JP5358253B2 - Reciprocating compressor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reciprocating compressor.

  There is a reciprocating compressor in which a piston reciprocates while swinging in a cylinder (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2006-152960 A

  In the compressor as described above, there is a demand for high performance such as high pressure by reducing leakage of compressed fluid from the piston ring.

  An object of this invention is to provide the reciprocating compressor which can respond to further high performance.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an end portion in the circumferential direction of the piston ring in which the joint portion of the piston ring is displaced in the axial direction of the piston ring and forms a mating surface by overlapping in the circumferential direction. And a base portion formed at each of the other ends, and the mating surface of each base portion is located at the position of the maximum outer diameter portion of the piston ring and offset from the axial center of the piston ring. Is formed.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, it is possible to reduce the leakage of the compressed fluid from the piston ring and cope with higher performance.

It is a sectional side view which shows the reciprocating compressor which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is II-II sectional drawing which shows the reciprocating compressor which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows the disk part vicinity of the piston of the reciprocating compressor which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. The piston ring of the reciprocating compressor which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view. FIG. 5 is a VV cross-sectional view of the piston ring of the reciprocating compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4. The piston ring of the reciprocating compressor which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view. It is VII-VII sectional drawing shown in FIG. 6 of the piston ring of the reciprocating compressor which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The piston ring of the reciprocating compressor which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a bottom view. It is IX-IX sectional drawing shown in FIG. 8 of the piston ring of the reciprocating compressor which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The piston ring of the reciprocating compressor which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view. It is XI-XI sectional drawing shown in FIG. 8 of the piston ring of the reciprocating compressor which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the piston ring of the reciprocating compressor which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a plane sectional view showing other reciprocating compressors to which the piston rings of the first to fifth embodiments can be applied.

  Hereinafter, reciprocating compressors according to embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

“First Embodiment”
First, a reciprocating compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  The reciprocating compressor 10 sucks, compresses and discharges a gas (fluid). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the reciprocating compressor 10 has a crankcase 11, and the crankcase 11 has a crank chamber 12 inside. An electric motor 15 is attached to the crankcase 11 as shown in FIG. The electric motor 15 has a bottomed cylindrical shape having a body portion 16 and a bottom portion 17, a motor housing 18 whose opening side is connected to the crankcase 11, and a stator 19 attached to the inside of the body portion 16 of the motor housing 18. The bearing 21 held by the bearing holding part 20 of the bottom 17 of the motor housing 18, the bearing 23 held by the bearing holding part 22 of the crankcase 11, and the output shaft rotatably supported by these bearings 21, 23 And a rotor 25 including 24.

  One end side of the output shaft 24 of the electric motor 15 protrudes into the crank chamber 12, and a crank member 29 that constitutes the crankshaft 28 with the output shaft 24 of the electric motor 15 is fixed in an eccentric state to this portion. Yes. A key groove 31 is formed in the output shaft 24, and a fitting hole 32 is formed in the crank member 29 so as to be eccentric with respect to the outer peripheral portion and engage the output shaft 24. 33 is formed, and the crank member 29 is integrated with the output shaft 24 by fitting the key 34 into the key grooves 31 and 33. As a result, the crankcase 11 supports the crankshaft 28 via the bearing 23.

  Further, a balance weight 37 is fixed to the output shaft 24 of the electric motor 15 by a nut 38 that abuts against the crank member 29 at an intermediate position thereof and is screwed to the output shaft 24. The cooling fan 39 is fixed. The balance weight 37 is also formed with a fitting hole 40 for fitting the output shaft 24 and a key groove 41. By fitting the key 34 into the key groove 41, the balance weight 37 is The output shaft 24 is integrated.

  On the crankcase 11, a cylindrical cylinder 45 is attached on the base end side. The base end side of the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 opens into the crank chamber 12. A cylinder head 50 including a valve seat plate 48 and a cylinder head main body 49 is mounted on the distal end side of the cylinder 45.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cylinder head main body 49 includes a suction port 51 that communicates with the outside, a suction chamber 52 that communicates with the suction port 51, a discharge port 53 that communicates with the outside, and a discharge that communicates with the discharge port 53. A chamber 54 is defined.

  The valve seat plate 48 is interposed between the cylinder 45 and the cylinder head main body 49, and the valve seat plate 48 has a suction hole 57 for communicating the suction chamber 52 with the compression chamber 55 on the cylinder 45 side. A discharge hole 58 for communicating the discharge chamber 54 with the compression chamber 55 is formed. Further, a suction valve 59 and a discharge valve 60 as reed valves are attached to the valve seat plate 48, and the suction valve 59 and the discharge valve 60 are fixed to the valve seat plate 48 through screws or the like on the base end side. The suction hole 57 and the discharge hole 58 are opened and closed, respectively.

