JP5180834B2 - 治療方法 - Google Patents
治療方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5180834B2 JP5180834B2 JP2008542486A JP2008542486A JP5180834B2 JP 5180834 B2 JP5180834 B2 JP 5180834B2 JP 2008542486 A JP2008542486 A JP 2008542486A JP 2008542486 A JP2008542486 A JP 2008542486A JP 5180834 B2 JP5180834 B2 JP 5180834B2
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- ocular neovascular
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Description
本発明は哺乳動物における眼血管新生障害の新規治療方法を提供する。該方法は、ピリミジン誘導体、ベンゾジアゼピニル誘導体およびそれらを含有する医薬組成物を哺乳動物に投与する工程を含む。1つの態様においては、投与する化合物はパゾパニブ(Pazopanib)((5-[{4-[(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)(メチル)アミノ]ピリミジン-2-イル}アミノ)-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミド)またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物である。もう1つの態様においては、投与する化合物は(S)-3-オキソ-8-[3-(ピリジン-2-イルアミノ)-1-プロピルオキシ]-2-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-酢酸またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物である。本発明者らは、網膜に対するレーザー誘発損傷の後にパゾパニブで処理されたマウスが、未処理マウスと比較して、生じる脈絡膜血管新生病変のサイズの減少を示すことを実証した。また、本発明者らは、網膜に対するレーザー誘発損傷の前にパゾパニブ、(S)-3-オキソ-8-[3-(ピリジン-2-イルアミノ)-1-プロピルオキシ]-2-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-酢酸またはこれらの化合物の組み合わせで処理されたマウスが、生じる脈絡膜血管新生病変のサイズにおける減少を示すことを示した。したがって、本発明者らは、パゾパニブ、(S)-3-オキソ-8-[3-(ピリジン-2-イルアミノ)-1-プロピルオキシ]-2-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-酢酸ならびにそれらの誘導体、塩および溶媒和物が、眼における血管新生に関連した障害を治療するための治療用物質として有用であることを実証した。
350 mlのアセトン中の18.5 g (0.11 mol)の3-メチル-6-ニトロ-1H-インダゾールの攪拌溶液に、室温で、20 g (0.14 mol)のトリメチルオキソニウムテトラフルオロボレートを加えた。該溶液をアルゴン下で3時間攪拌した後、該溶媒を減圧下で除去した。得られた固体に、飽和水性NaHCO3(600 mL)およびクロロホルム-イソプロパノールの4:1混合物 (200 ml)を加え、該混合物を攪拌し、層を分離した。水相を追加的なクロロホルム:イソプロパノール (4×200 mL)で洗浄し、合わせた有機相を乾燥 (Na2SO4)させた。濾過および溶媒の除去は黄褐色固体を与えた。該固体をエーテル(200 mL)を洗浄して2,3-ジメチル-6-ニトロ-2H-インダゾールを黄色固体(15.85 g, 73%)として得た。1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.51 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.67 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 192 (M+H)。
トリメチルオルトホルメート (11 mmol, 1.17 g)を、-30℃に冷却された三フッ化ホウ素エーテレート (塩化メチレン (2.0 mL)中、12.5 mmol, 1.77 g)の溶液に2分間にわたって加えた。該混合物を0℃に15分間加温し、ついで-70℃に冷却した。ニトロインダゾール (10 mmol, 1.77 g) を塩化メチレン (30 mL) 中でスラリー化し、該冷却混合物に一斉に加えた。該混合物を-70℃で15分間および室温で17時間攪拌した。17時間後、該混合物は赤くなり、不均一になった。該反応混合物を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム溶液 (20 mL)でクエンチし、有機層を分離した。水層を塩化メチレン (30 mL)で抽出した。該塩化メチレン層を合わせ、水 (30 mL)で抽出した。該塩化メチレン層を、残留物が〜10mLになるまで、減圧下で蒸留した。プロパノール (10 mL)を加え、該塩化メチレンの残留物を減圧下で除去して黄色スラリーを得た。該生成物を濾過により単離して2,3-ジメチル-6-ニトロ-2H-インダゾール (65%, 7mmol, 1.25 g)を淡黄色粉末として得た。1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.51 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.67 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 192 (M+H)。
