JP5454422B2 - 電荷輸送膜用組成物、電荷輸送膜及び有機電界発光素子 - Google Patents
電荷輸送膜用組成物、電荷輸送膜及び有機電界発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5454422B2 JP5454422B2 JP2010192217A JP2010192217A JP5454422B2 JP 5454422 B2 JP5454422 B2 JP 5454422B2 JP 2010192217 A JP2010192217 A JP 2010192217A JP 2010192217 A JP2010192217 A JP 2010192217A JP 5454422 B2 JP5454422 B2 JP 5454422B2
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- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N binaphthyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002529 biphenylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940063013 borate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005989 chlorate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 229940005993 chlorite ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LNAMMBFJMYMQTO-FNEBRGMMSA-N chloroform;(1e,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].[Pd].ClC(Cl)Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 LNAMMBFJMYMQTO-FNEBRGMMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VVOLVFOSOPJKED-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu].N=1C2=NC(C3=CC=CC=C33)=NC3=NC(C3=CC=CC=C33)=NC3=NC(C3=CC=CC=C33)=NC3=NC=1C1=CC=CC=C12 VVOLVFOSOPJKED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazene Chemical compound N=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001664 diethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004705 ethylthio group Chemical group C(C)S* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003914 fluoranthenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C1=C23)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrosulfide Chemical compound [SH-] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- GQZXNSPRSGFJLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyphosphanone Chemical compound OP=O GQZXNSPRSGFJLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005631 hypophosphite ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940006461 iodide ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium silver Chemical compound [Mg].