JP4725056B2 - 発光素子材料および発光素子 - Google Patents
発光素子材料および発光素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4725056B2 JP4725056B2 JP2004251842A JP2004251842A JP4725056B2 JP 4725056 B2 JP4725056 B2 JP 4725056B2 JP 2004251842 A JP2004251842 A JP 2004251842A JP 2004251842 A JP2004251842 A JP 2004251842A JP 4725056 B2 JP4725056 B2 JP 4725056B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- derivatives
- light emitting
- light
- phosphine oxide
- emitting element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 98
- -1 phosphine oxide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 57
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004775 coumarins Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perinone Chemical class C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C(=O)C2=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC=C4C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C13 DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxaline Chemical compound N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical group C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 1,2-bis[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]benzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KLCLIOISYBHYDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,4-triphenylbuta-1,3-dienylbenzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=CC=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KLCLIOISYBHYDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-azabenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=N1 GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical class N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003609 aryl vinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione Chemical class C1=CC(C(=O)NC2=O)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical class C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 2
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical class [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 2
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005041 phenanthrolines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole Chemical class C1=NC2=CC=NC2=C1 RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005255 pyrrolopyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 150000003252 quinoxalines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NZFNXWQNBYZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioridazine hydrochloride Chemical class Cl.C12=CC(SC)=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C2N1CCC1CCCCN1C NZFNXWQNBYZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001651 triphenylamine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLBAYUMRQUHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-naphthyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CN=C21 FLBAYUMRQUHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- CVBUKMMMRLOKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylbutane-1,3-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CVBUKMMMRLOKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWIYUCRMWCHYJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=N1 XWIYUCRMWCHYJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dipyridin-2-ylpyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C=12C=CC3=C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=C(C)N=C3C2=NC(C)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLYPIBBGWLKELC-RMKNXTFCSA-N 2-[2-[(e)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]ethenyl]-6-methylpyran-4-ylidene]propanedinitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C(C)O1 YLYPIBBGWLKELC-RMKNXTFCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HONWGFNQCPRRFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n-(3-methylphenyl)-1-n,1-n,2-n-triphenylbenzene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 HONWGFNQCPRRFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSMJMUQZRGZMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthalen-1-yl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C12=CC=CN=C2C2=NC=CC=C2C2=C1NC(C=1C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=1)=N2 NSMJMUQZRGZMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-n-[4-[4-(n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylaniline Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFNMUZCFSDMZPQ-GHXNOFRVSA-N 7-[(z)-3-methyl-4-(4-methyl-5-oxo-2h-furan-2-yl)but-2-enoxy]chromen-2-one Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC(=O)OC2=CC=1OC/C=C(/C)CC1OC(=O)C(C)=C1 CFNMUZCFSDMZPQ-GHXNOFRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHBQLFWTMLRYKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-prop-2-enylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CC=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 GHBQLFWTMLRYKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- KWHWFTSHDPJOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Deazaflavin Chemical class C1=CC=C2C=C(C(=O)NC(=O)N3)C3=NC2=C1 KWHWFTSHDPJOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ALHBFSJVKDJVPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=[O](c1cc(cccc2)c2c2c1cccc2)(c1cc(cccc2)c2c2c1cccc2)c(c1c2cccc1)cc1c2cccc1 Chemical compound O=[O](c1cc(cccc2)c2c2c1cccc2)(c1cc(cccc2)c2c2c1cccc2)c(c1c2cccc1)cc1c2cccc1 ALHBFSJVKDJVPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Description
