JP5645446B2 - 光硬化性樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
光硬化性樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5645446B2 JP5645446B2 JP2010083239A JP2010083239A JP5645446B2 JP 5645446 B2 JP5645446 B2 JP 5645446B2 JP 2010083239 A JP2010083239 A JP 2010083239A JP 2010083239 A JP2010083239 A JP 2010083239A JP 5645446 B2 JP5645446 B2 JP 5645446B2
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Landscapes
- Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
- Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Non-Metallic Protective Coatings For Printed Circuits (AREA)
Description
このような構成により、高感度で、解像性、乾燥塗膜の指触乾燥性に優れ、硬化時などのアウトガスの発生を抑えるとともに、プリント配線板のソルダーレジストを形成する際に、汚染を抑え、優れた位置合わせ精度と高い生産性、信頼性を兼ね備えることが可能となる。
また、本発明の一態様の光硬化性樹脂組成物において、光重合開始剤は、下記一般式(I)で表わされるオキシムエステル化合物であることが好ましい。このようなオキシムエステル化合物を用いることにより、より揮発が低減され、アウトガスによる汚染を抑制するこが可能となる。
また、本発明の一態様の光硬化性樹脂組成物において、さらに熱硬化性樹脂を含むことが好ましい。熱硬化性成分を含有することにより、耐熱性をさらに向上させることができる。
また、本発明の一態様の光硬化性樹脂組成物を、フィルム上に塗布、乾燥してドライフィルムを得ることができる。これにより基材上に光硬化性樹脂組成物を塗布することなく、容易にレジスト層を形成することができる。
本実施形態の光硬化性樹脂組成物は、分子内に2個のオキシムエステル基を有する光重合開始剤、白色顔料、カルボキシル基含有樹脂及び分子中に複数のエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物を含むことを特徴とする。
具体的には、下記一般式(I)で表されるカルバゾール構造を有するオキシムエステル合物が挙げられる。
このような連鎖移動剤の総量は、カルボキシル基含有樹脂100質量部に対して5質量部以下であることが好ましい。総量が5質量部を超えると、必要以上の添加により感度が向上しないだけでなく、これらとエチレン性不飽和基とが反応してしまい、現像性が低下する傾向にある。
温度計、撹枠機、滴下ロート、および還流冷却器を備えたフラスコに、溶媒としてジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル325.0部を110℃まで加熱し、メタクリル酸174部、ε−カプロラクトン変性メタクリル酸(平均分子量314)174部、メタクリル酸メチル77部、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル222部および重合触媒としてt−ブチルパーオキシ2−エチルヘキサノエート(日本油脂社製パーブチルO)12部の混合物を、3時間かけて滴下し、さらに110℃で3時間攪拌し重合触媒を失活させて、樹脂溶液を得た。
なお、得られた樹脂の重量平均分子量は、島津製作所社製ポンプLC−6ADと、昭和電工社製カラムShodeX(登録商標)KF−804、KF−803、KF−802を三本つないだ高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより測定した。
