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JP4220599B2 - Lubricating oil composition - Google Patents

Lubricating oil composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4220599B2
JP4220599B2 JP25644398A JP25644398A JP4220599B2 JP 4220599 B2 JP4220599 B2 JP 4220599B2 JP 25644398 A JP25644398 A JP 25644398A JP 25644398 A JP25644398 A JP 25644398A JP 4220599 B2 JP4220599 B2 JP 4220599B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
oil
lubricating oil
weight
composition
kinematic viscosity
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JP25644398A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000087065A (en
Inventor
豊 高倉
俊彦 市橋
順一 弟子丸
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Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
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Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は潤滑油組成物に関し、さらに詳しくは、低温から高温まで優れた消泡性を維持する油圧油や自動変速機油等として好適な潤滑油組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
油圧装置やオートマチックトランスミッション(AT)は高性能化、小型化に伴い、油圧油やATFに対して高負荷、高性能化が求められている。そこで、連続した高負荷運転や高速走行を行うと発泡に伴い油温が上昇し、次のような現象が発生する。▲1▼泡抱き込みにより油圧制御が不安定になる。▲2▼泡抱き込みに伴う油面上昇によりブリーザーからの吹き出しで火災事故が懸念される。▲3▼油中に気泡が存在することから断熱圧縮によりオイルの劣化が促進される。▲4▼油膜破断による摩耗および焼付けの促進原因となる。したがって、優れた消泡性を有する潤滑油が求められている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記観点からなされたもので、低温から高温まで優れた消泡性を維持できる潤滑油組成物を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは鋭意研究を重ねた結果、消泡剤として、特定のポリジメチルシロキサンと特定のフッ素化ポリシロキサンを併用することにより本発明の目的を効果的に達成しうることを見出し本発明を完成したものである。
すなわち、本発明は、基油に、(a)25℃における動粘度が300,000〜1,500,000mm2 /sのポリジメチルシロキサン、及び(b)25℃における動粘度が500〜9,000mm2 /sのフッ素化ポリシロキサンを配合してなる潤滑油組成物を提供するものである。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明を詳細に説明する。
先ず、本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、基油として鉱油及び/又は合成油が用いられる。この鉱油や合成油については、一般に油圧油やATF等の基油として用いられているものであればよく、特に制限はないが、100℃における動粘度が1〜50mm2 /s、特に2〜15mm2 /sの範囲にあるものが好適である。基油の動粘度が高すぎると、低温粘度が悪化する場合があり、逆に低すぎると、自動変速機のギヤ軸受、クラッチ等の摺動部において摩耗が増加する場合があり好ましくない。また、この基油の%CA は酸化安定性の点で、20以下であるものが好ましく、10以下であるものがさらに好ましい。さらに、低温流動性の指標である流動点については特に制限はないが、−10℃以下であるのが好ましく、特に−15℃以下であるものが好ましい。また、粘度指数は高温時の粘度を高く保つ上で、105以上が好ましい。
【0006】
このような鉱油,合成油は各種のものがあり、用途などに応じて適宜選定すればよい。鉱油としては、例えばパラフィン系鉱油,ナフテン系鉱油,中間基系鉱油などが挙げられ、具体例としては、溶剤精製または水添精製による軽質ニュートラル油,中質ニュートラル油,重質ニュートラル油,ブライトストックなどを挙げることができる。なかでも、軽質ニュートラル油,中質ニュートラル油が好ましい。
【0007】
一方合成油としては、例えば、ポリα−オレフィン(PAO),α−オレフィンコポリマー,ポリブテン,アルキルベンゼン,ポリオールエステル,二塩基酸エステル,ポリオキシアルキレングリコール,ポリオキシアルキレングリコールエステル,ポリオキシアルキレングリコールエーテル,ヒンダードエステル,シリコーンオイルなどを挙げることができる。なかでも、PAO,α−オレフィンコポリマーが好ましい。
これらの基油は、それぞれ単独で、あるいは二種以上を組み合わせて使用することができ、鉱油と合成油を組み合わせて使用してもよい。
【0008】
次に、基油に配合される(a),(b)成分の消泡剤について説明する。
a)成分
本発明の潤滑油組成物を構成する(a)成分のポリジメチルシロキサンは下記式(I)で表される。
【0009】
【化1】

Figure 0004220599
【0010】
式(I)において、nは正の整数で粘度に対応する値である。
このポリジメチルシロキサンの25℃における動粘度は300,000〜1,500,000mm2 /sの範囲にあることが必須である。この範囲を逸脱すると、高温における消泡性が不良となる。好ましくは500,000〜1,200,000mm2 /sの範囲である。
【0011】
これらの(a)成分は、単独で、あるいは二種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
