JP5139626B2 - モノクローナル抗体hPAM4 - Google Patents
モノクローナル抗体hPAM4 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5139626B2 JP5139626B2 JP2004513326A JP2004513326A JP5139626B2 JP 5139626 B2 JP5139626 B2 JP 5139626B2 JP 2004513326 A JP2004513326 A JP 2004513326A JP 2004513326 A JP2004513326 A JP 2004513326A JP 5139626 B2 JP5139626 B2 JP 5139626B2
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Description
本発明は一価および多価の単一特異性抗体、ならびに多価多重特異性抗体に関する。詳しくは、本発明は、PAM4と呼ばれる、MUCI抗原特異的抗体に関する。本発明はさらにヒト化およびヒトPAM4抗体ならびにそのフラグメント、ならびに診断および治療におけるこのような抗体およびそのフラグメントの使用に関する。
膵臓は体がグルコースをエネルギーに変換するのを助けるインスリンと、体が食物を消化するのを助ける酵素を産生する。膵臓癌は、主として膵管の細胞に起こる膵臓の悪性増殖である。この疾病は9番目に多い癌の形態であるが、男性および女性での癌での主要な死因のそれぞれ4番目および5番目である。膵臓の癌はほぼ常に死に至り、5年後の生存率は3%に満たない。
(a)本明細書に記載の抗体のいずれか一つのPAM4抗体またはそのフラグメント;
(b)(a)に記載の少なくとも二種のMAbまたはそのフラグメントを含んでなる抗体融合タンパク質またはそのフラグメント;
(c)本発明のPAM4抗体またはそのフラグメントの該MAbまたはそのフラグメントを含んでなる少なくとも一種の第一のPAM4 MAbまたはそのフラグメントと、本発明の抗体またはそのフラグメントのいずれか一つのMAbまたはそのフラグメント以外の、少なくとも一種の第二のMAbまたはそのフラグメントを含んでなる抗体融合タンパク質またはそのフラグメント;ならびに
(d)本発明の抗体またはそのフラグメントのいずれか一つの該MAbまたはそのフラグメントを含んでなる少なくとも一種の第一のMAbまたはそのフラグメントと、本発明の抗体またはそのフラグメントのいずれか一つのMAbまたはそのフラグメント以外の、少なくとも一種の第二のMAbまたはそのフラグメントを含んでなり、該第二のMAbが癌関連抗体である、抗体融合タンパク質またはそのフラグメント
からなる群から選択されるMAbまたはそのフラグメントをコードする核酸を含んでなるDNA配列である。好ましくは、この癌関連抗体は、CA19.9、DUPAN2、SPAN1、Nd2、B72.3、CC49、CEA、aLea、Lewis抗原Le(y)により定義される抗体、CD40に対する抗体、脈管形成因子(例えば、VEGF)、癌遺伝子の産物、MUC1、MUC−2、MUC−3、MUC−4、TAG−72、EGFR、インスリン様増殖因子(IGF)、血小板由来増殖因子、テネイシン、IL−6、およびHER2/neuからなる群から選択される。
を含んでなる方法である。
を含んでなる方法が意図される。
特に断りのない限り、単数形表現の名詞は複数形の場合も意味する。本明細書において「PAM4抗体」は、マウス、ヒト、およびヒト化PAM4抗体を含む。
本発明は膵臓癌の診断、検出、ステージ判定、および治療に有用なモノクローナル抗体PAM4に関する。好ましくは、本発明のPAM4抗体およびそのフラグメントはヒト化されているか、または完全ヒト型である。マウスPAM4(mPAM4)抗体は、異種移植されたRIP−1ヒト膵臓癌腫に由来する膵臓癌ムチンを免疫原として用いることにより開発されたMUC1抗体である。Gold et al., Int. J Cancer, 57:204-210 (1994).このmPAM4抗体は標的膵臓癌抗原上の独特かつ新規なエピトープを認識する。実施例1に記載されているものなどの免疫組織化学染色研究では、PAM4 MAbが、乳癌、膵臓癌およびその他の癌細胞によって発現されたMUC1抗原のアミノ末端とリピートドメインの開始部の間に位置するドメインに結合し、正常なヒト組織には結合が制限されることが示されている。