温度計、攪拌機、滴下ロート、および還流冷却器を備えた三口フラスコに、メチルメタクリレート200部、グリシジルメタクリレート142部、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート300部を仕込み、触媒としてアゾビスイソブチロニトリルを加え、攪拌しながら80℃で10時間反応させた。その後、メタクリル酸88部、トリフェニルホスフィン2.0部、安定剤としてハイドロキノン0.2部を計りとり、滴下ロートで滴下し、80℃で16時間反応させた。その後、さらに、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸140部を添加し、80℃で5時間反応させ、感光性のカルボキシル基含有樹脂溶液(B−2)を得た。このようにして得られた樹脂溶液(B−2)の固形分は65%、固形分の酸価は91mgKOH/gであった。
温度計、攪拌機および環流冷却器を備えた5リットルのセパラブルフラスコに、ポリマーポリオールとしてポリカプロラクトンジオール(ダイセル化学工業社製PLACCEL208、分子量830)1,245g、カルボキシル基を有するジヒドロキシル化合物としてジメチロールプロピオン酸201g、ポリイソシアナートとしてイソホロンジイソシアナート777gおよびヒドロキシル基を有する(メタ)アクリレートとして2−ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート119g、さらにp−メトキシフェノールおよびジ−t−ブチル−ヒドロキシトルエンを各々0.5gずつ投入した。その後、攪拌しながら60℃まで加熱して停止し、ジブチル錫ジラウレート0.8gを添加した。反応容器内の温度が低下し始めたら再度加熱して、80℃で攪拌を続け、赤外線吸収スペクトルでイソシアナート基の吸収スペクトル(2280cm-1)が消失したことを確認して反応を終了し、粘稠液体のウレタンアクリレート化合物を得た。
ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート600gにオルソクレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂〔DIC社製、EPICLON N−695、軟化点95℃、エポキシ当量214、平均官能基数7.6〕1070g(グリシジル基数(芳香環総数):5.0モル)、アクリル酸360g(5.0モル)、およびハイドロキノン1.5gを仕み、100℃に加熱攪拌し、均一溶解した。
ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート700gにオルソクレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂〔DIC社製、EPICLON N−695、軟化点95℃、エポキシ当量214、平均官能基数7.6〕1070g(グリシジル基数(芳香環総数):5.0モル)、アクリル酸360g(5.0モル)、およびハイドロキノン1.5gを仕込み、100℃に加熱攪拌し、均一溶解した。
さらに、得られた反応液にグリシジルメタクリレート142 g(1.0モル)を仕込み、115℃で4時間反応を行い、感光性のカルボキシル基含有樹脂溶液(B−5)を得た。このようにして得られた樹脂溶液(B−5)の固形分は65%、固形分の酸価は87mgKOH/gであった。
エポキシ当量800、軟化点79℃のビスフェノールF型固型エポキシ樹脂400部を、エピクロロヒドリン925部とジメチルスルホキシド462.5部を溶解させた後、撹伴下70℃で98.5%NaOH81.2部を100分かけて添加した。添加後、さらに70℃で3時間反応を行なった。
温度計、窒素導入装置兼アルキレンオキサイド導入装置および攪拌装置を備えたオートクレーブに、ノボラック型クレゾール樹脂(昭和高分子社製、商品名「ショーノールCRG951」、OH当量:119.4)119.4g、水酸化カリウム1.19gおよびトルエン119.4gを仕込み、攪拌しつつ系内を窒素置換し、加熱昇温した。
次に、得られたノボラック型アクリレート樹脂溶液332.5gおよびトリフェニルホスフィン1.22gを、攪拌器、温度計および空気吹き込み管を備えた反応器に仕込み、空気を10ml/分の速度で吹き込み、攪拌しながら、テトラヒドロフタル酸無水物608gを徐々に加え、95〜101℃で6時間反応させ、感光性のカルボキシル基含有樹脂溶液(B−7)を得た。このようにして得られた樹脂溶液(B−7)の固形分は71%、固形分の酸価は88mgKOH/gであった。
得られた組成物1〜8を実施例1〜8、組成物9〜10を比較例1、2とし、以下に示す評価を行った。なお、ここで、得られた光硬化性樹脂組成物の分散度を、エリクセン社製グラインドメータによる粒度測定にて評価したところ、それぞれ15μm以下であった。
