JP4931387B2 - Optical resonator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical functional element, and more particularly to an optical functional element that detects weak light.

Conventionally, as a method of detecting weak light, there is a method of accelerating and amplifying free electrons generated in a substance by light absorption of the substance and detecting this as a current (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). ).
Jin-Wei et al. “Design and Analysis of Separation-Absorption-Transport-Charge-Multiplication Traveling-Wave Avalanche Photodetectors” JOURNAL OFLIGHTHAVELOW 22, NO. 6, JUNE 2004

  However, in the conventional method, the detection efficiency is limited by the quantum efficiency of light absorption, dark current, and excessive noise in the photomultiplication process. Further, since light is absorbed in the detection process, there is an essential problem that the detected light cannot be used for subsequent processing.

  Furthermore, the detectable frequency range (wavelength range) is limited to some extent by the original physical quantity of the substance that absorbs light, and there is a problem that the detectable frequency range cannot be set freely.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an optical functional element that improves detection efficiency, does not absorb light, and can improve the freedom of setting a detectable frequency range.

The present invention comprises a two-dimensional photonic crystal in which holes of a low refractive material are arranged in a lattice pattern on a slab of a high refractive index material, by locally disturbing the periodicity of the holes , and two λ1 and λ2 an optical resonator having a resonance wavelength, divided into 2 or 3 pieces of the plurality of units in the slab surface and parallel to the plane, so that one optical resonator across between said plurality of units is configured Place and
Spatially for the remaining unit one unit of the plurality of units by confining by irradiating light of resonance wavelength of the λ1 or λ2 in optical resonator constituted across between said plurality of units To generate the radiation pressure to change,
A transition detecting means for detecting a transition of the one unit ;
An optical functional element that detects light of the resonance wavelength from a shift amount detected by the shift detection means ,
The radiation pressure is an attractive force when the light of the resonance mode λ1 of the resonance mode in which the plurality of units are confined in the same phase, and the resonance in the resonance mode in which the light is confined in the opposite phase. When light of wavelength λ2 is irradiated, it is repulsive,
The transition detection means detects a transition in a direction perpendicular to the divided plane with respect to the remaining units of the one divided unit, thereby improving detection efficiency and setting a frequency range that can be detected without light absorption. Can be improved.

Further, the present invention is configured by locally disturbing the periodicity of the holes in a two-dimensional photonic crystal in which holes of a low refractive material are arranged in a lattice pattern on a slab of a high refractive index material , and λ1 and λ2 An optical resonator having two resonance wavelengths is divided into two units in a plane perpendicular to the slab surface and passing through the optical resonator, and one optical resonator is provided between the two units. Arranged to be composed,
The optical resonator formed between the two units is confined by irradiating light with the resonance wavelength of λ1 or λ2 to confine one of the two units with respect to the remaining units. Generating a radiation pressure that changes
A transition detecting means for detecting a transition of the one unit ;
An optical functional element that detects light of the resonance wavelength from a shift amount detected by the shift detection means ,
The radiation pressure is an attractive force when the two units emit light having a resonance wavelength λ1 in a resonance mode in which light is confined in the same phase, and a resonance mode in which the two units are confined in opposite phases. Is a repulsive force when irradiated with light having a resonance wavelength λ2.
The transition detection means detects a transition in a direction perpendicular to the divided plane with respect to the remaining units of the one divided unit, thereby improving detection efficiency and setting a frequency range that can be detected without light absorption. Can be improved.

In the optical functional element,
Any of a plurality of units obtained by dividing the slab of the two-dimensional photonic crystal by a plane parallel to the slab surface may not have the optical resonator structure.

  According to the present invention, the detection efficiency is improved, there is no light absorption, and the degree of freedom in setting a detectable frequency range can be improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
1A and 1B are a plan view and a side view of a first embodiment of an optical functional element of the present invention. In the plan view of FIG. 1A, a triangular lattice air hole two-dimensional photonic crystal 10 is provided with air holes 14 arranged in a triangular lattice shape in a silicon slab 12 which is a high refractive index material having an air bridge structure. It is. The air holes 14 are not limited to air, and may be filled with a material such as glass or polymer having a lower refractive index than the material of the slab 12, and hereinafter simply referred to as “air holes”.

  The photonic crystal 10 indicates a structure in which the refractive index is periodically modulated. By using this, an optical resonator having a very small size and strong confinement, that is, a high Q (Quality Factor) can be realized.