本発明のPAM4抗体は相対的に膵臓癌に特異的であることから、膵臓癌細胞と優先的に結合する。ある好ましい態様では、PAM4抗体およびそのフラグメントはヒト化されている。PAM4抗体は標的エピトープと反応性があり、迅速にインターナライズされ得る。このエピトープは主として膵臓癌に関連する抗原により発現され、巣状膵炎に関連する抗原では発現されない。動物モデルにおいて放射性標識PAM4 MAbを用いた限局化および治療研究では、腫瘍ターゲッティングおよび治療効果が示されている。
以下の説明において、多数の専門用語が使用されており、以下、本発明の理解を容易にするために定義を示す。
特定の抗原に対するモノクローナル抗体は当業者に公知の方法により得ることができる。例えば、Kohler and Milstein, Nature 256:495(1975)、およびColigan et al.(eds.), CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN IMMUNOLOGY, VOL. 1, pages 2.5. 1-2.6.7(John Wiley & Sons 1991)[以下「Coligan」]を参照。要するに、PAM4 MAbは、マウスにPAM4抗原を含む組成物を注射し、血清サンプルを採取して抗体産生の存在を確認し、脾臓を摘出してBリンパ球を採取し、そのBリンパ球と骨髄腫細胞を融合させてハイブリドーマを作製し、そのハイブリドーマをクローニングし、PAM4抗原に対する抗体を産生する陽性クローンを選択し、PAM4抗原に対する抗体を産生するクローンを培養し、PAM4抗体をハイブリドーマ培養物から単離することにより得ることができる。本発明のPAM4抗体はPAM4抗原、すなわち、MUC1のアミノ末端とリピートドメインの開始部の間に位置するドメインと結合する。本発明のPAM4抗体は膵臓癌細胞と優先的に結合する。
本発明はPAM4抗体フラグメントの使用を意図する。特定のエピトープを認識する抗体フラグメントは、公知の技術により作製し得る。抗体フラグメントは、F(ab')2、Fab'、Fab、Fv、sFvなどの抗体の抗原結合部分である。例えば、F(ab)'2フラグメントは、抗体分子のペプシン消化により作製でき、Fab'フラグメントは、F(ab')2フラグメントのジスルフィド結合を還元することにより作製できる。これらの方法は、例えば、Goldenbergの米国特許第4,036,945号および同第4,331,647号、ならびにそこに含まれている参照文献により記載されており、これらの特許はその全開示内容を引用することにより本発明の一部とされる。また、Nisonoff et al., Arch Biochem. Biophys. 89: 230 (1960); Porter, Biochem. J. 73: 119 (1959), Edelman et al., in METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY VOL. 1, page 422 (Academic Press 1967)、およびColigan at pages 2.8.1-2.8.10および2.10.-2.10.4も参照。あるいは、所望の特異性を有するモノクローナルFab’フラグメントの迅速で容易な同定を可能にするには、Fab’発現ライブラリーを構築することができる(Huse et al., 1989, Science, 246:1274-1281)。本発明は抗体および抗体フラグメントを包含する。
本発明の抗体融合タンパク質は、官能基間のグルタルアルデヒド結合からより特異的な結合まで、種々の常法により調製することができる。本明細書に記載の融合タンパク質を含んでなる抗体および/または抗体フラグメントは好ましくは、別のものに直接共有結合させるか、リンカー部分を介して、または例えばアミン、カルボキシル、フェニル、チオールもしくはヒドロキシル基など、抗体またはフラグメント上の一以上の官能基を介して共有結合させる。グルタルアルデヒドの他、例えばジイソシアネート、ジイソチオシアネート、ビス(ヒドロキシスクシンイミド)エステル、カルボジイミド、マレイミドヒドロキシスクシンイミドエステルなどの種々の通常のリンカーを使用できる。