  A swinging piston 63 is slidably inserted into the cylinder 45. The piston 63 is located on one end side thereof, and is connected to the crank member 29 of the crank 28 that is positioned in the crank chamber 12 and rotates eccentrically via a bearing 64, and an annular connecting portion 65. A piston rod portion 66 that is integrally formed with the connecting portion 65 and extends into the cylinder 45, and is formed integrally with the piston rod portion 66 at the other end side of the piston 63 so as to be orthogonal to the piston rod portion 66. A piston main body 68 having a disc-shaped ring receiver 67, and a ring receiver 67 provided separately from the piston main body 68 and fixed to the ring receiver 67 with a screw 69 and disposed in the cylinder 45. And a disk-shaped retainer 70 having substantially the same diameter. In the piston main body 68, the center axis of the ring receiver 67 and the center axis of the piston rod portion 66 coincide with each other, and the center axis of the piston rod portion 66 is orthogonal to the center axis of the connecting portion 65. Further, the piston rod portion 66 has a thickness in the direction along the central axis of the connecting portion 65 that is narrower than a width in a direction perpendicular thereto. The retainer 70 is attached to the piston main body 68 so that the center axis of the retainer 70 coincides with the center axis of the ring receiver 67 and the center axis of the piston rod portion 66 to constitute the piston 63.

  Here, a disc portion in which a ring receiver 67 and a retainer 70 provided on the other end side of the piston 63 reciprocate while swinging in the cylinder 45 to define a compression chamber 55 between the cylinder head 50. 71, and a piston ring 72 that seals between the piston 63 and the cylinder 45 is held by the disk portion 71. The outer peripheral side of the piston ring 72 slides on the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45. The retainer 70 and the ring receiver 67 may be configured integrally, or the ring receiver 67 and the piston rod portion 66 may be divided.

  The piston 63 is reciprocated while the connecting portion 65 is eccentrically moved by the crank member 29, so that the disk portion 71 in the cylinder 45 reciprocates while sliding the piston ring 72 held in the cylinder 45, At this time, since the connecting portion 65, the piston rod portion 66, and the disk portion 71 are integrated, it swings in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the crankshaft 28 and perpendicular to the central axis of the cylinder 45. A direction perpendicular to the central axis of the crankshaft 28 and perpendicular to the central axis of the cylinder 45 is defined as a swinging direction. On the other hand, the piston 63 does not swing in the axial direction of the crankshaft 28. The axial direction of the crankshaft 28 is defined as a non-oscillating direction. The disk portion 71 has a maximum swing angle when swinging in the swinging direction and a minimum (0) in the non-swinging direction.

  As shown in FIG. 3, an annular stepped portion 75 is formed on the ring receiver 67 concentrically with the central axis of the piston rod portion 66 on the outer diameter side and the opposite side of the piston rod portion 66. The stepped portion 75 and the disc-shaped retainer 70 form an annular ring groove 76 that is located on the outer peripheral side of the disc portion 71 of the piston 63 and is recessed in the center direction. The above-described piston ring 72 that seals between the piston 63 and the cylinder 45 is mounted in the ring groove 76. The retainer 70 is formed with a protrusion 77 shown in FIG. 4 protruding in the ring groove 76 in the non-oscillating direction. The protrusion 77 engages with the piston ring 72 to restrict the rotation of the piston ring 72 with respect to the ring groove 76. The protrusion 77 is preferably formed in the non-oscillating direction, but the position where the protrusion 77 is formed is not limited as long as the rotation of the piston ring 72 can be restricted. Further, when the rotation of the piston ring 72 is restricted by other methods such as partial bonding, or when the rotation is restricted by a tension ring (not shown) provided between the piston ring 72 and the piston ring groove 76, there is no protrusion 77. May be.

  The piston ring 72 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is integrally formed in a substantially annular shape by a resin material having a spring property having excellent wear resistance and self-lubricating properties. The piston ring 72 has a substantially arc-shaped main ring portion 80 and a circle formed at one end in the circumferential direction of the main ring portion 80 and biased toward one end in the axial direction of the main ring portion 80 and thinner than the main ring portion 80. An arc-shaped base portion 81, an arc-shaped base portion 82 that is at the other circumferential end of the main ring portion 80 and is thinner than the main ring portion 80, being biased toward the other axial end of the main ring portion 80; have. The base portions 81 and 82 on both sides form a mating surface 81a and 82a that are in contact with each other by being displaced in the axial direction of the piston ring 72 and overlapping in the circumferential direction. The combined axial length of these base portions 81 and 82 is equal to the axial length of the main ring portion 80.

