
○:剥離面積10%未満
△:剥離面積10%以上50%未満
×:剥離面積50%以上
試験板を沸水中に2時間浸漬した後、1日放置し一次折曲げ密着性試験と同様の試験(0T折曲げ試験)を行った。判定基準は以下の通りである。
◎:剥離なし
○:剥離面積10%未満
△:剥離面積10%以上50%未満
×:剥離面積50%以上
マイナス15℃に冷却した各試験板に対し、一次折曲げ密着性試験と同様の試験(0T折曲げ試験)を行った。判定基準は以下の通りである。
◎:剥離なし
○:剥離面積10%未満
△:剥離面積10%以上50%未満
×:剥離面積50%以上
5.3.1 一次コインスクラッチ試験
10円硬貨を各試験板に対して45°の角度に設置し、塗膜を2kgの荷重、一定速度でこすり、塗膜の傷付き度を肉眼で観察し、下記判定基準に従って耐コインスクラッチ性の評価を行った。
◎:剥離面積10%未満
○:剥離面積10%以上20%未満
△:剥離面積20%以上50%未満
×:剥離面積50%以上
試験板を沸水中に2時間浸漬した後、1日放置し一次コインスクラッチ性試験と同様の試験を行った。判定基準は以下の通りである。
◎:剥離面積10%未満
○:剥離面積10%以上20%未満
△:剥離面積20%以上50%未満
×:剥離面積50%以上
5.4.1 碁盤目カット部の耐食性試験後密着性(碁盤+SST)
NTカッターを用いて、1mm碁盤目(100マス)を作成した試験片を、JIS−Z2371に準じた塩水噴霧試験器に72時間投入後、テープ剥離を行い、下記判定基準に従って評価を行った。
◎:残個数が100個
○:残個数が90〜99個
△:残個数が50〜90個
×:残個数が50個未満
NTカッターを用いて、1mm碁盤目(100マス)を作成した部分をエリクセン試験器にて7mm押出した試験片を、JIS−Z2371に準じた塩水噴霧試験器に72時間投入後、テープ剥離を行い、下記判定基準に従って評価を行った。
◎:残個数が100個
○:残個数が90〜99個
△:残個数が50〜90個
×:残個数が50個未満
JIS−G3312の試験法に準じて各試験板に対し、内側間隔板を挟まない0T折曲げ試験を20℃で行い、JIS−Z2371に準じた塩水噴霧試験器に72時間投入後にテープ剥離を行い、塗膜剥離状態を肉眼で観察し、下記の判定基準に準じて評価を行った。
◎:剥離なし
○:剥離面積10%未満
△:剥離面積10%以上50%未満
×:剥離面積50%以上
試験の評価結果を表8〜表16に示す。表8より、接着層形成用組成物を構成する要件のうち、カチオン性ウレタン樹脂と化学式(I)のケイ素化合物を含み且つ少なくともTc/Taが規定の範囲(1.2〜3.0)である実施例1〜14は、Ta/Tcが規定の範囲(1.2〜3.0)を超える比較例1,2と比較して、折曲げ密着性及び耐食複合密着性に「×」の評価がなかった。さらに、カチオン性ウレタン樹脂のウレタン基濃度が規定の範囲(1〜5mmol/g)にある実施例2〜7は、そのウレタン基濃度が規定の範囲(1〜5mmol/g)を超える実施例1,8と比較して、折曲げ密着性、スクラッチ性、及び耐複合密着性に優れることがわかる。この傾向は、ポリオールの種類が異なる実施例9〜13においても、実施例8と比較して同様の傾向であった。
Claims (5)
- 鋼板の少なくとも片方の表面に接着層(S)を形成し、該接着層(S)上に意匠性を有し且つ防錆顔料及び/又は着色顔料を含有する上層及び/又は中間層(T)を形成した複層表面処理鋼板を得るために用いる接着層形成用組成物であって、
前記接着層形成用組成物(X)が、水性媒体に、カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)と、下記一般式(I)に示されるケイ素化合物(B)とを含有し、かつ、
前記カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)と前記ケイ素化合物(B)との混合物(C)の剛体振り子型自由減衰振動法における対数減衰率が最大値を示す温度(Tc)と、前記カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)単独の剛体振り子型自由減衰振動法における対数減衰率が最大値を示す温度(Ta)との比(Tc/Ta)が、1.8〜2.2であり、
前記カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)と前記一般式(I)に示されるケイ素化合物(B)との固形分質量比[A/B]が1.2〜1.5であり、
前記カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)は3級アミン及び/又は4級アンモニウムを含有し、ウレタン基濃度が1.0〜5.0mmol/gであり、前記3級アミン及び/又は4級アンモニウムからなる親水基濃度が0.3〜2.0mmol/gであることを特徴とする接着層形成用組成物。
- 前記カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)の前記Taが40℃〜140℃である、請求項1に記載の接着層形成用組成物。
- 前記ケイ素化合物(B)が、3−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン及び3−アミノプロピルモノメチルジエトキシシランからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項1又は2に記載の接着層形成用組成物。
- 前記接着層形成用組成物(X)が、水性媒体と、前記ウレタン樹脂(A)と前記ケイ素化合物(B)のみを含有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の接着層形成用組成物。
- 前記カチオン性ウレタン樹脂(A)が骨格中に脂環構造を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の接着層形成用組成物。
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AU2009352402B2 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
US20120190790A1 (en) | 2012-07-26 |
TWI509105B (zh) | 2015-11-21 |
CN102625818B (zh) | 2015-03-25 |
US9175403B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 |
KR101290878B1 (ko) | 2013-07-29 |
CN102625818A (zh) | 2012-08-01 |
AU2009352402A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
TW201124560A (en) | 2011-07-16 |
JPWO2011030439A1 (ja) | 2013-02-04 |
KR20120060857A (ko) | 2012-06-12 |
WO2011030439A1 (ja) | 2011-03-17 |
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