質の作製方法は、米国特許第5,837,242号(1998)、同第5,844,094号(1998)およびWO98/44001(1998)で開示されている。多価単一特異性抗体融合タンパク質は、同じ抗原上または別の抗原上に存在し得る二以上の同種のエピトープと結合する。価数の増加にはさらなる相互作用、親和性の増強、および滞留時間の延長が見込まれる。これらの抗体融合タンパク質はダイレクト・ターゲッティング系で使用することができ、ここでは抗体融合タンパク質が治療薬、診断/検出薬、またはそれらの組み合わせに結合され、それを必要とする患者に直接投与される。
発現ベクターは、宿主細胞中で発現される遺伝子を含んでなるDNA分子である。通常、遺伝子発現は構成または誘導プロモーター、組織特異的調節エレメントおよびエンハンサーをはじめとする特定の調節エレメントの制御下に置かれる。このような遺伝子は調節エレメントに「作動可能なように連結されている」といわれる。プロモーターは構造遺伝子の転写を指令するDNA配列である。構造遺伝子はメッセンジャーRNA(mRNA)へと転写されるDNA配列であり、これは次に特定のポリペプチドに特徴的なアミノ酸配列へと翻訳される。典型的には、プロモーターは構造遺伝子の転写開始部位に隣接して遺伝子の5’領域に置かれる。プロモーターが誘導プロモーターであれば、誘導因子に応答して転写速度が高まる。これに対し、プロモーターが構成プロモーターであれば、転写速度は誘導因子によって調節を受けない。エンハンサーは転写の開始部位に対してエンハンサーの距離または方向に関係なく、転写効率を高め得るDNA調節エレメントである。
本発明では、被験体の悪性腫瘍を診断または治療する方法であって、該被験体に、PAM4 MAbもしくはそのフラグメント、または抗体融合タンパク質もしくはそのフラグメントを含んでなる、治療上有効量の治療用複合体を投与することを含んでなる方法が意図され、ここでは、PAM4 MAbもしくはそのフラグメント、または抗体融合タンパク質もしくはそのフラグメントは少なくとも一種の診断薬および/または治療薬と結合され、医薬上好適な賦形剤中に調剤されている。また、癌を診断または治療する方法であって、PAM4抗原に対する一以上の抗原結合部位および一以上のハプテン結合部位を含んでなる多価多重特異性抗体またはそのフラグメントを、それを必要とする被験体に投与すること、一定量の非抗体が被験体の血流からクリアリングされるに十分な時間待つこと、および該被験体に、その多価多重特異性抗体またはそのフラグメントの結合部位と結合する診断/検出薬、治療薬またはそれらの組み合わせを含んでなる担体分子を投与することを含んでなる方法が好ましい。ある好ましい態様では、癌は膵臓癌である。もう一つの態様では、抗体は多価多重特異性抗体またはそのフラグメントである。
治療上有効量の裸のヒト化および完全ヒトPAM4抗体もしくはそれらのフラグメント、またはPAM4融合タンパク質もしくはそのフラグメントは、医薬上許容される賦形剤中に調剤することができる。また、裸のヒト化および完全ヒトPAM4抗体およびそれらのフラグメントの効力は、これらの裸の抗体を、一以上の他の裸の抗体、あるいは薬物、毒素、免疫調節剤、ホルモン、オリゴヌクレオチド、ホルモンアンタゴニスト、酵素、酵素阻害剤、治療用放射性核種、脈管形成阻害剤などをはじめとする一以上の治療薬と結合され、PAM4抗体またはそのフラグメントと同時に、または逐次に、または指示された投与計画に従って投与される、ヒト化および完全ヒトPAM4抗体の一以上の免疫複合体で補うことにより増強することもできる。裸のPAM4抗体およびそのフラグメントを補い得る裸の抗体は同じ腫瘍種に向けられたものでもよいし、あるいは、選択された裸の抗体の抗腫瘍作用を増強すべく補充することができる免疫調節細胞(例えば、CD40+細胞)に対して向けられたものでもよい。
本発明はまた、治療または診断のため、少なくとも一種の治療薬および/または診断/検出薬に結合されたヒト化およびヒトPAM4抗体ならびにそのフラグメントの使用を意図する。免疫療法では、その目的は、非標的組織への暴露を最小限にしつつ、細胞傷害量の放射活性、毒素、または薬物を標的細胞へ送達することである。本発明のPAM4抗体は、膵臓腫瘍の診断および治療に使用できる。
