JP5256007B2 - Armature and axial gap type rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to the armature and relates to an axial gap type rotary electric machine, in particular electrostatic aims to increase torque output density by taking the flux linkage larger armature and axial gap rotary electric machine.

  Conventionally, in order to shorten the outer length dimension of the motor in the rotation axis direction and reduce the thickness, the armature and the stator are formed in a flat plate shape and assembled so as to be opposed to the rotation axis direction of the armature. An axial gap type motor is known.

  In a magnetic circuit member of a rotating electrical machine that rotates in an alternating magnetic field, loss is often caused by an eddy current generated by a magnetic flux alternating with the rotational motion so that a magnetic field that cancels the magnetic flux alternating is generated according to Lenz's law. Are known. For this reason, it is common to take a technique of reducing the loss by laminating the steel plates in a direction that does not make the steel plates perpendicular to the magnetic flux to form a magnetic circuit.

  In the cylindrical radial gap type rotating electrical machine, the magnetic field lines are distributed in a substantially flat shape, whereas in the axial gap type rotating electrical machine, the magnetic field lines are three-dimensionally distributed, and when the steel sheet is laminated, There is a great concern that eddy current loss will occur due to magnetic force components interlinked with the surface. For this reason, various improvements such as a technique using a dust core and a technique relating to the stacking direction of the armature core have been made as countermeasures.

As a technique using a dust core, a technique such as that disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. In this technique, a magnetic flux capturing part 36 that covers at least a part of the end surface of the drive coil 25 on the rotor magnet 33 side is provided as a core 34. And a technique in which the total area of the intake portion 36 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the air core portion 26 is disclosed.
Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which the teeth 24 are formed of a laminated body of the tooth plate 124, and the overlapping surfaces 124 a of the teeth plate 124 are arranged in the circumferential direction.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 06-070476 (Claims 1, 2 and 3) Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2003-047070 (page 8, FIG. 16)

In the case of a technique constituted by laminated steel sheets, as in Patent Document 2, instead of the dust core as in Patent Document 1, the loss generation is reduced by making the direction of the magnetic lines parallel to the steel sheet lamination direction, and the shape of the steel sheet is reduced. By forming an overhang on the surface, there is an advantage that a wide effective gap surface between the magnet and the core can be obtained.
However, there is no extension of the teeth in the radial radiation stacking direction, and it is a technique that cannot be said to effectively obtain the gap area.

An object of the present invention is to provide a armature and axial gap rotary electric machine electrostatic aims to increase torque output density due to increase the flux linkage.
Another object of the present invention is to increase the armature core area facing the magnet in a limited space of the motor and increase the torque output density by increasing the magnetic flux linkage. and to provide a capable the armature and the axial gap rotary electric machine to adjust the loss increase.

The object is achieved, according to the armature of the present invention, the axial gap having an armature core extending in the axial direction, a coil wound around the armature core, and a base for fixing said armature core An armature used in a rotary electric machine, wherein the armature core has an enlarged portion so that a distal end side away from the base side protrudes and widens, and is arranged along a surface of the base. Among the armature cores, at least a core portion located on the end side is longer in the axial direction than the other core portions and is separated from the center side of the armature core. Ri Na has an extending bar which is formed by a substantially right angle bend in the direction, it was wound the coil between the extending between the bar and the base are solved by.

Further, according to the armature of the present invention, the armature core extending in the axial direction, a coil wound around the armature core, the axial gap type and a base for fixing said armature core rotation An armature used in an electric machine, wherein the armature core is composed of a plurality of core blocks, and each core block has an enlarged portion so that a distal end side away from the base side protrudes to expand a width. The core sheet is disposed along the surface of the base to form an integrated core, and of the armature core, the core sheet positioned at least on the end side is longer in the axial direction than the other core sheets. the shape, the substantially right angle is bent in a direction away from the center of the armature core has an extending bar which is formed by Ri Na, the coil between the extending between the bar and the base It is solved by winding .

According to the armature of the present invention, the stacking direction of the core block, can be provided with a large extension bar in the armature core in the radial direction and the circumferential direction in either direction, which in axial gap rotary electric machine When applied, the magnetic flux of the magnet body can be absorbed more efficiently. As described above, the armature of the present invention can be suitably used for an axial gap type rotating electric machine, and further, the armature core area facing the magnet body is enlarged in a limited space of the motor, and the flux linkage is increased. It is possible to increase the torque output density by taking a large value.

