JP4342900B2 - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator suitable for continuous excavation of a pit having a bent portion, such as when excavating a shaft from a ground side to a predetermined depth and then continuously excavating a horizontal shaft from the bottom of the shaft.

  Conventionally, excavation of horizontal and inclined shafts using a rock tunnel excavator (TBM) has been performed. After excavating the shaft down to a predetermined depth from the ground side with this tunnel excavator, the bottom of the shaft is excavated. Since it is difficult to change the direction of the tunnel excavator in an arbitrary direction at a steep angle, it is difficult to continuously excavate a tunnel having a bent portion of an arbitrary angle, such as continuously excavating a horizontal shaft from Not done.

  On the other hand, in the case of a shield excavator used not in a rock tunnel but in an earth and sand tunnel, as a method of continuously excavating a vertical shaft and a horizontal shaft with a single excavator, for example, it is described in Japanese Patent No. 2852948 As described above, the shield machine is supported at the front end opening of the shaft shield frame provided with the propulsion jack so that the shield machine can be swung freely, and reaches from the outer peripheral surface of the skin end of the shield machine to the rear end of the shaft shield frame. Using a drilling device with a sheath pipe detachably attached to the outer peripheral surface, first, against the segment covering the excavation wall surface with the shield excavator and the shaft shield frame held straight by the sheath pipe The shaft is dug to a predetermined depth by extending the propulsion jack with force, and then the shield excavator is swung horizontally. It is possible to excavate the adit has been carried out.

  At this time, in order to turn the shield excavator from the vertical state to the horizontal direction, first, a plurality of the above-mentioned sheath pipes that hold the shield excavator and the shield frame for the shaft in a straight shape are installed on the ground. By driving a winch, the shield excavator is pulled horizontally to the ground via a wire, and then the swivel jack connecting the shaft frame and the rear spherical wall of the shield excavator is operated to move the shield excavator horizontally. Is aimed at. Next, after dismantling and removing the above-mentioned rear spherical wall of the swivel jack and shield excavator, the swivel center shaft, etc., the skin plate is added in a cylindrical shape, and the facilities necessary for excavation of the horizontal shaft are installed inside it. ing.

Japanese Patent No. 2852948

  However, according to such an excavation device for a vertical shaft and a horizontal shaft, when excavating the vertical shaft, since the shield machine always presses the cutter head against the face by its own weight, if applied to a rock tunnel, In addition to not being able to excavate efficiently according to the rock quality, there is a possibility that the excavation bit will be damaged in a short time due to excessive pressure acting on the excavation bit of the cutter head.

Even if it can be applied to a rock tunnel, when the excavator is turned to a horizontal state after excavation of the shaft, the sheath pipe that holds the shield excavator and the shaft shield frame straight must be removed. Narazu, since the sheath tube which is in sliding contact with the drilling wall even attempt to raise through the wire by driving a plurality of winches installed in the ground, is performed smoothly pulled engages with the excavation walls There is a problem that the removal work requires considerable labor.

  In addition, even if the swivel jack that connects the vertical frame and the rear spherical wall of the shield excavator is operated, the shield excavator cannot be swiveled 90 degrees at a time. Need to be replaced. In addition, after turning the shield excavator horizontally, after dismantling and removing the swivel jack, the rear spherical wall of the shield excavator, the swivel center shaft, etc., add the skin plate into a cylindrical shape and add it inside. Since the equipment necessary for excavation of the horizontal shaft is installed, it is necessary to remodel the shield excavator for horizontal shaft excavation except for the cutter head, which is almost different from that for vertical shaft excavation. There was a problem that a long construction period was required for excavation work from the vertical shaft to the horizontal shaft. Further, when turning again at a steep angle, it is necessary to reattach the above-described sheath tube, turning jack, and spherical wall, and such work is practically difficult.

  For this reason, it cannot be used in rock tunnels. For this reason, when constructing a bent part in a rock tunnel, take out the excavator and the subsequent carriage, etc., and use a rock drill or the like. After excavating the tunnel tip (face), there is only a means to carry the excavator and the subsequent carriage into the mine again, change the direction of the excavator to the desired direction, and re-dig up. Was necessary and very difficult.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its object is to provide a pit having a bent portion using a gripper shoe type rock tunnel excavator (TBM) without a skin plate. The object is to provide a tunnel excavator that can continuously and efficiently excavate.