(a)成分の配合量については、基油に、組成物全量基準で、好ましくは1〜50重量ppmの割合で配合される。1重量ppm未満では消泡性の効果がでない場合があり、50重量ppmを超えると、量に見合った効果がでない場合がある。より好ましくは、3〜30重量ppmの範囲である。
【0012】
b)成分
本発明の潤滑油組成物を構成する(b)成分のフッ素化ポリシロキサンは、その構造は特に限定されないが、下記式(II)〜(IV)で示されるポリフルオロアルキルシロキサンが好ましい。
【0013】
【化2】
Figure 0004220599
【0014】
【化3】
Figure 0004220599
【0015】
【化4】
Figure 0004220599
【0016】
式(II)〜(IV)において、Rはメチル基,エチル基,プロピル基等のアルキル基、フェニル基等のアリール基を示すが、消泡効果の点でメチル基であるポリフルオロアルキルメチルシロキサンが好ましい。
また、R1 は炭素数10以下のフルオロアルキル基であり、その構造は特に限定されないが、調製のしやすさ等から3,3,3−トリフルオロプロピル基が好ましい。
【0017】
また、m,p,q及びsは1000以下の正の整数で粘度に対応する値である。
このフッ素化ポリシロキサンの25℃における動粘度は500〜9,000mm2 /sの範囲にあることが必須である。この範囲を逸脱すると、高温における消泡性が不良となる。好ましくは800〜3,000mm2 /sの範囲である。
【0018】
これらの(b)成分は、単独で、あるいは二種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
(b)成分の配合量については、基油に、組成物全量基準で、好ましくは1〜30重量ppmの割合で配合される。1重量ppm未満では消泡性の効果がでない場合があり、30重量ppmを超えると、量に見合った効果がでない場合がある。より好ましくは、3〜15重量ppmの範囲である。
【0019】
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、基油に(a),(b)成分を配合することにより得られるが、さらに通常潤滑油の特性向上のために、金属系清浄剤,無灰系分散剤,酸化防止剤,摩擦調整剤,金属不活性化剤,粘度指数向上剤,流動点降下剤などの公知の添加剤を、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で適宜配合することができる。これらその他の添加剤の全配合量は、組成物全量基準で、0.05〜25重量%の範囲が好ましい。
【0020】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらの例によってなんら限定されるものではない。
実施例1,2比較例1〜5及び参考例1
第1表の通り基油に、各消泡剤を配合し実施例,比較例及び参考例の潤滑油組成物を調製した。その潤滑油組成物を下記の要領で消泡性を評価した。その結果を第1表に示す。
【0021】
消泡性の評価法
(1)本試験機は油槽に相当するシリンダー(500ml),油圧ポンプ,オリフィス,ヒーター及びクーラーから構成される。
(2)ポンプの回転数を145rpmにし泡立ちのない状態で油を循環させたときの油層レベルを250mlとし、これを初期レベルとする。
(3)循環させながら120℃で30分間保持後、ポンプの回転数を580rpmにし、気泡混入油のレベルを測定し、泡混入レベルとした。なお、この時泡混入油層上に泡沫もあるがこれは評価から除外した。
(4)泡混入レベル360ml(初期レベルから110ml上昇)は、実機変速機油において歯車などの回転要素に接触するレベルに相当するように調整した。
【0022】
(5)この循環泡立ち試験機においては、油層上昇分が110mlを越えると抑泡性に劣り、110ml以下では抑泡性に優れることを示す。
(6)新油の評価条件
油量:約800ml、循環流量:3.81ml/分、
ポンプ回転数:580rpm、圧力:50kgf/cm2 、油温:120℃、
ノズル径:6mmφ、評価:オイルレベル
(7)耐久油の評価条件
耐久油(120℃で20時間循環放置)を新油と同じ条件で評価
【0023】
【表1】
Figure 0004220599
【0024】
【表2】
Figure 0004220599
【0025】
(注)
*1 60ニュートラル鉱油(100℃における動粘度2.3mm2 /s、粘 度指数69)
*2 70ニュートラル鉱油(100℃における動粘度3.0mm2 /s、粘度指数110)
*3 100ニュートラル鉱油(100℃における動粘度4.2mm2 /s、粘度指数116)
*4 ポリジメチルシロキサン(25℃における動粘度1,000,000mm 2 /s)
*5 ポリジメチルシロキサン(25℃における動粘度12,500mm2 /s)
*6 ポリフルオロアルキルメチルシロキサン(25℃における動粘度1,000mm2 /s)
*7 ポリフルオロアルキルメチルシロキサン(25℃における動粘度450mm2 /s)
*8 ポリフルオロアルキルメチルシロキサン(25℃における動粘度10,000mm2 /s)
なお、*4〜*8の消泡剤はいずれも信越化学工業(株)製である。
*9 金属系清浄剤(Ca−スルホネート;TBN400mgKOH/g)1重量%
無灰系分散剤(ポリブテニルコハク酸イミド;ポリブテニル基の分子量950)2重量%
酸化防止剤(2,6−ジtert−ブチル−4−メチルフェノール)1重量%
摩擦調整剤(オレイン酸ジエタノールアミド)0.5重量%
金属不活性化剤〔2,5−ビス(1,1,3,3−テトラメチルブタンジチオ)1,3,4−チアジアゾール〕0.5重量%
粘度指数向上剤(ポリメタクリレート;重量平均分子量37,000)16重量%
流動点降下剤(ポリメタクリレート;重量平均分子量69,000)1重量%
*10 消泡剤5が沈澱し効果なし
*11 消泡剤5が沈澱し効果なし
【0026】
【発明の効果】