  The optical resonator 16 widens the air holes adjacent to both ends in the X-axis direction of the five-point defect (deletion of five air holes) extending in the X-axis direction so as to be separated from the five-point defect. At the same time, the diameter is reduced. The optical resonator 16 has, for example, two resonance modes (resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2), and input light that matches the resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2 is transferred to the slab 12 in the optical resonator 16 portion shown in FIG. On the other hand, when irradiated from the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), the input light having the resonance wavelength is accumulated in the optical resonator 16. The optical resonator 16 only needs to have at least a resonance mode having a resonance wavelength λ1.

  As shown in the side view of FIG. 1B, the photonic crystal 10 is cut along a plane (XY plane) orthogonal to the Z axis at the approximate center position of the slab 12 on the Z axis. It is divided into two units 10b. The optical resonator 16 is configured across the first unit 10a and the second unit 10b.

  The second unit 10b is fixed to a base portion (not shown). A micro transition sensor 18 is installed facing the first unit 10a. FIG. 1B shows a state in which the first unit 10a is separated from the second unit 10b in the Z direction. The minute change sensor 18 is installed at a position where the output laser beam does not enter the optical resonator 16.

  In the present embodiment, the lattice constant of the photonic crystal 10 is 400 nm, the diameter of the air hole 14 is 210 nm, and the slab thickness of each of the first unit 10a and the second unit 10b is 100 nm.

  When the distance L = 90 nm in which the first unit 10a and the second unit 10b are separated in the Z direction, the Q value of the optical resonator 16 is about 150,000. For this reason, the light of the resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2 confined in the optical resonator 16 has a strong electromagnetic field strength inside the optical resonator 16, and the radiation pressure on the first unit 10a and the second unit 10b existing close to each other is Increasing in size, the first unit 10a causes a spatial shift with respect to the second unit 10b. Here, when the distance L changes from 90 nm to the distance L = 0 nm, the Q value changes from 150,000 to 180000 while maintaining a high value.

  Here, the direction of the force received by the first unit 10 a and the second unit 10 b from the radiation pressure is an attractive force or a repulsive force depending on the resonance mode of the optical resonator 16. In the first resonance mode (resonance wavelength λ1) in which light is confined in the same phase in the optical resonators 16 of the first unit 10a and the second unit 10b, the radiation pressure is attractive.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, when the optical resonator 16 is irradiated with light having a resonance wavelength λ1 from the direction perpendicular to the slab 12 (Z-axis direction) in a state where the distance L is 90 nm, this light is emitted from the resonator 16. The first unit 10a shifts up to 90 nm in the direction approaching the second unit 10b according to the light intensity of the irradiated light having the resonance wavelength λ1.

  The minute change sensor 18 irradiates the first unit 10a with laser light, and detects the amount of change of the first unit 10a by observing the interference pattern between the reflected light and the irradiated light from the first unit 10a. The amount of change of the first unit 10a increases as the light intensity of the light having the resonance wavelength λ1 increases, and the light and light intensity of the resonance wavelength λ1 can be detected from the amount of change.

<Second Embodiment>
2A and 2B show a plan view and a side view of a second embodiment of the optical functional element of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. In the plan view of FIG. 2A, the triangular lattice air hole two-dimensional photonic crystal 10 is provided with air holes 14 arranged in a triangular lattice shape in a silicon slab 12 that is a high refractive index material of an air bridge structure. It is.

  The photonic crystal 10 indicates a structure in which the refractive index is periodically modulated. By using this, an optical resonator having a very small size and strong confinement, that is, a high Q (Quality Factor) can be realized.

  The optical resonator 16 widens the air holes adjacent to both ends in the X-axis direction of the five-point defect (deletion of five air holes) extending in the X-axis direction so as to be separated from the five-point defect. In addition, the diameter is reduced. The optical resonator 16 has, for example, two resonance modes (resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2), and input light that matches the resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2 is transferred to the slab 12 in the optical resonator 16 portion shown in FIG. On the other hand, when irradiated from the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), the input light having the resonance wavelength is accumulated in the optical resonator 16. The optical resonator 16 only needs to have at least a resonance mode having a resonance wavelength λ2.

  As shown in the side view of FIG. 2B, the photonic crystal 10 is cut along a plane (XY plane) orthogonal to the Z axis at the approximate center position of the slab 12 on the Z axis, It is divided into two units 10b. The optical resonator 16 is configured across the first unit 10a and the second unit 10b.