In order to achieve the above object, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention has a cutter head rotatably disposed at the tip of an excavator main body and the excavator main body immediately after the cutter head. Gripper shoes that extend and contract in the radial direction of the excavator main body by jacks are attached to the outer periphery, and one of the two gripper shoes facing in parallel with each other is connected to the axis of the excavator main body. In the tunnel excavator mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis orthogonal to the above, the one set of gripper shoes is formed into a gripper shoe main body and a divided gripper shoe piece by dividing the side portion thereof. At the same time, the brackets can be fixed to the inner surfaces of the opposing side portions of the gripper shoe main body and the split gripper shoe piece, and the brackets can be removed. Yes fixed by belt, the dividing gripper excavator body to contract the other of the pair of gripper shoes causes crimp a set of grippers shoe of one excavation wall when changing its direction to the axis around The shoe piece is removed to provide a space where the cutter head can turn .

In the invention according to claim 2, a cutter head is rotatably disposed at the tip of the excavator body, and is extended and contracted in the radial direction of the excavator body by jacks on the outer periphery of the excavator body immediately after the cutter head. A gripper shoe is mounted and one of the two gripper shoes facing each other in parallel is mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the excavator body. In the tunnel excavator, the one set of gripper shoes includes a gripper shoe main body and a split gripper shoe piece that is installed in a side portion of the gripper shoe main body so as to be able to protrude and retract sideways. When the pair of gripper shoes is pressed against the excavation wall surface and the other pair of gripper shoes is contracted, the excavator body changes its direction around the axis. The gripper shoe pieces were accommodated in the gripper shoe body is configured to provide a pivotable space of the cutter head.

Furthermore, in the invention according to claim 3, a cutter head is rotatably disposed at the tip of the excavator body, and is extended and contracted in the radial direction of the excavator body by jacks on the outer periphery of the excavator body immediately after the cutter head. A gripper shoe is mounted and one of the two gripper shoes facing each other in parallel is mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the excavator body. In the tunnel excavator, the one set of gripper shoes is composed of a gripper shoe main body and a split gripper shoe piece disposed on the side surface of the gripper shoe main body so as to be foldable inwardly. When the pair of gripper shoes is pressed against the excavation wall surface and the other pair of gripper shoes is contracted to change the direction of the excavator body about the axis. Is configured to provide a pivotable space of the cutter head is folded the serial split gripper shoe pieces inward.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the gripper shoe that extends and contracts in the radial direction of the excavator main body by the jack is provided on the four outer circumferences immediately after the cutter head rotatably disposed at the tip of the excavator main body. Although the skin plate is not provided on the machine body, the gripper shoe is pressed against the excavation wall surface of the mine to prevent collapse of the excavation wall surface excavated by the cutter head, and the excavator body is attached to the cutter head. Excavation according to the situation of the face ground is possible without excessive force due to its own weight, etc., and excavation of shafts such as shafts can be performed efficiently.

  Furthermore, in the gripper shoes arranged on the outer periphery of the excavator body, one set of gripper shoes facing each other is mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the excavator body. Then, after contracting the other pair of gripper shoes parallel to each other, the entire excavator body is integrated with the other pair of parallel gripper shoes with the one pair of gripper shoes crimped to the excavation wall as a fulcrum. The direction can be changed easily and at a steep angle in a predetermined direction at a predetermined angle, for example, in a direction to be excavated sideways from a vertical shaft.

In addition, the one pair of gripper shoes is formed by dividing the side portion into a gripper shoe main body and a split gripper shoe piece, and opposite side portions of the gripper shoe main body and the split gripper shoe piece. The brackets are fixed to the inner surface of each of them, and the brackets are fixed to each other by a removable bolt. One set of gripper shoes is pressed against the excavation wall surface and the other set of gripper shoes is contracted. When the excavator body is turned around the axis, the split gripper shoe piece is removed to provide a space where the cutter head can be swiveled. Despite having the gripper shoe above, the cutter head is obstructed by the gripper shoe that is crimped to the drilling wall. Smoothly it can change the direction only is rotated in a predetermined excavation direction a predetermined angle ensures the entire excavator body without being.

