JP4773960B2 - マロニル−CoAデカルボキシラーゼ阻害剤として有用なシアノグアニジン型アゾール化合物 - Google Patents
マロニル−CoAデカルボキシラーゼ阻害剤として有用なシアノグアニジン型アゾール化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4773960B2 JP4773960B2 JP2006522615A JP2006522615A JP4773960B2 JP 4773960 B2 JP4773960 B2 JP 4773960B2 JP 2006522615 A JP2006522615 A JP 2006522615A JP 2006522615 A JP2006522615 A JP 2006522615A JP 4773960 B2 JP4773960 B2 JP 4773960B2
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- Prior art keywords
- mercapto
- benzothiazol
- cyano
- phenyl
- guanidine
- Prior art date
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- 102100029461 Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase, mitochondrial Human genes 0.000 title description 32
- 108010081805 Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase Proteins 0.000 title description 6
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 239000003954 decarboxylase inhibitor Substances 0.000 title 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
- -1 —OR 6 Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 3
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
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- GBIGDKWNYVXSEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyano-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(2-sulfanylidene-3h-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)guanidine Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N=C(NC#N)NC1=CC=C(N=C(S)S2)C2=C1 GBIGDKWNYVXSEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZMYOBIJOGLKTKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-butoxyphenyl)-1-cyano-3-(2-sulfanylidene-3h-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)guanidine Chemical compound C1=CC(OCCCC)=CC=C1NC(NC#N)=NC1=CC=C(N=C(S)S2)C2=C1 ZMYOBIJOGLKTKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- IIQSRHNZPJGRGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-cyano-1-(2-methylpropyl)-1-(2-sulfanylidene-3h-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)-2-[4-(4,4,4-trifluorobutoxy)phenyl]guanidine Chemical compound C=1C=C2N=C(S)SC2=CC=1N(CC(C)C)C(NC#N)=NC1=CC=C(OCCCC(F)(F)F)C=C1 IIQSRHNZPJGRGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- YGXVNLXDHCOWQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-cyano-1-methyl-1-(2-sulfanylidene-3h-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]guanidine Chemical compound C=1C=C2N=C(S)SC2=CC=1N(C)C(NC#N)=NC1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 YGXVNLXDHCOWQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- CABGNODIRHFTPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-cyano-1-propyl-1-(2-sulfanylidene-3h-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)-2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]guanidine Chemical compound