25 mLの丸底フラスコ内で3-メチル-6-ニトロインダゾール (7.27 mmol, 1.28 g)を攪拌しながらDMSO (4.0 mL)に溶解し、濃硫酸 (7.27 mmol, 0.73 g)で処理して濃厚なスラリーを得た。該スラリーを硫酸ジメチル (21.1 mmol, 2.66 g)で処理した。該混合物を窒素下、50℃で72時間加熱した。72時間後、濃厚な黄色スラリーを得た。該スラリーを冷却し、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム (10 mL)で処理した。該混合物を塩化メチレン (2×20 mL)で抽出した。該塩化メチレン層を合わせ、水 (20 mL)で逆抽出した。該塩化メチレン層をプロパノール (10 mL)で処理し、該塩化メチレンを減圧下で除去した。固体を濾過により単離し、黄色固体をヘプタン (5 mL)で洗浄し、風乾した。2,3-ジメチル-6-ニトロ-2H-インダゾール生成物 (70%, 0.97 g)を淡黄色固体として得た。1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.51 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.67 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 192 (M+H)。
250 mL三頚丸底フラスコ内に、3-メチル-6-ニトロ-1H-インダゾール硫酸塩 (5.0 g, 18.2 mmol) および塩化メチレン (25 mL)を配置した。該混合物を25℃で攪拌し、DMSO (5 mL)で処理した。硫酸ジメチル (6.7 g, 5.0 mL, 53.0 mmol)をシリンジを介して加え、該反応を70℃の浴内で還流温度で加熱した。7時間後、HPLC分析は9%の出発物質を示した。この時点で、加熱を停止し、後処理を開始した。飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム溶液 (35 mL)を該反応混合物に室温で加えた。層を分離させ、水層を塩化メチレン (25 mL)で抽出した。該塩化メチレン層を合わせ、水 (2× 25 mL)で洗浄した。該塩化メチレン層を、半分の体積が除去されるまで、減圧下で蒸留した。プロパノール (25 mL)を加え、すべての塩化メチレンが除去されるまで減圧下の蒸留を継続した。これは黄色スラリーを与え、これを25℃で1時間攪拌した。生成物を濾過により単離し、得られた黄色固体をヘプタン (10 mL)で洗浄した。これは2,3-ジメチル-6-ニトロ-2H-インダゾール (70%, 2.43 g)を黄色固体として与えた。1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.51 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.67 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 192 (M+H)。
2-メトキシエチルエーテル (12 ml)中の2,3-ジメチル-6-ニトロ-2H-インダゾール (1.13 g)の攪拌溶液に、0℃で、8.9 mlの濃HCl中の4.48 gの塩化スズ(II)の溶液を5分間にわたって滴下した。該滴下の完了後、氷浴を除去し、該溶液を更に30分間攪拌した。約40 mLのジエチルエーテルを反応に加えたところ、沈殿物の形成が生じた。得られた沈殿物を濾過により単離し、ジエチルエーテルで洗浄し、黄色固体 (1.1 g, 95%)である2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-アミンHCl塩を得た。1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.77 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (s, 1H), 7.88 (m, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 2.61 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 162 (M+H)。
2 L 三頚丸底フラスコに窒素の入口および出口ならびに機械的攪拌装置を設けた。適度な窒素流動を開始し、該反応器に10% Pd/C (50% 水湿, 6.0 g)を仕込んだ。攪拌を開始し、該反応器にメタノール (750 mL)および中間体実施例1の生成物 (50 g)を仕込んだ。アンモニウムホルメート (82.54 g)を水 (120 mL)に溶解した。アンモニウムホルメートの該水溶液を該反応溶液に、反応温度を25〜30℃に維持する添加速度で加えた。該反応を25℃で進行させた。6時間後、HPLC分析に基づき、該反応が完了したと判断した。該混合物を濾過し、該触媒をメタノール (50 mL)で洗浄した。メタノール層を合わせ、該溶媒を減圧下で除去した。残渣を水 (200 mL)に溶解し、塩化メチレン (3×250 mL)で抽出した。塩化メチレン層を合わせ、溶媒を真空下で除去して該溶媒の約半分を除去した。ヘプタン (400 mL)を加え、約300 mLの反応生成物スラリーが残るまで、該真空蒸留を継続した。生成物を濾過により単離し、真空下、50℃で4時間乾燥させて2,3-ジメチル-6-アミノ-2H-インダゾールを遊離塩基として得た (40.76 g, 96.7%)。1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.31 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.45 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.38 (s, 1H), 4.95 (s, br, 2H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 2.44 (s, 3H) MS (ES+, m/z) 162 (M+H)。
THF (15 mL)およびエタノール (60 mL)中の中間体実施例2の生成物 (2.97 g, .015 mol)およびNaHCO3 (5.05 g, .06 mol)の攪拌溶液に、2,4-ジクロロピリミジン (6.70 g, .045 mol)を室温で加えた。該反応を85℃で4時間攪拌した後、該懸濁液を室温に冷却し、濾過し、酢酸エチルで十分に洗浄した。濾液を減圧下で濃縮し、得られた固体を酢酸エチルでトリチュレーションしてN-(2-クロロピリミジン-4-イル)-2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-アミン (89%, 3.84 g)を得た。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.28 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 5.18 (br s, 1H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 274 (M+H)。