  Moreover, after changing the orientation of the entire excavator body in this way, the other pair of gripper shoes that have been contracted are stretched and crimped to the excavation wall surface, while the one pair of gripper shoes are contracted. By rotating these gripper shoes to their original state and then crimping them to the excavation wall surface, the excavator can be easily repositioned in the direction that changed its direction without requiring any complicated work or operation. While being able to return, the excavator can continuously excavate a pit having the same diameter as the shaft in that direction.

When the excavator body changes the direction of the excavation direction, the relief portion provided in a part of one set of gripper shoes is provided as described in claim 2 so as not to interfere with the turning movement of the cutter head. as may be split gripper shoe piece in the gripper shoe body had been disposed retractably on the side of the gripper shoe body, or, as in the invention described in claim 3, the side surface of the gripper shoe body The split gripper shoe piece may be foldable toward the inside of the excavator, and in either case, the split gripper shoe piece may be immersed in the side of the gripper shoe body, or the gripper shoe body By refracting backward from the side surface of the cutter, the entire excavator body can be reliably rotated by a predetermined angle without the outer periphery of the cutter head contacting the gripper shoe as described above. It can be caused to change the direction to the constant of the excavation direction. Further, during normal mine excavation, the split gripper shoe piece is kept flush with the side portion of the gripper shoe main body so as to be in contact with the excavation wall surface with a large pressure-bonding area. You can dig while preventing collapse.

  Next, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a simplified longitudinal front view of a tunnel excavator A excavating a shaft B, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the gripper shoe portion. The excavator main body 1 has a circular inner surface on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical body 1a formed to have the same length as the diameter of the vertical shaft B to be excavated or slightly shorter. A plurality of jacks 3A are fixed to four rectangular end faces of the rectangular frame 1b, that is, four flat faces parallel to the length direction of the excavator body 1. 3B, gripper shoes 2 that extend and contract in the radial direction are disposed, and a cutter head 4 is rotatably disposed on the front end (lower end) side of the cylindrical body 1a. The cylindrical body 1a in the excavator main body 1 may be a rectangular tube or a cylinder, and the rectangular frame 1b is integrated with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 1a. It may be fixed so as to be rotatable around the cylindrical body 1a without being fixed to the body.

  The gripper shoe 2 disposed on the outer periphery of the rectangular frame 1b in the excavator body 1 is a rectangular plate whose length in the front-rear direction is shorter than the length of the cylindrical body 1a, and the outer surface of the gripper shoe 2 is circumferential. A convex arcuate curved outer surface 21 that is curved with the same degree of curvature as the circumferential direction of the excavation wall surface (in the width direction) is formed.

  Further, in the two sets of gripper shoes 2 and 2 that are parallel to each other in the diametrical direction of the excavator body 1, one set of gripper shoes 2A and 2A is arranged around an axis orthogonal to the axis of the excavator body 1. The other pair of gripper shoes 2B and 2B are rotated about an axis orthogonal to the axis of the excavator body 1 in the same manner as the one pair of gripper shoes 2A and 2A. Although it may be mounted movably, in the drawing, it is mounted non-rotatably on mutually parallel surfaces of the rectangular frame 1b.

  The mounting structure of these gripper shoes 2A and 2B to the rectangular frame 1b of the excavator body 1 will be described in more detail. On the flat four side end surfaces of the outer periphery of the rectangular frame 1b, as shown in FIG. 5 is fixed, and the support bases 6A and 6A are superposed on one set of the fixed base plates 5 and 5 in the two sets of the fixed base plates 5 and 5 parallel to each other, and the central portion is fixed to the fixed base plates 5 and 5 The support bases 6B and 6B are fixed on a pair of fixed base plates 5 and 5 while being pivotally attached to a support shaft 7 projecting from the center of the base, and these rotational support bases 6A The base ends of the plurality of jacks 3A and 3B are connected to the outer surfaces of 6A and the fixed support bases 6B and 6B so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction (the length direction of the excavator body 1), and the tip end of the rod Is rotatably connected to the inner surfaces of the gripper shoes 2A and 2B.

