JP4503095B2 - 半導体素子の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体素子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4503095B2 JP4503095B2 JP2009513951A JP2009513951A JP4503095B2 JP 4503095 B2 JP4503095 B2 JP 4503095B2 JP 2009513951 A JP2009513951 A JP 2009513951A JP 2009513951 A JP2009513951 A JP 2009513951A JP 4503095 B2 JP4503095 B2 JP 4503095B2
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Description
第1図は、成膜装置1の構成を示し、中央のトランスファーチャンバー60の周囲に表面洗浄装置10、CVD成膜装置20、酸化・窒化装置30、誘電体スパッタ装置40及びロードロック装置50が配置されている。これら装置10〜40は、成膜基板(又はそれが配置されたトレイ)の通過・移動できる通路により、トランスファーチャンバー60に連通しているが、その通路各々には密閉シャッターが設けられシャッターの開閉が搬送コントローラ70で制御されている。又、装置10〜50内の基板の搬送・処理は、搬送プロセッサ又それぞれのプロセスコントローラ70〜74により制御されている。
本実施例では、第1図に示した成膜装置1を用いて、第3図に示される表面洗浄装置10を用いた第1の工程を行いSi基板上に形成された自然酸化膜を除去した後、第2の工程を行いCVD成膜装置20を用いて水素終端させ(ここまでは実施例1と同じ処理)、その後処理後の基板をトランスファーチャンバー60を通して酸化・窒化装置30に移して、第4の工程の酸化、窒化もしくは酸窒化を行った後、誘電体材料をスパッタ成膜する第3の工程を行い、再度トランスファーチャンバー60を通して酸化・窒化装置30に移して、第4の工程の酸化、窒化もしくは酸窒化を行うプロセスについて述べる。サンプルとして用いた基板は清浄空気中に放置して自然酸化膜が形成されている直径300mmのSi単結晶基板5である。この基板を真空トランスファーチャンバー60を介して表面洗浄装置10に搬送する。次に第3図に示される表面洗浄装置10において、供給管Gas1にArをキャリアガスとしたハロゲンガスF2を100sccm供給し、プラズマ室11でプラズマを発生させ、供給管Gas2にHFもしくはH2を供給した。圧力は50Pa、基板温度は300℃でHFを100sccmもしくはH2を50sccm供給する。圧力を低くすると酸化膜のエッチングレートが増加し、温度を低くするとエッチングレートは減少する。これを基板表面に晒すことにより、表面の平坦性を損ねることなく自然酸化膜を除去することができた。その後、真空トランスファーチャンバー60を通して大気に晒すことなく第2の工程を行うCVD成膜装置20に搬送し、基板温度300℃でSiH4を100sccm供給する。ここで圧力は3E-3Paである。この工程により、第1の工程で残留するF終端を水素終端とすることができた。
本実施例では、第1図に示した成膜装置1を用いて、第3図に示される表面洗浄装置10を用いた第1の工程を行うことにより、Si基板上に形成された自然酸化膜を除去した後、表面を水素終端面とする先の実施例1と2と異なる手法について述べる。サンプルとして用いた基板は、Si基板上にSiO2膜を付け、約径3μmの円形のSi部分を残したテストパターンを形成されている。上記実施例1と同様の方法により、表面洗浄装置10で自然酸化膜を除去した後、同一の表面洗浄装置10において、基板温度300℃で供給管Gas2からSiH4を5sccm供給し、圧力を10Paに保持し、10sec処理した。即ち、フッ素洗浄後にSiH4による処理を基板表面に施す。その後、真空トランスファーチャンバー60を通して第2の工程を行うCVD装置20に搬送し、基板温度600℃、SiH4を10sccm供給し、圧力を10-2Paで保持し、10min処理した。
(1)650℃以下の温度で熱解離する水素化ガス。
(2)生成物のメタルハロゲン化物が揮発性。
(3)メタルはデバイスの汚染源にならないこと。望ましくは、後の成膜工程で使われるガス。
(4)Cを含まないこと。表面にカーボン化合物が堆積すると成膜を阻害する。
水素化化合物ガスの熱分解温度以下の温度の半導体基板の表面にフッ素などのハロゲンがあると、ハロゲンとの反応でのみ水素化化合物ガスが分解する。たとえば、SiH4は450℃で熱分解するので、ハロゲンの付着した基板の温度が450℃未満のとき、SiH4は基板表面でハロゲンと反応して分解する。SiH4は基板の温度が450℃以上になると基板表面で熱分解して、基板の表面にSiの核を生成し、上に付けられる膜の結晶構造を乱し、また、膜のドープ量や濃度比コントロールの妨げになる。(成膜時、放電前に高温の基板上にSiH4が流れる瞬間があるが、バッチ間で毎回条件を一定にでき、かつ短時間なので問題とならない。)したがって、水素化化合物ガスに露出する半導体基板の温度は、水素化化合物ガスの熱分解温度よりも低い温度に設定する必要がある。(但し、反応が十分に進む程度に高い温度が望ましい。)