空気駆動機械的攪拌装置、温度計および窒素入口/出口を備えた1L 三頚フラスコに、425 mL (13容量)のEtOH/THF (4/1)中の中間体実施例2の生成物 (32.89 g, 0.204 mol, 1.0当量)の溶液、炭酸水素ナトリウム (51.42 g, 0.612 mol, 3.0 当量)、そしてついで2,4-ジクロロピリミジン (45.59 g, 0.306 mol, 1.5当量)を仕込んだ。フラスコ内容物を75℃に加熱し、74〜76℃で6〜7時間維持した。該反応の進行をHPLCにより調べた(中間体実施例2の生成物 < 2%)。該反応内容物を30分間にわたって20〜25℃に冷却し、20〜25℃で30分間維持した。ついで該反応内容物を更に、30分間にわたって10〜12℃に冷却し、その温度で更に10分間維持した。該内容物を濾過し、濾過ケークをEtOAc (2×100 mL, 3.0容量)および脱イオン水 (514 mL, 15.6容量)で洗浄した。ついで濾過ケークを真空オーブン内で35℃で一晩乾燥させて、所望の生成物44.75 gを白色固体 (80.1%)として得た。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.28 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 5.18 (br s, 1H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 274 (M+H)。
2Lジャケット付き反応器にIMS (1000 mL)、中間体実施例2の生成物 (100 g, 0.620 mol, 1当量)、炭酸水素ナトリウム (107g, 1.27 mol, 2.05当量)および2,4-ジクロロピリミジン (101 g, 0.682 mol, 1.1当量)を仕込んだ。該溶液を攪拌し、85℃のジャケット温度で還流温度まで8時間加熱した。ついで、得られたスラリーを50℃に冷却し、水 (500 mL)を加えて温度を40〜50℃に維持した。ついで該反応を50℃の内部温度で1時間攪拌し、ついで20℃に冷却した。固体生成物を濾過により集め、水 (750 mL×2)、ついでEtOAc (450 mL×1)で洗浄した。真空下、60℃で一晩乾燥した後、135 g (80%)のN-(2-クロロピリミジン-4-イル)-2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-アミンを得た。
DMF (50 ml)中の中間体実施例3の生成物 (7.37 g)の攪拌溶液に、Cs2CO3 (7.44 g, 2当量)およびヨードメタン (1.84 ml, 1.1当量)を室温で加えた。該混合物を室温で一晩攪拌した。ついで該反応混合物を氷水浴内に注ぎ、沈殿物を濾過により集め、水で洗浄した。該沈殿物を風乾してN-(2-クロロピリミジン-4-イル)-N,2,3-トリメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-アミンをオフホワイト色固体 (6.43 g, 83%)として得た。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.94 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J = 1.0 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (m, 1H), 6.24 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 2.62 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 288 (M+H)。
空気駆動機械的攪拌装置、温度計、滴下漏斗および窒素入口/出口を備えた3L三頚フラスコに、DMF (272 mL, 5容量)および中間体実施例3の生成物 (54.4 g, 0.20 mol, 1.0当量)を攪拌しながら仕込んだ。反応温度を20〜25℃に維持しながら、該反応混合物に更に、炭酸セシウム (194.5 g, 0.60 mol, 3.0当量)を仕込んだ。該反応混合物を20〜25℃で10分間攪拌した。温度を20〜30℃に維持しながら、ヨードメタン (45.1 g, 0.32 mol, 1.6当量)を〜10分間にわたって仕込んだ。該反応混合物を20〜30℃で攪拌した(典型的には、該反応は1〜2時間のうちに完了する)。温度を25〜40℃に維持しながら、脱イオンH2O (925 mL, 17容量)を〜30分間にわたって加えた。該反応混合物を20〜25℃で40分間攪拌した。生成物を濾過により単離し、ついで濾過ケークをH2O / DMF (6 : 1, 252 mL, 4.6容量)で洗浄した。その湿ったケークを真空下、40〜45℃で乾燥させ、N-(2-クロロピリミジン-4-イル)-N,2,3-トリメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-アミン (51.7 g, 90.4%)を黄色固体として単離した。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.94 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J = 1.0 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (m, 1H), 6.24 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 2.62 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 288 (M+H)。
2Lジャケット付き反応器にDMF (383 mL)、炭酸ジメチル (192 mL)、中間体実施例3の生成物 (115 g, 0.420 mol, 1当量)および炭酸カリウム (174 g, 1.26 mol, 3当量)を仕込んだ。該懸濁液を攪拌し、135℃のジャケット温度で還流温度まで6時間加熱した。ついで、得られたスラリーを60℃に冷却し、反応温度を50〜65℃に維持しながら水 (1150 mL)をゆっくり加えた。ついで該反応を20℃に冷却し、20℃の内部温度で2時間攪拌し、ついで10℃に冷却し、一晩維持し、その後、それを濾過した。該固体を室温で水 (230 mL×2)で洗浄し、IMS:水 (1:1)混合物 (230 mL×1)ですすいだ。真空下、60℃で一晩乾燥した後、N-(2-クロロピリミジン-4-イル)-N,2,3-トリメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-アミンを得た。
