JP4933490B2 - 衛星位置決め基準システムおよび方法 - Google Patents
衛星位置決め基準システムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4933490B2 JP4933490B2 JP2008143240A JP2008143240A JP4933490B2 JP 4933490 B2 JP4933490 B2 JP 4933490B2 JP 2008143240 A JP2008143240 A JP 2008143240A JP 2008143240 A JP2008143240 A JP 2008143240A JP 4933490 B2 JP4933490 B2 JP 4933490B2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
- G01S5/0045—Transmission from base station to mobile station
- G01S5/0054—Transmission from base station to mobile station of actual mobile position, i.e. position calculation on base station
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/03—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
- G01S19/05—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing aiding data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/03—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
- G01S19/05—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing aiding data
- G01S19/06—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing aiding data employing an initial estimate of the location of the receiver as aiding data or in generating aiding data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/03—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
- G01S19/07—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing data for correcting measured positioning data, e.g. DGPS [differential GPS] or ionosphere corrections
- G01S19/071—DGPS corrections
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/03—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
- G01S19/09—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing processing capability normally carried out by the receiver
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
- G01S5/0018—Transmission from mobile station to base station
- G01S5/0036—Transmission from mobile station to base station of measured values, i.e. measurement on mobile and position calculation on base station
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
- G01S5/009—Transmission of differential positioning data to mobile
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03J—TUNING RESONANT CIRCUITS; SELECTING RESONANT CIRCUITS
- H03J7/00—Automatic frequency control; Automatic scanning over a band of frequencies
- H03J7/02—Automatic frequency control
- H03J7/04—Automatic frequency control where the frequency control is accomplished by varying the electrical characteristics of a non-mechanically adjustable element or where the nature of the frequency controlling element is not significant
- H03J7/047—Automatic frequency control using an auxiliary signal, e.g. low frequency scanning of the locking range or superimposing a special signal on the input signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/03—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
- G01S19/10—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing dedicated supplementary positioning signals