[Ag] SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001840 matrix-assisted laser desorption--ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005905 mesyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940095102 methyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OLXYLDUSSBULGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl pyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 OLXYLDUSSBULGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002816 methylsulfanyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBFXFIPIIMAZPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-phenanthren-9-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylphenanthren-9-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C=2)C=C1 LBFXFIPIIMAZPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017144 n-butyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004957 naphthylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005186 naphthyloxy group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)O* 0.000 description 1
- CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-N naproxen Chemical group C1=C([C@H](C)C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005654 nitrite ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DUSYNUCUMASASA-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);vanadium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[V+4] DUSYNUCUMASASA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-aminodiphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLYCMZGLHLKPPU-UHFFFAOYSA-M perbromate Chemical compound [O-]Br(=O)(=O)=O LLYCMZGLHLKPPU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-M periodate Chemical compound [O-]I(=O)(=O)=O KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000005041 phenanthrolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenetole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001644 phenoxazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- DYUMLJSJISTVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 DYUMLJSJISTVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940049953 phenylacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003356 phenylsulfanyl group Chemical group [*]SC1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001275 scanning Auger electron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical class [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003967 siloles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical group [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001935 tetracenyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005297 thienyloxy group Chemical group S1C(=CC=C1)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005424 tosyloxy group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)(C1=CC=C(C)C=C1)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006617 triphenylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