2-メトキシエチルエーテル (43 mL)中の2-メチル-5-ニトロベンゼンスルホンアミド (4.6 g, 0.021 mol)の攪拌溶液に、0℃で、32 mLの濃HCl中の16.1の塩化スズ(II)の溶液を15分間にわたって滴下した。該滴下の完了後、氷浴を除去し、該溶液を更に30分間攪拌した。約130 mLのジエチルエーテルを反応に加えた。該混合物を激しく1時間攪拌した。該混合物をNaOHおよびNaHCO3の溶液で塩基性化し、酢酸エチルで抽出 (×3)した。合わせた酢酸エチル層を無水MgSO4で乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮して粗生成物を得た。メタノールでの該粗生成物のトリチュレーションにより2.4 gの純粋な5-アミノ-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミドを淡褐色固体として得た。1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.11-7.10 (m, 3H), 6.95 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (dd, J = 8.1 & 2.4 Hz, 1H), 5.24 (s, 2H), 2.36 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 187 (M+H)。
4-ニトロベンジルブロミド (40 g, 0.185 mol)およびメタンスルフィン酸ナトリウム (19.5 g, 1当量)をエタノール (460 mL, 〜0.4M)中で一緒にした。該混合物を攪拌し、還流下で80℃に加熱した。3時間後、該反応混合物を室温に冷却し、濾過して、オフホワイト色固体を集めた。該固体をEtOHで2回洗浄し、風乾して37 gのメチル4-ニトロベンジルスルホンを得た。1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.27 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.69 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 4.71 (s, 2H), 2.96 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 216 (M+H)。
磁気攪拌棒および還流冷却器を備えた丸底フラスコ (1.0 L)に4-ニトロベンジルブロミド (40 g, 0.185 mol, 1.0当量)、メタンスルフィン酸ナトリウム (21.7 g, 0.213 mol, 1.15当量) およびエタノール (400 mL, 200プルーフ, 10容量)を仕込んだ。該混合物を攪拌し、還流下、80℃に2時間加熱した。高速HPLCにより反応の進行を調べた(HPLCが4-ニトロベンジルブロミド < 0.5%を示した場合に反応は完了したとみなされる)。該混合物を室温まで冷却した。濾過を行い、ケークをエタノール (40 mL)で洗浄した。その湿ったケーク (15 g, 46.2 mmol)を、更に乾燥させることなく次の水素添加工程で使用した。
実施例1a
5-({4-[(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)(メチル)アミノ]ピリミジン-2-イル}アミノ)-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミドの製造
イソプロパノール (6 ml)中の中間体実施例4の(200 mg, 0.695 mmol)および5-アミノ-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミド (129.4 mg, 0.695 mmol)の溶液に4滴の濃HClを加えた。該混合物を還流温度に一晩加熱した。該混合物を室温に冷却し、エーテル (6 ml)で希釈した。沈殿物を濾過により集め、エーテルで洗浄した。5-({4-[(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)(メチル)アミノ]-ピリミジン-2-イル}アミノ)-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミドの塩酸塩をオフホワイト色固体として単離した。1H NMR (400 MHz, d6DMSO+NaHCO3) δ 9.50 (br s, 1H), 8.55 (br s, 1H), 7.81 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (m, 1H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.23 (s, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (m, 1H), 5.74 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.48 (s, 3H), 2.61 (s, 3H), 2.48 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 438 (M+H)。
磁気攪拌棒、温度計、還流冷却器および窒素入口/出口を備えた250-mL 三頚フラスコに、攪拌しながら、エタノール (60 mL, 10容量)、中間体実施例4の生成物 (6.00 g, 20.85 mmol, 1.0当量)および5-アミノ-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミド (4.00 g, 21.48 mmol, 1.03当量)を仕込んだ。該反応混合物を70℃に加熱した。該反応混合物を68〜72℃で3時間攪拌した後、ジオキサン中の4M HCl(0.11 mL, 0.44 mmol, 0.02当量)を約2分間にわたって仕込んだ。HPLC分析により、出発した中間体実施例4の生成物の残留が1.5面積%未満になるまで、該反応混合物を68〜72℃で攪拌した (典型的には、この反応は > 8時間のうちに完了する)。該反応混合物を約30分間にわたって20℃に冷却し、20〜22℃で40分間攪拌した。ついで生成物を濾過により単離し、濾過ケークをエタノール (20 mL, 3.3容量)で洗浄した。その湿ったケークを真空下、45〜50℃で乾燥させた。