*4:A-4;2,4-ジエチルチオキサントン
*5:C-1;ルチル型酸化チタン(石原産業社製R-820)
*6:C-2;アナターゼ型酸化チタン(富士チタン工業社製KA-15)
共通成分:
エチレン性不飽和基含有化合物;ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート(日本化薬社製DPHA) 20部
熱硬化性樹脂;フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂 25部
熱硬化性樹脂;トリグリシジルイソシアヌレート 15部
熱硬化触媒;メラミン 5部
連鎖移動剤兼密着性付与剤;メルカプトベンゾチアゾール 0.5部
酸化防止剤;ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス[3-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート](チバ・ジャパン製 イルガノックス1010) 1部
シリコーン系消泡剤; 3部
有機溶剤;DPM(ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル) 5部
<最適露光量>
銅厚35μmの回路パターン基板を、バフロール研磨後、水洗、乾燥し、スクリーン印刷法により実施例および比較例の光硬化性樹脂組成物を全面に塗布した。これを、80℃の熱風循環式乾燥炉で60分間乾燥させた。
この基板を、メタルハライドランプ搭載露光装置(メタルハライドランプ搭載 オーク製作所社製露光機)、高圧水銀灯搭載露光装置(水銀ショートアークランプ搭載 オーク製作所社製露光機)、高圧水銀灯直描露光装置(超高圧水銀灯ランプ搭載直描露光機 大日本スクリーン社製Marculex)、および直接描画装置(405nmレーザー露光装置 日立ビアメカニクス社製)を用いて、それぞれステップタブレット(Kodak No2)を介して露光した。さらに、この基板を、温度:30℃、スプレー圧:0.2MPa、現像液:1質量%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液の条件で60秒間現像し、残存するステップタブレットのパターンが7段の時を最適露光量とした。
上記各実施例及び比較例の組成物を、回路厚35μmのパターン形成された銅箔基板上にスクリーン印刷で全面塗布し、室温まで放冷する。この基板を、メタルハライドランプ搭載露光装置(メタルハライドランプ搭載 オーク製作所社製露光機)、高圧水銀灯搭載露光装置(水銀ショートアークランプ搭載 オーク製作所社製露光機)、高圧水銀灯直描露光装置(超高圧水銀灯ランプ搭載直描露光機 大日本スクリーン社製Marclex)、および直接描画装置(405nmレーザー露光装置 日立ビアメカニクス社製)を用いて最適露光機でソルダーレジストパターンを露光し、30℃の1質量%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液をスプレー圧2kg/cm2の条件で60秒間現像を行い、ラインパターンを得た。露光パターンは100、90、80、70、60、50、40、30μmの幅、1mmの長さのラインパターンであり、露光部の残存したラインの幅で評価し、ラインが残存しなかった場合はNGとした。細い幅のラインが残存するほど解像性は優れる。
各実施例および比較例の光硬化性樹脂組成物を、パターン形成された銅箔基板上に、スクリーン印刷で全面塗布し、80℃で乾燥し、20分から80分まで10分おきに基板を取り出し、室温まで放冷した。
放冷後、この基板に対し、温度:30℃、スプレー圧:0.2MPa、現像液:1質量%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液の条件で60秒間現像し、残渣が残らない最大許容乾燥時間を最大現像ライフとした。
各実施例および比較例の光硬化性樹脂組成物を、パターン形成された銅箔基板上に、スクリーン印刷で全面塗布し、室温まで放冷した。この基板に、水銀ショートアークランプを搭載した露光装置を用いて、最適露光量でソルダーレジストパターンを露光した。
露光後、この基板に対し、温度:30℃、スプレー圧:0.2MPa、現像液:1質量%炭酸トリウム水溶液の条件で60秒間現像し、レジストパターンを得た。
さらに、この基板を、UVコンベア炉にて積算露光量1000mJ/cm2の条件で紫外線照射した後、150℃で60分加熱して硬化した。
