JP4586991B2 - 正極活物質およびその製造方法、並びに二次電池 - Google Patents
正極活物質およびその製造方法、並びに二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4586991B2 JP4586991B2 JP2006083700A JP2006083700A JP4586991B2 JP 4586991 B2 JP4586991 B2 JP 4586991B2 JP 2006083700 A JP2006083700 A JP 2006083700A JP 2006083700 A JP2006083700 A JP 2006083700A JP 4586991 B2 JP4586991 B2 JP 4586991B2
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- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- coating
- layer
- nickel
- manganese
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- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims description 69
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical group [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 28
- -1 transition metal chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 3
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- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- RJYMRRJVDRJMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibromomanganese Chemical compound Br[Mn]Br RJYMRRJVDRJMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CTNMMTCXUUFYAP-UHFFFAOYSA-L difluoromanganese Chemical compound F[Mn]F CTNMMTCXUUFYAP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NAAXGLXYRDSIRS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dihydrogen phosphate;manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O NAAXGLXYRDSIRS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YNQRWVCLAIUHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;oxalate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O YNQRWVCLAIUHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHMWJLSEBXTDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-L dioxidophosphanium manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][PH2]=O.[O-][PH2]=O XHMWJLSEBXTDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011808 electrode reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMOSTDJFFWYKNF-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydrogen carbonate;manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O WMOSTDJFFWYKNF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydron;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Mn+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GUWHRJQTTVADPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium azide Chemical compound [Li+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] GUWHRJQTTVADPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XQHAGELNRSUUGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O XQHAGELNRSUUGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000032 lithium hydrogen carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IDNHOWMYUQKKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium nitrite Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]N=O IDNHOWMYUQKKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HPGPEWYJWRWDTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium peroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][O-] HPGPEWYJWRWDTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium sulfide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[S-2] GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNKMVYBWZDHJHE-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].OP(O)([O-])=O SNKMVYBWZDHJHE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HQRPHMAXFVUBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].OC([O-])=O HQRPHMAXFVUBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HPCCWDVOHHFCKM-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].OS([O-])(=O)=O