5-({4-[(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)(メチル)アミノ]-ピリミジン-2-イル}アミノ)-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミドの一塩酸塩 (9.52 g, 96.4%)を白色固体として単離した。1H NMR (400 MHz, d6DMSO+NaHCO3) δ 9.50 (br s, 1H), 8.55 (br s, 1H), 7.81 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (m, 1H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.23 (s, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (m, 1H), 5.74 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.48 (s, 3H), 2.61 (s, 3H), 2.48 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 438 (M+H)。
14 mLのMeOH中の中間体実施例4の生成物 (1.1 g, 3.8 mmol)の攪拌懸濁液に、5-アミノ-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミド (0.78 g, 4.2 mmol, 1.1当量)を室温で加えた。該反応混合物を還流温度で3時間加熱し、ついで1,4-ジオキサン中の4 M HCl(19 μL, 0.076 mmol)を一度に加えた。4時間後、該懸濁液を室温に冷却し、濾過した。得られた固体を10 mLのMeOHで洗浄し、真空中で乾燥させて1.3 g (72%)の5-({4-[(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)メチルアミノ]-2-ピリミジニル}アミノ)-2-メチル ベンゼンスルホンアミド一塩酸塩を白色固体として得た。1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) δ 10.95 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.64-7.59 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m, 3H), 6.93 (dd, J = 8.8, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 5.92 (s, 1H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.57 (s, 3H), 2.65 (s, 3H), 2.56 (s, 3H)。
10 mLのTHF中の中間体実施例4の生成物 (1.1 g, 3.7 mmol)の攪拌懸濁液に、5-アミノ-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミド (0.70 g, 3.8 mmol, 1.0当量)を室温で加えた。該反応混合物を還流温度で3時間加熱し、ついで1,4-ジオキサン中の4 M HCl(18 μL, 0.072 mmol)を一度に加えた。5時間後、該懸濁液を室温に冷却し、濾過した。得られた固体を16 mLのTHFで洗浄し、風乾して1.6 g (92%)の5-({4-[(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)メチルアミノ]-2-ピリミジニル}アミノ)-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミド一塩酸塩を淡黄色固体として得た。
10 mLのCH3CN中の中間体実施例4の生成物 (1.0 g, 3.6 mmol)の攪拌懸濁液に、5-アミノ-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミド (0.70 g, 3.8 mmol, 1.0当量)を室温で加えた。該反応混合物を還流温度で3時間加熱し、ついで1,4-ジオキサン中の4 M HCl(18 μL, 0.076 mmol)を一度に加えた。20時間後、該懸濁液を室温に冷却し、濾過した。得られた固体を10 mLのCH3CNで洗浄し、風乾して1.3 g (73%)の5-({4-[(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)メチルアミノ]-2-ピリミジニル}アミノ)-2-メチル ベンゼンスルホンアミド一塩酸塩をオフホワイト色固体として得た。
2Lジャケット付き反応器にMeOH (1005 mL)、中間体実施例4の生成物 (84 g, 0.292 mol, 1当量)および5-アミノ-2-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミド (60 g, 0.320 mol, 1.1当量)を仕込んだ。該溶液を攪拌し、50℃に加熱し、ジオキサン中の4M HCl(1.46 mL, 2 mol%)を加えた。ついで該溶液を攪拌し、85℃のジャケット温度で還流温度に10時間加熱した。ついで、得られたスラリーを20〜25℃に冷却し、濾過した。該濾過固体をアセトニトリル (293 mL×2)で室温で洗浄した。真空下、60℃で一晩の乾燥後、116 g (81%)の5-({4-[(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)メチルアミノ]-2-ピリミジニル}アミノ)-2-メチル ベンゼンスルホンアミド一塩酸塩を得た。
メチル (±)-8-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-3-オキソ-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテートの製造
a)3-[N-(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)-N-メチルアミノ]メチル-4-ブロモアニソール