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、低温から高温まで優れた消泡性を維持できるもので、油圧油、自動変速機油、ギヤ油、タービン油、コンプレッサー油、エンジン油等として好適である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, and more particularly to a lubricating oil composition suitable as a hydraulic oil, an automatic transmission oil or the like that maintains excellent defoaming properties from low temperature to high temperature.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As hydraulic devices and automatic transmissions (AT) become higher performance and smaller, higher loads and higher performance are required for hydraulic oil and ATF. Therefore, if continuous high load operation or high speed running is performed, the oil temperature rises with foaming, and the following phenomenon occurs. (1) Hydraulic control becomes unstable due to the inclusion of bubbles. (2) There is a concern about fire accidents due to the blowout from the breather due to the rise in the oil level accompanying the inclusion of bubbles. (3) Since there are bubbles in the oil, the deterioration of the oil is promoted by adiabatic compression. (4) Causes of wear and seizure due to oil film breakage. Therefore, there is a need for a lubricating oil having excellent antifoaming properties.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made from the above viewpoint, and an object thereof is to provide a lubricating oil composition capable of maintaining excellent antifoaming properties from low temperature to high temperature.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the object of the present invention can be effectively achieved by using a specific polydimethylsiloxane and a specific fluorinated polysiloxane in combination as an antifoaming agent. Is completed.
That is, the present invention comprises: (a) a polydimethylsiloxane having a kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C. of 300,000 to 1,500,000 mm 2 / s; and (b) a kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C. of 500 to 9, A lubricating oil composition comprising a fluorinated polysiloxane of 000 mm 2 / s is provided.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is described in detail below.
First, in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, mineral oil and / or synthetic oil is used as the base oil. The mineral oil or synthetic oil is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as a base oil such as hydraulic oil or ATF, but the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. is 1 to 50 mm 2 / s, particularly 2 to 2. What is in the range of 15 mm < 2 > / s is suitable. If the kinematic viscosity of the base oil is too high, the low temperature viscosity may be deteriorated. On the other hand, if it is too low, wear may increase in sliding parts such as gear bearings and clutches of the automatic transmission. Moreover,% C A of base oil in terms of oxidative stability, preferably not more than 20, more preferably not more than 10. Further, the pour point, which is an indicator of low temperature fluidity, is not particularly limited, but is preferably −10 ° C. or lower, and particularly preferably −15 ° C. or lower. The viscosity index is preferably 105 or more in order to keep the viscosity at high temperature high.