- C07F5/027—Organoboranes and organoborohydrides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/141—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aliphatic or olefinic chains, e.g. poly N-vinylcarbazol, PVC or PTFE
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/321—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3]
- H10K85/322—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3] comprising boron
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
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- H10K85/324—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3] comprising aluminium, e.g. Alq3
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
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- H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
- H10K85/626—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene containing more than one polycyclic condensed aromatic rings, e.g. bis-anthracene
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- H10K85/633—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
条件(1)
電子受容性化合物及び式(P−1)で表される電荷輸送性化合物からなる電荷輸送膜1(電子受容性化合物:電荷輸送性化合物=1:5(重量比))の抵抗率RR 1 [Ωcm]と、式(P−1)で表される電荷輸送性化合物からなる電荷輸送膜2の抵抗率RR 0 [Ωcm]が、
RR 1 /RR 0 < 8×10 -2
の関係を満たす。
また、本発明の別の要旨は、式(11)で表される電荷輸送性化合物及び条件(1)を満たす電子受容性化合物を含有することを特徴とする電荷輸送膜に存する。
条件(1)
電子受容性化合物及び式(P−1)で表される電荷輸送性化合物からなる電荷輸送膜1(電子受容性化合物:電荷輸送性化合物=1:5(重量比))の抵抗率RR 1 [Ωcm]と、式(P−1)で表される電荷輸送性化合物からなる電荷輸送膜2の抵抗率RR 0 [Ωcm]が、
RR 1 /RR 0 < 8×10 -2
の関係を満たす。
また、本発明の別の要旨は、前記電荷輸送膜を有することを特徴とする有機電界発光素子に存する。
本発明のイオン化合物は、電荷輸送性化合物のカチオンラジカルと、後述の一般式(7)で表わされる対アニオンとからなる。以下、このイオン化合物を便宜上、「イオンラジカル化合物」と呼ぶ。なお、本発明において、電荷輸送性化合物は、通常、正孔輸送性化合物である。よって、本明細書では、特に断らない限り、電荷輸送性化合物は正孔輸送性化合物であるものとして説明を行なう。
本発明のイオンラジカル化合物のアニオンである対アニオンは、下記一般式(7)で表わされる化学種である。
本発明のイオンラジカル化合物のカチオンである正孔輸送性化合物のカチオンラジカルは、後述の〔II−2.正孔輸送性化合物〕に示す電気的に中性の化合物から、一電子取り除いた化学種である。ただし、正孔輸送性化合物が高分子化合物である場合には、その繰り返し単位から一電子取り除いた化学種である。具体例、好ましい例は後述の正孔輸送性化合物と同様である。
本発明のイオンラジカル化合物は、対アニオンとして〔I−1.対アニオン〕で示したアニオンを有するイオン化合物(後述の「電子受容性イオン化合物」)と、〔II−2.正孔輸送性化合物〕で後述する正孔輸送性化合物とを混合することによって合成することができ、種々の溶媒に容易に溶解する。
本発明の電荷輸送膜用組成物は、
(A)後述の一般式(1)〜(3)で表わされる化合物からなる群より選ばれる一種又は二種以上のイオン化合物と、電荷輸送性化合物(正孔輸送性化合物)とを少なくとも含有する組成物(以下、適宜「本発明の電荷輸送膜用組成物(A)」という。)、又は、