  As the rotation drive mechanism 8 of the rotation support bases 6A, 6A, the side of the rectangular frame 1b and the rotation support base 6A are connected by a jack, and the rotation support base 6A is rotated by the operation of the jack. Alternatively, the rotation support base 6A can be rotated by the operation of the jack while connecting the excavation wall surface t and the rotation support base 6A in an oblique direction with a jack and applying a reaction force to the excavation wall surface. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a rotation motor 8a is installed on the rectangular frame 1b, and the pinion 8b fixed to the rotation shaft of the motor 8a is connected to the rotation support member. The rotation support member 6A is rotated around the support shaft 7 by being engaged with a circular rack 8c provided integrally with the support shaft 7 at 6A and driven by a rotation motor 8a. Further, the rotation support base 6A is normally fixed to the fixed base plate 5 with a bolt (not shown) so as not to rotate, and the convex arcuate curved outer surface 21 of the gripper shoes 2A, 2A is arranged around the excavation wall t. It is held in the direction.

  Further, when two pairs of gripper shoes 2A, 2A: 2B, 2B parallel to each other are arranged on the four sides of the rectangular frame 1b of the excavator body 1 as described above, the gripper shoes 2A, 2B are The front end face (front end face) is made to be close to the outer peripheral edge of the cutter head 4 rotatably disposed on the front end side of the excavator main body 1 and is directly opposed to the cutter head 4, and the rear end face (Base end face) is located on the outer periphery of the rear end of the cylindrical body 1a of the excavator body 1, that is, the tubular body 1a is protruded rearward from the rear ends of the gripper shoes 2A and 2B. As described above, excavation is performed by mounting the rectangular frame body 1b on all four sides and bringing the opposing side end surfaces of the adjacent gripper shoes 2A and 2B close to each other to reduce the interval W between these side end surfaces. Increase the crimping area of gripper shoes 2A and 2B against wall t These grippers shoe 2A while preventing the collapse of the excavation wall, and configured to securely perform the support of the excavator main body 1 by 2B.

  As described above, when the circumferential width of the gripper shoes 2A and 2B is increased and these gripper shoes 2A and 2B are disposed immediately after the cutter head 4, the one set of gripper shoes 2A and 2A is excavated. After the other pair of gripper shoes 2B, 2B is contracted in a state of being crimped to the wall t, the excavator body 1 is used as the fulcrum with the one pair of gripper shoes 2A, 2A by the rotational drive mechanism 8. When the cutter head 4 provided at the tip of the excavator main body 1 is pivoted together with the excavator main body 1 and is crimped to the excavation wall surface t when rotated in a direction that is refracted with respect to the previous excavation direction. One side of the pair of gripper shoes 2A, 2A abuts and cannot change its direction in a predetermined direction. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the abutment for avoiding the abutment of the cutter head 4 on the side portion of the one set of gripper shoes 2A, 2A on the side overlapping the turning trajectory of the cutter head 4. A relief part is provided.

  As an example of the configuration of the escape portion, in FIG. 2, the side portion of the one set of gripper shoes 2A, 2A on the side where the cutter head 4 pivots is divided to make the gripper shoe 2A a gripper shoe body. A split gripper shoe piece 2 'is formed, and this split gripper shoe piece 2' is detachably connected to a split side surface of the gripper shoe body to form a gripper shoe 2A having the same width as the other gripper shoe 2B, By removing the split gripper shoe piece 2 ′ from the gripper shoe main body, the outer periphery of the cutter head 4 that pivots into the space generated by the removal is passed.

  As a structure for detachably connecting the split gripper shoe piece 2 ′ to the side surface of the main body in the gripper shoe 2A, brackets 22 are provided at several locations on the inner surface of the split opposing side portion of the gripper shoe main body and the split gripper shoe piece 2 ′. Each bracket 23 is fixed, and the brackets 22 and 23 are fixed by detachable bolts 24.

  Further, the jacks 3A and 3B connecting the gripper shoes 2A and 2B and the support bases 6A and 6B are provided at the rear of the excavator body 1 from the support bases 6A and 6B toward the gripper shoes 2A and 2B (in the figure). Is a propulsion inclined jack 3A inclined to the upper side, and a support inclined to the front (downward in the figure) side of the excavator body 1 from the support bases 6A, 6B toward the gripper shoes 2A, 2B. The excavator body 1 is more than necessary by crimping the gripper shoes 2A, 2B to the excavation wall t by the extension of the support inclined jack 3B, which is composed of the inclined jack 3B and is inclined forward from the support bases 6A, 6B. The excavator main body 1 is dug by the extension of the propulsion inclined jack 3A that is inclined toward the front side from the support bases 6A and 6B.