得られたプリント基板(評価基板)に対して、以下のように特性を評価した。
ロジン系フラックスを塗布した評価基板を、予め260℃に設定したはんだ槽に浸漬し、変性アルコールでフラックスを洗浄した後、目視によるレジスト層の膨れ・剥がれについて評価した。判定基準は以下のとおりである。
○:10秒間浸漬を3回以上繰り返しても剥がれが認められない
△:10秒間浸漬を3回以上繰り返すと少し剥がれる
×:10秒間浸漬を3回以内にレジスト層に膨れ、剥がれがある
市販品の無電解ニッケルめっき浴および無電解金めっき浴を用いて、ニッケル0.5μm、金0.03μmの条件でめっきを行い、めっきのしみ込みの有無を評価した後、テープピーリングによりレジスト層の剥がれの有無を評価した。判定基準は以下のとおりである。
◎:染み込み、剥がれが見られない
○:めっき後に少し染み込みが確認されるが、テープピール後は剥がれない
△:めっき後にほんの僅かしみ込みが見られ、テープピール後に剥がれも見られる
×:めっき後に剥がれがある
銅箔基板にIPCB−25のクシ型電極Bクーポンを用いた。このクシ型電極にDC1 0Vのバイアス電圧を印加し、85℃、85%R.H.の恒温恒湿槽にて、1,000時間後のマイグレーションの有無を確認した。判定基準は以下のとおりである。
◎:全く変化が認められないもの
○:ごく僅かに変化したもの
△:変色が見られる
×:マイグレーションが発生しているもの
これらの評価結果を表2に示す。
表1の組成物1、2、9、10を、メチルエチルケトンにて希釈し、PETフィルム上に塗布して、80℃で30分乾燥し、厚さ20μmの樹脂組成物層を形成した。さらにその上にカバーフィルムを貼り合わせて、ドライフィルムを作製し、それぞれを実施例9、10、および比較例3、4とした。そして、カバーフィルムを剥がし、パターン形成された銅箔基板に、フィルムを熱ラミネートし、銅箔基板上に樹脂組成物層を密着させた。
表1の組成物4、9、10の光硬化性樹脂組成物を実施例11、比較例5、6とし、ガラス基板上にスクリーン印刷により塗布し、熱風循環式乾燥炉を用いて80℃で30分間乾燥した後、オーク製作所社製高圧水銀灯露光装置を用いて、適正露光量で露光した。そして、その一部について、そのまま塗膜を削りだし、熱硬化前サンプルとし、残りを150℃で60分間硬化した後、塗膜を削りだし熱硬化後サンプルとした。それぞれのサンプル1mgを、パージ&トラップにて、熱硬化前サンプルは150℃で5分間および150℃で30分間、熱硬化後サンプルは245℃で5分間加熱し、発生した光重合開始剤成分を、ガスクロマトグラフで定量した。このときの適正露光量と、発生した光重合開始剤由来の揮発成分(アウトガス)の定量結果を表4に示す。
熱硬化前サンプル、熱硬化後サンプルのいずれにおいても、光重合開始剤由来の揮発成分
(アウトガス)量を抑えることができることがわかる。従って、ダイレクト露光などによる露光時、あるいは後工程でのリフローによる実装時などにおける汚染が抑えることが可能となる。
Claims (5)
- 分子内に2個のオキシムエステル基及びカルバゾール構造を有する光重合開始剤、白色顔料、カルボキシル基含有樹脂(芳香環を有さないカルボキシル基含有樹脂を除く)、分子中に複数のエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物及び熱硬化性樹脂を含むことを特徴とする光硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 前記光重合開始剤は、下記一般式で表わされるオキシムエステル化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1又は請求項2に記載の光硬化性樹脂組成物を、フィルム上に塗布、乾燥して得られることを特徴とするドライフィルム。
- 請求項1又は請求項2に記載の光硬化性樹脂組成物を基材に塗布、乾燥し、若しくは請求項3に記載のドライフィルムを基材にラミネートし、活性エネルギー線の照射により光硬化して得られることを特徴とする硬化物。
- 請求項1又は請求項2に記載の光硬化性樹脂組成物を基材に塗布、乾燥し、若しくは請求項3に記載のドライフィルムを基材にラミネートし、活性エネルギー線の照射により光硬化して得られる硬化物のパターンを有することを特徴とするプリント配線板。
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