本発明は生体サンプルをPAM4抗原の存在に関してin vitroスクリーニングするための、PAM4抗体(PAM4融合タンパク質およびそのフラグメントを含む)の使用を意図する。このような免疫アッセイでは、PAM4抗体、融合タンパク質またはそのフラグメントは以下に記載されるように、液相で用いてもよいし、固相担体に結合させてもよい。ある好ましい態様では、PAM4抗体またはそのフラグメントはヒト化されている。また、好ましくは、PAM4抗体またはそのフラグメントは完全ヒト型である。さらに好ましくは、PAM4融合タンパク質はヒト化または完全ヒトPAM4抗体を含んでなる。
本発明はまた、in vivo診断のためのPAM4抗体の使用も意図する。放射性標識MAbを用いた診断イメージングの方法は周知である。イムノシンチグラフィー技術では、例えば抗体をγ線放出放射性同位元素で標識し、患者へ導入する。γ線を放出する放射性同位元素の位置および分布を検出するにはガンマカメラを用いる。例えば、Srivastava (ed.), RADIOLABELED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES FOR IMAGING AND THERAPY (Plenum Press 1988), Chase, "Medical Applications of Radioisotopes," in REMINGTON'S PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, 18th Edition, Gennaro et al. (eds.), pp. 624-652 (Mack Publishing Co., 1990)、およびBrown, "Clinical Use of Monoclonal Antibodies," in BIOTECHNOLOGY AND PHARMACY 227-49, Pezzuto et al. (eds.) (Chapman & Hall 1993)参照。
治療適用においてPAM4抗体の作用期間を制御するためにさらなる薬学的方法を用いてもよい。徐放性製剤はPAM4抗体、融合タンパク質またはそのフラグメントと複合体形成するか、それらを吸着するポリマーの使用を通じて調製することができる。例えば、生体適合性ポリマーとしては、ポリ(エチレン−co−酢酸ビニル)マトリックスおよびステラリン酸二量体とセバシン酸の無水共重合体マトリックスが挙げられる。Sherwood et al., Bio/Technology 10: 1446 (1992)。このようなマトリックスからのPAM4抗体、融合タンパク質またはそのフラグメントの放出速度はPAM4抗体、融合タンパク質またはそのフラグメントの分子量、マトリックス内のPAM4抗体の量、および分散している粒子の大きさによって異なる。Saltzman et al., Biophys. J. 55: 163 (1989); Sherwood et al.,前掲。その他の固相投与形はAnsel et al., PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS AND DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS, 5th Edition (Lea & Febiger 1990)、およびGennaro (ed.), REMINGTON'S PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, 18th Edition (Mack Publishing Company 1990)およびそれらの改訂版(1990)に記載されている。
正常成体組織に対する免疫組織化学によれば、PAM4反応性エピトープが胃腸管に制限され、染色は弱かったが、明らかに陽性であることを示した(表1)。膵管、細導管、腺房および島細胞を含む正常な膵臓組織は染色は陰性であった。抗原として組織ホモジネートを用いたPAM4に基づく酵素免疫アッセイは全般的に免疫組織化学データを支持した(表2)。PAM4エピトープは正常な膵臓およびその他の非胃腸管組織には存在しなかった。腫瘍組織では、PAM4は25のうち21の膵臓癌(85%)と反応性があった(表3)。PAM4反応性は腫瘍同定のステージと相関しているようであった。例えば、よく分化した膵臓腫瘍およびある程度分化した膵臓腫瘍21のうち20が陽性であり、一方、分化の不十分な腫瘍では4つのうち1つだけが陽性であった。一般に、分化の不十分な腫瘍は総ての膵臓癌の10%に満たない。