  The second unit 10b is fixed to a base portion (not shown). A micro transition sensor 18 and a laser light source 20 are installed facing the first unit 10a. FIG. 2B shows a state in which the first unit 10a is separated from the second unit 10b in the Z direction. The minute transition sensor 18 and the laser light source 20 are installed at positions where the output laser beams do not interfere with each other and do not enter the optical resonator 16.

  In the present embodiment, the lattice constant of the photonic crystal 10 is 400 nm, the diameter of the air hole 14 is 210 nm, and the slab thickness of each of the first unit 10a and the second unit 10b is 100 nm.

  When the distance L between the first unit 10a and the second unit 10b is 90 nm, the Q value of the optical resonator 16 is about 150,000. For this reason, the light of the resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2 confined in the optical resonator 16 has a strong electromagnetic field strength inside the optical resonator 16, and the radiation pressure on the first unit 10a and the second unit 10b existing close to each other is Increasing in size, the first unit 10a causes a spatial shift with respect to the second unit 10b. Here, when the distance L changes from 90 nm to the distance L = 0 nm, the Q value changes from 150,000 to 180000 while maintaining a high value.

  Here, the direction of the force received by the first unit 10 a and the second unit 10 b from the radiation pressure is an attractive force or a repulsive force depending on the resonance mode of the optical resonator 16. In the second resonance mode (resonance wavelength λ2) in which light is confined in the opposite phase in the optical resonators 16 of the first unit 10a and the second unit 10b, the radiation pressure is repulsive.

  When the optical resonator 16 is irradiated with light having a resonance wavelength λ2 from the direction perpendicular to the slab 12 (Z-axis direction) in a state where the distance L = 0 nm, this light is confined in the resonator 16 and the first unit 10a The direction is shifted away from the second unit 10b according to the light intensity of the irradiated light having the resonance wavelength λ2. At this time, the first unit 10a is irradiated from the laser light source 20 to apply a radiation pressure to the first unit 10a, and the first unit 10a is stationary by the minute change sensor 18 while increasing the laser light sequentially from 0, for example. Detect whether or not. The minute change sensor 18 irradiates the first unit 10a with laser light, and detects the amount of change of the first unit 10a by observing the interference pattern between the reflected light and the irradiated light from the first unit 10a.

  When the radiation pressure received by the first unit 10a by the laser light output from the laser light source 20 and the repulsive force generated by confining the light having the resonance wavelength λ2 in the optical resonator 16 are balanced, the first unit 10 is stationary, and the minute change sensor. The light of the resonance wavelength λ 2 and the light intensity can be detected from the light intensity of the output laser light of the laser light source 20 at the time when the stationary state of the first unit 10 is detected at 18.

<Third Embodiment>
3A and 3B show a plan view and a side view of a third embodiment of the optical functional device of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. In the plan view of FIG. 3A, the triangular lattice air hole two-dimensional photonic crystal 10 is provided with air holes 14 arranged in a triangular lattice shape in a silicon slab 12 which is a high refractive index material having an air bridge structure. It is.

  The photonic crystal 10 indicates a structure in which the refractive index is periodically modulated. By using this, an optical resonator having a very small size and strong confinement, that is, a high Q (Quality Factor) can be realized.

  The optical resonator 16 widens the air holes adjacent to both ends in the X-axis direction of the five-point defect (deletion of five air holes) extending in the X-axis direction so as to be separated from the five-point defect. In addition, the diameter is reduced. The optical resonator 16 has, for example, two resonance modes (resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2), and input light that matches the resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2 is transferred to the slab 12 in the optical resonator 16 portion shown in FIG. On the other hand, when irradiated from the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), the input light having the resonance wavelength is accumulated in the optical resonator 16. The optical resonator 16 only needs to have at least a resonance mode having a resonance wavelength λ1.

  As shown in the side view of FIG. 3B, the photonic crystal 10 is cut along a plane (XY plane) orthogonal to the Z axis, and is divided into a first unit 10c, a second unit 10d, and a third unit 10e. Has been. In addition, the optical resonator 16 is comprised ranging over the 1st unit 10c, the 2nd unit 10d, and the 3rd unit 10e.

  The third unit 10e is fixed to a base portion (not shown). A micro transition sensor 18 is installed facing the first unit 10c. FIG. 3B shows a state in which the first unit 10c, the second unit 10d, and the third unit 10e are separated from each other in the Z direction. The minute change sensor 18 is installed at a position where the output laser beam does not enter the optical resonator 16.

  In this embodiment, the lattice constant of the photonic crystal 10 is 400 nm, the diameter of the air hole 14 is 210 nm, the slab thickness of each of the first unit 10c and the third unit 10e is 80 nm, and the slab thickness of the second unit 10d is 40 nm. .