C=1C=C2N=C(S)SC2=CC=1N(CCC)C(NC#N)=NC1=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1 CABGNODIRHFTPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- IRRGHOAGXDPLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-cyano-1-propyl-1-(2-sulfanylidene-3h-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]guanidine Chemical compound C=1C=C2N=C(S)SC2=CC=1N(CCC)C(NC#N)=NC1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 IRRGHOAGXDPLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DFWZJJZBZCEWBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-cyano-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-methylpropyl)-1-(2-sulfanylidene-3h-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)guanidine Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N=C(NC#N)N(CC(C)C)C1=CC=C(N=C(S)S2)C2=C1 DFWZJJZBZCEWBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- CONYYPDKIBDDNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(#N)NC(N(CCCC)C1=CC2=C(N=C(S2)S)C=C1)=NC1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F Chemical compound C(#N)NC(N(CCCC)C1=CC2=C(N=C(S2)S)C=C1)=NC1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F CONYYPDKIBDDNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXDNCPZUIZJWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl n'-cyano-n-propan-2-yl-n-(2-sulfanylidene-3h-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)carbamimidate Chemical compound C=1C=C2N=C(S)SC2=CC=1N(C(C)C)C(=NC#N)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IXDNCPZUIZJWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWMVWEBFCKFYSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl n-cyano-n'-(2-sulfanylidene-3h-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)carbamimidate Chemical compound C1=C2SC(S)=NC2=CC=C1N=C(NC#N)OC1=CC=CC=C1 YWMVWEBFCKFYSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008055 phosphate buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008105 phosphatidylcholines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068968 polysorbate 80 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006514 pyridin-2-ylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C(=N1)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005932 reductive alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008844 regulatory mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002363 skeletal muscle cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007909 solid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013222 sprague-dawley male rat Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005415 substituted alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004426 substituted alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007940 sugar coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005420 