THF (280 mL)中の4-ブロモ-3-ブロモメチルアニソール (15.76 g, 56.29 mmol)の溶液に、室温で、40% 水性メチルアミン(49 mL, 563 mmol)を迅速に加えた。2.5時間後、該反応を濃縮し、残渣をEt2O (560 mL)と1.0 N NaOH (100 mL)とに分配した。層を分離し、有機層を乾燥 (MgSO4)させ、濃縮して黄色油を得た:TLC (5% MeOH/CHCl3) Rf 0.32。該油をCHCl3 (280 mL)に溶解し、ジ-tert-ブチルジカーボネート (1.29 g, 56.29 mmol)を加えた。該反応を室温で45分間攪拌し、ついで濃縮した。シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー (5% EtOAc/トルエン)は表題化合物 (16.81 g, 90%)を淡黄色油として与えた:TLC (5% EtOAc/トルエン) Rf 0.43; 1H NMR (400, CDCl3) 回転異性体の混合物; 7.42 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1 H, 6.65-6.80 (m, 2 H), 4.40-4.55 (m, 2 H), 3.77 (s, 3 H), 2.81-2.97 (m, 3 H), 1.37-1.60 (m, 9 H); MS (ES) m/e 352/354 (M+Na) +。
プロピオニトリル (75 mL)中の3-[N-(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)-N-メチルアミノ]メチル-4-ブロモアニソール (4.95 g, 15 mmol)、ジメチルイタコネート (3.08 g, 19.5 mmol)、酢酸パラジウム (168 mg, 0.75 mmol)、トリ-o-トリホスフィン (457 mg, 1.5 mol)およびジイソプロピルエチルアミン (5.2 mL, 30 mmol)の溶液を還流温度に45分間加熱し、ついでロータリーエバポレーターで濃縮した。該残渣をEt2O (150 mL)で希釈し、該混合物をセライト(celite (登録商標))に通して濾過して不溶性物質を除去した。濾液を濃縮し、残渣をキシレンから再濃縮した。シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー (勾配: 20% EtOAc/ヘキサン、ついで1:1 EtOAc/ヘキサン)により該ホスフィンおよびベースライン物質を除去した。Rf 0.40〜0.70を有する全ての他の物質を一緒に集め、濃縮して、濁った黄色油を得た: TLC (30% EtOAc/ヘキサン) Rf 0.41 (主生成物)。
無水CH2Cl2 (55 mL)中のメチル (±)-3-カルボメトキシ-4-[2-[N-(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)-N-(メチルアミノ]メチル-4-メトキシフェニル]ブタノエート (4.53 g, 11.06 mmole)の溶液に0℃でTFA (55 mL)を一斉に加え、該反応を室温に加温した。1時間後、該反応を濃縮し、残渣をトルエン (2×100 mL)から再濃縮して、表題化合物 (11.06 mmol, 定量的)を淡黄色油として得た: MS (ES) m/e 310 (M+H) +。
トルエン (110 mL)中のメチル (±)-3-カルボメトキシ-4-[2-(メチルアミノ)メチル-4-メトキシフェニル]ブタノエート (11.06 mmole)およびジイソプロピルエチルアミン (5.8 mL, 33.18 mmol)の溶液を還流温度で25時間加熱し、室温で4日間攪拌し、ついで還流温度で更に24時間加熱した。濃縮およびシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー (5% MeOH in 1:1 EtOAc/CHCl3)は表題化合物(2.88 g, 94%)を淡黄色固体として与えた: TLC (1:1 EtOAc/CHCl3中の5% MeOH) Rf 0.63; 1H NMR (250, CDCl3) δ 7.02 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1 H, 6.78 (dd, J=8.4, 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 6.63 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 1 H), 5.29 (d, J=16.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.50-3.90 (m, 2 H), 3.79 (s, 3 H), 3.71 (s, 3 H), 2.73-3.16 (m, 3 H), 3.04 (s, 3 H), 2.41 (dd, J=16.7, 5.4 Hz, 1 H; MS (ES) m/e 300 (M+Na) +, 278 (M+H) +。
アルゴン下、0℃の、無水CH2Cl2 (20 mL)中のメチル (±)-8-メトキシ-2-メチル-3-オキソ-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテート (562 mg, 2.03 mmol)およびエタンチオール (0.75 mL, 10.15 mmol)の溶液に、無水塩化アルミニウム (1.35 g, 10.15 mmol)を一斉に加えた。該混合物を室温に加温し、4.5時間攪拌し、ついで0℃に再冷却した。氷冷H2O (20 mL)を加え、該混合物を激しく5分間攪拌し、ついでCHCl3 (3×20 mL)で抽出した。合わせたCHCl3層を乾燥 (MgSO4)し、濃縮して残渣を得た。水層を吸引濾過して固体沈殿物を集めた。この沈殿物および該CHCl3層からの残渣を1:1 MeOH/CHCl3中で一緒にし、該溶液を濃縮してオフホワイト色固体を得た。これを熱MeOHでトリチュレーションし、該混合物を室温に冷却した。該固体を吸引濾過により集め、冷MeOHおよびEt2Oで順次洗浄した。高真空中、40℃での乾燥は表題化合物 (467.9 mg, 88%)を無色固体として与えた: TLC (5% MeOH/CHCl3) Rf 0.17; 1H NMR (250, DMSO-d6) δ 9.29(s, 1 H), 6.89 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1 H), 6.50-6.70 (m, 2 H), 5.16 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.84 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.60-3.85 (m, 1 H), 3.56 (s, 3 H), 2.30-3.00 (m, 4 H), 2.86 (s, 3 H); MS (ES) m/e 286 (M+Na) +, 264 (M+H) +。
メチル (±)-8-ヒドロキシ-3-オキソ-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテートのエナンチオマーのHPLC分離
a)メチル(R)-(+)-8-ヒドロキシ-3-オキソ-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテートおよびメチル(S)-(-)-8-ヒドロキシ-3-オキソ-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテート
メチル(±)-8-ヒドロキシ-3-オキソ-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテートを、以下の条件を用いるキラルHPLCにより、そのエナンチオマーに分離した: Diacel Chiralpak AS (登録商標)カラム (21.2×250 mm), EtOH移動相, 流速7 mL/分, 254 nmでuv検出, 70 mg 注入; メチル(R)-(+)-8-ヒドロキシ-3-オキソ-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテートのtR=21.5分; メチル (S)-(-)-8-ヒドロキシ-3-オキソ-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテートのtR=39.1分。
(S)-3-オキソ-8-[3-(ピリジン-2-イルアミノ)-1-プロピルオキシ]-2-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-酢酸の製造
a)メチル(S)-3-オキソ-8-[3-(1-オキソピリジン-2-イルアミノ)-1-プロピルオキシ]-2-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテート
アルゴン下の乾燥THF (400 mL)および乾燥DMF (200 mL)中のメチル(S)-8-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-3-オキソ-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテート (19 g, 57.4 mmol)の攪拌溶液に、2-(3-ヒドロキシプロピルアミノ)ピリジン N-オキシド (11.6 g, 69 mmol)およびトリフェニルホスフィン (18.0 g, 69 mmol)を加えた。すべての固体が完全に溶解した後 (〜30分間)、該反応を氷浴内で0℃に冷却し、ジイソプロピル アゾジカルボキシレート (14.3 mL, 69 mmol)をシリンジで加えた。該反応を室温にゆっくり加温し、18時間攪拌した。濃縮およびフラッシュシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー (8:2:1 CHCl3/EtOAc/EtOH)は表題化合物 (20.83 g, 75%)を固体泡として与えた。前記反応から回収した出発物質のリサイクルにより追加的な5.73 gの生成物を得て、合計26.56 g (96%)の表題化合物を得ることが可能である: MS (ES) m/e 482.2 (M+H) + ; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.09 (dd, J=6.5, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (t, 1H), 7.18 (t, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.84-6.79 (m, 3H), 6.59 (t, 1H), 5.32 (d, J=16.5 Hz, 1H), 4.28-4.14 (m, 2H), 4.16 (d, J=16.5 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (t, 2H), 3.84 (m, 1H), 3.58 (s, 3H), 3.40 (dd, 2H), 3.01 (dd, 1H), 2.73 (dd, 1H), 2.70 (dd, 1H), 2.52 (dd, 1H), 2.02 (ddd, 2H)。
イソプロパノール (500 mL)中のメチル(S)-3-オキソ-8-[3-(1-オキソピリジン-2-イルアミノ)-1-プロピルオキシ]-2-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテート (26.56 g, 55 mmol)の攪拌溶液に、10%パラジウム/活性炭 (8 g, 7.5 mmol; アルゴン下、注意深くイソプロパノールで予め湿らせたもの)およびシクロヘキセン (55.7 mL, 550 mmol)を加えた。ついで該反応を、90℃に設定された油浴内で、アルゴン下、還流温度に加熱した。6時間後、追加量の10%パラジウム/活性炭 (8 g, 7.5 mmol; アルゴン下、注意深くイソプロパノールで予め湿らせたもの) およびシクロヘキセン (55.7 mL, 550 mmol)を加えた。更に18時間後、該反応をセライト (celite (登録商標))を通して熱時濾過し、該フィルターパッドを1:1 MeOH/CHCl3 (400 mL)で洗浄した。濾液を真空下で濃縮し、残渣をシリカゲルフラッシュクロマトグラフィー (95:5 CHCl3/MeOH)により精製して表題化合物 (19.50 g, 76%)を白色付着性泡として得た: TLC (シリカ, CHCl3中の5% MeOH) Rf 0.52; MS (ES) m/e 466.3 (M+H)+ ; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.94 (dd, 1H), 7.34 (t, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (m, 2H), 6.54 (t, 1H), 6.46 (m, 2H), 5.31 (d, J=16.5 Hz, 1H), 4.23-4.13 (m, 2H), 4.17 (d, J=16.5 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (t, 2H), 3.82 (m, 1H), 3.58 (s, 3H), 3.36 (m, 2H), 3.01 (dd, 1H), 2.72 (dd, 1H), 2.68 (dd, 1H), 2.50 (dd, 1H), 1.96 (ddd, 2H)。