- G01S19/11—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing dedicated supplementary positioning signals wherein the cooperating elements are pseudolites or satellite radio beacon positioning system signal repeaters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
- G01S19/25—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS
- G01S19/252—Employing an initial estimate of location in generating assistance data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
- G01S19/25—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS
- G01S19/254—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS relating to Doppler shift of satellite signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
- G01S19/25—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS
- G01S19/256—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS relating to timing, e.g. time of week, code phase, timing offset
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
- G01S19/25—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS
- G01S19/258—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS relating to the satellite constellation, e.g. almanac, ephemeris data, lists of satellites in view
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/40—Correcting position, velocity or attitude
- G01S19/41—Differential correction, e.g. DGPS [differential GPS]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S2205/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S2205/001—Transmission of position information to remote stations
- G01S2205/008—Transmission of position information to remote stations using a mobile telephone network
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
- G01S5/0045—Transmission from base station to mobile station
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
Description
本発明は、衛星位置決めシステム基準システムのための方法および装置を提供する。
本発明は、同じ参照番号は同じ要素を示す添付図面の図において限定ではなく例示により示されている。
本発明は、後述される方法でディジタル処理システムによる使用のための衛星天体暦データのような衛星ナビゲーションメッセージの少なくとも一部を供給するSPS基準受信機のネットワークを提供する。この基準システムに関するいろいろの詳細を説明する前に、この基準受信機が一般的に使用される状況を説明することは有用である。したがって、図1、図2および図3のAを参照する予備論議は、本発明のシステムのSPS基準受信機のネットワークを論議する前に行われる。
Claims (13)
- 衛星位置情報を処理するためのシステムであって、
通信媒体、
第一の既知位置を有し及び前記通信媒体に連結される第一の通信インターフェイスを有する第一の衛星位置決めシステム(SPS)基準受信機、ここで、前記第一のSPS基準受信機は、該第一のSPS基準受信機の視界内の第一群の複数のSPS衛星から受信された第一の衛星天体暦データセットと、前記第一群の複数のSPS衛星への複数の第一の擬似距離とを前記通信媒体に送信し、
第二の既知位置を有し及び前記通信媒体に連結される第二の通信インターフェイスを有する第二のSPS基準受信機、ここで、前記第二のSPS基準受信機は、該第二のSPS基準受信機の視界内の第二群の複数のSPS衛星から受信された第二の衛星天体暦データセットと、前記第二群の複数のSPS衛星への複数の第二の擬似距離とを前記通信媒体に送信し、及び
前記第一の衛星天体暦データセット及び前記複数の第一の擬似距離と、前記第二の衛星天体暦データセット及び前記複数の第二の擬似距離とを受信し、前記第一の衛星天体暦データセットと前記第二の衛星天体暦データセットとのうち最新の衛星天体暦データからなるセットを用いて、前記複数の第一の擬似距離及び前記複数の第二の擬似距離の複数の訂正データを得、及び移動体SPS受信機のための位置情報のナビゲーション解を決定するために前記移動体SPS受信機に、前記複数の訂正データを含む衛星情報を供するための、前記通信媒体に連結された第一のディジタル処理システム、
を含み、
前記移動体SPS受信機は、前記衛星情報を受信し、前記衛星情報を前記移動体SPS受信機に供する無線セルラ受信機に結合される、システム。 - 前記通信媒体は、パケットデータネットワークを具備し、及び前記第一の通信インターフェイスと前記第二の通信インターフェイスは、パケットデータ形式の前記第一の衛星天体暦データセットと前記第二の衛星天体暦データセットをそれぞれ供する、請求項1のシステム。