  On the other hand, the cutter head 4 has an outer diameter larger than that of the excavator body 1 and is formed in a reverse truncated cone shape inclined rearward (upward) from the rotation center 41 toward the outer peripheral end. A large number of roller bits 42 project from the excavation surface, and further, a slip-in opening 43 is provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and the side end facing the rotation direction of the slip-in opening 43 A scraper 44 for taking the excavation slip into the machine is attached to the edge.

  Further, an arm member 45 is projected from the outer peripheral end of the cutter head 4 toward the inner diameter direction, and a ring member 46 is integrally fixed to the inner end of the arm member 45, and the ring member 46 is attached to the excavator body 1. The rectangular frame 1b is rotatably supported at the lower end (tip portion) of the circular inner peripheral surface of the rectangular frame 1b, and the internal gear 47 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the ring member 46 is connected to the rectangular frame 1b. The external gear 9a fixed to the rotating shaft of the driving motor 9 installed above is engaged, and the cutter head 4 is rotated by driving the motor 9.

  The rear end (upper end) of the tunnel excavator A configured in this way is connected in a state where a plurality of flat rectangular-shaped units (three in the figure), 10, 11, 12 are stacked in a vertically detachable manner. Each succeeding platform 10-12 is integrally provided with a cylindrical columnar body 13, 14, 15 of the same size and shape as the cylindrical body 1a of the excavator body 1 at the center thereof, and is adjacent vertically. The opposite end surfaces of the column bodies in the subsequent stage are detachably connected and communicated with each other, and the lower end opening of the column body 15 of the lower subsequent stage 12 is detachably connected to the upper end opening of the cylindrical body 1a. Further, the excavation gap is configured to be carried out upward from the cylindrical body 1a of the excavator main body 1 through the support bodies 13 to 15 by appropriate conveying means such as a bucket conveyor.

  In addition, the succeeding stands 10-12 formed in the plane rectangular shape are shorter than the excavation diameter of the vertical shaft B or the horizontal shaft C described later, with the length of the diagonal line in the plane and the height of each succeeding stand 10-12. Is formed at a height. The upper succeeding platform 10 is provided with equipment for constructing lining concrete on the excavation wall t, for example, the intermediate succeeding platform 11 is provided with various hydraulic facilities, and the lower succeeding platform 12 is locked. A bolt placing device 16 and a lining concrete spraying device (not shown) are arranged to perform operations such as primary lining on the excavation wall surface t.

  Next, with the tunnel excavator A configured as described above, first, in order to excavate the vertical shaft B vertically down to a predetermined depth, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. The installed gripper shoes 2A and 2B are pressure-bonded to the excavation wall surface t by the inclined jacks 3A and 3B, thereby taking a reaction force against the excavation wall surface t and supporting the tunnel excavator A and the subsequent platforms 10 to 12 Then, the rock slope of the face is excavated by rotating the cutter head 4 while propelling the tunnel excavator A downward by extending the propulsion inclined jack 3A inclined obliquely upward from the rectangular frame 1b. In addition, the slanting jack 3B for slanting slantingly downward from the rectangular frame 1b adjusts the pressure-bonding force of the lower end portions of the gripper shoes 2A and 2B against the excavation wall surface t, and the tunnel excavator A descends more than necessary. Is to prevent

  When tunnel excavator A digs for a certain length due to the extension of propulsion inclined jacks 3A, 3A, the inclined jacks 3A, 3A are contracted and the pressure applied to the excavation wall t by the inclined inclined jack 3B is reduced. Thus, the four gripper shoes 2A and 2B are advanced (down) to the next position, and then the inclined jacks 3A and 3B are extended again to dig up the shaft B.

