JP5004989B2 - 窒化物半導体発光素子及びその製造方法、並びに、半導体光学装置 - Google Patents
窒化物半導体発光素子及びその製造方法、並びに、半導体光学装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 312
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 220
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 38
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 69
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 63
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 44
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 33
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 32
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000002248 hydride vapour-phase epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 2
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/34—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers
- H01S5/343—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser
- H01S5/34333—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser with a well layer based on Ga(In)N or Ga(In)P, e.g. blue laser
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- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
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- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
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- H01S5/0202—Cleaving
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- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/02208—Mountings; Housings characterised by the shape of the housings
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/16—Window-type lasers, i.e. with a region of non-absorbing material between the active region and the reflecting surface
- H01S5/168—Window-type lasers, i.e. with a region of non-absorbing material between the active region and the reflecting surface with window regions comprising current blocking layers
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- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/2201—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure in a specific crystallographic orientation
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
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- H01S5/32—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures
- H01S5/3202—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures grown on specifically orientated substrates, or using orientation dependent growth
- H01S5/320275—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures grown on specifically orientated substrates, or using orientation dependent growth semi-polar orientation
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Description
10a 成長主面
11 n型GaN層(n型半導体層)
12 下部クラッド層(n型半導体層)
13 下部ガイド層(n型半導体層)
14 活性層
14a 井戸層
14b 障壁層
15 キャリアブロック層(p型半導体層)
16 上部ガイド層(p型半導体層)
17 上部クラッド層(p型半導体層)
18 コンタクト層(p型半導体層)
19 リッジ部
20 絶縁層
21 p側電極
22 n側電極
23 メタライズ層
30 共振器面
30a 光出射面
30b 光反射面
100 窒化物半導体レーザ素子(窒化物半導体発光素子)
110 サブマウント
120 ステム
130 ワイヤ
135 キャップ
150 半導体レーザ装置(半導体光学装置)
Claims (11)
- 成長主面を有する窒化物半導体基板と、
前記窒化物半導体基板の成長主面上に成長された窒化物半導体層とを備え、
前記成長主面は、m面に対して、a軸方向およびc軸方向の各方向にオフ角度を有する面からなり、
前記a軸方向のオフ角度は、0.1度より大きく、かつ、10度以下であり、
前記a軸方向のオフ角度は前記c軸方向のオフ角度より大きく構成されているとともに、前記a軸方向のオフ角度および前記c軸方向のオフ角度は、それぞれ、絶対値で0.1度より大きく、
前記窒化物半導体層は、量子井戸構造からなる活性層を含むとともに、前記活性層はInを含む窒化物半導体からなる井戸層を有し、前記井戸層のIn組成比が0.15以上0.45以下であることを特徴とする、窒化物半導体発光素子。 - 前記井戸層のIn組成比が0.20以上0.45以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の窒化物半導体発光素子。
- 前記a軸方向のオフ角度は、1度より大きく、かつ、10度以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の窒化物半導体発光素子。
- 前記窒化物半導体層は、量子井戸構造からなる活性層を含み、
前記活性層は、1層の井戸層を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の窒化物半導体発光素子。 - 前記窒化物半導体層は、量子井戸構造からなる活性層を含み、
前記活性層は、2層の井戸層を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の窒化物半導体発光素子。 - 前記窒化物半導体基板は、GaNからなることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の窒化物半導体発光素子。
- m面に対してa軸方向およびc軸方向の各方向にオフ角度を有する面からなる成長主面を有し、前記a軸方向のオフ角度が前記c軸方向のオフ角度より大きい窒化物半導体基板を準備する工程と、
前記窒化物半導体基板の成長主面上に、エピタキシャル成長法を用いて、n型半導体層、活性層およびp型半導体層を含む窒化物半導体層を積層する工程とを備え、
前記窒化物半導体層を積層する工程は、前記窒化物半導体基板側から順に、n型半導体層、活性層およびp型半導体層を形成する工程を含み、
前記活性層を形成する工程は、In組成比が0.15以上0.45以下である井戸層を形成する工程を有し、
前記a軸方向のオフ角度は、0.1度より大きく、かつ、10度以下であるとともに、前記a軸方向のオフ角度および前記c軸方向のオフ角度が、それぞれ、絶対値で0.1度より大きいことを特徴とする、窒化物半導体発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記窒化物半導体層を積層する工程は、前記p型半導体層を、700℃以上であって、900℃より低い成長温度で形成する工程を含むことを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の窒化物半導体発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記窒化物半導体層を積層する工程は、前記n型半導体層を、900℃以上であって、1300℃より低い成長温度で形成する工程を含むことを特徴とする、請求項7または8に記載の窒化物半導体発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記窒化物半導体層を積層する工程は、前記活性層を、600℃以上770℃以下の成長温度で形成する工程を含むことを特徴とする、請求項7〜9のいずれか1項に記載の窒化物半導体発光素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の窒化物半導体発光素子を備えることを特徴とする、半導体光学装置。
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JP2009079943A JP5004989B2 (ja) | 2009-03-27 | 2009-03-27 | 窒化物半導体発光素子及びその製造方法、並びに、半導体光学装置 |
US12/659,911 US8664688B2 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2010-03-25 | Nitride semiconductor light-emitting chip, method of manufacture thereof, and semiconductor optical device |
CN2010101440532A CN101847823B (zh) | 2009-03-27 | 2010-03-29 | 氮化物半导体发光芯片、其制造方法以及半导体光学装置 |
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