  The light having the resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2 confined in the optical resonator 16 has a strong electromagnetic field strength inside the optical resonator 16, and the radiation pressure with respect to the first to third units 10c to 10e existing close to each other increases. The first unit 10c causes a spatial shift with respect to the third unit 10e, and the Q value changes from 150,000 to 180000 while maintaining a high value.

  Here, the direction of the force received by the first to third units 10 c to 10 e from the radiation pressure is an attractive force or a repulsive force depending on the resonance mode of the optical resonator 16. In the first resonance mode (resonance wavelength λ1) where light is confined in the same phase in the optical resonators 16 of the first to third units 10c to 10e, the radiation pressure is attractive.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, with the first to third units 10c to 10e being separated from each other, the optical resonator 16 is irradiated with light having the resonance wavelength λ1 from the direction perpendicular to the slab 12 (Z-axis direction). Then, this light is confined in the resonator 16, and the first and second units 10 c and 10 d are shifted toward the third unit 10 e in accordance with the light intensity of the irradiated light having the resonance wavelength λ1.

  The minute change sensor 18 irradiates the first unit 10c with laser light, and detects the amount of change of the first unit 10c by observing the interference pattern between the reflected light and the irradiated light from the first unit 10c. The amount of change of the first unit 10c increases as the light intensity of the light having the resonance wavelength λ1 increases, and the light and light intensity of the resonance wavelength λ1 can be detected from the amount of change.

<Fourth embodiment>
4A and 4B show a plan view and a side view of a fourth embodiment of the optical functional element of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. In the plan view of FIG. 4A, the triangular lattice air hole two-dimensional photonic crystal 10 is provided with air holes 14 arranged in a triangular lattice shape in a silicon slab 12 which is a high refractive index material having an air bridge structure. It is.

  The photonic crystal 10 indicates a structure in which the refractive index is periodically modulated. By using this, an optical resonator having a very small size and strong confinement, that is, a high Q (Quality Factor) can be realized.

  The optical resonator 16 widens the air holes adjacent to both ends in the X-axis direction of the five-point defect (deletion of five air holes) extending in the X-axis direction so as to be separated from the five-point defect. In addition, the diameter is reduced. The optical resonator 16 has, for example, two resonance modes (resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2), and input light that matches the resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2 is transferred to the slab 12 in the optical resonator 16 portion shown in FIG. On the other hand, when irradiated from the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), the input light having the resonance wavelength is accumulated in the optical resonator 16. The optical resonator 16 only needs to have at least a resonance mode having a resonance wavelength λ1.

  As shown in the side view of FIG. 4B, the photonic crystal 10 is cut along a plane (XY plane) orthogonal to the Z axis at a substantially central position of the slab 12 on the Z axis, It is divided into two units 10f. The optical resonator 16 is formed only in the first unit 10a and is not formed in the second unit 10f.

  The second unit 10f is fixed to a base portion (not shown). A micro transition sensor 18 is installed facing the first unit 10a. FIG. 4B shows a state in which the first unit 10a is separated from the second unit 10f in the Z direction. The minute change sensor 18 is installed at a position where the output laser beam does not enter the optical resonator 16.

  In the present embodiment, the lattice constant of the photonic crystal 10 is 400 nm, the diameter of the air hole 14 is 210 nm, and the slab thickness of each of the first unit 10a and the second unit 10f is 100 nm.

  When the distance L = 90 nm in which the first unit 10a and the second unit 10f are separated in the Z direction, the Q value of the optical resonator 16 is about 150,000. For this reason, the light of the resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2 confined in the optical resonator 16 has a strong electromagnetic field strength inside the optical resonator 16, and the radiation pressure on the first unit 10a and the second unit 10f that are close to each other is Increasing in size, the first unit 10a causes a spatial shift with respect to the second unit 10f. Here, when the distance L changes from 90 nm to the distance L = 0 nm, the Q value changes from 150,000 to 180000 while maintaining a high value.

Here, the direction of the force which the first unit 10a and the second unit 10f receives from the radiation pressure, ing the attraction or repulsion depending on the resonant mode of the optical resonator 16. In the first resonance mode (resonance wavelength λ1), the radiation pressure is an attractive force.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, when the optical resonator 16 is irradiated with light having a resonance wavelength λ1 from the direction perpendicular to the slab 12 (Z-axis direction) in a state where the distance L is 90 nm, this light is transmitted to the resonator 16. The first unit 10a shifts up to 90 nm in the direction approaching the second unit 10f according to the light intensity of the irradiated light having the resonance wavelength λ1.