これらの研究により、PAM4反応性および組織分布(正常なものと癌の双方)は、CAl9.9、DUPAN2、SPAN1、Nd2、B72.3、およびLewis抗原に関して報告されているものとは異なることが示された。これらのMAbのあるもので行った交差遮断研究と考え合わせると、そのデータはPAM4 MAbは独特かつ新規なエピトープを認識することを示唆する。CA19.9、DUPAN2、およびaLeaと比べた場合、PAM4はその組織分布により制限があるものと思われ、高いパーセンテージの膵臓腫瘍と反応性がある。さらに、同じ濃度でも反応全体の強度が大きく、腫瘍内の高いパーセンテージの細胞と反応性がある。最後に、PAM4は、慢性膵炎検体12のうち3と弱い反応性を示すに過ぎず、一方、CA19.9およびDUPAN2は12総ての検体と強い反応性を示した。特異性は用いるアッセイのタイプおよび試験する組織の範囲および数、正常膵臓組織と腫瘍膵臓組織を識別するPAM4の能力によって異なることが認識されるが、は臨床適用の発展的検討を行うためには、癌検体の大きなパーセンテージと反応するその能力ならびに高い反応強度が重要な原理であった。
PAM4の最初の生体分布研究は、予測される分化の範囲にわたる、一連の4種の異なる異種移植ヒト膵臓腫瘍において行った。用いた4つの腫瘍系統AsPc1、BxPc3、Hs766TおよびCaPan1は、腫瘍内に131I−PAM4の濃縮を示し(範囲は3日目で21%〜48%ID/g)、同時に投与された非特異的なイソタイプ合致Ag8抗体(範囲は3日目で3.6%〜9.3%ID/g)よりも有意に高かった(p<0.01〜0.001)。この生体分布データを用いて、AsPc1、BxPc3、Hs766TおよびCaPan1それぞれに注射量12,230;10,684;6,835;および15,843cGy/mCiの腫瘍に対する潜在的線量を見積もった。実際の最大許容量(MTD)0.7mCiでは、PAM4は異種移植腫瘍モデルの各々に実質的な線量をもたらすことができた。各腫瘍系統において、放射性標識PAM4の血液レベルは非特異的Ag8よりも有意に低かった(p<0.01〜0.001)。PAM4からの血液への潜在線量はAg8のものより1.4〜4.4倍低かった。PAM4からの腫瘍への線量をPAM4から血液への線量に対してノーマライズしたところ、腫瘍が受け取った線量は2.2;3.3;3.4であり、それぞれ血液よりも13.1倍高かった。重要なことに、非腫瘍組織に対する潜在線量は最小であった。
動物モデルにおける膵臓癌の臨床像をさらに近似させるため、出願者らは膵臓のヘッドに直接腫瘍細胞を注入することにより正所モデルを開発した。正所CaPan1腫瘍は、腹水が貯留し、10〜14週間で死に至るまでは明らかな徴候なく次第に成長した。移植後3〜4週間で、動物は触知可能な約0.2gの腫瘍を発達させた。成長8週間以内に約1.2gの一次腫瘍が、肝臓および脾臓への転移を伴って見られた(転移腫瘍1〜3個/動物;各腫瘍<0.1g)。10〜14週間で腹水の貯留を伴う横隔膜のシーディング(seeding)が明らかになった。通常、腹水の形成および副次的な黄疸が腫瘍成長の最初の明らかな徴候であった。腹水は腹腔内における体液の蓄積であり、黄疸は血中の過剰な胆汁色素による皮膚および眼の黄化である。この時点で腫瘍は1〜2gとかなり大きくなり、動物は死に至るまで長くて3〜4週間でしかなかった。
発明者らは、ウサギポリクローナル抗膵臓ムチン由来非標識精製IgGとともにPAM4をキャプチャー試薬として用い、次いで検出試薬としてペルオキシダーゼ標識ロバ抗ウサギIgGを用いる酵素免疫アッセイを開発した。このアッセイの使用から次のような結果が得られた。
