JP5013374B2 - 蛍光体とその製造方法および発光器具 - Google Patents
蛍光体とその製造方法および発光器具 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5013374B2 JP5013374B2 JP2007509282A JP2007509282A JP5013374B2 JP 5013374 B2 JP5013374 B2 JP 5013374B2 JP 2007509282 A JP2007509282 A JP 2007509282A JP 2007509282 A JP2007509282 A JP 2007509282A JP 5013374 B2 JP5013374 B2 JP 5013374B2
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 161
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017414 LaAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003564 SiAlON Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002284 excitation--emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 or oxynitride Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000547 structure data Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
CHONG−MIN WANG ほか4名"Journal of Materials Science" 1996年、31巻、5281〜5298ページ
0.00001≦ d ≦0.01・・・・・・・・・・(1)
0.07≦ e ≦0.42・・・・・・・・・・・・・(2)
0.005≦ f ≦0.41・・・・・・・・・・・・(3)
0.0005≦ g ≦0.1・・・・・・・・・・・・(4)
の条件を満たし、励起源を照射することにより波長450nmから490nmの範囲の波長にピークを持つ蛍光を発光する、蛍光体。ここで、この範囲内では、青色の発光輝度が特に高く、半価幅が大きい発光ピークを持つ蛍光体が得られる。
2.LEDチップ。
3、4.導電性端子。
5.ワイヤーボンド。
6.樹脂層。
7.容器。
8.赤色蛍光体。
9.青色蛍光体。
10.緑色蛍光体。
11、12、13.紫外線発光セル。
14、15、16、17.電極。
18、19.誘電体層。
20.保護層。
21、22.ガラス基板。
2Hδ:Si2.40Al8.60O0.60N11.40
27R:Al9O3N7:1Al2O3−7AlN
21R:Al7O3N5:1Al2O3−5AlN
12H:SiAl5O2N5:1SiO2−5AlN
15R:SiAl4O2N4:1SiO2−4AlN
8H:Si0.5Al3.5O2.5N2.5:0.5SiO2−0.5Al2O3−2.5AlN
等を含む結晶である。本発明ではこれらの結晶を母体結晶として用いることができる。AlN結晶またはAlNポリタイプ結晶は、X線回折や中性子線回折により同定することができ、純粋なAlN結晶またはAlNポリタイプ結晶と同一若しくは実質的に同一の回折を示す物質の他に、構成元素が他の元素と置き換わることにより格子定数が変化したものも、本明細書におけるAlNポリタイプ結晶に含まれてよい。
0.00001≦ a ≦0.01・・・・・・・・・・(1)
0.38≦ b ≦0.52・・・・・・・・・・・・・(2)
0.45≦ c ≦0.61・・・・・・・・・・・・・(3)
の条件を全て満たす値から選ばれる。aは発光中心となる元素Mの添加量を表し、原子比で0.00001以上0.01以下となるようにするのがよい。a値が0.00001より小さいと発光中心となるMの数が少ないため発光輝度が低下するおそれがある。0.01より大きいとMイオン間の干渉により濃度消光を起こして輝度が低下するおそれがある。bは母体結晶を構成する金属元素の量であり、原子比で0.38以上0.52以下となるようにするのがよい。好ましくは、bが、0.429と同一又は実質的に同一でよい。b値がこの範囲をはずれると結晶中の結合が不安定になり易くβ型Si3N4構造以外の結晶相の生成割合が増え、青色の発光強度が低下するおそれがある。cは母体結晶を構成する非金属元素の量であり、原子比で0.45以上0.61以下となるようにするのがよい。好ましくは、cが、0.571と同一又は実質的に同一でよい。c値がこの範囲をはずれると結晶中の結合が不安定になり易くβ型Si3N4構造以外の結晶相の生成割合が増え、青色の発光強度が低下するおそれがある。