sulfonamido group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)(N*)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007910 systemic administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012385 systemic delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000155 toxicity by organ Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007675 toxicity by organ Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic acid Substances OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPOMEWBVWWDQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium;dihydrogen phosphate;hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP([O-])([O-])=O SPOMEWBVWWDQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940045136 urea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D277/62—Benzothiazoles
- C07D277/68—Benzothiazoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2
- C07D277/70—Sulfur atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/425—Thiazoles
- A61K31/428—Thiazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
- A61K31/4738—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4745—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems condensed with ring systems having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. phenantrolines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
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- C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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Description
本発明は、特定の代謝性疾患の治療法と、そのような疾患を治療する際に有用な、化合物およびそれらのプロドラッグの使用、ならびに/または薬学的に許容される塩、そのような化合物を含む薬学的組成物に関する。特に、本発明は、マロニル-コエンザイムAデカルボキシラーゼ(マロニル-CoAデカルボキシラーゼ、MCD)の阻害を通じた、心血管疾患、糖尿病、癌、および肥満の予防、管理または治療のための化合物および組成物の使用に関する。
マロニル-CoAは、体内で酵素アセチルCoAカルボキシラーゼ(ACC)によって産生される重要な代謝中間体である。肝、脂肪細胞、および他の組織において、マロニル-CoAは脂肪酸合成酵素(FAS)の基質である。ACCおよびマロニル-CoAは、脂肪酸合成酵素レベルが低い骨格筋および心筋組織で見いだされる。マロニル-CoAデカルボキシラーゼ(MCD、EC4.1.1.9)は、マロニル-CoAのアセチル-CoAへの変換を触媒し、それによりマロニル-CoAレベルを調節する。MCD活性は、原核生物、鳥類、および哺乳類を含む広範な生物において記載されている。この酵素は細菌リゾビウム・トリフォリ(Rhizobium trifolii)(Anら、J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 32: 414-418 (1999))、水鳥の尾腺(Bucknerら、Arch. Biochem. Biophys 177: 539 (1976);KimおよびKolattukudy、Arch. Biochem. Biophys 190: 585 (1978))、ラット肝ミトコンドリア(KimおよびKolattukudy、Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 190: 234 (1978))、ラット乳腺(KimおよびKolattukudy、Biochim. Biophys, Acta 531: 187 (1978))、ラット膵β細胞(Voilleyら、Biochem. J. 340: 213 (1999))およびガチョウ(ハイイロガン)(Jangら、J. Biol. Chem. 264: 3500 (1989))から精製されている。MCD欠損症患者の同定は、ガチョウおよびラットMCD遺伝子に相同のヒト遺伝子のクローニングにつながる(Gaoら、J. Lipid. Res. 40: 178 (1999);Sackstederら、J. Biol. Chem. 274: 24461 (1999);FitzPatrickら、Am. J. Hum. Genet. 65: 318 (1999))。ノーザンブロット分析で単一のヒトMCD mRNAが観察される。筋および心臓組織で最も高いmRNA発現レベルが観察され、肝、腎および膵ではその次に高く、検査したその他の組織すべてにおいて検出可能な量が認められる。
