JP5659467B2 - 成形物の製造方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- ZHZFKLKREFECML-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;sulfate;hydrate Chemical class O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZHZFKLKREFECML-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006143 cell culture medium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cyclopentane Natural products CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001724 microfibril Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013055 pulp slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003214 pyranose derivatives Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Paper (AREA)
Description
針葉樹クラフトパルプ30gを水600gに浸漬し、ミキサーにて分散させた。分散後のパルプスラリーにあらかじめ水200gに溶解させたTEMPOを0.3g、NaBrを3g添加し、更に水で希釈し全体を1400mLとした。系内を20℃に保ち、セルロース1gに対し10mmolになるよう次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液を計りとり、30分で滴下した。滴下開始からpHは低下を始めるが、0.5N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を用いてpHを10に保つ。2時間後、0.5N水酸化ナトリウムが2.5mmol/gになったところでエタノールを30g添加し、反応を停止させた。反応系に0.5N塩酸を添加し、pH2まで低下させた。酸化パルプをろ過し、0.01N塩酸または水で繰返し洗浄した後、酸化パルプを得た。得られた酸化パルプを水で希釈し水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を用いてpH8の1%分散液を得た。超音波ホモジナイザーで20分間処理し、pH8の透明な1%セルロースナノファイバー水溶液を得た。
得られたナノファイバー水溶液の濃度を正確に測定した後、固形分で0.1g相当を計り取り、0.2%濃度に希釈して、塩酸を添加することでpH2とした後、0.1N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を0.1mL/minの定速で注入しながら電導度を測定し、その変動からカルボキシル基により電導度が変動し難くなる領域を読み取り、カルボキシル基量を測定した。その結果、製造例で作成したセルロースナノファイバーのカルボキシル基量は1.6mmol/gであった。得られたセルロースナノファイバー水溶液をスチレン容器の中で80℃で乾燥させ、乾燥固形物を得た
乾燥固形物のX線回折を測定した。セルロースナノファイバーはセルロースIの結晶性を有することを確認した。
固形物のEPMAを測定した。ナトリウムが元素濃度で6.3%検出された。
SEMによりセルロースナノファイバーの乾燥固形物の観察を行った。繊維幅は10nm、繊維長さは約5μmであることが分かった。
多孔質基材として石膏(サンエス石膏 特緑)を用いた。規定の量の水中に石膏を加え、手早くかき混ぜた後、筒状の型に流し込み石膏のロールを作成した。多孔質基材の上に製造例1の1%セルロースナノファイバー水溶液を載せ、圧力をかけてセルロースナノファイバー水溶液を濃縮させた。固形分濃度4%まで濃縮し、石膏からフィルム状の成形物を剥がした。自然乾燥により、膜厚10μmの実施例1の成形物を作製した。
実施例1と同様に石膏からセルロースナノファイバーフィルムを剥がし、0.1N塩酸水溶液に25℃の温度で浸した。10分後、取り出して80度のオーブンで1晩乾燥させ、実施例2の成形物を作成した。
実施例1および実施例2で作製した成形物のEPMAを測定した。実施例1は元素濃度でナトリウムが0.7%、カルシウムが3.6%であった。実施例2はナトリウムが0.1%、カルシウムが1.2%であった。
製造例のセルロースナノファイバー、実施例1および実施例2で作製した成形物を、水、0.01N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液、pH7.4の生理食塩水、0.01N塩酸水溶液に浸漬した。3時間後形状を観察したところ、製造例のセルロースナノファイバーを単に乾燥させたものは水、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液中で崩壊あるいは溶解したが、実施例1の成形物は水あるいは水酸化ナトリウム水溶液中で膨潤したが、溶解あるいは崩壊は見られなかった。また、実施例2の成形物は水酸化ナトリウム水溶液中では膨潤したが、水、塩酸水溶液中では膨潤も見られなかった。
得られた成形物の透明性を透過率により測定した。660nmでの透過率は実施例1も実施例2も85%以上を維持していた。
Claims (1)
- 石膏から成る多孔質基材の表面に、溶媒である水とカルボキシル基の量が0.1mmol/g以上1.7mmol/g以下であり、短軸方向1nm以上500nm以下、長軸方向が500nm以上1000μm以下であり、セルロースを原料に用いたセルロースIの結晶性を有するセルロースナノファイバーとを含む液を接触させる工程と、
前記多孔質基材により前記溶媒である水を除去してフィルム状の成形物を形成する工程と、
前記多孔質基材により、前記溶媒である水を除去することで、前記液の固形分濃度を4%以上にしてフィルム状の成形物を形成する工程と、
形成された前記フィルム状の成形物を前記多孔質基材から剥離する工程と、
形成された前記フィルム状の成形物を乾燥する工程と、
形成された前記フィルム状の成形物を洗浄する工程と、
を具備することを特徴とするフィルム状の成形物の製造方法であり、形成された前記フィルム状の成形物を洗浄する工程を挟まずに、乾燥する工程の後において、石膏を多孔質基材に用いて成形したフィルム状の成形物からは0.1から1.5%のナトリウムが検出され、カルシウムは1.2から7%検出され、フィルム状の成形物を洗浄した後に乾燥させたフィルム状の成形物表面からは、カルシウムが0.5から6%に減少していることを特徴とするフィルム状の成形物の製造方法。
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