JP4563679B2 - 形成外科における組織弁壊死の予防 - Google Patents
形成外科における組織弁壊死の予防 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4563679B2 JP4563679B2 JP2003550646A JP2003550646A JP4563679B2 JP 4563679 B2 JP4563679 B2 JP 4563679B2 JP 2003550646 A JP2003550646 A JP 2003550646A JP 2003550646 A JP2003550646 A JP 2003550646A JP 4563679 B2 JP4563679 B2 JP 4563679B2
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Description
本出願は、米国特許出願第60/336,175号(2001年12月6日出願)の優先権を主張し、その内容全体は、本明細書に参考として援用される。
本発明は、有茎皮弁または他の顕微手術における、血管収縮の解消または予防および血流減少の予防または血流回復の方法に関する。
外傷もしくは他の損傷のため、または癌組織もしくは他の組織を除去するための手術の後の再構築のために、そのような必要のある部位に、新しい組織を提供するための形成外科/微小血管外科手術において、組織弁は再構築のために使用され得る。特に、組織弁は栄養物血液供給源に関して分離された組織のブロックである。組織がその茎(動脈および静脈)上に転移された時はいつでも、その組織は血管痙攣および血栓症に供され、血管痙攣および血栓症が回復されない場合、組織の壊死を引き起こし得る。
形成外科または他の顕微手術において、血管収縮の回復または予防および有茎皮弁中の血流減少の予防または回復におけるリドカインの効果は、一酸化窒素(NO)および/またはNO供与体および/または組織内でニトロソチオールの形成を引き起こすプロドラッグを、血管拡張剤としてまたはリドカインとの組み合わせで使用することにより従来のリドカインのみの使用と比較した場合、改善かつ延長され得ることが、本明細書中で見出された。
本は発明者らはここで、本発明の第1の実施形態について熟考する。その実施形態は、有茎皮弁において、または任意の微小血管外科手術において、壊死を予防する方法のためであって、この方法は、茎もしくは他の血液供給源に、治療的有効量の血管拡張組成物を局所的に適用する工程を含有し、その組成物は、NOもしくはNO供与体または組織内でニトロソチオールの生成を起こすプロドラッグを、必要に応じてリドカインと組み合わせて含有する。
雄性ラット(N=9)を麻酔し、そして上腹部の動脈および静脈に基づいて皮膚弁(3×3cm)を両側に上げた。茎血管収縮を、10−5Mエンドセニン(endothenin)−1(ET−1)の局所的な適用により誘導した。ET−1適用後15分、生理食塩水に溶解した、2%リドカインまたは10M−4ENOのいずれかを適用した。次の30分間、組織弁血流をレーザーDoppler流量計を用いて測定し、そし茎導管の直径をビデオ顕微鏡を用いて測定した。データーをベースラインの%(平均値±SEM)として表す。二つ一組の比較は、スチューデントt検定を用いて行った。ET−1は、上腹部動脈の69〜76%の血管収縮、上腹部静脈の43〜72%の血管収縮、および組織弁血流のベースラインの35〜45%までの減少を引き起こした。リドカインの適用は、1分以内にベースラインの101±6%までの急速な動脈性血管拡張を起こすが、30分後、その効果はベースラインの82±6%に減少した。静脈は、リドカイン適用後30分でベースラインの68±7%に拡張した。リドカインはまた、2分でベースラインの87±13%に血量を増加させたが、30分後は、たったのベースラインの55±7%であった。ENOは、動脈を1分後にベースラインの83±5%に、および30分後にベースラインの98±5%に拡張し、そして静脈を30分後にベースラインの75±5%に拡張した。ENOは、2分後にベースラインの62±6%に、そして30分後に86±10%に血流を回復した。ENOは、血流のより大きな回復を引き起こし、そして動脈拡張薬(p<0.5)は、各々の拡張薬の適用後、リドカイン開始13分(血量のため)またはリドカイン開始10分(拡張薬のため)と比較した。リドカインは、速い効果を有することが示されたが、ENOは、動脈拡張薬および血量に関してより長い持続性効果およびより大きな効果を有した。
250〜250gmの重さの成体雄性ラット(6)を、吸入麻酔薬としてイソフルレンで誘導した後、50mg/kgの初期用量の腹腔内の過ホウ酸ナトリウムにより麻酔した。追加のペントバルビタールを必要に応じて投与した。ラットの核心温度は、直腸測定により測定し、あんかで36〜38℃に保った。鼠径部および腹部を剃毛した。
頭部腫瘍および頚部腫瘍が切除され、そして前腕組織の自由組織移動で再構築され、顔が再構築後血管痙攣を患いおよび血流量のなくなった、40歳の白人男性を調べた。局所的な亜硝酸エチル(100μM)の適用は、血管拡張を生じ、そして流量を保った。上記の化合物(1)を亜硝酸エチルの代わりに50mMの濃度で適用した場合、同様の結果が得られる。ニトロプルシドナトリウムを亜硝酸エチルの代わりに50mMの濃度で適用した場合、同様の結果が得られる。
緊急CABF(冠状動脈バイパス)を受けた60歳は、移植後、移植片の血管痙攣から心臓虚血となる。リドカイン(2%)の局所的な適用は、一時的だがわずかな血流量となった。100μM亜硝酸エチルの添加は、流量を保持し、そしてEKG(虚血)を正常化した。
米国特許第6,403,759号の実施例14のCX−NOを50mMのゲル中で処方し、そして皮膚に局所的に適用して変形性関節症の疼痛を軽減する。
米国特許第6,403,759号の実施例14のCX−NOを50mMのゲル中で処方し、そしてアスピリンを混合し、そしてその配合は、各100mgアスピリンおよび200mgのCX−NOを含むカプセルを充填するために使用された。カプセルの投与は、いくつかの消化管出血なしに、経口的に頭痛を軽減した。あるいは、CX−NOをアスピリン錠剤(錠剤中に100mgアスピリン)のためのコーティングとして使用するか、またはそのコーティングに含有し、そしてそのコーティングしたアスピリンの経口投与は、同様の結果を提供する。
米国特許第6,403,759号の実施例14のCX−NOを50mMのゲル中で、治療量のインスリンとともに処方する。皮膚への適用は、1型糖尿病の処置である。
米国特許第6,403,759号の実施例14のCX−NOを、代用血液を基にしたヘモグロビンと、500:1のヘモグロビン:NOの割合で処方する。この処方物を患者に投与し、抹消血流量を増加し、かつ高血圧の軽減する。
変更は、当業者に明らかである。従って、本発明の範囲は、請求項により限定される。
Claims (5)
- 有茎皮弁において、壊死を予防するための薬学的組成物であって、該薬学的組成物は、治療的有効量の血管拡張組成物を含み、該組成物は、組織内でニトロソチオールの形成を引き起こすNO供与体を含有し、該薬学的組成物は、局所適用のために処方され、該NO供与体が、分子量10,000までの亜硝酸アルキル、S−ニトロソチオール、および金属ニトロシルからなる群より選択される、薬学的組成物。
- さらにリドカインを含有する、請求項1に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記亜硝酸アルキルが、亜硝酸エチルである、請求項1または2に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記S−ニトロソチオールが、シクロデキストリンNOである、請求項1または2に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記金属ニトロシルがニトロプルシドナトリウムである、請求項1または2に記載の薬学的組成物。
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US33617501P | 2001-12-06 | 2001-12-06 | |
PCT/US2002/036138 WO2003049593A2 (en) | 2001-12-06 | 2002-12-02 | Prevention of flap necrosis in plastic surgery |
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