本発明は、構造Iで示されるような化合物の使用法、これらの化合物を含む薬学的組成物、ならびに代謝性疾患およびMCD阻害によって調節される疾患の予防、管理および治療のための方法を提供する。本発明に開示される化合物は、マロニル-CoA調節グルコース/脂肪酸代謝経路に関与する疾患の予防、管理および治療のために有用である。特に、これらの化合物およびこれらの化合物を含む薬学的組成物は、心血管疾患、糖尿病、癌および肥満の予防、管理および治療において必要とされる。
式中、R1、R2、R3、n、XおよびYは、下記に定義されるとおりである。これらの化合物の範囲内には、対応する鏡像異性体、ジアステレオ異性体、プロドラッグ、および薬学的に許容される塩も含まれる。本発明の他の局面は本発明の説明を続けるうちに明らかになると思われる。したがって、前記は単に本発明の特定の局面の概要を示しているにすぎず、いかなる様式でも本発明を限定することを意図するものではなく、本発明を限定すると解釈されるべきでもない。
下記の本発明の詳細な説明は、網羅的であること、または開示する正確な詳細に本発明を限定することを意図してはいない。これは、他の当業者に本発明の詳細を十分に説明するために選択され、記載されたものである。
式中、
R1およびR2は、水素、C1〜C12置換アルキル、C1〜C12置換アルケニル、C1〜C12置換アルキニルもしくは下記の構造のヘテロシクリル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、フェニル、置換フェニルから独立に選択されるか、または3〜7員複素環を形成し;
R3は、水素、C1〜C12アルキル、置換C1〜C12アルキル、フェニル、置換フェニル、アリール、またはヘテロアリールから選択され;
R4は、水素、C1〜C6アルキル、置換C1〜C6アルキル、-OR6、-SO2NR6R7、-S(O)nR6、-COOH、-CONR6R7、-COR6、NHCONR6R7、NHSO2NR6R7から選択され;
R5は、水素、C1〜C12アルキル、置換C1〜C12アルキル、-COR6、-CONR6R7、-S(O)nR6、-SO2NR6R7から選択され;
R6およびR7は、水素、C1〜C12アルキル、置換C1〜C12アルキル、ヘテロシクリル、フェニル、置換フェニル、アリール、またはヘテロアリールから独立に選択され;
Xは、CまたはNであり;かつ
Yは、SまたはOである。
本発明の組成物は、以下の(a)および(b)を含む:
(a)安全で治療的に有効な量のMCD阻害化合物IまたはII、その対応する鏡像異性体、ジアステレオ異性体もしくは互変異性体、またはその薬学的に許容される塩、もしくはプロドラッグ;および
(b)薬学的に許容される担体。
本発明において有用な化合物および組成物は、局所または全身投与することができる。全身適用には、化合物を体の組織内に導入する任意の方法、例えば関節内、くも膜下腔内、硬膜外、筋肉内、経皮、静脈内、腹腔内、皮下、舌下投与、吸入、直腸内、または経口投与が含まれる。本発明において有用な化合物は、経口投与することが好ましい。
本明細書において用いられる「アルキル」とは、メチル、エチル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘプチルなどの、炭素および水素のみを含む直鎖アルカン、アルケン、またはアルキン置換基を意味する。アルキル基は飽和でもよく、または一つまたは複数の位置で不飽和(すなわち、-C=C-または-C≡C-結合を含んでいる)でもよい。特定の不飽和度が好ましい場合、前記置換基は「アルケニル」または「アルキニル」と呼ばれ、それぞれ-C=C-または-C≡C-結合を含む置換基を意味する。炭素数は「Ci〜Cjアルキル」(iおよびjは炭素原子の最小および最大の数を意味する)として示すこともできる。典型的には、アルキル基は1個から12個の炭素原子、好ましくは1個から10個、より好ましくは2個から8個の炭素原子を含むことになる。
が、複数の異なる官能基を表すことを理解すると思われる。この構造で表される好ましい官能基には、アミド、ウレイド、チオ尿素、カルバミン酸塩、エステル、チオエステル、アミジン、ケトン、オキシム、ニトロオレフィン、ヒドロキシグアニジン、およびグアニジンが含まれる。より好ましい官能基には、尿素、チオ尿素、アミド、およびカルバミン酸塩が含まれる。
は明らかに同じ化合物を表しており、いずれかへの言及は明らかに他方を企図している。加えて、本発明において有用な化合物をプロドラッグとして提供することができ、下記を例として示す:
式中、Rは生物学的プロセスで除去される基(または結合)である。したがって、本発明において明らかに企図されるものは、当技術分野において理解されているとおり、生体加水分解可能なプロドラッグとして提供される化合物の使用である。本明細書において用いられる「プロドラッグ」とは、生物において生物学的プロセスに曝露されると、加水分解、代謝、誘導体化などを受けて所望の活性を有する活性物質を生じる任意の化合物である。当業者であれば、プロドラッグはプロドラッグとして任意の活性を有していてもいなくてもよいことを理解すると思われる。本明細書に記載のプロドラッグは、安全かつ有効な量で投与された場合に、治療する被検者に対して有害な作用は持たないことが意図される。これらには、例えば、生体加水分解可能なアミドおよびエステルが含まれる。「生体加水分解可能なアミド」とは、化合物の活性を基本的に妨害しないか、あるいは細胞、組織、またはヒト、哺乳動物、もしくは動物被検者によってインビボで容易に変換されて活性化合物を生じるアミド化合物である。「生体加水分解可能なエステル」とは、これらの化合物の活性を妨害しないか、または動物によって容易に変換されて活性化合物を生じる、本発明のエステル化合物を意味する。そのような生体加水分解可能なプロドラッグは、当業者には理解され、規制ガイドラインに組み込まれている。
本発明において有用な化合物を調製する際に用いる出発原料は公知であるか、公知の方法によって調製するか、または市販されている。当業者には、本明細書において特許請求されている化合物に関連する前駆体および官能基を調製する方法は、文献中に一般に記載されていることが明らかであると思われる。当業者は、文献および本開示を読めば、これらの化合物の任意のものを調製する能力が十分にあると考えられる。