ジオキサン (150 mL)中のメチル(S)-3-オキソ-8-[3-(ピリジン-2-イルアミノ)-1-プロピルオキシ]-2-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-2-ベンゾアゼピン-4-アセテート (19.50 g, 42 mmol)の攪拌溶液に、水性1 N NaOH (75 mL, 75 mmol)を加えた。濁った反応液を室温で2時間攪拌し、ついで、得られた均一溶液を水性1 N HCl (75 mL, 75 mmol)で中和した。該溶液をほぼ乾固状態になるまで回転減圧蒸発(ロータリーエバポレーション)により濃縮して生成物を析出させた。上清をデカントし、残留粘着性固体をメタノールに再溶解した。ついで該透明溶液を回転減圧蒸発により再濃縮した。残留固体を少容量の水でトリチュレーションし、濾過し、真空下で乾燥させて表題化合物 (16.38 g, 86%)を白色粉末として得た。HPLC (Hamilton PRP-1(登録商標), 0.1% TFAを含有する25% CH3CN/H2O) k'=3.1; [α]D -112.3° (c, 1.0, MeOH); MS (ES) m/e 452.3 (M+H) +; . 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.95 (dd, 1H), 7.34 (dt, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (m, 2H), 6.58 (t, 1H), 6.47 (m, 2H), 5.30 (d, J=16.5 Hz, 1H), 4.27-4.13 (m, 2H), 4.15 (d, J=16.5 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (t, 1H), 3.78 (m, 1H), 3.37 (m, 2H), 3.00 (dd, 1 H), 2.69 (dd, 1H), 2.65 (dd, 1H), 2.41 (dd, 1H), 1.96 (ddd, 2 H). 元素分析: C22H24F3N3O4としての計算値: C, 58.53; H, 5.36; N, 9.31. 実測値: C, 58.37; H, 5.42; N, 9.20。
以下の実施例におけるマウスは、眼科および視覚研究における動物の使用に関するARVO声明(ARVO statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research)を遵守して処理した。
マウスを麻酔し、散瞳させた。クリプトンレーザー光凝固の熱傷を網膜に施した。該レーザー誘発損傷の7日後、実施例1に記載の化合物の投与を開始した。ビヒクルのみ、または4 mg/kg、20 mg/kgもしくは100 mg/kgの用量の式(I)の化合物を含有するビヒクル(図1にはVEGF Rと示されている)の経口用量を、1日2回、7日間投与した。7日間の処理の後、該マウスにフルオレセイン標識デキストランを潅流し、脈絡膜血管新生の面積を定量した。パゾパニブ(pazopanib)はCNV面積を用量特異的に減少させた。図1を参照されたい。
この実験においては、実施例1に記載の化合物(図2にはVEGF Rと示されている)、実施例3に記載の化合物(図2にはビトロネクチンと示されている)または実施例1および実施例3に記載の化合物の組み合わせ(図2には「両方」と示されている)を、実施例4に記載の方法に従い網膜熱傷を行う1日前から、各マウスに投与した。該化合物は、実施例1の化合物に関しては100 mg/kgまたは実施例3の化合物に関しては45 mg/kgの投与量で、1日2回、経口投与した。該網膜熱傷の14日後、前記のとおりにCNV面積を定量した。結果を図2に示す。
Claims (14)
- 式(I)、(I')または(I”)の化合物が適当な担体に溶解または懸濁されている点眼剤の形態である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の医薬製剤。
- 血管新生障害の治療のための1以上の追加的な治療用物質と組み合わせて投与するための、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の医薬製剤。
- 1以上の追加的な治療用物質がペガプタニブおよび/またはラニビズマブである、請求項5記載の医薬製剤。
- 1以上の追加的な治療用物質が別々に投与される、請求項5または6記載の医薬製剤。
- 1以上の追加的な治療用物質が異なる手段により投与される、請求項7記載の医薬製剤。
- 眼血管新生障害が網膜血管新生障害である、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項記載の医薬製剤。
- 眼血管新生障害が、滲出性老人性黄斑変性(AMD)、網膜色素線条症、病的近視、眼ヒストプラズマ症候群、ブルッフ膜裂孔、ぶどう膜炎、黄斑浮腫(糖尿病黄斑浮腫を含む)、サルコイドーシス、萎縮性AMD、円錐角膜、シェーグレン症候群、近視、眼腫瘍、角膜移植片拒絶反応、角膜損傷、血管新生緑内障、角膜潰瘍、角膜瘢痕、増殖性硝子体網膜症、未熟児網膜症、網膜変性、慢性緑内障、網膜剥離または鎌状赤血球網膜症である、請求項9記載の医薬製剤。
- 眼血管新生障害が滲出性老人性黄斑変性(AMD)である、請求項10記載の医薬製剤。
- 眼血管新生障害を予防するための、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項記載の医薬製剤。
- 眼血管新生障害を治癒するための、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項記載の医薬製剤。
- 眼血管新生障害の進行速度を減少するための、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項記載の医薬製剤。
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US60/740,478 | 2005-11-29 | ||
PCT/US2006/045776 WO2007064752A2 (en) | 2005-11-29 | 2006-11-29 | Treatment of ocular neovascular disorders such as macular degeneration, angiod streaks, uveitis and macular edema |
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