(B)正孔輸送性化合物のカチオンラジカルと、前述の一般式(7)で表わされる対アニオンからなるイオン化合物(イオンラジカル化合物)とを少なくとも含有する組成物(以下、適宜「本発明の電荷輸送膜用組成物(B)」という。)である。
本発明の電荷輸送膜用組成物に含有されるイオン化合物は、下記一般式(1)〜(3)で表わされる化合物である。以下、このイオン化合物を便宜上、「電子受容性イオン化合物」と呼ぶ。
アルキルアミノ基としては、炭素数が通常1以上、また、通常12以下、好ましくは6以下のアルキル基を1つ以上有するアルキルアミノ基が挙げられる。具体例としては、メチルアミノ基、ジメチルアミノ基、ジエチルアミノ基、ジベンジルアミノ基等が挙げられる。
アリールアミノ基としては、炭素数が通常3以上、好ましくは4以上、また、通常25以下、好ましくは15以下の芳香族炭化水素基又は芳香族複素環基を1つ以上有するアリールアミノ基が挙げられる。具体例としては、フェニルアミノ基、ジフェニルアミノ基、トリルアミノ基、ピリジルアミノ基、チエニルアミノ基等が挙げられる。
アシルアミノ基としては、炭素数が通常2以上、また、通常25以下、好ましくは15以下のアシル基を1つ以上有するアシルアミノ基が挙げられる。具体例としては、アセチルアミノ基、ベンゾイルアミノ基等が挙げられる。
次に、本発明の電荷輸送膜用組成物に含まれる正孔輸送性化合物(以下、適宜「本発明の正孔輸送性化合物」と略称する。)について説明する。
Ar23〜Ar25は、各々独立して、置換基を有していても良い2価の芳香族炭化水素基、又は置換基を有していても良い2価の芳香族複素環基を表わす。
Yは、下記の連結基群Y1の中から選ばれる連結基を表わす。)
R31及びR32は、各々独立して、水素原子又は任意の置換基を表わす。)
メチル基、エチル基等の、炭素数が通常1以上、通常10以下、好ましくは8以下のアルキル基;ビニル基等の、炭素数が通常2以上、通常11以下、好ましくは5以下のアルケニル基;エチニル基等の、炭素数が通常2以上、通常11以下、好ましくは5以下のアルキニル基;メトキシ基、エトキシ基等の、炭素数が通常1以上、通常10以下、好ましくは6以下のアルコキシ基;フェノキシ基、ナフトキシ基、ピリジルオキシ基等の、炭素数が通常4以上、好ましくは5以上、通常25以下、好ましくは14以下のアリールオキシ基;メトキシカルボニル基、エトキシカルボニル基等の、炭素数が通常2以上、通常11以下、好ましくは7以下のアルコキシカルボニル基;ジメチルアミノ基、ジエチルアミノ基等の、炭素数が通常2以上、通常20以下、好ましくは12以下のジアルキルアミノ基;ジフェニルアミノ基、ジトリルアミノ基、N−カルバゾリル基等の、炭素数が通常10以上、好ましくは12以上、通常30以下、好ましくは22以下のジアリールアミノ基;フェニルメチルアミノ基等の、炭素数が通常6以上、好ましくは7以上、通常25以下、好ましくは17以下のアリールアルキルアミノ基;アセチル基、ベンゾイル基等の、炭素数が通常2以上、通常10以下、好ましくは7以下のアシル基;フッ素原子、塩素原子等のハロゲン原子;トリフルオロメチル基等の、炭素数が通常1以上、通常8以下、好ましくは4以下のハロアルキル基;メチルチオ基、エチルチオ基等の、炭素数が通常1以上、通常10以下、好ましくは6以下のアルキルチオ基;フェニルチオ基、ナフチルチオ基、ピリジルチオ基等の、炭素数が通常4以上、好ましくは5以上、通常25以下、好ましくは14以下のアリールチオ基;トリメチルシリル基、トリフェニルシリル基等の、炭素数が通常2以上、好ましくは3以上、通常33以下、好ましくは26以下のシリル基;トリメチルシロキシ基、トリフェニルシロキシ基等の、炭素数が通常2以上、好ましくは3以上、通常33以下、好ましくは26以下のシロキシ基;シアノ基;フェニル基、ナフチル基等の、炭素数が通常6以上、通常30以下、好ましくは18以下の芳香族炭化水素環基;チエニル基、ピリジル基等の、炭素数が通常3以上、好ましくは4以上、通常28以下、好ましくは17以下の芳香族複素環基。
p、qは各々独立に、0以上、5以下の整数を表わす。
r、s、tは各々独立に、0以上、4以下の整数を表わす。
Q1及びQ2は各々独立に、直接結合又は2価の連結基を表わす。
本発明の電荷輸送膜用組成物(B)は、前述したイオン化合物(イオンラジカル化合物)のうち何れか一種を単独で含有していてもよく、二種以上を含有していても良い。イオン化合物(イオンラジカル化合物)は一種を単独で含有することが好ましい。
本発明の電荷輸送膜用組成物(A)は、上述の電子受容性イオン化合物及び正孔輸送性化合物に加え、必要に応じてその他の成分、例えば溶媒や各種の添加剤等を含んでいても良い。特に、本発明の電荷輸送膜用組成物を用いて、湿式成膜法により電荷輸送膜を形成する場合には、溶媒を用いて前述の電子受容性イオン化合物及び正孔輸送性化合物を溶解させた状態とすることが好ましい。
また、前述のイオン化合物、正孔輸送性化合物、フリーキャリア(カチオンラジカル)、本発明のイオンラジカル化合物を失活させるおそれのある失活物質又は失活物質を発生させるものを含む溶媒として、ベンズアルデヒド等のアルデヒド系溶媒;メチルエチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、アセトフェノン等のα−位に水素原子を有するケトン系溶媒が挙げられるが、これらのアルデヒド系溶媒及びケトン系溶媒は、溶剤分子間で縮合反応したり、又はフリーキャリア(カチオンラジカル)と反応して不純物を生成したりするため、好ましくない。