マロニル-CoAからのアセチル-CoAの変換を、Kim, Y. S. and Kolattukudy, P. E. in 1978 (Arch. Biochem. Biophys 190:585 (1978))により以前に記載された改変プロトコルを用いてアッセイした。式1〜3に示すとおり、マレート/NADおよびオキサロアセテート/NADHの間の動態平衡の確立はリンゴ酸デヒドロゲナーゼによって触媒された(式2)。MCDの酵素反応生成物であるアセチル-CoAは、クエン酸合成酵素存在下でオキサロアセテートと縮合することにより平衡をシフトさせ(式3)、これによりNADからNADHが連続的に生成された。NADHの蓄積は、蛍光プレート読み取り器で460nmの蛍光発光の増大をモニターすることにより、連続的に追跡することができる。蛍光プレート読み取り器は、Sigmaからの標準アセチル-CoAを用いて較正した。典型的な96穴プレートアッセイでは、各ウェルの蛍光発光(NADH:λex=360nm、λem=460nm)の増大を用いて、hMCDの初期速度を計算した。各50μLのアッセイ溶液には10mMリン酸緩衝食塩水(Sigma)、pH7.4、0.05%トゥイーン-20、25mM K2HPO4-KH2PO4(Sigma)、2mMマレート(Sigma)、2mM NAD(Boehringer Mannheim)、0.786単位のMD(Roche Chemicals)、0.028単位のCS(Roche Chemicals)、5〜10nM hMCD、および様々な量のMCA基質が含まれていた。アッセイはMCAの添加によって開始し、速度をhMCD非存在下で求めたバックグラウンド速度で補正した。
雄Sprague-Dawleyラット(300〜350g)から摘出した拍動心に60分間の好気的灌流を行う。拍動心を95%O2、5%CO2で、5mMグルコース;100μU/mLインスリン;3%無脂肪酸BSA;2.5mM遊離Ca2+、および0.4〜1.2mmol/Lパルミテートを含む改変クレブス-ヘンゼライト(Krebs-Henseleit)液により灌流する(Kantor et al., Circulation Research 86:580-588(2000))。試験化合物を灌流期間の5分前に加える。DMSO(0.05%)を対照として用いる。
実験パラメーターの測定のために試料を10分間隔で採取した。グルコース酸化速度を、[U14]-グルコースを含む緩衝液で灌流した心臓により産生された14CO2の定量的収集によって定量する(R. Barr and G. Lopaschuk, 「Measurement of cardiovascular function」, McNeill, J. H. ed., Chapter 2, CRC press, New York (1997))。灌流後、灌流液1mLを9N H2SO4 1mLを含む密封試験管に注入して、灌流液からの14CO2を放出させる。試験管はハイアミンヒドロキシド(hyamine hydroxide)300μlで飽和させたろ紙片を含むシンチレーションバイアルに連結したゴム栓で密封した。次いで、ろ紙を含むシンチレーションバイアルを取り出し、エコライトシンチレーション液(Ecolite Scintillation Fluid)を加えた。試料を前述の標準法で計数した。各灌流段階のグルコース酸化の平均速度を、前述のとおりμmol/分/g(乾燥重量)で表す。
脂肪酸酸化の速度を、[14C]パルミテートを用いたグルコース酸化速度について前述したものと同じ方法を用いて、または[5-3H]パルミテートを含む緩衝液で灌流した心臓により生成される3H2Oの定量的収集(R. Barr and G. Lopaschuk, 「Measurement of cardiovascular function」, McNeill, J. H. ed., Chapter 2, CRC press, New York (1997))により評価した。緩衝液試料0.5mLをクロロホルム/メタノール(体積比1:2)の混合物1.88mLで処理し、次いでクロロホルム0.625mLおよび2M KCl/HCl溶液0.625mLを加えることにより、[5-3H]パルミテートから3H2Oを分離した。試料を10分間遠心分離し、水相を取り出し、クロロホルム1mL、メタノール1mLおよびKCl/HCl 0.9mL(1:1:0.9)の混合物で処理した。次いで、水層を総3H2O量について計数した。この工程によるパルミテートからの3H2Oの抽出および分離は99.7%を上回った。各灌流段階の脂肪酸酸化の平均速度を、希釈率を考慮した後に、nmol/分/g(乾燥重量)で表す。
本発明をさらに詳しく例示するために、下記の実施例が含まれる。実施例は、本発明を特に制限すると解釈されるべきではない。特許請求の範囲内でのこれらの実施例の変更は、当業者の範囲内であり、本明細書において記載され、主張されている本発明の範囲内に入ると考えられる。読者は、本開示を読み、当技術分野の技能を備えた当業者であれば、網羅的な実施例なしで、本発明を調製し、用いることができることを理解すると思われる。
Ac=アセチル
Bn=ベンジル
Bz=ベンゾイル
CDI=カルボニルジイミダゾール
CH2Cl2=ジクロロメタン
DIBAL=水素化ジイソブチルアルミニウム
DMAP=4-(ジメチルアミノ)-ピリジン
DMF=N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド
DMSO=ジメチルスルホキシド
EDClまたはECAC=塩酸1-[3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル]-3-エチルカルボジイミド
ESIMS=電子スプレー質量分析
Et3N=トリエチルアミン
EtOAc=酢酸エチル
HMTA=ヘキサメチレンテトラミン
LDA=リチウムジイソプロピルアミド
LHDMS=リチウムビス(トリメチルシリル)アミド
MgSO4=硫酸マグネシウム
NaH=水素化ナトリウム
NBS=N-ブロモスクシンイミド
NCS=N-クロロスクシンイミド
NH4Cl=塩化アンモニウム
Ph=フェニル
Py=ピリジニル
r.t.=室温
TFA=トリフルオロ酢酸
THF=テトラヒドロフラン
TLC=薄層クロマトグラフィ
Tf2O=トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸無水物(triflic anhydride)
アルキル基の略語
Me=メチル