"Applied Physics Letters",(米国),1987年,51巻,12号p.913−915
また、本発明は、陽極と陰極の間に少なくとも発光層と電子輸送層が存在し、電気エネルギーにより発光する発光素子であって、上記発光素子材料を含有することを特徴とする発光素子である。
これらの置換基のうち、アリール基とは、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニル基、フェナントリル基、ターフェニル基、ピレニル基などの芳香族炭化水素基を示す。アリール基は、無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。置換されている場合の置換基には特に制限は無く、例えば、アルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基などを挙げることができ、この点は、以下の記載にも共通する。アリール基の炭素数は特に限定されないが、通常、6〜40の範囲である。
次に、本発明における発光素子の実施形態について例をあげて詳細に説明する。本発明の発光素子は、少なくとも陽極と陰極、およびそれら陽極と陰極の間に介在する発光素子材料からなる有機層とで構成されている。
化合物〔2〕とセシウムを含む発光素子材料を用いた発光素子を次のように作製した。ITO透明導電膜を150nm堆積させたガラス基板(旭硝子(株)製、15Ω/□、電子ビーム蒸着品)を30×40mmに切断し、エッチングを行った。得られた基板をアセトン、“セミコクリン(登録商標)56”(フルウチ化学(株)製)で各々15分間超音波洗浄してから、超純水で洗浄した。続いて、イソプロピルアルコールで15分間超音波洗浄してから熱メタノールに15分間浸漬させて乾燥させた。この基板を素子を作製する直前に1時間UV−オゾン処理し、真空蒸着装置内に設置して、装置内の真空度が5×10−5Pa以下になるまで排気した。抵抗加熱法によって、まず正孔輸送材料として、4,4’−ビス(N−(1−ナフチル)−N−フェニルアミノ)ビフェニルを50nm蒸着した。次に、発光材料として、トリス(8−キノリノラート)アルミニウム(III)を30nmの厚さに蒸着した。次に、電子輸送材料として、化合物〔2〕とセシウムの混合比が2:1になるように20nmの厚さに蒸着した。次に、アルミニウムを70nm蒸着して陰極とし、5×5mm角の発光素子を作製した。ここで言う膜厚は、水晶発振式膜厚モニター表示値である。この発光素子を100mA/cm2で直流駆動したところ、発光効率2.3lm/Wの高効率緑色発光が得られ、駆動電圧は3.9Vと低かった。
電子輸送材料として、1,1’−ジピレニルとセシウムの混合比が2:1になるように蒸着した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子を100mA/cm2で直流駆動したところ、発光効率1.5lm/Wの緑色発光が得られたが、駆動電圧は6.0Vと高かった。
電子輸送材料として、化合物〔45〕とセシウムの混合比が1:1になるように蒸着した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子を100mA/cm2で直流駆動したところ、発光効率2.4lm/Wの高効率緑色発光が得られ、駆動電圧は4.3Vと低かった。
電子輸送材料として、2,9−ジメチル−4,7−ジフェニル−1,10−フェナントロリンとセシウムの混合比が1:1になるように蒸着した以外は、実施例2と同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子を100mA/cm2で直流駆動したところ、発光効率1.6lm/Wの緑色発光が得られたが、駆動電圧は5.9Vと高かった。
電子輸送材料として、化合物〔48〕とセシウムの混合比が1:2になるように蒸着した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子を100mA/cm2で直流駆動したところ、発光効率2.4lm/Wの高効率緑色発光が得られ、駆動電圧は4.2Vと低かった。
電子輸送材料として、化合物〔48〕のみを用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子を100mA/cm2で直流駆動したところ、発光効率1.4lm/Wの緑色発光が得られたが、駆動電圧は6.5Vと高かった。
ITO透明導電膜を150nm堆積させたガラス基板(旭硝子(株)製、15Ω/□、電子ビーム蒸着品)を30×40mmに切断し、フォトリソグラフィ法によって300μmピッチ(残り幅270μm)×32本のストライプ状にパターン加工した。ITOストライプの長辺方向片側は外部との電気的接続を容易にするために1.27mmピッチ(開口部幅800μm)まで広げてある。得られた基板をアセトン、“セミコクリン(登録商標)56”(フルウチ化学(株)製)で各々15分間超音波洗浄してから、超純水で洗浄した。続いて、イソプロピルアルコールで15分間超音波洗浄してから熱メタノールに15分間浸漬させて乾燥させた。この基板を素子を作製する直前に1時間UV−オゾン処理し、真空蒸着装置内に設置して、装置内の真空度が5×10−4Pa以下になるまで排気した。抵抗加熱法によって、まず正孔輸送材料として4,4’−ビス(N−(1−ナフチル)−N−フェニルアミノ)ビフェニルを150nm蒸着した。次に、発光材料として、トリス(8−キノリノラート)アルミニウム(III)を30nmの厚さに蒸着した。次に、電子輸送材料として、化合物〔2〕とセシウムの混合比が2:1になるように20nmの厚さに蒸着した。ここで言う膜厚は、水晶発振式膜厚モニター表示値である。次に、厚さ50μmのコバール板にウエットエッチングによって16本の250μmの開口部(残り幅50μm、300μmピッチに相当)を設けたマスクを、真空中でITOストライプに直交するようにマスク交換し、マスクとITO基板が密着するように裏面から磁石で固定した。そしてアルミニウムを200nm蒸着して32×16ドットマトリクス素子を作製した。本素子をマトリクス駆動させたところ、クロストークなく文字表示できた。
Claims (2)
- 陽極と陰極の間に少なくとも発光層と電子輸送層が存在し、電気エネルギーにより発光する発光素子であって、該電子輸送層がホスフィンオキサイド化合物と、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属を含み、該ホスフィンオキサイド化合物と該アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属が該電子輸送層において全体的に混合されており、該ホスフィンオキサイド化合物と該アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の組成比が、ホスフィンオキサイド化合物(分子数):アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属(原子数)=1:2〜2:1であり、該ホスフィンオキサイド化合物が下記一般式(1)で表されることを特徴とする発光素子。
- R1、R2およびAr1のうち少なくとも一つが縮合多環アリール基または縮合多環ヘテロアリール基を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の発光素子。
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EP3109919A1 (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-28 | Novaled GmbH | N-doped semiconducting material comprising polar matrix and metal dopant |
EP3109916A1 (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-28 | Novaled GmbH | Organic light emitting device comprising polar matrix, metal dopant and silver cathode |
EP3109915A1 (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-28 | Novaled GmbH | Organic light emitting device comprising polar matrix and metal dopant |
WO2016207228A1 (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-29 | Novaled Gmbh | N-doped semiconducting material comprising polar matrix and metal dopant |
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