治療用131I−PAM4の使用に関する最初の試験は、無胸腺マウスで皮下異種移植片として成長させたCaPan1腫瘍を用いて行った。同等量の非特異的Ag8の治療効果とも比較する試験において、0.25gの腫瘍を担持する動物に350μCiの131I−PAM4を投与した。1cm3の腫瘍を担持する動物への131I−PAM4の投与のMTDは700μCiである。5週間目よ6週間目で、PAM4処置した動物は劇的な腫瘍退縮を示し、27週間でも8個体のうち5個体で腫瘍のないままであった。無処置ならびにAg8処置動物は、腫瘍成長の急速な進行を示し、この二つの対照群の間で有意な差は見られなかった。7週間で、無処置群の腫瘍は最初の時点の20.0±14.6倍成長したが、131I−Ag8処置腫瘍は4.9±1.8倍しか成長しなかった。この時点で、PAM4腫瘍はもとの大きさの0.1±0.1倍に退縮し、無処置(p<0.001)および非特異的Ag8処置(p<0.01)動物の双方の間に有意差があった。
ゲムシタビン(ジェムザール)と131I−PAM4放射免疫療法の併用の最初の試験はチェッカーボードアレイとして行い、ジェムザール一回量(0、100、200、500mg/kg)に対して131I−PAM4一回量([MTD=700μCi]MTDの100%、75%、50%、0%)とした。組み合わせのMTDは500mg/kgジェムザールと350μCi 131I−PAM4(50%MTD)であることが分かった。毒性は、最大値を無毒として体重減少により測定するが、体重の20%の減少とする。組み合わせ処置プロトコールはジェムザール単独よりも有意に効果が高かったが、放射免疫療法単独より効果が高いいとは言えなかった。次の試験は、真の相乗的治療効果が見られるかどうかを調べるため、低容量のジェムザールと放射免疫療法で行った。約1cm3(体重の約5%)の腫瘍を担持する動物に、0、3、6、9および12日目にジェムザール100mg/kgを投与し、0日目に100μCiの131I−PAM4を施与した。治療効果が見られ、統計学的に有意(p<0.0001)な退縮(5個のうち2個の腫瘍が0.1cm3未満)および/またはジェムザール単独と比べて腫瘍の成長阻害を伴っていた。さらに注目すべきは、体重の点で、毒性が見られなかったことである。この組み合わせ処置プロトコールは、必要であれば、上記の放射免疫療法単独試験で行ったように、4週目に二回目の処置をはじめ、複数回施与することができる。
本発明の好ましい態様は、膵臓癌ムチンから惹起されたマウスPAM4のヒト化IgGであるモノクローナルMAb hPAM4を用いる。マウスPAM4配列のヒト化は、患者が受けるヒト抗マウス抗体応答を軽減するために用いる。ヒトPAM4を生産するため、マウス免疫グロブリンのの重鎖および軽鎖可変鎖(V)からマウス相補性決定領域(CDR)をヒトVドメインへ移した後、フレームワーク領域のいくつかのヒト残基をマウスの対応物で置換する。本発明のヒト化モノクローナル抗体はin vitroおよびin vivo診断および治療法で用いるのに好適である。
広範な手術不能膵臓腺癌、実質的な体重減少(30ポンドを超える)、嗜眠および虚弱を伴う56歳の男性に90Y−PAM4放射性標識ヒト化抗体を30mCiの90−Yの用量で、および50mgの抗体タンパク質を2時間静脈点滴で投与した。5日後、次に患者にゲムシタビン化学療法の標準的なコースを施与した。数ヶ月後、療法による副作用の形跡がなければ、この治療計画を繰り返す。追跡検査中、数ヶ月後、患者は活動的になり、体重減少も遅くなるものと推測された。膵臓のCTスキャンは、安定疾病または腫瘍塊の若干の減少を示唆するものと思われた。数ヶ月後に検査を繰り返すと、コンピューター断層撮影法により、腫瘍重の実質的減少を示すはずであり、従って、患者に対し、膵臓腫瘍塊の切除を考慮し得る。
プレターゲッティングアプローチを用いた膵臓癌のイメージングに関して、発明者らは、キメラPAM4(cPAM4)Fab’およびマウス734(m734)Fab’からなる二重特異性F(ab’)2抗体(bsMAb)を調製した。m734抗体はIn−DTPA複合体を認識する。このbsMAbを125Iで標識し、ヒト膵臓癌異種移植片(CaPan1)を担持する無胸腺ヌードマウスに注射した(7μCi;15μg)。キメラリツキシマブ(抗CD20モノクローナル抗体)およびm734から作製した非ターゲッティングF(ab’)2抗体bsMAbを131Iで標識し、対照として同時注射した。種々の時点(注射後4、24、36、48および72時間後)でマウスを解剖し、組織を摘出し、計数してグラム当たりの注入量%(%ID/g)を求めた。対照bsリツキシマブに比べて、各時点でのbsPAM4の腫瘍取り込み量は有意に高かった(p<0.032より良好)。