水素化化合物ガスがSiH4のとき、基板温度は約450℃以下。
水素化化合物ガスはGeH4のとき、基板温度は約280℃以下。
水素化化合物ガスはSi2H6のとき、基板温度は約300℃以下。
圧力10-2Pa〜101Paの範囲。反応するに十分高く、再付着しない程度に低い必要がある。成膜時の圧力は、UHV-epi 10-2〜100Pa、PCVD-depo 10-1〜102Pa、PVD 10-1〜100Pa。
Fで終端したSi表面にSiH4ガスを、少なくとも2nmのSiエッチングに相当する時間である1min流して、Fを除去すると同時に表面をHで終端する。
Claims (21)
- プラズマ発生室と処理室との間がシャワープレートで分離された構成の表面洗浄装置の該プラズマ発生室に少なくともF2又はHFを含むガスを導入して該プラズマ発生室にプラズマを発生させ、該プラズマ中のラジカルを該プラズマ発生室から該シャワープレートを介して半導体基板の配置された該処理室に導入すると共に、少なくともH2ガス又はHFガスを含むガスを該処理室に導入して、該半導体基板の表面を洗浄する第1の工程、及び
該第1工程を経た半導体基板の表面を水素化合物に露出させる工程であって、該基板の温度が該水素化合物の熱分解温度より低くされている第2の工程とからなる半導体素子の製造方法。 - 請求項1の方法において、該第1と第2の工程は表面洗浄装置内で行われる半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1の方法において、前記第2の工程の後、半導体成分を含む水素化合物に露出させ、該基板の温度が露出した該半導体成分を含む水素化合物の熱分解温度以上である第5の工程を更に含む半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1の方法において、該第1の工程及び第2の工程は、表面洗浄装置内で行われ、その後、半導体基板をCVD装置内に搬送し、半導体成分を含む水素化合物に露出する第5の工程を更に含む半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項4の方法において、該第5の工程を経た該半導体基板の表面上に誘電体膜を形成する第3の工程を更に含む半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項5の方法において、該第3の工程は該第5の工程を経た該半導体基板の表面上にHf、HfSi、HfLa、HfAlLa、LaAl、Laのいずれか1つ以上をスパッタ成膜することで該誘電体膜を形成している半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項5の方法において、該誘電体膜を酸化、窒化、又は酸窒化して絶縁膜に変える第4の工程を更に含む半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項7の方法において、該第1、第2、第5、第3、および第4の工程中に、該半導体基板を該トランスファーチャンバを介して移動して、該基板表面を大気に晒すことなく該第1、第2、第5、第3、および第4の工程が行なわれている半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項7の方法において、該絶縁膜はMOSFETのゲート絶縁膜である半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項2の方法において、前記第2の工程は、650℃以下の温度で熱分解する水素化合物を用いる半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項3の方法において、前記第5の工程は、該半導体成分を含む水素化合物の熱分解温度以上に基板温度を上昇させ、基板上に半導体単結晶を成長させる半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1の方法において、該第2の工程はCVD装置内で行なわれ、該半導体基板は該第1の工程後に該洗浄装置からトランスファーチャンバーを介して該CVD装置に移送され、該第1の工程洗浄後の半導体基板表面を大気に晒すことなく第2の工程により水素化合物に露出することからなる半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1の方法において、該第2の工程を経た該半導体基板の表面上に誘電体膜を形成する第3の工程を更に含む半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項13の方法において、該第3の工程は該第2の工程を経た該半導体基板の表面上にHf、HfSi、HfLa、HfAlLa、LaAl、Laのいずれか1つ以上をスパッタ成膜することで該誘電体膜を形成している半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項13の方法において、該誘電体膜を酸化、窒化、又は酸窒化して絶縁膜に変える第4の工程を更に含む半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項15の方法において、該第1の工程〜第4の工程中に、該半導体基板を該トランスファーチャンバを介して移動して、該基板表面を大気に晒すことなく該第1の工程〜第4の工程が行なわれている半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項15の方法において、該絶縁膜は半導体デバイスのゲート絶縁膜である半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1の方法において、前記第2の工程は、650℃以下の温度で熱分解する水素化合物を用いる半導体素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1の方法において、前記第2の工程の後、該基板表面を酸化、窒化、又は酸窒化して絶縁膜に変える第6の工程と、該第6の工程で形成された絶縁膜上に誘電体膜を形成する第3の工程と、第3の工程で形成された誘電体を酸化、窒化、又は酸窒化して絶縁膜に変える第4の工程を更に含む半導体素子の製造方法。
- トランスファーチャンバー(60)、該トランスファーチャンバーに開閉シャッターを介して結合された第1の処理装置(10)と第2の処理装置、及び
該トランスファーチャンバー内の基板搬送機構と該開閉シャッターを制御する搬送コントローラ(70)と該第1と第2の処理装置での基板処理工程を制御するプロセスコントローラ(71,72)からなる半導体素子の製造装置において、
該搬送コントローラは、該第1の処理室装置に基板を搬送し、該第1の処理装置での処理の終了後に該基板を該トランスファーチャンバーを介して該第2の処理装置に搬送するよう、該搬送機構と開閉シャッターを制御するプログラムを有する記憶部を含み、
該第1の処理装置は、プラズマ発生室と処理室との間がシャワープレートで分離された構成の表面洗浄装置であり、該プロセスコントローラは該プラズマ発生室に少なくともF2又はHFを含むガスを導入させ該プラズマ発生室にプラズマを発生させ、該プラズマ中のラジカルを該プラズマ発生室から該シャワープレートを介して該処理室に導入すると共に、少なくともH2ガス又はHFガスを含むガスを該処理室に導入するよう該第1の処理装置を制御するプログラムを有する記憶部を含み、
該プロセスコントローラの記憶部は更に、該第2の処理装置内に移送された半導体基板の表面を水素化合物に露出させ、該半導体基板温度が該水素化合物の熱分解温度より低くなるよう、該第2の処理室を制御するプログラムを有していることを特徴とする半導体素子の製造装置。 - 請求項20の製造装置において、該第1の処理装置内の表面洗浄処理工程と該第2の処理装置内の水素化合物露出処理工程とを該基板を大気に晒すことなく真空一貫で行うよう、該トランスファーチャンバを通しての該基板の移動の際に該基板搬送機構と開閉シャッターとを、該搬送コントローラは制御している半導体素子の製造装置。
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WO2004074932A2 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-09-02 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cleaning of native oxides with hydroge-containing radicals |
US20070099806A1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-03 | Stewart Michael P | Composition and method for selectively removing native oxide from silicon-containing surfaces |
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JPH0496226A (ja) * | 1990-08-03 | 1992-03-27 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP2003179049A (ja) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-06-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 絶縁膜形成方法、半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
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KR101157938B1 (ko) | 2012-06-22 |
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US20100075508A1 (en) | 2010-03-25 |
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US7807585B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 |
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