  These base portions 81 and 82 constitute the abutment portion 84. That is, when the base portions 81 and 82 on both sides constituting the joint portion 84 are displaced in the circumferential direction, the piston ring 72 can be expanded and contracted. In the natural state, the piston ring 72 is formed with a circumferential gap 85 between the base portion 81 on one end side in the circumferential direction of the main ring portion 80 and the other end portion of the main ring portion 80. A similar abutment gap 86 is also formed between the base portion 82 on the other end side of the main ring portion 80 and one end portion of the main ring portion 80. When the piston ring 72 is expanded or contracted, the joint gaps 85 and 86 expand and contract. The main ring portion 80 is formed with a notch 88 that is recessed along the central axis direction on one side in the axial direction on the inner peripheral side of the intermediate position that is approximately 180 degrees opposite to the joint portion 84.

  And in 1st Embodiment, the axial direction thickness of one base part 81 is formed thinner than the axial direction thickness of the other base part 82, and, thereby, the matching surface 81a of the base parts 81 and 82, 82a is formed at a position offset from the center of the piston ring 72 in the axial direction to the side opposite to the crankshaft 28 (upper side in FIGS. 4 and 5).

  In the first embodiment, the outer periphery of the piston ring 72 is centered in the axial direction on one side of the axial end, specifically on the crankshaft 28 side (the lower side in FIGS. 4B and 5). A reduced diameter portion 90 which is reduced in diameter so that the diameter on the end side is smaller than the side is provided in the range of the base portion 82 in the axial direction over the entire circumference. Specifically, the diameter-reduced portion 90 has a circular cross section in the axial direction of the piston ring 72, which improves the sealing performance with the cylinder in accordance with the swing angle associated with the reciprocating motion of the piston. As long as the processing for doing so is performed, it may not be an arc shape. The outer periphery of the piston ring 72 excluding the reduced diameter portion 90 is a maximum outer diameter portion 91 that is the maximum outer diameter in the piston ring 72. The maximum outer diameter portion 91 has a flat cross-section in the axial direction of the piston ring 72 along the axial direction of the piston ring 72, and the entire range of the base portion 81 and the base portion 81 side of the base portion 82 in the axial direction. It is formed with some range. The mating surfaces 81 a and 82 a of the base portions 81 and 82 are disposed on the maximum outer diameter portion 91.

Such a piston ring 72 is disposed in the stepped portion 75 of the ring receiver 67 before the retainer 70 is mounted, with the notch 88 on the non-oscillating direction side and the reduced diameter portion 90 on the lower side. Since the retainer 70 is fixed to the ring receiver 67 of the piston main body 68, the piston ring 72 is held in the ring groove 76. As described above, the protrusion 77 of the retainer 70 is fitted into the notch 88 of the piston ring 72 so that the rotation of the piston ring 72 relative to the disk portion 71 is restricted. And the abutment part 84 is arrange | positioned in the non-swinging direction in the state mounted | worn with the ring groove 76, and in other words, it can maintain in the state provided in the position where the rocking angle of the disc part 71 is small. desirable.
When the piston ring 72 is restricted in rotation by another method, the notch 88 and the protrusion 77 may not be provided. In addition, there is a case where the rotation restriction of the piston ring 72 is not provided. In that case, the sealing effect from the joint portion 84 may be slightly reduced and leakage may occur, but the joint portion 84 is not swung. Does not need to be placed.

  The reciprocating compressor 10 according to the first embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the operation thereof will be described next.

  When the electric motor 15 is rotationally driven, the crank member 29 fixed to the output shaft 24 performs an eccentric rotational motion. Then, the piston 63 rotatably connected to the crank member 29 via the bearing 64 reciprocates the disk portion 71 and the piston ring 72 in the cylinder 45. In the suction stroke, the compression chamber 55 is expanded by the movement of the disk portion 71 and the piston ring 72 in the direction opposite to the cylinder head 50, and the suction valve 59 is opened while the discharge valve 60 is closed, so that the gas is compressed into the compression chamber 55. To introduce. In the subsequent compression stroke, the compression chamber 55 is contracted by the movement of the disk portion 71 and the piston ring 72 in the direction of the cylinder head 50, and the discharge valve 60 is opened while the suction valve 59 is closed, and compressed gas is supplied from the compression chamber 55 to the cylinder. Discharge into the discharge chamber 54 in the head 50.

  During the above operation, the disk portion 71 and the piston ring 72 reciprocate while swinging in the cylinder 45.

  In other words, at the bottom dead center where the compression chamber 55 is expanded most, the piston 63 has an overall swinging angle of the disk portion 71 of 0 and is coaxial with the cylinder 45, and the piston ring 72 mounted in the ring groove 76. However, the entire rocking angle is 0 and the maximum outer diameter portion 91 contacts the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 over the entire circumference.