  The minute change sensor 18 irradiates the first unit 10a with laser light, and detects the amount of change of the first unit 10a by observing the interference pattern between the reflected light and the irradiated light from the first unit 10a. The amount of change of the first unit 10a increases as the light intensity of the light having the resonance wavelength λ1 increases, and the light and light intensity of the resonance wavelength λ1 can be detected from the amount of change.

<Fifth Embodiment>
FIGS. 5A and 5B are a plan view and a side view of a fifth embodiment of the optical functional element of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. In the plan view of FIG. 5A, the triangular lattice air hole two-dimensional photonic crystal 10 has air holes 14 arranged in a triangular lattice shape in a silicon slab 12 which is a high refractive index material of an air bridge structure. It is.

  The photonic crystal 10 indicates a structure in which the refractive index is periodically modulated. By using this, an optical resonator having a very small size and strong confinement, that is, a high Q (Quality Factor) can be realized.

  The optical resonator 16 widens the air holes adjacent to both ends in the X-axis direction of the five-point defect (deletion of five air holes) extending in the X-axis direction so as to be separated from the five-point defect. At the same time, the diameter is reduced. The optical resonator 16 has, for example, two resonance modes (resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2), and input light that matches the resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2 is transferred to the slab 12 in the optical resonator 16 portion shown in FIG. On the other hand, when irradiated from the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), the input light having the resonance wavelength is accumulated in the optical resonator 16. The optical resonator 16 only needs to have at least a resonance mode having a resonance wavelength λ1.

  As shown in the side view of FIG. 5B, the photonic crystal 10 is cut along a plane (YZ plane) orthogonal to the X axis at the center position of the optical resonator 16, for example, on the X axis. And the fifth unit 10h. The optical resonator 16 is configured to straddle the fourth unit 10g and the fifth unit 10h. By the way, the cut surface for cutting the fourth unit 10g and the fifth unit 10h may be a plane (XZ plane) orthogonal to the Y axis at the center position of the optical resonator 16, for example.

  The fifth unit 10h is fixed to a base portion (not shown). A micro transition sensor 18 is installed facing the fourth unit 10g. FIG. 5B shows a state where the fourth unit 10g is separated from the fifth unit 10h in the X direction. The minute change sensor 18 is installed at a position where the output laser beam does not enter the optical resonator 16.

  In the present embodiment, the lattice constant of the photonic crystal 10 is 400 nm, the diameter of the air hole 14 is 210 nm, and the slab thickness of each of the fourth unit 10g and the fifth unit 10h is 200 nm.

  When the distance L = 90 nm in which the fourth unit 10g and the fifth unit 10h are separated in the X direction, the Q value of the optical resonator 16 is about 150,000. For this reason, the light having the resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2 confined in the optical resonator 16 has a strong electromagnetic field strength inside the optical resonator 16, and the radiation pressure on the fourth unit 10g and the fifth unit 10h that are present in close proximity is as follows. The fourth unit 10g causes a spatial shift with respect to the fifth unit 10h. Here, when the distance L changes from 90 nm to the distance L = 0 nm, the Q value changes from 150,000 to 180000 while maintaining a high value.

  Here, the direction of the force received by the fourth unit 10 g and the fifth unit 10 h from the radiation pressure is an attractive force or a repulsive force depending on the resonance mode of the optical resonator 16. In the first resonance mode (resonance wavelength λ1) in which light is confined in the same phase in the optical resonators 16 of the fourth unit 10g and the fifth unit 10h, the radiation pressure is attractive.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, when the optical resonator 16 is irradiated with light having a resonance wavelength λ1 from the direction perpendicular to the slab 12 (Z-axis direction) in a state where the distance L is 90 nm, this light is emitted from the resonator 16. The fourth unit 10g shifts up to 90 nm in a direction approaching the fifth unit 10h according to the light intensity of the irradiated light having the resonance wavelength λ1.

  The minute change sensor 18 irradiates the fourth unit 10g with laser light, and detects the amount of change of the fourth unit 10g by observing the interference pattern between the reflected light and the irradiated light from the fourth unit 10g. The amount of change of the fourth unit 10g increases as the light intensity of the light having the resonance wavelength λ1 increases, and the light and light intensity of the resonance wavelength λ1 can be detected from the amount of change.