  In this way, when the tunnel excavator A is dug downward together with the succeeding platforms 10 to 12 and the shaft B is excavated to a predetermined depth, first, as shown in FIG. After the upper follower base 10 is suspended from the excavation wall t or the ground crane by the wire rope 17 in a state where 10 to 12 are integrally connected, the tunnel excavator A is advanced to a predetermined depth, and the follower base 10 to 12 are cut off from the tunnel excavator A, and then the tunnel excavator A is slightly retracted by extending the slanting jack 3B to be separated from the face surface. The support of the subsequent platforms 10 to 12 is not limited to the above-described configuration. For example, a jack may be attached to several positions on the side of the subsequent platform, and the jack may be extended and crimped to the excavation wall t. . Further, only the cutter head 4 may be retracted without retreating the tunnel excavator A, and further, it is not necessary to retreat at all.

In this state, the rotation support base 6A on which one pair of gripper shoes 2A, 2A is mounted can be rotated with respect to the fixed base plate 5 by removing the fixing bolts, and these gripper shoes 2A, 2A As shown in FIG. 4, the split gripper shoe pieces 2 'and 2' connected to the side surface of the main body are removed from the gripper shoe main body, and the main body of the gripper shoes 2A and 2A is further attached to the excavation wall t. One set of gripper shoes 2B, 2B is brought into a crimped state, and the diameter of the other pair of gripper shoes 2B, 2B is reduced inwardly toward the excavator body 1 by contracting the jacks 3A, 3B supporting them. Keep it. If necessary, a roller bit 42 ′ is attached to the outermost peripheral end of the cutter head 4.
Wear.

  After that, when the cutter head 4 is rotated and the motor 8a of the rotational drive mechanism 8 is driven, the one set of the above-mentioned one set in which the pinion 8b fixed to the rotating shaft of the motor 8a is pressure-bonded to the excavation wall surface t. The gripper shoes 2A and 2A are fixed support bases 6B and 6B in which the motor 8a is installed by moving in the circumferential direction while meshing with the circular rack 8c provided on the outer peripheral end face of the rotation support base 6A of the main body of FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the gripper shoes 2A and 2A rotate around the support shaft 7 with the main body as a fulcrum, and the excavator main body 1 gradually changes its direction from one vertical side to the other side by the cutter head 4. Cut one side wall surface of the excavation wall surface t of B.

  When the excavator body 1 changes its direction, the cutter head 4 provided on the tip side of the excavator body 1 also swivels together with the excavator body 1, but is crimped to the excavation wall surface t. Since the split gripper shoe piece 2 'located on the turning trajectory of the cutter head 4 is removed from the side surface of the pair of gripper shoes 2A, 2A, the cutter head 4 is obstructed by the turning movement. Without being able to rotate smoothly together with the excavator main body 1 until it faces a predetermined direction.

  Thus, when the excavator main body 1 is rotated about the support shaft 7 by 90 degrees and turned in the horizontal direction, the other pair of gripper shoes 2B contracting as shown in FIGS. 2B changes its direction integrally with the excavator body 1 and the outer surface 21 curved in a convex arc shape is directed to the circumferential direction of the excavation wall surface t ′ of the horizontal shaft C to be excavated next. The one pair of gripper shoes 2A, 2A that are crimped to the excavation wall t at the bottom keeps a state suitable for excavation of the shaft B even when the excavator body 1 changes its direction in the horizontal direction. Yes.

  In order to make the pair of gripper shoes 2A and 2A main body suitable for excavating the horizontal shaft C, first, as shown in FIG. 9, the back dug portion at the bottom of the excavated shaft B is backfilled. Next, after forming the bottom face D connected to the bottom face of the horizontal pit C to be excavated, the other pair of gripper shoes 2B, 2B which are contracted is extended to be opposed to the bottom face D. The excavator main body 1 is supported by bringing the shoe 2B into contact with the bottom surface portion D, and after this state, one set of gripper shoes 2A and 2A main body crimped to the excavation wall surface t is contracted.

  Thereafter, when the motor 8a of the rotation drive mechanism 8 is driven to rotate the rotation support bases 6A and 6A on the fixed plates 5 and 5 until the rotation angle reaches 90 degrees, these gripper shoes 2A, 2A main body is in a state suitable for excavating the horizontal shaft C, that is, the outer surfaces 21, 21 curved in a convex arc shape are directed in the circumferential direction of the horizontal wall t 'of the horizontal shaft C. .