  When the crank member 29 is rotated to perform the compression stroke from this state and the disk portion 71 and the piston ring 72 are moved in the direction of reducing the compression chamber 55, the top dead center and the bottom dead center from the bottom dead center to the compression stroke. The connecting portion 65 rotates eccentrically while moving in a direction away from the cylinder shaft to the middle of the cylinder shaft, and the swing angle of the disk portion 71 of the piston 63 in the swing direction gradually increases. Thus, when the swing angle in the swing direction of the disk portion 71 increases, the piston ring 72 moves in the swing direction in accordance with the inner diameter of the cylinder 45 while shifting the base portions 81 and 82 of the joint portion 84 in the circumferential direction. The diameter will be expanded. At that time, both sides of the piston ring 72 in the non-oscillation direction do not expand in diameter regardless of the oscillation angle in the oscillation direction, and come into contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at the maximum outer diameter portion 91. . As a result, the abutment portion 84 arranged in the non-oscillating direction has the mating surfaces 81a and 82a of the base portions 81 and 82 disposed on the maximum outer diameter portion 91. The base portions 81 and 82 always contact the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 to maintain the sealing performance.

  Further, as described above, when the swing angle in the swing direction of the disk portion 71 increases from the bottom dead center to the middle between the top dead center and the bottom dead center in the compression stroke, the piston ring 72 is positioned on the cylinder head 50 side. One side of the swinging direction to be brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at a position corresponding to the swinging angle of the reduced diameter portion 90 and the opposite side of the swinging direction located on the side opposite to the cylinder head 50 is The maximum outer diameter portion 91 swings while being in contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at the end opposite to the reduced diameter portion 90. When the connecting portion 65 is farthest from the cylinder shaft between the top dead center and the bottom dead center, the disk portion 71 and the piston ring 72 are inclined most with respect to the central axis of the cylinder 45 and swing in the swing direction. The moving angle is maximized.

  Subsequently, in the compression stroke, the connecting portion 65 returns to the center as it goes from the middle between the top dead center and the bottom dead center to the top dead center, and the swing angle in the swing direction of the disk portion 71 gradually decreases. Become. When the swing angle of the disk portion 71 is reduced, the piston ring 72 is reduced in the swing direction in accordance with the inner diameter of the cylinder 45 while shifting the base portions 81 and 82 of the joint portion 84 in the circumferential direction. At that time, one side of the swinging direction located on the cylinder head 50 side is continuously brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at a position corresponding to the swinging angle of the reduced diameter portion 90. The opposite side of the swinging direction located on the opposite side is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at the end opposite to the reduced diameter portion 90 of the maximum outer diameter portion 91.

  At the top dead center where the compression chamber 55 is most reduced, the entire rocking angle of the disk portion 71 becomes 0, the piston 63 and the cylinder 45 are coaxial, and the compression stroke is completed. The rocking angle of the cylinder 45 becomes 0 and comes into contact with the inner circumferential surface 46 of the cylinder 45 by surface contact at the maximum outer diameter portion 91 over the entire circumference.

  When the crank member 29 rotates to perform the suction stroke from the state where the disk portion 71 is at the top dead center, the piston 63 moves the disk portion 71 and the piston ring 72 in the direction in which the compression chamber 55 is expanded. The connecting portion 65 rotates eccentrically while moving in a direction away from the cylinder shaft to the middle between the top dead center and the bottom dead center, and the swing angle in the swing direction of the disk portion 71 gradually increases.

  Thus, when the swing angle in the swing direction of the disk portion 71 increases from the top dead center to the middle between the top dead center and the bottom dead center in the suction stroke, the piston ring 72 moves toward the cylinder head 50 side. The opposite side of the swinging direction is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at a position corresponding to the swinging angle of the reduced diameter portion 90, and the swinging direction is located on the opposite side of the cylinder head 50. One side is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at the end of the maximum outer diameter portion 91 opposite to the reduced diameter portion 90. When the connecting portion 65 is farthest away from the cylinder axis between the top dead center and the bottom dead center, the disk portion 71 and the piston ring 72 are inclined most with respect to the central axis of the cylinder 45 and swing in the swing direction. The moving angle is maximized.

  Subsequently, in the suction stroke, the connecting portion 65 returns to the center from the middle between the top dead center and the bottom dead center to the bottom dead center, and the swing angle in the swing direction of the disk portion 71 gradually decreases. Become. At that time, the piston ring 72 continues to abut the inner side surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at the position corresponding to the swing angle of the reduced diameter portion 90 on the opposite side in the swing direction located on the cylinder head 50 side. One side in the swinging direction located on the side opposite to the cylinder head 50 is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at the end of the maximum outer diameter portion 91 opposite to the reduced diameter portion 90.