本発明の電荷輸送膜用組成物(A)により形成される電荷輸送膜は、耐熱性に優れるとともに、高い正孔注入・輸送能を有する。この様な優れた特性が得られる理由を以下に説明する。
次に、本発明の有機電界発光素子について、図1(a)〜図1(c)を参照しながら説明する。なお、図1(a)〜図1(c)は何れも、本発明の一実施形態に係る有機電界発光素子の構成の例を模式的に示す断面図である。
正孔注入層103は、前述の〔II−1.電子受容性イオン化合物〕に記載の電子受容性イオン化合物と、前述の〔II−2.正孔輸送性化合物〕に記載の正孔輸送性化合物とを含む層であることが好ましい。この場合、正孔注入層103における電子受容性イオン化合物の含有量は、通常0.1重量%以上、好ましくは1重量%以上、また、通常50重量%以下、好ましくは25重量%以下の範囲である。電子受容性イオン化合物の含有量が多過ぎると電荷輸送能が低下する虞があるため好ましくない一方で、電子受容性イオン化合物の含有量が少な過ぎるとフリーキャリア(カチオンラジカル)が十分に生成しないためやはり好ましくない。なお、ここで規定する電子受容性イオン化合物の含有量の範囲は、電子受容性イオン化合物を含有する層が素子における正孔注入層以外の層として設けられた場合も同様である。
RR1/RR0 < 8×10-2
の関係を満たす、電子受容性化合物にも関する。
(但し、電荷輸送膜1及び電荷輸送膜2に含まれる電荷輸送性化合物は同じ化合物を用いる。また、上記抵抗率は、(電界強度[V/cm]/電流密度「A/cm2])の値である。(電界強度[V/cm]/電流密度「A/cm2])は、陽極と陰極との間に、膜厚100〜200nm、通電面積0.04cm2の電荷輸送膜を挟持させ、4〜6mA/cm2の電流密度に相当する電流を通電したとき、電荷輸送膜に印加した電界強度から求められる。)
まず、電子受容性化合物及び電荷輸送性化合物を含有する電荷輸送膜1を以下の方法に従い作製する。電荷輸送膜は、測定のため、陽極と陰極との間に挟持される。
ガラス基板上に、インジウム・スズ酸化物(ITO)透明導電膜を120nmの厚さに堆積したものを通常のフォトリソグラフィー技術と塩酸エッチングを用いて2mm幅のストライプにパターニングして陽極を形成する。
パターン形成したITO基板を、界面活性剤水溶液中での超音波洗浄、超純水での水洗、超純水中での超音波洗浄、超純水での水洗の順で洗浄後、圧縮空気で乾燥させ、最後に紫外線オゾン洗浄を行なう。
その後、電子受容性化合物、電荷輸送性化合物及び溶媒からなる組成物を調製する。該組成物は、電子受容性化合物を1.0重量%、電荷輸送性化合物を5.0重量%含有するものである。また、溶媒は通常アニソールを用いるが、アニソールに電子受容性化合物及び電荷輸送性化合物が1重量%以上溶解しない場合には、適宜1重量%以上溶解する溶媒を用いる。
この組成物を、上記ITO基板上にスピンコートし、膜厚100〜200nmの均一な膜である電荷輸送膜1を形成する。
スピンコートは通常大気中で行ない、環境条件としては、23℃、相対湿度40%で行なう。また、スピナ回転数は、1500ppmで、スピナ回転時間は30秒で実施する。
乾燥後、陰極蒸着用のマスクとして2mm幅のストライプ状シャドーマスクを、陽極のITOストライプとは直交するように素子に密着させて、真空蒸着装置内に設置して、装置内の真空度が3×10-4Pa以下になるまで排気する。陰極として、アルミニウムをモリブデンボートにより加熱して、蒸着速度0.2〜1.0nm/秒、真空度5×10-4Paで膜厚80nmのアルミニウム層を形成して陰極を形成する。以上の陰極の蒸着時の基板温度は室温に保持する。以上の様にして、0.04cm2(2mm×2mm)のサイズの通電面積をもつ、電荷輸送膜をITO陽極と陰極で挟持した非発光素子1を得る。
非発光素子に、5〜6mA/cm2の電流密度に相当する電流を通電し、その際の電圧を測定する。本測定の場合、電流密度が小さすぎる場合は測定誤差が大きくなり、電流密度が大きすぎる場合は測定素子の短絡等の問題を生じることから、5〜6mA/cm2の電流密度で測定することが重要である。この電圧Vと電荷輸送膜の膜厚から、電界強度[V/cm]を求める。抵抗率は、この(電界強度[V/cm]/電流密度「A/cm2])により算出される。
の関係を満たす電子受容性化合物は、抵抗率の低い電荷輸送膜を得ることができる。従って、該電子受容性化合物及び電荷輸送性化合物を含有する電荷輸送膜は、有機電界発光素子に用いると、駆動電圧の低い素子となる。よって、該電子受容性化合物は、好ましくは有機電界発光素子に用いられる。
図1(b)に示した有機電界発光素子100bと同様の層構成を有する有機電界発光素子を以下の方法で作製した。
蒸着時の真空度は1.3×10-6Torr(約1.7×10-4Pa)、蒸着速度は0.2nm/秒で、膜厚60nmの膜を正孔輸送層の上に積層して正孔輸送層を形成した。
ここで、発光層までの蒸着を行なった素子を一度真空蒸着装置内より大気中に取り出して、陰極蒸着用のマスクとして2mm幅のストライプ状シャドーマスクを、陽極のITOストライプとは直交するように素子に密着させて、別の真空蒸着装置内に設置して、有機層蒸着時と同様にして装置内の真空度が2×10-6Torr(約2.7×10-4Pa)以下になるまで排気した。陰極として、先ず、フッ化リチウム(LiF)を、モリブデンボートを用いて、蒸着速度0.01nm/秒、真空度7.0×10-6Torr(約9.3×10-4Pa)で、0.5nmの膜厚で発光層の上に成膜した。次に、アルミニウムを同様にモリブデンボートにより加熱して、蒸着速度0.5nm/秒、真空度1×10-6Torr(約1.3×10-4Pa)で膜厚80nmのアルミニウム層を形成して陰極を形成した。以上の2層型陰極の蒸着時の基板温度は室温に保持した。以上の様にして、2mm×2mmのサイズの発光面積部分を有する有機電界発光素子が得られた。この素子の発光特性を下記の表15に表わす。