  Next, after attaching the above-mentioned divided gripper shoe pieces 2 'and 2' that have been removed when the excavator body 1 is rotated to the side surfaces of the gripper shoes 2A and 2A to restore the original shape, The rotation support bases 6A, 6A of these gripper shoes 2A, 2A are fixed to the fixed base plates 5, 5. After that, as shown in FIG. 10, a gripper shoe 2A, 2A is interposed between the gripper shoes 2A, 2A and the excavation wall surface t at the bottom of the shaft B, and the gripper shoes 2A, 2A are connected to the excavation wall surface t via the padding E. In this state, the tunnel excavator A is excavated in the horizontal direction to excavate the horizontal pit C by operating the propulsion inclined jack 3A and the thrust inclined jack 3B while rotating the cutter head 4 in this state. .

  When the side pit C is excavated for about 20 to 30 m, rails 18 are laid on the inner bottom surface of the side pit C as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 and separated from the excavator body 1 after excavation of the shaft B. The succeeding bases 10 to 12 suspended on the excavation wall surface t in the upper part of the bottom are separated one by one and sequentially arranged on the rail 18 so as to freely run and connected to the excavator body 1 in series. To do. At this time, the wheels 19 of the subsequent platforms 10 to 12 are carried in advance from the ground to the subsequent platforms 10 to 12 when excavating the shaft B, and are laid on the rail 18 after being laid on the rail 18. It is attached to the bottom surface of the succeeding bases 10 to 12 as a cart.

  In this way, the tunnel excavator A is connected to the tunnel excavator A in sequence, using various equipment such as hydraulic equipment and lining equipment disposed in the subsequent carts 10 to 12. Is excavated to excavate a horizontal pit C having a predetermined length. In addition, the excavation of the horizontal pit C by the tunnel excavator A is performed by extending the sloping jacks 3A and 3A for propulsion as described above in a state where the four gripper shoes 2A and 2B are pressed against the excavation wall surface t ′. When a certain length of the horizontal shaft is excavated, one pair of gripper shoes 2A, 2A parallel to each other is separated from the excavation wall t 'of the horizontal shaft C by contraction of the inclined jacks 3A, 3B, and then extended. Then, the excavation wall surface t ′ is crimped to the excavation wall surface portion having a predetermined length from the previous crimping portion, and then the other pair of gripper shoes 2B, 2B is excavated in the horizontal shaft C by contraction of the inclined jacks 3A, 3B. After being separated from the wall t ′, it is also stretched by crimping it to the drilling wall t ′ that will be the next excavation start position, and then the propulsion inclined jacks 3A and 3A are stretched for digging. is there.

  In the above embodiment, the cutter head 4 is provided on the side of the pair of gripper shoes 2A, 2A on the side overlapping the turning trajectory of the cutter head 4 so as to avoid contact of the cutter head 4. As the escape portion, the split gripper shoe piece 2 ′ is detachably connected to the side surface of the gripper shoe 2A. As shown in FIG. 13, the split gripper shoe 2A is attached to the side of the gripper shoe 2A main body as shown in FIG. A chamber 25 is provided in which the piece 2 ′ can be moved in and out in the circumferential direction (side), and when excavating the tunnel, the split gripper shoe piece 2 ′ is projected outward from the chamber 25 to be a part of the gripper shoe 2A. You may comprise so that it may not interfere with turning of the cutter head 4 which accommodates in the chamber 25 and rotates with the excavator main body 1 at the time of direction change. In this case, a jack (not shown) may be employed as means for causing the divided gripper shoe piece 2 'to appear and disappear from the chamber 25.

  Furthermore, as another structure of the escape portion, as shown in FIG. 14, a split gripper shoe piece 2 ′ is refracted toward the inside of the excavator through a hinge 26 on the side surface of the gripper shoe 2A. Or you may arrange | position so that folding is possible. In this case, the inner surface of the gripper shoe 2A and the inner surface of the split gripper shoe piece 2 'are connected by a jack (not shown), and the split gripper shoe piece 2' is supported with the hinge 26 as a fulcrum by expansion and contraction of the jack. What is necessary is just to make it rotate back. In the above embodiment, the continuous excavation method of the bent portion from the vertical shaft B to the horizontal shaft C has been described. However, the tunnel excavator A is not limited to the vertical shaft B or the horizontal shaft C, and the tunnel (tunnel) being excavated by the tunnel excavator A ) Can be carried out naturally even when the pit is continuously excavated in an arbitrary direction at a steep angle with respect to the pit.