  At the bottom dead center where the compression chamber 55 is expanded most, the piston 63 and the cylinder 45 are coaxial and the suction stroke is completed, and the piston ring 72 has an inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at the maximum outer diameter portion 91 over the entire circumference. Will abut.

  According to the first embodiment described above, the mating surfaces 81a and 82a of the base portions 81 and 82 forming the joint portion 84 are located at the position of the maximum outer diameter portion 91 of the piston ring 72 and the shaft of the piston ring 72. Since the seal line is formed at a position offset from the center of the direction, the seal line can be prevented from being interrupted by the joint gaps 85 and 86, and the seal line can be formed on the outer periphery of the piston ring 72. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the leakage of compressed gas from between the abutment portion 84 and the cylinder 45, which are likely to cause the leakage of compressed gas, and it is possible to cope with higher performance.

  Moreover, since the diameter-reduced part 90 is formed in the piston ring 72, the sealing performance at the time of swinging is improved. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the leakage of the compressed gas, and it is possible to cope with higher performance.

  In addition, since the piston ring 72 has a substantially arc-shaped cross section in the reduced diameter portion 90, the sealing performance is improved by the effect of the shape for a certain period of time, and the leakage of compressed gas is effective. It is possible to suppress further, and it becomes possible to cope with further higher performance. Further, when the piston ring 72 is worn, the entire outer periphery becomes flat, and the performance is lowered, so that the replacement time can be notified.

  Further, since the maximum outer diameter portion 91 of the piston ring 72 has a flat cross section in the axial direction, at the top dead center of the piston 63 where the pressure in the compression chamber 55 becomes high, the inside of the piston ring 72 and the cylinder 45 is increased. The peripheral surface 46 can be brought into surface contact. Therefore, since leakage of compressed gas can be suppressed effectively, it becomes possible to cope with further higher performance.

Further, since the piston ring 35 is positioned with respect to the ring groove 76 by arranging the abutment portion 84 at a portion where the change in the swing angle is small with respect to the cylinder 45, the piston ring 35 is divided and is likely to leak compressed gas. The abutment portion 84 can be positioned on the side where the change in the swing angle is small, and can be maintained in good contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress leakage of compressed gas from between the abutment portion 84 and the cylinder 45, which are likely to cause compressed gas leakage, so that it is possible to cope with further improvement in performance.
In the present embodiment, the mating surfaces 81 a and 82 a of the base portions 81 and 82 that form the joint portion 84 are compressed from the position of the maximum outer diameter portion 91 of the piston ring 72 and from the axial center of the piston ring 72. It is formed at a position offset to the chamber side. For this reason, the strength of the base portions 81 and 82 can be improved, and the piston ring 72 can be prevented from dropping to the cylinder case side due to the pressure from the compression chamber side. Further, the mating surfaces 81a and 82a may be formed at positions offset from the axial center of the piston ring toward the cylinder case. In this case, it is possible to prevent the piston ring 72 from coming off to the compression chamber side by pressure blowback or the like.

“Second Embodiment”
Next, a reciprocating compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described below mainly with reference to FIGS. In addition, the part similar to 1st Embodiment is abbreviate | omitting the description as the same name and the same code | symbol.

  In the second embodiment, the shape of the outer peripheral portion of the piston ring 72 is different from that of the first embodiment.

  On the outer periphery of the piston ring 72 of the second embodiment, on the one side of its axial end, specifically on the crankshaft 28 side (the lower side in FIG. 6B and FIG. 7), the axially central side A reduced diameter portion 95 that is reduced in diameter so that the diameter on the end side becomes smaller than that of the base portion 82 is provided in the axial direction. Further, it is contracted to the other side of the end portion in the axial direction, specifically, on the side opposite to the crankshaft 28 (upper side in FIGS. 6 and 7) so that the diameter on the end side is smaller than the center side in the axial direction. A reduced diameter portion 96 having a diameter is provided in the range of the base portion 81 in the axial direction.

  Specifically, the diameter-reduced portion 95 on the crankshaft 28 side has an arc-shaped cross section of the piston ring 72, and the diameter-reduced portion 96 on the opposite side of the crankshaft 28 is also the axis of the piston ring 72. The cross section in the direction has an arc shape. In the reduced diameter portion 95, the axial length of the piston ring 72 is made longer than that of the reduced diameter portion 96, and the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion 95 is equal to the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion 96.

  These reduced diameter portions 95 and 96 are smoothly continuous, and these continuous portions serve as a maximum outer diameter portion 97 that is the maximum outer diameter in the piston ring 72. The maximum outer diameter portion 97 is formed at a position offset from the center of the piston ring 72 in the axial direction on the opposite side to the crankshaft 28 (upper side in FIGS. 6B and 7). 97, the mating surfaces 81a and 82a of the base portions 81 and 82 are arranged.