Et=エチル
n-Pr=ノルマルプロピル
i-Pr=イソプロピル
n-Bu=ノルマルブチル
i-Bu=イソブチル
t-Bu=三級ブチル
s-Bu=二級ブチル
c-Hex=シクロヘキシル
200mL丸底フラスコに6-アミノ-1,3-ベンゾチアゾール-2-チオール(2.26g、12.4mmol)、ジフェニルシアノカルボンイミデート(4.43g、18.6mmol)およびアセトニトリル(50mL)を加える。反応混合物を窒素雰囲気下で16時間還流する。沈殿をろ取し、アセトニトリル(15mL)で洗浄する。固体をエタノールから再結晶して、N-シアノ-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)カルバムイミド酸フェニルエステルの中間体を白色固体で得る(1.2g、30%)。
スミスプロセスバイアル中で密封したフェニルエステル中間体(50mg、0.153mmol)、(4-トリフルオロメトキシ)アニリン(0.414mL、0.306mmol)およびアセトニトリル(0.5mL)の反応混合物を、電磁波照射により150℃で1時間加熱する。粗製混合物を直接調製用TLC(EtOAc:ヘキサン1:1、次いでMeCN:CH2Cl2 1:10)にかけ、標題化合物を黄色固体で得る(9mg、15%)。
100mL二頚フラスコに6-アミノ-1,3-ベンゾチアゾール-2-チオール(1.92g、10.5mmol)およびTHF(20mL)と、続いてアセトアルデヒド(0.591mL、10.5mmol)、氷酢酸(1mL)および水(1mL)を0℃で加える。懸濁液を1.5時間撹拌した後、NaCNBH3(0.723g、10.5mmol)のTHF(20mL)溶液を滴下漏斗からゆっくり導入する。添加後、反応混合物を室温で2時間撹拌する。沈殿をろ取し、水およびエーテルで洗浄し、減圧下で乾燥して、6-エチルアミノ-ベンゾチアゾール-2-チオールの中間体を淡黄色固体で得る(1.8g、82%)。
200mL丸底フラスコに4-(トリフルオロメチル)アニリン(2.11mL、16.8mmol)、ジフェニルシアノカルボンイミデート(4.01g、16.8mmol)およびアセトニトリル(50mL)を加える。反応混合物を窒素雰囲気下で24時間還流し、室温で終夜放置する。沈殿をろ取し、アセトニトリル(15mL)で洗浄して、N-シアノ-N'-(4-トリフルオロメチル)フェニルカルバムイミド酸フェニルエステルの中間体を無色結晶で得る(4.6g、90%)。
スミスプロセスバイアル中で密封したフェニルエステル中間体(743mg、2.43mmol)、6-エチルアミノ-ベンゾチアゾール-2-チオール(512mg、2.43mmol)、ピリジン(0.39mL、4.86mmol)およびアセトニトリル(8mL)の反応混合物を、電磁波照射により150℃で1時間加熱する。粗製混合物を直接調製用TLC(MeOH:CH2Cl2 1:12、次いでEtOAc:ヘキサン1:1)にかけ、標題化合物を無色固体で得る(110mg、11%)。
3-シアノ-1-イソプロピル-1-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-2-フェニル-イソ尿素の調製
還流冷却器を備えた50mL二頚フラスコに6-イソプロピルアミノ-ベンゾチアゾール-2-チオール(542mg、2.415mmol)およびジクロロエタン(10mL)を加える。溶液を0℃まで冷却した後、ヘプタン中2.0Mトリメチルアルミニウム溶液(2.6mL、5.2mmol)を窒素雰囲気下で加える。反応混合物を室温でさらに1時間撹拌した後、ジフェニルカルボンイミデート(863mg、3.62mmol)で処理する。70℃で10時間加熱した後、反応混合物を水で反応停止し、酢酸エチルで抽出する。有機層をNa2SO4で乾燥し、減圧下で濃縮し、直接調製用TLC(EtOAc:ヘキサン1:1)にかけて、標題化合物を無色固体で得る(198mg、22%)。
Claims (3)
- 下記からなる群より選択される化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩:
N-シアノ-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N''-(4-メトキシ-フェニル)-グアニジン;
N-シアノ-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N''-(4-トリフルオロメトキシ-フェニル)-グアニジン;
N-(4-ブトキシ-フェニル)-N'-シアノ-N''-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-グアニジン;
N-(4-エトキシ-フェニル)-N'シアノール-N''-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-グアニジン;
N'-シアノ-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N''-(4-メトキシ-フェニル)-N-プロピル-グアニジン;
N'-シアノ-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N''-フェニル-N-プロピル-グアニジン;
N'-シアノ-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N-プロピル-N''-(4-トリフルオロメトキシ-フェニル)-グアニジン;
N'-シアノ-N-イソブチル-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N''-(4-メトキシ-フェニル)-グアニジン;
N'-シアノ-N-イソブチル-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N''-(4-トリフルオロメトキシ-フェニル)-グアニジン;
4-[N''-シアノ-N'-イソブチル-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-グアニジノ]-安息香酸メチルエステル;
4-[N''-シアノ-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N'-プロピル-グアニジノ]-安息香酸メチルエステル;