HPCCWDVOHHFCKM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZAVVKVUMPLRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;propane Chemical compound [Li+].C[CH-]C SZAVVKVUMPLRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHWUERAJDYTMOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;sulfane Chemical compound [Li].S OHWUERAJDYTMOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940093474 manganese carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mn+2] IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UDNQSSDIGJIERR-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+) dibromate Chemical compound [Mn++].[O-][Br](=O)=O.[O-][Br](=O)=O UDNQSSDIGJIERR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HMJBVVFSNKQXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+) diiodate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]I(=O)=O.[O-]I(=O)=O HMJBVVFSNKQXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CRPBAQAXWCOQOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);dichlorate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O CRPBAQAXWCOQOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPXWANCYVRRWEX-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);dinitrite Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]N=O.[O-]N=O WPXWANCYVRRWEX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QVRFMRZEAVHYMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diperchlorate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O QVRFMRZEAVHYMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FRYUOUHISNWFTE-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N FRYUOUHISNWFTE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RGVLTEMOWXGQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);oxalate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O RGVLTEMOWXGQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QWYFOIJABGVEFP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) iodide Chemical compound [Mn+2].[I-].[I-] QWYFOIJABGVEFP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- TWJXYBSUGSKHPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese;sulfane Chemical compound S.[Mn] TWJXYBSUGSKHPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyllithium Chemical compound C[Li] DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonyl difluoride Chemical group CP(F)(F)=O PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011331 needle coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940078494 nickel acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000159 nickel phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XCCVZTSVSXTDDO-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]Br(=O)=O.[O-]Br(=O)=O XCCVZTSVSXTDDO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.Br[Ni]Br UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZLQBNKOPBDZKDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);diperchlorate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O ZLQBNKOPBDZKDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ALYMILAYQDOMFU-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N ALYMILAYQDOMFU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DOLZKNFSRCEOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);oxalate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O DOLZKNFSRCEOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GXESCWJBJPNJGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);sulfuric