0.00001≦ d ≦0.01・・・・・・・・・・(1)
0.07≦ e ≦0.42・・・・・・・・・・・・・(2)
0.005≦ f ≦0.41・・・・・・・・・・・・(3)
0.0005≦ g ≦0.1・・・・・・・・・・・・(4)
以上の条件を全て満たす値から選ばれる。dは発光中心となるCeの添加量を表し、原子比で0.00001以上0.01以下となるようにするのが好ましい。a値が0.00001より小さいと発光中心となるMの数が少ないため発光輝度が低下するおそれがある。0.01より大きいとMイオン間の干渉により濃度消光を起こして輝度が低下するおそれがある。eはSiの量であり、原子比で0.07以上0.42以下となるようにするのがよい。fはAlの量であり、原子比で0.005以上0.41以下となるようにするのがよい。また、eとfの値の合計は、好ましくは0.41以上0.44以下とするのがよく、より好ましくは、実質的に0.429であってよい。e及びf値がこの範囲をはずれるとβ型サイアロン以外の結晶相の生成割合が増え易く、青色の発光強度が低下するおそれがある。gは酸素の量であり、原子比で0.0005以上0.1以下となるようにするのがよい。hは窒素の量であり、eとhの値の合計は、0.56以上0.59以下となるようにするのがよい。好ましくは、c=0.571又はcが実質的に0.571であってよい。e及びh値がこの範囲をはずれるとβ型サイアロン以外の結晶相の生成割合が増え、青色の発光強度が低下するおそれがある。
原料粉末は、平均粒径0.5μm、酸素含有量0.93重量%、α型含有量92%の窒化ケイ素粉末(宇部興産社製のE10グレード)、比表面積3.3m2/g、酸素含有量0.79%の窒化アルミニウム粉末、純度99.9%の酸化セリウム粉末を用いた。これらの原料粉末は、例えば、窒化アルミニウムはトクヤマ社製のFグレードを、酸化セリウム粉末は信越化学社製の製品を用いた。
実施例1と同じ原料粉末を用いて、表2に示す組成を得るべく、窒化ケイ素粉末と窒化アルミニウム粉末と酸化ユーロピュウム粉末とを所定量秤量し、窒化ケイ素焼結体製のポットと窒化ケイ素焼結体製のボールとn−ヘキサンを用いて湿式ボールミルにより2時間混合した。ロータリーエバポレータによりn−ヘキサンを除去し、混合粉体の乾燥物を得た。得られた混合物をメノウ乳鉢と乳棒を用いて粉砕した後に500μmのふるいを通すことにより流動性に優れる粉体凝集体を得た。この粉体凝集体を直径20mm高さ20mmの大きさの窒化ホウ素製るつぼに自然落下させて入れた。つぎに、るつぼを黒鉛抵抗加熱方式の電気炉にセットした。焼成操作は、まず、拡散ポンプにより焼成雰囲気を真空とし、室温から800℃まで毎時500℃の速度で加熱し、800℃で純度が99.999体積%の窒素を導入して圧力を1MPaとし、毎時500℃で2000℃まで昇温し、その温度で8時間保持した。得られた焼成物は、すべてβ型Si3N4結晶構造、AlN結晶構造、若しくはAlNポリタイプ構造が50質量%以上含まれており、蛍光分光測定を行なったところ表4に示すように紫外線から可視光で励起されて470nm〜480nmの間の波長にピークを持つ青色を発する蛍光体が得られた。以下表4に上記実施例及び下記に開示する比較例の光学特性をまとめて示す。
表2および3に示す組成物を出発とした他は実施例1と同じ工程および条件で蛍光体粉末を合成したところ、組成範囲が本発明外であるため表4に示すように高輝度の蛍光体は得られなかった。
Claims (19)
- β型Si3N4結晶構造を持つβ型サイアロン(Si 6−z Al z O z N 8−z ,ただし0<z<4.2)にCeが固溶した窒化物又は酸窒化物の結晶を含み、組成式Ce d Si e Al f O g N h (式中、d+e+f+g+h=1とする)で示され、
0.00001≦ d ≦0.01・・・・・・・・・・(1)
0.07≦ e ≦0.42・・・・・・・・・・・・・(2)
0.005≦ f ≦0.41・・・・・・・・・・・・(3)