このタイプのプレターゲッティング系を用いた発明者らのこれまでの実験から、良好な腫瘍:非腫瘍比を得るには1%ID/g未満の血液レベルが必要であることが示唆された。bsPAM4の投与後36時間では、血中1.10±0.40%ID/gであったが、注射後48時間では0.56±0.08%ID/gまで下がった。これら二つの時点での腫瘍取り込みはそれぞれ6.43±1.50%ID/gおよび5.37±2.38%ID/gであった。これらの値は、36時間および48時間の時点でそれぞれ腫瘍中0.65±0.33%ID/gおよび0.47±0.19%ID/g(p<0.018およびp<0.0098)であった対照bsリツキシマブよりも有意に高かった。しかし、血液クリアランス速度はまさに同等で、有意な差はなかった。
Claims (29)
- 配列番号19で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域および配列番号16で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域を含むヒト化抗体またはそのフラグメント。
- 請求項1に記載のヒト化抗体またはそのフラグメントを含んでなる抗体成分を含んでなり、該抗体成分が少なくとも一種の診断薬および/または治療薬に結合されている、癌細胞をターゲッティングする診断または治療複合体。
- 診断/検出薬が、放射性核種、造影剤、および光活性診断/検出薬からなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載の診断複合体。
- 診断/検出薬が放射性核種である、請求項3に記載の診断複合体。
- 診断/検出薬が放射線造影剤である、請求項3に記載の診断複合体。
- 造影剤が常磁性イオンまたは超音波増強剤である、請求項5に記載の診断複合体。
- 造影剤が、ヨウ素化合物、バリウム化合物、ガリウム化合物およびタリウム化合物からなる群から選択される放射線不透過性物質である、請求項5に記載の診断複合体。
- 複合体が手術中腫瘍診断、内視鏡的腫瘍診断、または血管内腫瘍診断に用いられる、請求項3に記載の診断複合体。
- 治療薬が、放射性核種、免疫調節剤、ホルモン、ホルモンアンタゴニスト、オリゴヌクレオチド、酵素、酵素阻害剤、光活性治療薬、細胞傷害剤、脈管形成阻害剤、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載の治療複合体。
- オリゴヌクレオチドが、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドである、請求項9に記載の治療複合体。
- 治療薬が細胞傷害剤である、請求項9に記載の治療複合体。
- 細胞傷害剤が、薬物または毒素である、請求項11に記載の治療複合体。
- 免疫調節剤が、サイトカイン、幹細胞増殖因子、リンホトキシン、造血因子、コロニー刺激因子(CSF)、インターフェロン(IFN)、幹細胞増殖因子、エリスロポエチン、トロンボポエチン、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項9に記載の治療複合体。
- 治療薬が酵素である、請求項9に記載の治療複合体。
- 請求項1に記載のヒト化抗体またはそのフラグメントを含んでなる、多価多重特異性抗体またはそのフラグメント。
- 多価多重特異性抗体またはそのフラグメントが、ハプテン分子に対して親和性を有する一以上のハプテン結合部位をさらに含んでなる、請求項15に記載の抗体またはそのフラグメント。
- 診断薬または治療薬をさらに含んでなる、請求項15または16に記載の抗体またはそのフラグメント。
- 少なくとも二種の請求項1に記載の抗体またはそのフラグメントを含んでなる、抗体融合タンパク質。
- 少なくとも一種の請求項1に記載の第一の抗体またはそのフラグメントと、少なくとも一種の第二のMAbまたはそのフラグメントとを含んでなり、該第二のMAbまたはそのフラグメントが請求項1に記載の抗体またはそのフラグメントではない、抗体融合タンパク質。
- 第二のMAbまたはそのフラグメントがハプテンと結合する、請求項19に記載の抗体融合タンパク質。
- 第二のMAbが癌腫関連抗原と結合する、請求項19に記載の抗体融合タンパク質。