  In the second embodiment, the piston ring 72 comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at the maximum outer diameter portion 97 at the bottom dead center and the top dead center, and swings from this state. The non-oscillation direction is in contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 smoothly by the maximum outer diameter portion 97 and the oscillation direction by the arc-shaped reduced diameter portion 95 or the reduced diameter portion 96.

  According to the second embodiment described above, since the diameter-reduced portions 95 and 96 are formed on both sides in the axial direction of the piston ring 72, sealing is performed in both the compression process and the suction process due to the effect of the shape. As a result, the leakage of compressed gas can be effectively suppressed, and it becomes possible to cope with higher performance.

“Third Embodiment”
Next, a reciprocating compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described below mainly with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. In addition, the part similar to 1st Embodiment is abbreviate | omitting the description as the same name and the same code | symbol.

  In the third embodiment, the shapes of the joint portion 84 and the outer peripheral portion of the piston ring 72 are different from those of the first embodiment.

  In the piston ring 72 of the third embodiment, an extending portion 100 extending in the circumferential direction is formed on the distal end side and the inner diameter side of the base portion 81, and this extension is formed on the inner diameter side of the main ring portion 80 on the base portion 82 side. A stepped portion 101 that accommodates the extended portion 100 is formed by overlapping the extended portion 100 in the circumferential direction. The extending portion 100 and the stepped portion 101 are in contact with each other in the radial direction with respect to the expansion and contraction of the piston ring 72.

  The outer periphery of the piston ring 72 of the third embodiment is closer to one side of the axial end, specifically to the crankshaft 28 side (lower side in FIGS. 8B and 9) than the center side in the axial direction. A reduced diameter portion 102 that is reduced in diameter so that the diameter on the end side is reduced is provided in the range of the base portion 82 in the axial direction. Further, on the other side of the end portion in the axial direction, specifically, on the side opposite to the crankshaft 28 (upper side in FIGS. 8B and 9), the diameter on the end side is smaller than the center side in the axial direction. The reduced diameter portion 103 that decreases in diameter is provided in the range of the base portion 81 in the axial direction.

  Specifically, the diameter-reduced portion 102 on the crankshaft 28 side has an arc-shaped cross section in the axial direction of the piston ring 72, and the diameter-reduced portion 103 on the opposite side to the crankshaft 28 is also the axis of the piston ring 72. The cross section in the direction has an arc shape. In the reduced diameter portion 102, the axial length of the piston ring 72 is longer than that of the reduced diameter portion 103, and the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion 102 is equal to the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion 103.

  The outer periphery of the piston ring 72 excluding these reduced diameter portions 102 and 103 is the maximum outer diameter portion 104 that becomes the maximum outer diameter in the piston ring 72. The maximum outer diameter portion 104 has a flat cross section in the axial direction of the piston ring 72 along the axial direction of the piston ring 72, and a partial range on the base portion 82 side of the base portion 81 in the axial direction and the base portion 82 is formed in a partial range on the base part 81 side. Also in the third embodiment, the maximum outer diameter portion 104 is offset from the axial center of the piston ring 72 to the side opposite to the crankshaft 28, and the mating surfaces 81a and 82a of the base portions 81 and 82 are disposed. Has been.

  In the third embodiment, the piston ring 72 contacts the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 with a flat maximum outer diameter portion 104 along the axial direction of the piston ring 72 over the entire circumference at the bottom dead center and the top dead center. When it swings from this state, the non-swinging direction is the maximum outer diameter portion 104, and the swinging direction is the arcuate reduced diameter portion 102 or the reduced diameter portion 103 so that the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 is smooth. Will abut.

“Fourth Embodiment”
Next, a reciprocating compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below mainly with reference to FIGS. In addition, the part similar to 1st Embodiment is abbreviate | omitting the description as the same name and the same code | symbol.

  In the fourth embodiment, the shape of the outer peripheral portion of the piston ring 72 is different from that of the first embodiment.

  The outer periphery of the piston ring 72 of the fourth embodiment is closer to one side of the axial end, specifically to the crankshaft 28 side (lower side in FIG. 10B and FIG. 11) than the central side in the axial direction. A reduced diameter portion 107 is provided in the range of the base portion 82 in the axial direction to reduce the diameter so that the diameter on the end side becomes smaller. Further, on the other side of the end portion in the axial direction, specifically, on the side opposite to the crankshaft 28 (upper side in FIGS. 10B and 11), the diameter on the end side is smaller than the center side in the axial direction. The reduced diameter portion 108 that decreases in diameter is provided in the range of the base portion 81 in the axial direction.