0.0005≦ g ≦0.1・・・・・・・・・・・・(4)
の条件を満たし、励起源を照射することにより波長450nmから490nmの範囲の波長にピークを持つ蛍光を発光する、蛍光体。 - 前記励起源を照射することにより波長470nmから490nmの範囲の波長にピークを持つ蛍光を発光する、請求項1に記載の蛍光体。
- 前記励起源が、100nm以上470nm以下の波長を持つ、紫外線又は可視光である、請求項1又は2に記載の蛍光体。
- 前記励起源が380nmから430nmの範囲の波長の紫光である、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の蛍光体。
- 前記励起源により発光する前記蛍光は、前記発光ピークの半値幅が80nm以上である、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の蛍光体。
- 前記励起源を照射されたとき発光する色がCIE色度座標上の(x、y)値で、0 ≦ x ≦0.3かつ0.≦ y ≦0.4の条件を満たす、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の蛍光体。
- 前記窒化物又は酸窒化物の結晶は、他の結晶質あるいは非晶質化合物を含む混合物として生成され、該混合物における前記窒化物又は酸窒化物の結晶の含有量が50質量%以上である、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の蛍光体。
- 原料混合物を、窒素雰囲気中において1820℃以上2200℃以下の温度範囲で焼成する工程を含み、
前記原料混合物が、Ceの金属、酸化物、炭酸塩、窒化物、フッ化物、塩化物又は酸窒化物と、窒化ケイ素又は窒化アルミニウムとを含む、請求項1から7のいずれに記載の蛍光体を製造する、蛍光体の製造方法。 - 前記焼成する工程において、前記窒素雰囲気中は、0.1MPa以上100MPa以下の圧力範囲の窒素雰囲気中である、請求項8に記載の蛍光体の製造方法。
- 前記焼成する工程の前に、粉体又は凝集体形状の金属化合物を嵩密度40%以下の充填率に保持した状態で容器に充填して前記原料混合物を得る工程を更に含む、請求項8又は9に記載の蛍光体の製造方法。
- 前記容器が窒化ホウ素製である、請求項10に記載の蛍光体の製造方法。
- 前記金属化合物の凝集体の平均粒径が500μm以下である、請求項10又は11に記載の蛍光体の製造方法。
- スプレイドライヤ、ふるい分け、又は風力分級により、前記金属化合物の凝集体の平均粒径を500μm以下にする工程を更に含む、請求項12に記載の蛍光体の製造方法。
- 粉砕、分級、酸処理から選ばれる1種又は複数の手法により、焼成した蛍光体を平均粒径が50nm以上20μm以下の粉末に粒度調整する工程を更に含む、請求項8から13のいずれかに記載の蛍光体の製造方法。
- 発光光源と蛍光体とを含む照明器具であって、該蛍光体は、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の蛍光体を含む、照明器具。
- 前記発光光源が380〜430nmの波長の光を発する発光ダイオード(LED)及び/又はレーザダイオード(LD)を含む、請求項15に記載の照明器具。
- 前記発光光源が380〜430nmの波長の光を発する発光ダイオード(LED)又はレーザダイオード(LD)であり、
前記蛍光体は、380〜430nmの励起光により450nm以上500nm以下の波長に発光ピークを持つ青色蛍光体と、380〜430nmの励起光により500nm以上600nm以下の波長に発光ピークを持つ緑色蛍光体と、380〜430nmの励起光により600nm以上700nm以下の波長に発光ピークを持つ赤色蛍光体とを含み、
該照明器具は、青色光と緑色光と赤色光とを混合して白色光を発する、請求項15又は16に記載の照明器具。 - 励起源と蛍光体とを含む画像表示装置であって、前記蛍光体は、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の蛍光体を含む、画像表示装置。
- 更に、蛍光表示管(VFD)、フィールドエミッションディスプレイ(FED)、プラズマディスプレイパネル(PDP)、陰極線管(CRT)のいずれか1つを少なくとも含む、請求項18に記載の画像表示装置。
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