JP4356410B2 - 化学物質探知装置及び化学物質探知方法 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Description
従来技術7では、夾雑成分の排除にタンデム質量分析を有効に利用しているが、爆薬の探知などのような極微量成分の検出のためには、更なる工夫が必要である。
図4は、本発明の実施例の爆発物探知装置により得られる、有機酸付加イオンの質量スペクトルの一例を示す図である。
図4を用い、本発明の有機酸ドーパントを用いた場合に得られる質量スペクトルを説明する。通常、有機酸ドーパントを導入しない場合は、探知対象物質から生成される分子イオン((M)-)のイオンピーク、探知対象物質から特定分子が脱離した特定分子脱離イオン((M1)-)、又は付加された特定分子付加イオン((M2)-)が検出される。有機酸ドーパントを導入することで有機酸分子から生成されるイオン((D)-)が検出される。また、有機酸分子イオンが付加した有機酸付加イオン((M+D)-)が検出される。有機酸と検出対象とする爆薬の種類によっては、水素が脱離した(M+D-H)-や、水素が付加した(M+D+H)-が検出される場合もある。また、有機酸から生成されるイオンは複数種類得られる場合があるので、有機酸付加イオンも複数種類得られる場合もある。検出対象とする爆薬は様々な種類があり、さらに爆薬と有機酸から生成されるイオンとの付加反応は複雑であるため、どの様な付加イオンが得られるかを予め予測することは難しい。そこで、実験に基づき探知データベースを取得しておく事は重要であり、データ処理装置に格納された探知データベースに基づき対象物質の有無を判定する。
次に、イオン源及び質量分析の詳細を説明する。
図2は、本発明の実施例1の化学物質探知装置における、イオン源及び分析部の一例を示す図である。
図2ではイオン源に大気圧イオン化法を用い、イオン種の分析にイオントラップ質量分析計を用いた構成を示した。このイオン源では、大気中のコロナ放電を利用して一次イオンを生成し、この一次イオンと試料分子との化学反応を利用して試料分子をイオン化する。イオン源には針電極17が配置され、対向電極18との間に高電圧が印加され、針電極先端付近にコロナ放電が発生する。このコロナ放電により、空気中の窒素、酸素、水蒸気などがイオン化され、一次イオンとなる。
生成された試料分子イオンは、対向電極18と細孔付電極(第一細孔)19間に1kV程度の電位差があるため、細孔付電極側(第一細孔)19に移動し、第一細孔20を介して差動排気部21に入る。差動排気部21では断熱膨張が起こり、イオンに溶媒分子が付着するクラスタリングが発生する。このクラスタリングを軽減させるために細孔付電極(第一細孔)19をヒータなどで加熱することが望ましい。
また、爆薬RDXから生成された固有のm/zのイオンピーク以外に、m/z=310に爆薬RDXに乳酸から生成された分子が付加された分子イオン(RDX乳酸由来付加イオン)のイオンピークが検出される。これは爆薬RDX(質量数222)に乳酸由来イオン(質量数89)が付加され、水素(質量数1)が脱離したものである。そこで、この爆薬分子に乳酸から生成された分子が付加した固有のm/zのイオンピーク(RDXの場合、310)を検出することでRDXを探知することができる。
また、m/z=267の様な爆薬だけから生成されるイオンに対してタンデム質量分析を行ない、乳酸付加イオンのタンデム質量分析の結果と組み合わせて、判定し、探知の精度を更に高めても良い。
また、爆薬によっては乳酸付加イオンをタンデム質量分析した場合、乳酸から生成される固有のフラグメントイオンと、爆薬から生成されるフラグメントイオンの信号が共に強く得られる場合がある、その場合は、爆薬から生成されるフラグメントイオンを検出対象とした方が、爆薬の分子構造の特徴を良くあらわしているので好適である。あるいは乳酸から生成された分子のフラグメントイオン及び爆薬から生成された分子のフラグメントイオンの両方を検出対象としても良い。
Claims (13)
- 試料をイオン化するイオン源と、前記試料のイオン種を測定する分析部と、前記イオン種の分析結果に基づいて、検査対象とする目的化学物質の前記試料中での存在の有無を判定するデータ処理装置を有し、該データ処理装置は、前記目的化学物質の分子に対し質量数が40以上400以下の有機酸由来のイオン又は有機酸塩由来のイオンが付加された生成イオンの検出の有無を判定することを特徴とする化学物質探知装置。
- 請求項1に記載の化学物質探知装置において、前記有機酸又は前記有機酸塩が、水酸基又はカルボキシル基を有する有機酸又は有機酸塩、あるいは、乳酸又は乳酸塩であることを特徴とする化学物質探知装置。
- 請求項1に記載の化学物質探知装置において、前記データ処理装置は、前記生成イオンの検出の有無、あるいは、前記有機酸から生成したイオン又は前記有機酸塩から生成したイオンが前記目的化学物質の分子に付加された生成イオンの検出の有無を判定し、前記目的化学物質の存在の有無を判定することを特徴とする化学物質探知装置。
- 請求項1に記載の化学物質探知装置において、前記データ処理装置は、前記目的化学物質から生成したイオンの検出の有無、前記生成イオンの検出の有無、及び、前記有機酸から生成したイオン又は前記有機酸塩から生成したイオンが前記目的化学物質の分子に付加された生成イオンの検出の有無の、いずれか一つ以上の検出の有無を判定し、前記目的化学物質の存在の有無を判定することを特徴とする化学物質探知装置。
- 請求項1に記載の化学物質探知装置において、前記生成イオンに対してタンデム質量分析を行ない、前記データ処理装置は、前記生成イオンの分解イオンの検出の有無を判定し、前記目的化学物質の存在の有無を判定することを特徴とする化学物質探知装置。