[0006]
There are various kinds of such mineral oils and synthetic oils, and may be appropriately selected according to the use. Examples of mineral oils include paraffinic mineral oils, naphthenic mineral oils, intermediate base mineral oils, and specific examples include light neutral oils, medium neutral oils, heavy neutral oils, bright stocks by solvent refining or hydrogenation refining. And so on. Of these, light neutral oil and medium neutral oil are preferable.
[0007]
On the other hand, as synthetic oil, for example, poly α-olefin (PAO), α-olefin copolymer, polybutene, alkylbenzene, polyol ester, dibasic acid ester, polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene glycol ester, polyoxyalkylene glycol ether, Examples include hindered esters and silicone oils. Of these, PAO, α-olefin copolymers are preferred.
These base oils can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds, and mineral oil and synthetic oil may be used in combination.
[0008]
Next, the antifoaming agent of the components (a) and (b) blended in the base oil will be described.
(A ) component The polydimethylsiloxane of the (a) component which comprises the lubricating oil composition of this invention is represented by following formula (I).
[0009]
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0004220599
[0010]
In formula (I), n is a positive integer corresponding to the viscosity.
It is essential that the kinematic viscosity of this polydimethylsiloxane at 25 ° C. is in the range of 300,000 to 1,500,000 mm 2 / s. When deviating from this range, the defoaming property at high temperature becomes poor. Preferably, it is in the range of 500,000 to 1,200,000 mm 2 / s.
[0011]
These components (a) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
About the compounding quantity of (a) component, it is mix | blended with a base oil by the ratio of 1-50 weight ppm preferably in the composition whole quantity standard. If the amount is less than 1 ppm by weight, the defoaming effect may not be achieved. If the amount exceeds 50 ppm by weight, the effect corresponding to the amount may not be achieved. More preferably, it is the range of 3-30 weight ppm.
[0012]
( B) Component Although the structure of the fluorinated polysiloxane of the (b) component constituting the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, the poly (siloxane) represented by the following formulas (II) to (IV) Fluoroalkylsiloxane is preferred.
[0013]
[Chemical formula 2]
Figure 0004220599
[0014]
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0004220599
[0015]
[Formula 4]
Figure 0004220599
[0016]
In the formulas (II) to (IV), R represents an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group, or an aryl group such as a phenyl group, but is a polyfluoroalkylmethylsiloxane which is a methyl group in terms of an antifoaming effect. Is preferred.
R 1 is a fluoroalkyl group having 10 or less carbon atoms, and its structure is not particularly limited, but a 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of preparation.
[0017]
M, p, q, and s are positive integers of 1000 or less, and are values corresponding to the viscosity.
It is essential that the kinematic viscosity of this fluorinated polysiloxane at 25 ° C. is in the range of 500 to 9,000 mm 2 / s. When deviating from this range, the defoaming property at high temperature becomes poor. Preferably it is the range of 800-3,000 mm < 2 > / s.
[0018]
These components (b) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
About the compounding quantity of (b) component, it is mix | blended with a base oil at the ratio of 1-30 weight ppm preferably on the basis of the composition whole quantity. If the amount is less than 1 ppm by weight, the defoaming effect may not be obtained. If the amount exceeds 30 ppm by weight, the effect corresponding to the amount may not be obtained. More preferably, it is in the range of 3 to 15 ppm by weight.
[0019]
The lubricating oil composition of the present invention can be obtained by blending the components (a) and (b) with the base oil, and in order to improve the properties of ordinary lubricating oils, metal detergents and ashless dispersants , Antioxidants, friction modifiers, metal deactivators, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, and other known additives can be appropriately blended within a range that does not impair the object of the present invention. The total amount of these other additives is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 25% by weight based on the total amount of the composition.
[0020]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these examples.
Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and Reference Example 1
As shown in Table 1, each antifoaming agent was blended with the base oil to prepare lubricating oil compositions of Examples, Comparative Examples and Reference Examples. The antifoaming property of the lubricating oil composition was evaluated in the following manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0021]
Defoaming Evaluation Method (1) This tester is composed of a cylinder (500 ml) corresponding to an oil tank, a hydraulic pump, an orifice, a heater and a cooler.
(2) The oil layer level is 250 ml when the number of rotations of the pump is 145 rpm and the oil is circulated in the absence of foaming, and this is the initial level.