acid;sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].OS(O)(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GXESCWJBJPNJGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JOCJYBPHESYFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-K nickel(3+);phosphate Chemical compound [Ni+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O JOCJYBPHESYFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DBJLJFTWODWSOF-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Ni]F DBJLJFTWODWSOF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVHHIDVFSYXCEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) nitrite Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]N=O.[O-]N=O ZVHHIDVFSYXCEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- NHKJPPKXDNZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyllithium Chemical compound [Li]C1=CC=CC=C1 NHKJPPKXDNZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005289 physical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006253 pitch coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002627 poly(phosphazenes) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003151 propanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- PGOLTJPQCISRTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyllithium Chemical compound [Li]C=C PGOLTJPQCISRTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G25/00—Compounds of zirconium
- C01G25/02—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/40—Complex oxides containing cobalt and at least one other metal element
- C01G51/42—Complex oxides containing cobalt and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/40—Complex oxides containing cobalt and at least one other metal element
- C01G51/42—Complex oxides containing cobalt and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2
- C01G51/44—Complex oxides containing cobalt and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2 containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
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Description
(化1)
Li(1+x) Co(1-y) My O(2-z)
(化1において、Mはマグネシウム(Mg),アルミニウム(Al),ホウ素(B),チタン(Ti),バナジウム(V),クロム(Cr),マンガン(Mn),鉄(Fe),ニッケル(Ni),銅(Cu),亜鉛(Zn),モリブデン(Mo),スズ(Sn),タングステン(W),ジルコニウム(Zr),イットリウム(Y),ニオブ(Nb),カルシウム(Ca)およびストロンチウム(Sr)からなる群のうちの少なくとも1種であり、x,yおよびzは、それぞれ−0.10≦x≦0.10、0≦y<0.50、−0.10≦z≦0.20の範囲内の値である。)
Li(1+x) Co(1-y) My O(2-z)
化1において、Mはマグネシウム,アルミニウム,ホウ素,チタン,バナジウム,クロム,マンガン,鉄,ニッケル,銅,亜鉛,モリブデン,スズ,タングステン,ジルコニウム,イットリウム,ニオブ,カルシウムおよびストロンチウムからなる群のうちの少なくとも1種である。
図2は本実施の形態に係る正極活物質を用いた第1の二次電池の断面構造を表すものである。この二次電池は、電極反応物質としてリチウムを用い、負極の容量が、リチウムの吸蔵および放出による容量成分により表されるいわゆるリチウムイオン二次電池である。この二次電池は、いわゆる円筒型といわれるものであり、ほぼ中空円柱状の電池缶11の内部に、一対の帯状の正極21と帯状の負極22とがセパレータ23を介して巻回された巻回電極体20を有している。電池缶11の内部には、液状の電解質である電解液が注入されており、セパレータ23に含浸されている。電池缶11は、例えばニッケルのめっきがされた鉄により構成されており、一端部が閉鎖され他端部が開放されている。電池缶11の内部には、また、巻回電極体20を挟むように巻回周面に対して垂直に一対の絶縁板12,13がそれぞれ配置されている。
図4は本実施の形態に係る正極活物質を用いた第2の二次電池の構成を表すものである。この二次電池は、正極リード31および負極リード32が取り付けられた巻回電極体30をフィルム状の外装部材40の内部に収容したものであり、小型化,軽量化および薄型化が可能となっている。
平均組成がLi1.00Co0.98Al0.01Mg0.01O2.00であり、レーザー散乱法により測定した50%平均粒子径が11μmの複合酸化物粒子300gを、純水600gに分散させた。次いで、硫酸ニッケル(NiSO4 ・6H2 O)1.5mol/lと、硫酸マンガン(MnSO4 ・H2 O)1.5mol/lとを1:1の体積比で混合し、混合溶液を作製した。続いて、複合酸化物粒子を純水に分散させた分散系に作製した混合溶液35mlを3ml/minの速度で添加したのち、25%の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加して分散系の水素イオン指数pHを11.0に調節し、複合酸化物粒子の表面にニッケルとマンガンとを含む水酸化物の被覆前駆層を形成した(ステップS110;図1参照)。
表面前駆層を形成する際に、酸化チタンに代えて、50%平均粒子径が5〜20nmの二酸化ケイ素(SiO2 )粒子0.3g、50%平均粒子径が5〜20nmの酸化マグネシウム(MgO)粒子0.2g、または、50%平均粒子径が5〜20nmの酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2 )粒子0.6gを添加したことを除き、他は実施例1と同様にして正極活物質を作製した。