At this time, it is preferable that the armature cores are stacked stepwise along the radial direction and the outer peripheral side and the outer peripheral side are bent.
If it does in this way, when it applies to an axial gap type rotary electric machine, it becomes easy to make an outermost periphery into a circular arc according to a circular magnet body.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the core block is formed by stacking a plurality of core sheets and having a smaller shape on the inner periphery. If comprised in this way, it will become easy to form a fan-shaped core with a narrow inner periphery and a wide outer periphery.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the base has a through hole that matches the stepped stacked state of the core block of the armature core, and the stepped core block of the core is press-fitted into the through hole. It is. If comprised in this way, a core and a base will adhere firmly without a space | gap, and when it applies to an axial gap type rotary electric machine, it can prevent that a magnetic resistance arises.

  The extension bar is preferably formed on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side, and the extension bar on the outer peripheral side is preferably provided with slits along the radial direction. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent eddy current loss when applied to an axial gap type rotating electrical machine.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that an insulator is disposed on the core, and that the stepped core is modified to a curved surface by the insulator. By comprising in this way, when forming an armature by winding a coil around an armature core, it becomes possible to wind without damaging the coil.

  Moreover, it can comprise so that the crimp structure which couple | bonds between between the said core sheets may be provided. By comprising in this way, a core sheet | seat can be integrated with a simple structure and manufacture of an armature core becomes easy.

According to the axial gap type rotating electric machine of the present invention, the above-mentioned problem is that an armature core extending in the axial direction is fixed to a base and a coil is wound, and the armature core is opposed to the axial direction. In an axial gap type rotating electrical machine including a magnet body, the armature according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used as the armature.
With this configuration, in the axial gap type rotating electrical machine, the torque output density by increasing the armature core area facing the magnet body and increasing the flux linkage in the limited space of the rotating electrical machine. An increase is obtained. It is also possible to adjust the loss increase due to the flux linkage to the extension bar.

According to the armature and axial gap rotary electric machine of the present invention, the stacking direction of the core block, can be provided with a large extension bar in the armature core in the radial direction and the circumferential direction in either direction, this the when applied to axial gap type rotating electric machine, capable of absorbing the magnetic flux more efficiently magnet body. As a result, the armature of the present invention can be suitably used for an axial gap type rotating electric machine, and further, the armature core area facing the magnet body is enlarged in a limited space of the motor, and the flux linkage is increased. It is possible to increase the torque output density by taking a large value.
Further, the core and the base are fixed without a gap, and it is possible to prevent the magnetic resistance from being generated when applied to an axial gap type rotating electrical machine.

  As described above, in the axial gap type rotating electrical machine, the armature core (core teeth) formed by laminating the steel plates is provided with the extending bar, so that the axial gap type rotating electrical machine is within the limited space of the axial gap type rotating electrical machine. The core area facing the magnet body can be increased.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that members, arrangements, and the like described below do not limit the present invention, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention. In this embodiment, a permanent magnet type motor M using a brush is described as an example of an axial gap type rotating electric machine. However, a permanent magnet type or reluctance type brushless electric motor driven by an inverter in three phases is used. It may be.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view explaining an axial gap type rotating electrical machine, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an armature, FIG. 3 is a perspective view explaining an armature core, FIG. Is a perspective view of the armature core, FIG. 5 is a side view of the armature core, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the armature core, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the insulator, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of the assembly of the armature core and the insulator FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the assembled state of the armature core and the insulator, FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of the winding state in FIG. 9, FIG. 11 is a side view of FIG. 10, and FIG. It is.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the motor M of the present embodiment includes an armature 20, a stator 30, a commutator 40, a brush 50, and the like as main components.
The motor M of the present embodiment is an example of an 8-pole axial gap motor, and is configured so that the outer thickness dimension in the axial direction of the shaft 60 as an output shaft is small, and is thin and flat. It is an outline. That is, in the present embodiment, the outer shapes of the armature 20 and the stator 30 are formed so as to have a substantially disk shape, and these are assembled so as to face each other via a predetermined air gap in the axial direction of the shaft 60. Yes.

  The winding 70 is formed in a thin coil shape by being wound around the outer periphery (side surface as viewed from the axial direction) of the armature core 10. Further, the winding 70 is wound corresponding to the excitation currents of a plurality of phases. For example, the winding 70 is wound by a distributed winding method in which the windings 70 of each phase are wound across the plurality of armature cores 10. Is done. Each phase winding 70 is electrically connected to the commutator 40.

  The motor M of this embodiment is provided with a sensor (not shown) for detecting the position of the armature 20, and the winding 70 is supplied from an external power supply device (not shown) based on the position detection of the armature 20 by this sensor. Is supplied with an exciting current. As a result, a rotating magnetic field for stably rotating the armature 20 is generated.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the stator 30 of the motor M (axial gap type rotating electrical machine) includes a plate-like stator yoke 31 having a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the armature 20, and a plate surface of the stator yoke 31 on the armature 20 side. And a plurality of magnet bodies 32, and a bearing portion 33 disposed in the center of the stator yoke 31. The stator yoke 31 is formed in a substantially disc shape corresponding to the planar shape of the armature 20, and a yoke flange 31 a for fixing the motor M to a predetermined mounting member is radially arranged at a predetermined position on the outer periphery thereof. It is formed to extend outward.

  The magnet body 32 is formed in a thin plate shape and is magnetized so that the magnetic flux is directed in the plate thickness direction. The magnet body 32 is mounted on the plate surface of the stator yoke 31 so as to face the armature, and two types of magnet bodies 32 having different polarities in which the directions of magnetic fluxes are opposite to each other are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. Has been. The magnet body 32 is disposed so as to correspond to the arrangement of the windings 70 on the armature 20 side in a state where the stator 30 and the armature 20 are assembled to the shaft 60. For example, in this embodiment, magnet bodies having different polarities are alternately arranged at positions shifted by 45 degrees, and the number of magnetic poles is eight. The number of magnetic poles corresponds to the number and arrangement of the armature cores 10 on the armature 20 side.

  The magnet body 32 is disposed so as to face the winding 70 on the armature 20 side with a predetermined gap in a state where the stator 30 and the armature 20 are assembled to the shaft 60. The motor M generates an induced electric power by the interaction between the effective magnetic flux exerted from the magnet body 32 to the winding 70 in accordance with the gap and the like, and the rotating magnetic field given by the exciting current flowing through the winding 70, and generates a predetermined electric power. An output torque is obtained.

  The armature 20 of the present embodiment includes an armature core 10, a winding 70 wound around the armature core 10, and a shaft 60 (motor shaft) whose one end is an output shaft of the motor M. . The armature 20 is assembled by a shaft 60 so as to be relatively rotatable, and a commutator 40 disposed so as to rotate integrally with the armature 20 is in sliding contact with the brush 50 on the stator 30 (field body) side. It is configured as follows.

  More specifically, the armature 20 of the present embodiment includes a disk-shaped base 21 and a plurality of armature cores 10 provided on the plate surface of the base 21, as shown in FIGS. And a winding 70 wound around each armature core 10.

  As shown in FIG. 1, eight core arrangement holes 22 are formed in the base 21 in accordance with the number of poles. The core arrangement hole 22 is formed in accordance with the shapes of the armature core 10 and the insulator 80 (described later), and a connecting member 26 (described later) for connecting the armature core 10 in the radial direction of the core arrangement hole 22. A concave portion 23 is formed for disposing the crimped end portion side. Each core arrangement hole 22 is formed with a slit 24.

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of armature cores 10 are radially arranged on the plate surface of the base 21 with the shaft 60 as the center, and each armature core 10 has a wedge-shaped tip side facing radially inward. Are press-fitted to the base 21.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the plurality of armature cores 10 according to the present embodiment are composed of a plurality of core blocks 11 to 17, and each core block 11 to 17 includes one or a plurality of steel plates. It is formed by laminating core sheets made of And in each core block 11-17, the front end side away from the base 21 side is formed as expansion parts 11b-17b so that it may protrude and may expand width (circumferential direction).