(3) After maintaining at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes while circulating, the number of rotations of the pump was set to 580 rpm, and the level of bubble-containing oil was measured to obtain the bubble-containing level. At this time, there was foam on the foamed oil layer, but this was excluded from the evaluation.
(4) The foam mixing level of 360 ml (up 110 ml from the initial level) was adjusted to correspond to the level of contact with rotating elements such as gears in the actual transmission oil.
[0022]
(5) In this circulating foaming tester, when the oil layer rise exceeds 110 ml, the foam suppression performance is inferior, and when it is 110 ml or less, the foam suppression performance is excellent.
(6) Evaluation conditions of new oil Oil amount: about 800 ml, circulation flow rate: 3.81 ml / min,
Pump rotation speed: 580 rpm, pressure: 50 kgf / cm 2 , oil temperature: 120 ° C.,
Nozzle diameter: 6 mmφ, evaluation: Oil level (7) Evaluation conditions for durable oil Durable oil (circulated at 120 ° C for 20 hours) evaluated under the same conditions as new oil.
[Table 1]
Figure 0004220599
[0024]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004220599
[0025]
(note)
* 1 60 neutral mineral oil (dynamic viscosity at 100 ° C 2.3 mm 2 / s, viscosity index 69)
* 2 70 neutral mineral oil (kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. 3.0 mm 2 / s, viscosity index 110)
* 3 100 neutral mineral oil (kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. 4.2 mm 2 / s, viscosity index 116)
* 4 Polydimethylsiloxane (kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C., 1,000,000 mm 2 / s)
* 5 Polydimethylsiloxane (kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C: 12,500 mm 2 / s)
* 6 Polyfluoroalkylmethylsiloxane (kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C. 1,000 mm 2 / s)
* 7 Polyfluoroalkylmethylsiloxane (kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C. 450 mm 2 / s)
* 8 Polyfluoroalkylmethylsiloxane (kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C. 10,000 mm 2 / s)
The antifoaming agents * 4 to * 8 are all manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
* 9 Metal detergent (Ca-sulfonate; TBN400mgKOH / g) 1wt%
Ashless dispersant (polybutenyl succinimide; molecular weight of polybutenyl group 950) 2% by weight
1% by weight of antioxidant (2,6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol)
Friction modifier (oleic acid diethanolamide) 0.5% by weight
Metal deactivator [2,5-bis (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutanedithio) 1,3,4-thiadiazole] 0.5% by weight
Viscosity index improver (polymethacrylate; weight average molecular weight 37,000) 16% by weight
Pour point depressant (polymethacrylate; weight average molecular weight 69,000) 1% by weight
* 10 Antifoam 5 precipitates and has no effect * 11 Antifoam 5 precipitates and has no effect [0026]
【The invention's effect】
The lubricating oil composition of the present invention can maintain excellent defoaming properties from low temperature to high temperature, and is suitable as hydraulic oil, automatic transmission oil, gear oil, turbine oil, compressor oil, engine oil and the like.

Claims (4)

基油に、(a)25℃における動粘度が300,000〜1,500,000mm2 /sのポリジメチルシロキサン、及び(b)25℃における動粘度が500〜9,000mm2 /sのフッ素化ポリシロキサンを配合してなる潤滑油組成物。In the base oil, (a) polydimethylsiloxane having a kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C. of 300,000 to 1,500,000 mm 2 / s, and (b) fluorine having a kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C. of 500 to 9,000 mm 2 / s. Lubricating oil composition comprising blended polysiloxane. (a)成分が、組成物全量基準で、1〜50重量ppmである請求項1記載の潤滑油組成物。The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the component (a) is 1 to 50 ppm by weight based on the total amount of the composition. (b)成分が、組成物全量基準で、1〜30重量ppmである請求項1又は2に記載の潤滑油組成物。The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the component (b) is 1 to 30 ppm by weight based on the total amount of the composition. 潤滑油が、油圧油、自動変速機油、ギヤ油、タービン油、コンプレッサー油及びエンジン油から選ばれるものである請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物。The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lubricating oil is selected from hydraulic oil, automatic transmission oil, gear oil, turbine oil, compressor oil, and engine oil.
JP25644398A 1998-09-10 1998-09-10 Lubricating oil composition Expired - Fee Related JP4220599B2 (en)

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