イオン化合物として、イオン化合物(A−1)の代わりに先の表に示す(B−30)を0.2重量%を添加したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして有機電界発光素子を作製した。
得られた素子の発光特性を下記の表15に表す。200℃の加熱乾燥でも低電圧で発光可能な素子が得られた。
正孔注入層を形成する条件を以下のようにしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして有機電界発光素子を作成した。
正孔注入層を形成する条件を以下のようにしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして有機電界発光素子を作成した。
正孔注入層を形成する条件を以下のようにしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして有機電界発光素子を作成した。
正孔注入層を形成する条件を以下のようにしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして有機電界発光素子を作成した。
実施例3に記載する方法で素子を作製し、作製した素子を、保管中に大気中の水分で劣化することを防ぐため、以下に記載の方法で封止処理を行なった。
例示化合物(A−1)に代えてTBPAHを、組成物中の濃度が0.40重量%となるようにして用いたこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして素子を作製し、100℃保管前後の電圧を測定した。結果を表21に示す。TBPAHを含む正孔注入層を有する素子は、作製直後の電圧も高く、更に100℃で500時間保管した前後の電圧の差も大きかった。
実施例6と同様の手順で作製した素子に、室温(24℃)で21mA/cm2の定電流を連続通電し、同時に素子の駆動電圧を測定した。通電開始時の電圧と、1000時間通電時の素子電圧を表22に示す。例示化合物(A−1)を0.40重量%含む塗布液から形成した正孔注入層を有する素子は、連続通電による、駆動電圧の上昇が小さかった。
例示化合物(A−1)を0.40重量%の代わりに、例示化合物(A−1)を0.20重量%含む塗布液から正孔注入層を成膜したこと以外は、実施例6と同様の手順で作製した素子に、室温(24℃)で21mA/cm2の定電流を連続通電し、同時に素子の駆動電圧を測定した。通電開始時の電圧と、1000時間通電時の素子電圧を表22に示す。例示化合物(A−1)を0.20重量%含む塗布液から形成した正孔注入層を有する素子も、連続通電による、駆動電圧の上昇が小さかった。
例示化合物(A−1)を0.40重量%の代わりに、例示化合物(A−1)を0.60重量%含む塗布液から正孔注入層を成膜したこと以外は、実施例6と同様の手順で作製した素子に、室温(24℃)で21mA/cm2の定電流を連続通電し、同時に素子の駆動電圧を測定した。通電開始時の電圧と、1000時間通電時の素子電圧を表22に示す。例示化合物(A−1)を0.60重量%含む塗布液から形成した正孔注入層を有する素子も、連続通電による、駆動電圧の上昇が小さかった。
例示化合物(A−1)を0.40重量%の代わりに、例示化合物(A−1)を0.80重量%含む塗布液から正孔注入層を成膜したこと以外は、実施例6と同様の手順で作製た素子に、室温(24℃)で21mA/cm2の定電流を連続通電し、同時に素子の駆動電圧を測定した。通電開始時の電圧と、1000時間通電時の素子電圧を表22に示す。例示化合物(A−1)を0.80重量%含む塗布液から形成した正孔注入層を有する素子も、連続通電による、駆動電圧の上昇が小さかった。
例示化合物(A−1)を0.40重量%の代わりに、TBPAHを0.80重量%含む塗布液から正孔注入層を成膜したこと以外は、実施例6と同様の手順で作製した素子に、室温(24℃)で21mA/cm2の定電流を連続通電し、同時に素子の駆動電圧を測定した。通電開始時の電圧と、1000時間通電時の素子電圧を表22に示す。TBPAHを0.80重量%含む塗布液から形成した正孔注入層を有する素子は、通電開始時の素子電圧が高く、連続通電による、駆動電圧の上昇も大きかった。
例示化合物(A−1)を0.40重量%の代わりに、TBPAHを0.20重量%含む塗布液から正孔注入層を成膜したこと以外は、実施例6と同様の手順で作製した素子に、室温(24℃)で21mA/cm2の定電流を連続通電し、同時に素子の駆動電圧を測定
した。通電開始時の電圧と、1000時間通電時の素子電圧を表22に示す。TBPAHを0.20重量%含む塗布液から形成した正孔注入層を有する素子は、TBPAHを0.80重量%含む塗布液から形成した正孔注入層を有する素子よりも通電開始時の素子電圧が更に高く、連続通電による、駆動電圧の上昇も大きかった。
(電荷輸送膜1及び非発光素子1)