The simplified longitudinal front view of the tunnel excavator which excavated the vertical shaft to the predetermined depth. The simplified cross-sectional view of the gripper shoe part arrange | positioned in the four directions. The simplified longitudinal cross-sectional front view of the state which separated the subsequent stand from the excavator main body. The simplified cross-sectional view of the state which contracted the other set of gripper shoes. The simplified longitudinal front view of the state which is changing the direction of the excavator body in the horizontal direction. The simplified cross-sectional view of the gripper shoe part. The simplified longitudinal cross-sectional front view of the state which changed the direction of the excavator main body horizontally. The simplified cross-sectional view. The simplified longitudinal front view of the state which extended the other set of gripper shoes. The simplified cross-sectional view. The simplified longitudinal front view of the state which excavates the horizontal shaft. The simplified cross-sectional view. The simplified cross-sectional view which shows another embodiment of the escape part from the contact | abutting of the cutter head provided in the side part of the gripper shoe. The simplified cross-sectional view which shows another embodiment of the escape part from the contact | abutting of the cutter head provided in the side part of the gripper shoe.

Explanation of symbols

A Tunnel excavator B Vertical shaft C Horizontal shaft t Drilling wall 1 Excavator body
2A, 2B Gripper shoe
2 'Split gripper shoe piece
3A, 3B Inclined jack 4 Cutter head 5 Fixed base plate 6 Support base 8 Rotation drive mechanism

Claims (3)

A cutter head is rotatably disposed at the tip of the excavator main body, and gripper shoes that extend and contract in the radial direction of the excavator main body by jacks are attached to the outer peripheral four sides of the excavator main body immediately after the cutter head. Of the two pairs of gripper shoes facing each other in parallel, in the tunnel excavator in which one set of gripper shoes is rotatably mounted about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the excavator body, the one set of the above These gripper shoes are divided into side parts and formed into gripper shoe bodies and split gripper shoe pieces, and brackets are fixed to the inner surfaces of the opposing side parts of these gripper shoe bodies and split gripper shoe pieces, respectively. crimping of Te Yes fixed by volt-removable these brackets together, a pair of grippers shoe of this one drilling wall The excavator body configured to remove the split gripper shoe piece provided pivotable space of the cutter head when changing its direction to the axis around the Rutotomoni other pair of gripper shoes to contract tunneling machine, characterized in that there. A cutter head is rotatably disposed at the tip of the excavator main body, and gripper shoes that extend and contract in the radial direction of the excavator main body by jacks are attached to the outer peripheral four sides of the excavator main body immediately after the cutter head. Of the two pairs of gripper shoes facing each other in parallel, in the tunnel excavator in which one set of gripper shoes is rotatably mounted about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the excavator body, the one set of the above The gripper shoe is composed of a gripper shoe main body and a split gripper shoe piece which is installed in a side portion of the gripper shoe main body so as to be able to protrude and retract sideways, and this one pair of gripper shoes is pressed against a drilling wall surface. When the other pair of gripper shoes is contracted to change the direction of the excavator body about the axis, the split gripper shoe pieces are gripped by the gripper shoes. Tunneling machine, characterized in that is configured to provide a pivotable space of the cutter head is housed in the-menu body. A cutter head is rotatably disposed at the tip of the excavator main body, and gripper shoes that extend and contract in the radial direction of the excavator main body by jacks are attached to the outer peripheral four sides of the excavator main body immediately after the cutter head. Of the two pairs of gripper shoes facing each other in parallel, in the tunnel excavator in which one set of gripper shoes is rotatably mounted about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the excavator body, the one set of the above The gripper shoe is composed of a gripper shoe main body and a split gripper shoe piece that is foldable inwardly on the side surface of the gripper shoe main body, and presses the one pair of gripper shoes to the excavation wall surface. When the other pair of gripper shoes is contracted to change the direction of the excavator body about the axis, the split gripper shoe pieces are inwardly moved. Tunneling machine, characterized in that is configured to provide a pivotable space of the cutter head folded.

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