  In this way, since the light and its light intensity are detected using the radiation pressure of the light confined in the optical resonator 16 having a high Q value, the detection efficiency is improved and there is no light absorption. It can be used for processing. Further, since the optical resonator 16 can change the resonance mode relatively freely by changing the number of defects, the width of the air holes adjacent to the defects, the diameter of the air holes adjacent to the defects, and the like. The degree of freedom in setting the detectable frequency range can be increased.

  In the above embodiment, the input light matching the resonance wavelength is irradiated from the direction perpendicular to the slab. However, the two-dimensional photonic crystal 10 is provided with an optical waveguide coupled to the resonator 16 to guide the input light. A configuration in which the signal is input from the waveguide to the resonator 16 may be employed. Also, the description has been given using the slab 12 of the two-dimensional photonic crystal 10, but also in the optical resonator formed in the three-dimensional photonic crystal, the resonance wavelength can be tuned by adjusting the design of the resonator, It is possible to detect the light confined by the transition of the portion.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the slab of the silicon photonic crystal is used has been described. However, the same effect can be obtained when another material such as GaAs or another structure such as a three-dimensional photonic crystal is used. It is done. Furthermore, the same effect can be expected for a whispering gallery mode optical resonator other than the photonic crystal based optical resonator.

  The minute change sensor 18 corresponds to the shift means described in the claims, and the laser light source 20 corresponds to the reverse force generation means.

It is the top view and side view of 1st Embodiment of the optical function element of this invention. It is the top view and side view of 2nd Embodiment of the optical function element of this invention. It is the top view and side view of 3rd Embodiment of the optical function element of this invention. It is the top view and side view of 4th Embodiment of the optical function element of this invention. It is the top view and side view of 5th Embodiment of the optical function element of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Photonic crystal 10a, 10c 1st unit 10b, 10d, 10f 2nd unit 10e 3rd unit 10g 4th unit 10h 5th unit 12 Slab 14 Air hole 16 Optical resonator 18 Minute displacement sensor 20 Laser light source

Claims (4)

A two-dimensional photonic crystal in which holes of a low-refractive material are arranged in a lattice pattern on a slab of a high-refractive index material is configured by locally disturbing the periodicity of the holes, and has two resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2. The optical resonator is divided into two or three units in a plane parallel to the slab surface, and arranged so that one optical resonator is formed across the plurality of units.
One of the plurality of units is spatially separated from the remaining units by irradiating and confining light having a resonance wavelength of λ1 or λ2 to an optical resonator formed between the plurality of units. To generate the radiation pressure to change,
A transition detecting means for detecting a transition of the one unit;
An optical functional element that detects light of the resonance wavelength from a shift amount detected by the shift detection means,
The radiation pressure is an attractive force when the light of the resonance mode λ1 of the resonance mode in which the plurality of units are confined in the same phase, and the resonance in the resonance mode in which the light is confined in the opposite phase. When light of wavelength λ2 is irradiated, it is repulsive,
The optical detection element, wherein the transition detection unit detects a transition in a direction perpendicular to the divided plane with respect to the remaining units of the one divided unit. A two-dimensional photonic crystal in which holes of a low-refractive material are arranged in a lattice pattern on a slab of a high-refractive index material is configured by locally disturbing the periodicity of the holes, and has two resonance wavelengths λ1 and λ2. The optical resonator is divided into two units on a plane perpendicular to the slab surface and passing through the optical resonator, and arranged so that one optical resonator is formed across the two units. ,
The optical resonator formed between the two units is confined by irradiating light with the resonance wavelength of λ1 or λ2 to confine one of the two units with respect to the remaining units. Generating a radiation pressure that changes
A transition detecting means for detecting a transition of the one unit;
An optical functional element that detects light of the resonance wavelength from a shift amount detected by the shift detection means,
The radiation pressure is an attractive force when the two units emit light having a resonance wavelength λ1 in a resonance mode in which light is confined in the same phase, and a resonance mode in which the two units are confined in opposite phases. Is a repulsive force when irradiated with light having a resonance wavelength λ2.
The optical detection element, wherein the transition detection unit detects a transition in a direction perpendicular to the divided plane with respect to the remaining units of the one divided unit. The optical functional element according to claim 1,
One of the plurality of units obtained by dividing the slab of the two-dimensional photonic crystal by a plane parallel to the slab surface does not have the optical resonator structure. The optical functional element according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The optical resonator is configured such that the periodicity of the hole is locally disturbed by any one of the defect, displacement, or diameter change of the hole, or a combination thereof. Functional element.

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