N'-シアノ-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N-プロピル-N''-(4-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)-グアニジン;
N'-シアノ-N-イソブチル-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N''-(4-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)-グアニジン;
4-[N''-シアノ-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N'-プロピル-グアニジノ]-安息香酸;
4-[N''-シアノ-N'-イソブチル-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-グアニジノ]-安息香酸;
N'-シアノ-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N-プロピル-N''-[4-(4,4,4-トリフルオロ-ブトキシ)-フェニル]-グアニジン;
N'-シアノ-N-イソブチル-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N''-[4-(4,4,4-トリフルオロ-ブトキシ)-フェニル]-グアニジン;
N-エチル-N'-シアノ-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N''-[4-(4,4,4-トリフルオロ-ブトキシ)-フェニル]-グアニジン;
N'-シアノ-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N-ブチル-N''-(3-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)-グアニジン;
N'-シアノ-N-イソブチル-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N''-(3-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)-グアニジン;
N'-シアノ-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N-メチル-N''-(4-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)-グアニジン;
N'-シアノ-N-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N-メチル-N''-[4-(4,4,4-トリフルオロ-ブトキシ)-フェニル]-グアニジン;
N-{4-[N'-エチル-N''-シアノ-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-グアニジノ]-フェニル}-アセトアミド;
4-[N'-エチル-N''-シアノ-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-グアニジノ]-ベンズアミド;
N-{4-[N''-シアノ-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N'-メチル-グアニジノ]-フェニル}-アセトアミド;
4-[N''-シアノ-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-N'-メチル-グアニジノ]-ベンズアミド;
4-[N'-エチル-N''-シアノ-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-グアニジノ]-N-イソブチル-ベンズアミド;および
N-ブチル-4-[N'-エチル-N''-シアノ-N'-(2-メルカプト-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル)-グアニジノ]-ベンズアミド。 - 薬学的に許容される担体と、請求項1もしくは2記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩とを含む、薬学的組成物。
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EP1658071A2 (en) | 2006-05-24 |
EP1658071B1 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
EP2208495B1 (en) | 2011-12-14 |
ATE536872T1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
US20050032824A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
CA2533881C (en) | 2012-07-10 |
CA2533881A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
US7786145B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 |
DE602004016530D1 (de) | 2008-10-23 |
WO2005037258A3 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
ATE407673T1 (de) | 2008-09-15 |
JP2007501237A (ja) | 2007-01-25 |
ES2314491T3 (es) | 2009-03-16 |
ES2378418T3 (es) | 2012-04-12 |
WO2005037258A2 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
EP2208495A1 (en) | 2010-07-21 |
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