実施例1に記載する手順で陽極パターニング後洗浄したITO基板上に、電子受容性化合物(例示化合物(A−1))と電荷輸送性化合物(例示化合物(P−1)、重量平均分子量29,600;ガラス転移温度177℃)及び溶媒を含有する組成物を、下記の条件で、上記ガラス基板上にスピンコートし、膜厚200nmの均一な薄膜である電荷輸送膜1を形成した。スピンコートは大気中で行なった。このときの環境条件は、気温23℃・相対湿度40%である。
電荷輸送膜を形成する条件を以下のようにしたこと以外は、電荷輸送膜1と同様にして電荷輸送膜2を作製し、非発光素子1と同様にして非発光素子2を作製した。このときの電荷輸送膜2の膜厚は180nmであった。
表27に抵抗率の値を示す。また、表27に、電荷輸送膜1と電荷輸送膜2の抵抗率の比を示す。
(電荷輸送膜1′及び非発光素子1′)
電荷輸送膜を形成する条件を以下のようにしたこと以外は、実施例11の電荷輸送膜1と同様にして電荷輸送膜1′を作製し、非発光素子1と同様にして非発光素子1′を作製した。このときの電荷輸送膜1′の膜厚は120nmであった。
電荷輸送膜を形成する条件を以下のようにしたこと以外は、電荷輸送膜1′と同様にして電荷輸送膜2′を作製し、非発光素子1′と同様にして非発光素子2′を作製した。このときの電荷輸送膜2′の膜厚は100nmであった。
表27に、抵抗率の値を示す。また、表27に、電荷輸送膜1′と電荷輸送膜2′の抵抗率の比を示す。
101 基板
102 陽極
103 正孔注入層
104 正孔輸送層
105 発光層
106 電子輸送層
107 陰極
Claims (3)
- 式(11)で表される電荷輸送性化合物及び条件(1)を満たす電子受容性化合物を含有する
ことを特徴とする、電荷輸送膜用組成物。
条件(1)
電子受容性化合物及び式(P−1)で表される電荷輸送性化合物からなる電荷輸送膜1(電子受容性化合物:電荷輸送性化合物=1:5(重量比))の抵抗率RR 1 [Ωcm]と、式(P−1)で表される電荷輸送性化合物からなる電荷輸送膜2の抵抗率RR 0 [Ωcm]が、
RR 1 /RR 0 < 8×10 -2
の関係を満たす。
- 式(11)で表される電荷輸送性化合物及び条件(1)を満たす電子受容性化合物を含有する
ことを特徴とする、電荷輸送膜。
条件(1)
電子受容性化合物及び式(P−1)で表される電荷輸送性化合物からなる電荷輸送膜1(電子受容性化合物:電荷輸送性化合物=1:5(重量比))の抵抗率RR 1 [Ωcm]と、式(P−1)で表される電荷輸送性化合物からなる電荷輸送膜2の抵抗率RR 0 [Ωcm]が、
RR 1 /RR 0 < 8×10 -2
の関係を満たす。
- 請求項2記載の電荷輸送膜を有する
ことを特徴とする、有機電界発光素子。
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EP2325190A1 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
KR100934890B1 (ko) | 2010-01-06 |
KR100834327B1 (ko) | 2008-06-02 |
KR100882172B1 (ko) | 2009-02-06 |
EP1725079A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 |
US8252432B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 |
KR20080103102A (ko) | 2008-11-26 |
US20070207341A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
EP2533610B1 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
JP2010280907A (ja) | 2010-12-16 |
EP2533610A1 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
EP1725079A4 (en) | 2010-01-13 |
KR100963457B1 (ko) | 2010-06-17 |
KR20080064201A (ko) | 2008-07-08 |
EP2325190B1 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
US20110001134A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
JP5381931B2 (ja) | 2014-01-08 |
EP2918590A1 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
KR20080003449A (ko) | 2008-01-07 |
JP2011026325A (ja) | 2011-02-10 |
KR20060122981A (ko) | 2006-11-30 |
US7879461B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 |
WO2005089024A1 (ja) | 2005-09-22 |
KR20080065687A (ko) | 2008-07-14 |
EP2325191A1 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
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