  Specifically, the reduced diameter portion 107 on the crankshaft 28 side has a chamfered shape with a flat cross section in the axial direction of the piston ring 72, and the reduced diameter portion 108 on the side opposite to the crankshaft 28 is also the piston ring 72. The cross section in the axial direction has a flat chamfered shape. In the reduced diameter portion 107, the axial length of the piston ring 72 is longer than that of the reduced diameter portion 108, and the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion 107 is smaller than the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion 108.

  The outer periphery of the piston ring 72 excluding these reduced diameter portions 107 and 108 is a maximum outer diameter portion 109 that becomes the maximum outer diameter in the piston ring 72. The maximum outer diameter portion 109 has a flat cross section in the axial direction of the piston ring 72 along the axial direction of the piston ring 72, and a partial range on the base portion 82 side of the base portion 81 in the axial direction and the base portion 82 is formed in a partial range on the base part 81 side. Also in the fourth embodiment, the mating surfaces 81a and 82a of the base portions 81 and 82 are arranged on the maximum outer diameter portion 109 so as to be offset from the axial center of the piston ring 72 to the opposite side of the crankshaft 28. Has been.

  In the fourth embodiment, the piston ring 72 contacts the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 with a flat maximum outer diameter portion 109 along the axial direction of the piston ring 72 over the entire circumference at the bottom dead center and the top dead center. When swinging from this state, the non-swinging direction is the maximum outer diameter portion 109, and the swinging direction is abutting the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at the edge of the maximum outer diameter portion 109. Thus, when the swing angle is maximum, the swinging direction comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at the chamfered reduced diameter portion 107 or the reduced diameter portion 108.

  According to the fourth embodiment, the reduced diameter portions 107 and 108 are provided on both sides of the piston ring 72 in the axial direction, and the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion 107 on the crankshaft 28 side is opposite to the crankshaft 28. Since the diameter of the reduced diameter portion 108 is smaller than the minimum diameter portion 108, the crankshaft 28 side of the abutment portion 84 that receives the pressing load to the cylinder 45 of the piston ring 72 by the compressed gas and the swinging motion is more cylinder than the ring receiver 67. Protruding in the direction of 45 can be prevented. Thereby, stress concentration can be prevented from occurring on the crankshaft 28 side of the joint portion 84 of the piston ring 72, and reliability can be improved.

“Fifth Embodiment”
Next, a reciprocating compressor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described below mainly with reference to FIG. In addition, the part similar to 1st Embodiment is abbreviate | omitting the description as the same name and the same code | symbol.

  In the fifth embodiment, the shape of the outer peripheral portion of the piston ring 72 is different from that of the first embodiment.

  The outer periphery of the piston ring 72 of the fifth embodiment has a diameter on one end of the axial end, specifically, on the crankshaft 28 side (lower side in FIG. 12), and on the end side more than the central side in the axial direction. A reduced diameter portion 111 that is reduced in diameter so as to be smaller is provided in the range of the base portion 82 in the axial direction. Further, the other end of the axial end, specifically, the side opposite to the crankshaft 28 (the upper side in FIG. 12) is contracted so that the diameter on the end is smaller than the central side in the axial direction. The diameter portion 112 is provided in the range of the base portion 81 in the axial direction.

  Specifically, the reduced diameter portion 111 on the crankshaft 28 side has a chamfered shape with a flat cross section in the axial direction of the piston ring 72, and the reduced diameter portion 112 on the opposite side to the crankshaft 28 has the piston diameter 72. The cross section in the axial direction is arc-shaped. In the reduced diameter portion 111, the axial length of the piston ring 72 is longer than that of the reduced diameter portion 112, and the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion 111 is equal to the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion 112.

  The outer periphery of the piston ring 72 excluding these reduced diameter portions 111 and 112 is a maximum outer diameter portion 113 that becomes the maximum outer diameter in the piston ring 72. The maximum outer diameter portion 113 has a flat cross-section in the axial direction of the piston ring 72 along the axial direction of the piston ring 72, and a partial range on the base portion 82 side of the base portion 81 in the axial direction and the base portion 82 is formed in a partial range on the base part 81 side. Also in the fourth embodiment, the mating surfaces 81a and 82a of the base portions 81 and 82 are arranged on the maximum outer diameter portion 109 so as to be offset from the axial center of the piston ring 72 to the opposite side of the crankshaft 28. Has been.

  In the fifth embodiment, the piston ring 72 contacts the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 with a flat maximum outer diameter portion 113 along the axial direction of the piston ring 72 over the entire circumference at the bottom dead center and the top dead center. When it swings from this state, the non-swinging direction is the maximum outer diameter portion 113, and the swinging direction is the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 45 at the end of the reduced diameter portion 112 or the maximum outer diameter portion 113. When the swing angle is maximum, the swinging direction comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylinder 45 at the reduced diameter portion 112 or the chamfered reduced diameter portion 111.