- 請求項1に記載の化学物質探知装置において、前記有機酸から生成したイオン又は前記有機酸塩から生成したイオンが前記目的化学物質の分子に付加された生成イオンに対してタンデム質量分析を行ない、前記データ処理装置は、前記有機酸から生成したイオン又は前記有機酸塩から生成したイオンが前記目的化学物質の分子に付加された生成イオンの分解イオンの検出の有無を判定し、前記目的化学物質の存在の有無を判定することを特徴とする化学物質探知装置。
- 請求項1に記載の化学物質探知装置において、前記目的化学物質から生成したイオン、前記生成イオン、及び、前記有機酸から生成したイオン又は前記有機酸塩から生成したイオンが前記目的化学物質の分子に付加された生成イオンのいずれか一つ以上のイオンに対して同時にタンデム質量分析を行ない、前記データ処理装置は、前記目的化学物質から生成したイオンの分解イオンの検出の有無、前記生成イオンの分解イオンの検出の有無を判定し、前記目的化学物質の存在の有無を判定することを特徴とする化学物質探知装置。
- 試料のガスを生成する加熱部と、質量数が40以上400以下の有機酸又は有機酸塩のガスを発生させるガス発生器と、前記加熱部で生成された前記試料のガスに、前記有機酸又は前記有機酸塩のガスを混合させ混合ガスを生成するガス混合部と、前記混合ガスのイオンの質量スペクトルを取得する質量分析部と、前記質量スペクトルに基づいて、検査対象とする目的化学物質の前記試料中での存在の有無を判定するデータ処理装置を有し、該データ処理装置は、前記目的化学物質の分子に対し前記有機酸由来のイオン又は前記有機酸塩由来のイオンが付加された生成イオンの検出の有無を判定し、前記目的化学物質の存在の有無を判定することを特徴とする化学物質探知装置。
- 試料ガスを吸引する吸引部と、質量数が40以上400以下の有機酸又は有機酸塩のガスを発生させるガス発生器と、前記吸引部で吸引された前記試料ガスに、前記有機酸又は前記有機酸塩のガスを混合させ混合ガスを生成するガス混合部と、前記混合ガスのイオンの質量スペクトルを取得する質量分析部と、前記質量スペクトルに基づいて、検査対象とする目的化学物質の前記試料ガス中での存在の有無を判定するデータ処理装置を有し、該データ処理装置は、前記目的化学物質の分子に対し前記有機酸由来のイオン又は前記有機酸塩由来のイオンが付加された生成イオンの検出の有無を判定し、前記目的化学物質の存在の有無を判定することを特徴とする化学物質探知装置。
- 質量数が40以上400以下の有機酸又は有機酸塩が含浸され、検査対象から試料を採取する拭き取り部材と、該拭き取り部材を加熱して前記試料のガスと前記有機酸又は前記有機酸塩のガスが混合された混合ガスを生成する加熱部と、前記混合ガスのイオンの質量スペクトルを取得する質量分析部と、前記質量スペクトルに基づいて、検査対象とする目的化学物質の前記試料中での存在の有無を判定するデータ処理装置を有し、該データ処理装置は、前記目的化学物質の分子に対し前記有機酸由来のイオン又は前記有機酸塩由来のイオンが付加された生成イオンの検出の有無を判定し、前記目的化学物質の存在の有無を判定することを特徴とする化学物質探知装置。
- 試料をイオン化する工程と、前記試料のイオン種を分析する工程と、前記イオン種の分析結果に基づいて、前記目的化学物質の分子に対し質量数が40以上400以下の有機酸由来のイオン又は有機酸塩由来のイオンが付加された生成イオンの検出の有無を判定し、前記目的化学物質の存在の有無を判定する工程とを有することを特徴とする化学物質探知方法。
- 試料ガスを生成する工程と、前記試料ガスに、質量数が40以上400以下の有機酸又は有機酸塩のガスを混合させ混合ガスを生成する工程と、前記混合ガスをイオン化する工程と、前記混合ガスのイオンの質量スペクトルを取得する工程と、前記目的化学物質の分子に対し前記有機酸由来のイオン又は前記有機酸塩由来のイオンが付加された生成イオンの検出の有無を判定し、前記目的化学物質の存在の有無を判定する工程とを有することを特徴とする化学物質探知方法。
- 請求項1に記載の化学物質探知装置において、前記生成イオンは、前記イオン源において生成されることを特徴とする化学物質探知装置。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2003329294A JP4356410B2 (ja) | 2003-09-22 | 2003-09-22 | 化学物質探知装置及び化学物質探知方法 |
US10/780,880 US7015464B2 (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2004-02-19 | Apparatus for detecting chemical substances and method therefor |
US11/324,231 US7408153B2 (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2006-01-04 | Apparatus for detecting chemical substances and method therefor |
US12/216,993 US7820965B2 (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2008-07-14 | Apparatus for detecting chemical substances and method therefor |
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US20090084950A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
US7408153B2 (en) | 2008-08-05 |
US7820965B2 (en) | 2010-10-26 |
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