  That is, each of the core blocks 11 to 17 includes a lower side 11a to 17a around which the winding 70 is wound and an enlarged portion 11b to an upper surface side (a surface opposite to the base 21 when disposed on the base 21). A substantially T-shaped shape composed of 17b is formed. And the through-holes 11f-17f are formed in the lower sides 11a-17a of each core block 11-17, respectively. The core sheet is formed according to the size and shape of each of the core blocks 11-17.

  Moreover, the core sheet is formed using the thing from which the magnitude | size differs for each core block 11-17 according to the magnitude | size and shape of each core block 11-17. That is, each of the core blocks 11 to 17 has a plurality of core sheets laminated and laminated, and the core block on the inner peripheral side has a smaller shape and is a fan-like core. And it is arrange | positioned along the surface of the base 21 as an integrated core. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the core blocks 11 to 17 are connected by inserting the connecting members 26 into the through holes 11 f to 17 f of the core blocks 11 to 17 and caulking both ends of the connecting members 26. It is formed integrally. Both sides of the connecting member 26 are configured to be located in the concave portion 23 of the base 21 described above.

  Each of the core blocks 11 to 17 is stacked stepwise along the radial direction, and extended bars 11e and 17e are formed on the inner peripheral core block 11 and the outer peripheral core block 17, respectively. Yes. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the extension bars 11 e and 17 e are formed such that the core sheet forming the core blocks 11 and 17 is more axial (base 21 than the core sheet forming the other core blocks). When the core blocks 11 to 17 are joined and integrated to form the armature core 10, the core sheet is formed at a substantially right angle in the direction away from the center side. It is formed by bending.

  The extension bars 11e and 17e are formed by bending a core sheet, which is a steel plate, forming folding allowance cutout portions 11g and 17g when bent, and bent at the cutout portions 11g and 17g. By using the extending bars 11e and 17e, the effective magnetic gap surface of the core with respect to the outer diameter of the motor can be effectively used.

  The extension bars 11e and 17e are formed as inner and outer core blocks 11 and 17, but the outer bar 17e of the outer core block 17 has an arcuate shape 17d on the outer side. The slits 17c (three in this embodiment) are provided along the radial direction. The slits 17c are for suppressing an increase in loss due to magnetic flux linkage. In this embodiment, the number of slits 17c is three, but by providing one or more, it is possible to suppress an increase in loss due to magnetic flux linkage. .

In this embodiment, the inner peripheral core block 11 and the outer peripheral core block 17 are formed from a single core sheet, but may be formed from a plurality of core sheets.
Each of the core blocks 11 to 17 is formed by laminating the respective core sheets, but is formed as a caulking structure (not shown) that couples the core sheets to each other. Also, the core blocks 11 to 17 may be connected to each other with a caulking structure that connects the core blocks 11 to 17 together.

A winding 70 is wound around the armature core 10, and an insulator 80 is disposed in the armature core 10, and the stepped armature core 10 is corrected to a curved surface by the insulator 80.
That is, the insulator 80 according to the present embodiment includes the first winding restricting portion 81, the second winding restricting portion 82, the through hole 83, and the connecting portion 84, as shown in FIGS.
The first winding restricting portion 81 is formed with a supporting surface 81a on the lower surface of the enlarged portions 11b to 17b of the armature core 10 and a supporting surface 81b that comes into contact with the lower surfaces of the extension bars 11e and 17e. It has the same shape as the outer shape of the enlarged portions 11b to 17b of the armature core.

  Further, the second winding restricting portion 82 is formed with a restricting surface 82 a for restricting the winding 70 with a predetermined interval from the first winding restricting portion 81. The outer peripheral side shape of the regulating surface 82a on the extending bar 17e side (outer peripheral side) is substantially the same as that of the first winding regulating unit 81, but the extending bar 11e side (inner peripheral side) of the regulating surface 82a. And the side surface side which continues to each core block 11-17 is formed larger than the 1st coil | winding control part 81. FIG. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 2, when each armature core 10 is assembled with a gap, it can be arranged on the base 21 of the armature 20 without leaving a gap.

  The connecting portion 84 connects the first winding restricting portion 81 and the second winding restricting portion 82 and covers the lower sides 11 a to 17 a of the core blocks 11 to 17 of the armature core 10. is there. And the inside of this connection part 84 is the through-hole 83, and as shown in FIG.8 and FIG.8, the lower side 11a-17a of the armature core 10 united to the through-hole 83 is fitted. It is supposed to be. The winding 70 is wound between the extension bars 11 e and 17 e and the base 21 via an insulator 80.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the enlarged part of each core block 11-17 is made into the enlarged part of the circumferential direction, it can also be made into the enlarged part of radial direction. That is, the stacking direction of the core blocks 11 to 17 is not the radial direction but the circumferential direction, and the core blocks corresponding to the outer peripheral side core block 11 and the outer peripheral side core block 17 are disposed in the radial direction. In this case, a core sheet having an enlarged portion and expanding from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side is used.

It is a perspective view explaining an axial gap type rotating electrical machine. It is a perspective view of an armature. It is a perspective view explaining an armature core. It is a perspective view of an armature core. It is a side view of an armature core. It is a top view of an armature core. It is a perspective view of an insulator. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly | attachment of an armature core and an insulator. It is a perspective view of the assembly state of an armature core and an insulator. It is explanatory drawing of the state which wound in FIG. It is a side view of FIG. It is sectional explanatory drawing of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Armature core, 11-17 ... Core block, 11a-17a ... Lower side, 11b-17b ... Enlarged part, 17c ... Slit, 17d ... Arc shape, 11e, 17e ... Extension bar, 11f-17f ... Through-hole , 11g, 17g ... Folding notch, 20 ... Armature, 21 ... Base, 22 ... Core placement hole, 23 ... Recess, 24 ... Slit, 26 ... Connecting member, 30 ... Stator, 31 ... Stator yoke, 31a ... Yoke flange, 32 .. Magnet body, 33. Bearing part, 40. Commutator, 50. Brush, 60. Shaft, 70. Winding, 80 Insulator, 81a, 81b. Support surface, 81. , 82, second winding restricting portion, 82 a, restricting surface, 83, through hole, 84, connecting portion, motor M

Claims (9)

An armature used in an axial gap type rotating electric machine including an armature core extending in an axial direction, a coil wound around the armature core, and a base for fixing the armature core,
The armature core has an enlarged portion so that a distal end side away from the base side protrudes and expands the width, and is arranged along the surface of the base,
Among the armature cores, at least a core portion located on the end side has a shape that is longer in the axial direction than the other core portions, and is bent at a substantially right angle in a direction away from the center side of the armature core. Ri Na has an extending bar which is formed Te,
Armature, characterized in that the coil was wound between the extending between the bar and the base. An armature used in an axial gap type rotating electric machine including an armature core extending in an axial direction, a coil wound around the armature core, and a base for fixing the armature core,
The armature core includes a plurality of core blocks, and each core block has an enlarged portion so that a distal end side away from the base side protrudes and expands the width, and is arranged along the surface of the base. Set up as an integrated core,
Among the armature cores, at least the core sheet positioned on the end side has a shape that is longer in the axial direction than the other core sheets, and is bent substantially perpendicularly in a direction away from the center side of the armature core. Ri na have formed extending bars,
Armature, characterized in that the coil was wound between the extending between the bar and the base. The armature core is laminated stepwise along the radial direction, the outer peripheral side and outer peripheral side claim 1 or 2 armature according to, characterized in that bent. It said core block by laminating combined multiple core sheets, the inner circumference as the armature according to claim 2, characterized in that as a small shape. The base is formed with a through hole that matches the stepped stacked state of the core block of the armature core, and is formed by press-fitting the stepped core block of the core into the through hole. claim 2 or 4 armatures wherein. The extending bar is formed on the inner peripheral side and outer peripheral side, on the outer circumferential side of the extending bar, the armature according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that provided slit along the radial direction . Wherein the armature core, the insulator is disposed, by the insulator, according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the armature is characterized by being obtained by modifying the stepped armature core surface. Armature according to any one of claims 2, 3 and 4 between the core sheet, characterized in that it comprises a crimping structure for coupling between each other. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine comprising: an armature formed by fixing an armature core extending in an axial direction to a base and winding a coil; and a magnet body facing the armature core in the axial direction. as an armature, the axial gap rotary electric machine characterized by using an armature according to any one of the 請 Motomeko 1 to 8.

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