In the first to fifth embodiments described above, the single-cylinder reciprocating compressor 10 has been described as an example, but the present invention can also be applied to a multi-cylinder reciprocating compressor. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, two crank members 29 are attached to the output shaft 24 of the motor 25 with a phase difference of 180 degrees, and the cylinder 45 and the cylinder head 50 are 180 degrees with respect to the output shaft 24. The present invention is also applicable to a horizontally opposed reciprocating compressor in which two sets are provided at different positions and two sets of bearings 64, pistons 63, and piston rings 72 are provided. Further, the present invention may be applied to a reciprocating compressor that performs two-stage compression on a low pressure side and a high pressure side. In this case, the low-pressure side seal structure uses an inexpensive lip ring, and this embodiment is applied only to the high-pressure side seal. You may employ | adopt the piston ring 72 demonstrated by. For example, when the high pressure side is a compression chamber that discharges a compressed fluid of 3 MPa or more, the effect of the present embodiment is exhibited.
The shape of the abutment portion 84 is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be other shapes as long as it has a mating surface extending in the circumferential direction.

In the piston ring provided in the piston of the reciprocating compressor that reciprocates while the piston swings in the cylinder,
It has a joint part and is formed to be able to expand and contract, and a reduced diameter part is provided on either one side or both sides of the outer peripheral axial end part,
The base part is formed at one end and the other end in the axial direction, the base part forming a mating surface by shifting the position in the axial direction and overlapping in the circumferential direction,
The mating surface of each of the base portions is formed at a position of the maximum outer diameter portion and a position offset from the axial center.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Reciprocating compressor 28 Crankshaft 45 Cylinder 63 Piston 65 Connection part 72 Piston ring 76 Ring groove 81,82 Base part 81a, 82a Mating surface 84 Joint part 90,95,96,102,103,107,108,111, 112 Reduced diameter portion 91, 97, 104, 109, 113 Maximum outer diameter portion

Claims (7)

A cylinder,
A piston whose one end side is a connecting portion rotatably connected to the crankshaft, and the other end side reciprocates while swinging in the cylinder; and
A ring groove located on the outer peripheral side of the piston;
In the reciprocating compressor comprising a piston ring mounted in the ring groove for sealing between the piston and the cylinder and having a joint portion and formed to be able to expand and contract,
On the outer periphery of the piston ring, a reduced diameter portion is provided on either one side or both sides of the axial end portion,
The joint portion has a base portion formed respectively at one end and the other end in the circumferential direction of the piston ring forming a mating surface by being displaced in the axial direction of the piston ring and overlapping in the circumferential direction.
The mating surface of each of the base portions is formed at a position of the maximum outer diameter portion excluding the reduced diameter portion of the piston ring and at a position offset from the axial center of the piston ring, and the inner circumference of the cylinder reciprocating compressor which is characterized that you contact with the surface.   2. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein the reduced diameter portion has an arc-shaped cross section in the axial direction of the piston ring.   The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein the reduced diameter portion has a chamfered cross section in the axial direction of the piston ring.   The reciprocating compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the maximum outer diameter portion has a flat cross section in the axial direction of the piston ring.   The reduced diameter portion is provided on both sides in the axial direction of the piston ring, and the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion on the crankshaft side is smaller than the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion on the side opposite to the crankshaft. The reciprocating compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the compressor is a reciprocating compressor.   The said piston ring is rotation-regulated with respect to the said ring groove in the state in which the said joint part was provided in the position where the rocking | fluctuation angle of the said piston is small, The any one of Claim 1 thru | or 5 characterized by the above-mentioned. The reciprocating compressor described in 1. A cylinder,
A piston whose one end side is a connecting portion rotatably connected to the crankshaft, and the other end side reciprocates while swinging in the cylinder; and
A ring groove located on the outer peripheral side of the piston;
In the reciprocating compressor comprising a piston ring mounted in the ring groove for sealing between the piston and the cylinder and having a joint portion and formed to be able to expand and contract,
On the outer periphery of the piston ring, a reduced diameter portion is provided on either one side or both sides of the axial end portion,
The joint portion has a base portion formed respectively at one end and the other end in the circumferential direction of the piston ring forming a mating surface by being displaced in the axial direction of the piston ring and overlapping in the circumferential direction.
The mating surfaces of the respective base portions are formed at the position of the maximum outer diameter portion of the piston ring and at a position offset from the axial center of the piston ring,
The reduced diameter portion is provided on both sides in the axial direction of the piston ring, and the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion on the crankshaft side is smaller than the minimum diameter of the reduced diameter portion on the side opposite to the crankshaft. A reciprocating compressor characterized by that.

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