- 前記第一のSPS基準受信機は、前記第一群のSPS衛星への前記複数の第一の擬似距離に関する複数の第一の訂正データを前記通信媒体に送信し、前記第二のSPS基準受信機は前記第二群のSPS衛星への前記複数の第二の擬似距離に関する複数の第二の訂正データを前記通信媒体に送信する、請求項1のシステム。
- 前記第一のディジタル処理システムは、前記複数の第一の訂正データ及び前記複数の第二の訂正データを受信し、及び前記第一及び第2の訂正データを訂正して、前記通信媒体に送信される前記複数の訂正データとして供する、請求項3のシステム。
- 前記衛星情報は、前記移動体SPS受信機の視界内の衛星に関する衛星天体暦データと、視界内の前記衛星に関するドップラー予測データと、衛星暦データとのうちの少なくとも1つを含み、前記移動体SPS受信機の視界内の衛星に関する前記衛星天体暦データは、前記第一の衛星天体暦データセットと前記第二の衛星天体暦データセットのなかから得られる請求項1のシステム。
- 前記移動体SPS受信機は、前記ナビゲーション解を決定する、請求項5のシステム。
- 前記移動体SPS受信機の視界内の衛星に関する前記衛星天体暦データは、前記第一の衛星天体暦データセットと前記第二の衛星天体暦データセットのなかから、前記移動体SPS受信機との間にセルベース無線通信リンクを設定したセルサイトから決定された前記移動体SPS受信機の近似位置に基づき得られる、請求項5のシステム。
- 衛星位置情報を処理するためのシステムであって、
通信媒体と、
第一の既知位置を有し及び前記通信媒体に連結される第一の通信インターフェイスを有する第一の衛星位置決めシステム(SPS)基準受信機、ここで、前記第一のSPS基準受信機は、該第一のSPS基準受信機の視界内の第一群の複数のSPS衛星から受信された第一の衛星天体暦データセットと、前記第一群の複数のSPS衛星への複数の第一の擬似距離とを前記通信媒体に送信し、
第二の既知位置を有し及び前記通信媒体に連結される第二の通信インターフェイスを有する第二のSPS基準受信機、ここで、前記第二のSPS基準受信機は、該第二のSPS基準受信機の視界内の第二群の複数のSPS衛星から受信された第二の衛星天体暦データセットと、前記第二群の複数のSPS衛星への複数の第二の擬似距離とを前記通信媒体に送信し、及び
前記第一の衛星天体暦データセット及び前記複数の第一の擬似距離と、前記第二の衛星天体暦データセット及び前記複数の第二の擬似距離とを受信し、前記第一の衛星天体暦データセットと前記第二の天体暦データセットとのうち最新の衛星天体暦データからなるセットを用いて、前記複数の第一の擬似距離及び前記複数の第二の擬似距離の複数の訂正データを得、及び移動体SPS受信機のための位置情報のナビゲーション解を決定するために前記移動体SPS受信機に、前記複数の訂正データを含む衛星情報を供するための、前記通信媒体に連結された第1のディジタル処理システム、
を含み、
前記移動体SPS受信機は、前記衛星情報を受信し、及び前記衛星情報を前記移動体SPS受信機に供する無線セルラ受信機に連結され、及び前記移動体SPS受信機は前記移動体SPS受信機により決定された擬似距離から位置の解を決定するシステム。 - 前記通信媒体は、パケットデータネットワークを具備し、及び前記第一の通信インターフェイスと前記第二の通信インターフェイスは、パケットデータ形式の前記第一の衛星天体暦データセットと前記第二の衛星天体暦データセットを各々供する、請求項8のシステム。
- 前記第一のSPS基準受信機は、前記第一群の複数のSPS衛星への前記複数の第一の擬似距離に関する複数の第一の訂正データを前記通信媒体に送信し、前記第二のSPS基準受信機は、前記第二群の複数のSPS衛星への前記複数の第二の擬似距離に関する複数の第二の訂正データを前記通信媒体に送信する、請求項8のシステム。
- 前記第一のディジタル処理システムは、前記第一の訂正データ及び前記第二の訂正データを受信し、及び前記第一の訂正データ及び第二の訂正データを訂正して前記通信媒体に送信される訂正された第一及び第二の訂正データを供する、請求項10のシステム。
- 前記衛星情報は、前記移動体SPS受信機の視界内の衛星に関する衛星天体暦データと、視界内の前記衛星に関するドップラー予測データと、衛星暦データとのうちの少なくとも1つを含み、前記移動体SPS受信機の視界内の衛星に関する前記衛星天体暦データは、前記第一の衛星天体暦データセットと前記第二の衛星天体暦データセットのなかから得られる、請求項8のシステム。
- 前記移動体SPS受信機の視界内の衛星に関する前記衛星天体暦データは、前記第一の衛星天体暦データセットと前記第二の衛星天体暦データセットのなかから、前記移動体SPS受信機との間にセルベース無線通信リンクを設定したセルサイトから決定された前記移動体SPS受信機の近似位置に基づき選択される、請求項12のシステム。
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CN1252490C (zh) | 2006-04-19 |
JP2008268225A (ja) | 2008-11-06 |
US6215441B1 (en) | 2001-04-10 |
AU4181299A (en) | 1999-11-16 |
JP5518770B2 (ja) | 2014-06-11 |
EP1075665B1 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
ATE458202T1 (de) | 2010-03-15 |
KR100644112B1 (ko) | 2006-11-10 |
WO1999056145A1 (en) | 1999-11-04 |
JP2011137833A (ja) | 2011-07-14 |
JP2002513159A (ja) | 2002-05-08 |
DE69942023D1 (de) | 2010-04-01 |
HK1036106A1 (en) | 2001-12-21 |
ID27876A (id) | 2001-05-03 |
JP2010133966A (ja) | 2010-06-17 |
IL139253A0 (en) | 2001-11-25 |
CA2330575A1 (en) | 1999-11-04 |
BR9909982B1 (pt) | 2014-11-25 |
JP2014059323A (ja) | 2014-04-03 |
FI109842B (fi) | 2002-10-15 |
KR20010052274A (ko) | 2001-06-25 |
CN1307683A (zh) | 2001-08-08 |
FI20002356A (fi) | 2000-12-22 |
CA2330575C (en) | 2009-06-09 |
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