- 第二のMAbが、膵臓癌上の抗原と結合するか、または膵臓癌に由来する、請求項21に記載の抗体融合タンパク質またはそのフラグメント。
- 融合タンパク質が少なくとも一種の診断薬または治療薬をさらに含んでなる、請求項18〜22のいずれか一項に記載の抗体融合タンパク質。
- 請求項1〜22のいずれか一項に記載のMAbもしくはそのフラグメントまたは融合タンパク質をコードする核酸。
- ヒト化抗体またはそのフラグメントを有効成分として含んでなる、医薬であって、
有効量の請求項16に記載の二重特異性抗体またはフラグメントを、被験体に投与し、次いで
(i)DOTA−Phe−Lys(HSG)−D−Tyr−Lys(HSG)−NH2;
(ii)DOTA−Phe−Lys(HSG)−Tyr−Lys(HSG)−NH2;および
(iii)Ac−Lys(HSG)D−Tyr−Lys(HSG)−Lys(Tscg−Cys)−NH2
からなる群から選択され、かつ、少なくとも一種の治療薬または診断薬と複合化している、ターゲッティング可能な複合体を被験体に投与することを含んでなる、MUC1を発現する罹患組織を手術中に、内視鏡的にもしくは血管内にて同定および/または治療する方法において用いられる、医薬。 - MUC1を発現する癌を治療する方法において用いられる医薬であって、
請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載の抗体もしくはそのフラグメントまたは融合タンパク質を有効成分として含んでなる、医薬。 - マウスPAM4抗体のMUC1抗原への結合と競合する、ヒト化抗体またはそのフラグメントであって、
軽鎖可変領域のCDRが、アミノ酸配列SASSSVSSSYLYを含んでなるCDR1、アミノ酸配列STSNLASを含んでなるCDR2、およびアミノ酸配列HQWNRYPYTを含んでなるCDR3の配列を有し、かつ、
重鎖可変領域のCDRが、アミノ酸配列SYVLHを含んでなるCDR1、アミノ酸配列YINPYNDGTQYNEKFKGを含んでなるCDR2、およびアミノ酸配列GFGGSYGFAYを含んでなるCDR3の配列を有する
ことを含む、ヒト化抗体またはそのフラグメント。 - 抗体またはそのフラグメントが少なくとも1つの診断薬または治療薬と結合している、請求項27に記載のヒト化抗体またはそのフラグメント。
- MUC1を発現する癌の治療用医薬の製造における、請求項27または28に記載のヒト化抗体またはそのフラグメントの使用。
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JP5155356B2 (ja) | 2013-03-06 |
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CN1675245A (zh) | 2005-09-28 |
CN101824090A (zh) | 2010-09-08 |
AU2003277087A1 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
ES2524767T3 (es) | 2014-12-12 |
AU2008212083B2 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
WO2003106495A2 (en) | 2003-12-24 |
WO2003106495A3 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
AU2003277087B2 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
EP1519958A2 (en) | 2005-04-06 |
CN1675245B (zh) | 2011-01-12 |
JP2010227099A (ja) | 2010-10-14 |
US20050014207A1 (en) | 2005-01-20 |
CN101824090B (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
JP2006513695A (ja) | 2006-04-27 |
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