被覆前駆層を形成する際に、硫酸ニッケル1.5mol/lと、硫酸マンガン1.5mol/lとを3:1の体積比で混合した混合溶液を添加したことを除き、他は実施例1と同様にして正極活物質を作製した。
被覆前駆層を形成する際に、硫酸ニッケル1.5mol/lと、硫酸マンガン1.5mol/lとを3:1の体積比で混合した混合溶液を添加すると共に、表面前駆層を形成する際に、酸化チタンに代えて、50%平均粒子径が5〜20nmの二酸化ケイ素(SiO2 )粒子0.3g、50%平均粒子径が5〜20nmの酸化マグネシウム(MgO)粒子0.2g、または、50%平均粒子径が5〜20nmの酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2 )粒子0.6gを添加したことを除き、他は実施例1と同様にして正極活物質を作製した。
実施例1〜8と同一の複合酸化物粒子をそのまま正極活物質とした。
被覆前駆層を形成する際に、硫酸ニッケル1.5mol/lと、硫酸マンガン1.5mol/lとの体積比を、3:7、1:1、3:2、3:1、または9:1と変化させると共に、表面前駆層を形成せずに、水酸化リチウムのみを添加して混合したことを除き、他は実施例1と同様にして正極活物質を作製した。
ニッケルおよびマンガンに加えて他の元素を含む水酸化物の被覆前駆層を形成すると共に、表面前駆層を形成せずに、水酸化リチウムのみを添加して混合したことを除き、他は実施例1と同様にして正極活物質を作製した。その際、ニッケルとマンガンと他の元素との組成比が表1に示したようになるように、原料の添加量を調節した。
Claims (12)
- 平均組成がLi(1+x) Co(1-y) My O(2-z) (但し、Mはマグネシウム(Mg),アルミニウム(Al),ホウ素(B),チタン(Ti),バナジウム(V),クロム(Cr),マンガン(Mn),鉄(Fe),ニッケル(Ni),銅(Cu),亜鉛(Zn),モリブデン(Mo),スズ(Sn),タングステン(W),ジルコニウム(Zr),イットリウム(Y),ニオブ(Nb),カルシウム(Ca)およびストロンチウム(Sr)からなる群のうちの少なくとも1種であり、x,yおよびzは、それぞれ−0.10≦x≦0.10、0≦y<0.50、−0.10≦z≦0.20の範囲内の値である。)で表される複合酸化物粒子と、
この複合酸化物粒子の少なくとも一部に設けられ、リチウム(Li)と、ニッケルおよびマンガンのうちの少なくとも一方の被覆元素と、酸素(O)とを含む化合物よりなる被覆層と、
この被覆層の少なくとも一部に設けられ、チタン,ケイ素(Si),マグネシウムおよびジルコニウムからなる群のうちの少なくとも1種の表面元素を含む酸化物よりなる表面層と
を備え、
前記被覆層および前記表面層は、前記被覆元素を含む水酸化物の被覆前駆層および前記表面元素を含む表面前駆層が前記複合酸化物粒子に形成され、前記被覆前駆層および前記表面前駆層が300℃以上1000℃以下の温度で加熱処理されることにより得られたものである、
正極活物質。 - 前記被覆層におけるニッケルとマンガンとの組成比は、ニッケル:マンガンのモル比で、100:0から30:70の範囲内である、請求項1記載の正極活物質。
- 前記被覆層は、構成元素として更に、マグネシウム,アルミニウム,ホウ素,チタン,バナジウム,クロム,鉄,コバルト(Co),銅,亜鉛,モリブデン,スズ,タングステン,ジルコニウム,イットリウム,ニオブ,カルシウム,ストロンチウムからなる群のうちの少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1記載の正極活物質。
- 前記表面層は、構成元素として更に、アルミニウム,ホウ素,バナジウム,クロム,マンガン,鉄,コバルト,ニッケル,銅,亜鉛,モリブデン,スズ,タングステン,イットリウム,ニオブ,カルシウムおよびストロンチウムからなる群のうちの少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1記載の正極活物質。
- 平均組成が化1で表される複合酸化物粒子の少なくとも一部に、ニッケルおよびマンガンのうちの少なくとも一方の被覆元素を含む水酸化物の被覆前駆層を形成する工程と、
前記被覆前駆層の少なくとも一部に、チタン,ケイ素(Si),マグネシウムおよびジルコニウムからなる群のうちの少なくとも1種の表面元素を含む表面前駆層を形成する工程と、
前記表面前駆層を形成したのち、加熱処理することにより、リチウム(Li)と前記被覆元素と酸素(O)とを含む化合物よりなる被覆層、および前記表面元素を含む酸化物よりなる表面層を形成する工程と
を含む、正極活物質の製造方法。
(化1)
Li(1+x) Co(1-y) My O(2-z)
(化1において、Mはマグネシウム(Mg),アルミニウム(Al),ホウ素(B),チタン(Ti),バナジウム(V),クロム(Cr),マンガン(Mn),鉄(Fe),ニッケル(Ni),銅(Cu),亜鉛(Zn),モリブデン(Mo),スズ(Sn),タングステン(W),ジルコニウム(Zr),イットリウム(Y),ニオブ(Nb),カルシウム(Ca)およびストロンチウム(Sr)からなる群のうちの少なくとも1種であり、x,yおよびzは、それぞれ−0.10≦x≦0.10、0≦y<0.50、−0.10≦z≦0.20の範囲内の値である。) - 前記加熱処理の温度は、300℃以上1000℃以下とする、請求項5記載の正極活物質の製造方法。
- 正極および負極と共に、電解質を備え、
前記正極は、複合酸化物粒子の少なくとも一部に被覆層が設けられた正極活物質を含有し、
前記複合酸化物粒子は、平均組成がLi(1+x) Co(1-y) My O(2-z) (但し、Mはマグネシウム(Mg),アルミニウム(Al),ホウ素(B),チタン(Ti),バナジウム(V),クロム(Cr),マンガン(Mn),鉄(Fe),ニッケル(Ni),銅(Cu),亜鉛(Zn),モリブデン(Mo),スズ(Sn),タングステン(W),ジルコニウム(Zr),イットリウム(Y),ニオブ(Nb),カルシウム(Ca)およびストロンチウム(Sr)からなる群のうちの少なくとも1種であり、x,yおよびzは、それぞれ−0.10≦x≦0.10、0≦y<0.50、−0.10≦z≦0.20の範囲内の値である。)で表され、
前記被覆層は、リチウム(Li)と、ニッケルおよびマンガンのうちの少なくとも一方の被覆元素と、酸素(O)とを含む化合物よりなり、
この被覆層の少なくとも一部には、チタン,ケイ素(Si),マグネシウムおよびジルコニウムからなる群のうちの少なくとも1種の表面元素を含む酸化物よりなる表面層が設けられ、
前記被覆層および前記表面層は、前記被覆元素を含む水酸化物の被覆前駆層および前記表面元素を含む表面前駆層が前記複合酸化物粒子に形成され、前記被覆前駆層および前記表面前駆層が300℃以上1000℃以下の温度で加熱処理されることにより得られたものである、
二次電池。 - 前記被覆層におけるニッケルとマンガンとの組成比は、ニッケル:マンガンのモル比で、100:0から30:70の範囲内である、請求項7記載の二次電池。
- 前記被覆層は、構成元素として更に、マグネシウム,アルミニウム,ホウ素,チタン,バナジウム,クロム,鉄,コバルト(Co),銅,亜鉛,モリブデン,スズ,タングステン,ジルコニウム,イットリウム,ニオブ,カルシウム,ストロンチウムおよびケイ素からなる群のうちの少なくとも1種を含む、請求項7記載の二次電池。
- 前記表面層は、構成元素として更に、アルミニウム,ホウ素,バナジウム,クロム,マンガン,鉄,コバルト,ニッケル,銅,亜鉛,モリブデン,スズ,タングステン,イットリウム,ニオブ,カルシウムおよびストロンチウムからなる群のうちの少なくとも1種を含む、請求項7記載の二次電池。
- 一対の正極および負極当たりの完全充電状態における開回路電圧が4.25V以上4.55V以下の範囲内である、請求項7記載の二次電池。
- リチウムイオン二次電池である、請求項7記載の二次電池。
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US20070224506A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |