JP4286111B2 - Airflow crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an airflow type pulverizer that pulverizes a material to be crushed (raw material) by jet flow and classifies a fine pulverized material (product).

  This type of airflow type pulverizer will be described, for example, with reference to FIG. 2 showing an embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of jet nozzles arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction at the lower part in the cylindrical main body 1 In general, a pulverizing part 3 provided with 2 and a classification part 5 provided with a classification rotor 4 on the upper part are formed.

  In this airflow type pulverizer, a material to be crushed (raw material) a is introduced into the main body 1 from the middle, and the material to be crushed a is accelerated together with the jet flow b from the jet nozzle 2 to be centered. The finely divided pulverized material c is classified by the classification rotor 4 and discharged to the outside of the main body 1 together with the air flow d. The coarsely pulverized material that has not been sufficiently pulverized is supplied to the pulverizing unit 3. It falls and is again caught in the jet stream b and crushed. By this action, the raw material a is gradually pulverized into fine pulverized products c, and is discharged out of the main body 1 together with the air flow d.

  In this airflow type pulverizer, when the jet stream b is always blown to the bottom plate 11 of the pulverizer body 1 and the crushed object a is caught in the jet flow b on the bottom plate 11 and accelerated, the bottom plate 11 wears. It will be necessary to exchange in a short period of time. Further, contamination (mixing) such as metal powder due to wear of the bottom plate 11 leads to deterioration of the product quality. Further, if the jet flow b interferes with the bottom plate 11, the flow of the jet flow b is disturbed, and the pulverization efficiency is lowered. For this reason, in general, in order to prevent such wear and quality degradation, the bottom plate 11 is provided at a lower required position (a lower position of the required distance L) of the jet nozzle 2 and the jet flow b on the lower plate 11. The direct action of is not affected.

Moreover, at the time of raw material switching, it is necessary to prevent the crushed object a remaining in the classifier from being mixed into a new raw material (crushed object). At this time, even if the raw material a is stopped and the jet stream b continues to flow in and the material to be crushed a is pulverized and gradually discharged out of the machine (outside the main body 1), the bottom plate 11 can reach the jet stream b. Since the residual crushed material a on the bottom plate 11 is difficult to be caught in the jet flow b, the residual crushed material a cannot be discharged (removed) in a short time.
For this reason, conventionally, an inspection / cleaning discharge port is provided at the bottom of the main body 1, and when the material is switched, the discharge port is opened to remove the residual crushed material a in the pulverizer (paragraph 0016 of Patent Document 1). (See FIG. 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-140673

  However, it is necessary to stop the operation of the pulverizer in order to remove the residual crushed material in the pulverization unit 3 by opening and closing the inspection and cleaning discharge port in the conventional airflow pulverizer. And the work is complicated. In particular, when pulverization is performed with nitrogen gas or the like enclosed in the pulverization unit 3 (main body 1) and maintained in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen state, the state is released so that the enclosed gas is brought into the atmosphere. In addition to being discharged and wasted, there is a risk of degradation, combustion, explosion, etc. due to the reaction of the residual crushed material a with oxygen (air).

  This invention makes it a subject to be able to remove the to-be-ground material which remains in a grinder at the time of a raw material switch etc., without stopping a driving | operation.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, as a first means, the jet flow from the position below the required distance L when the bottom slab of the main body is discharged (removed) from the inside of the main body. Therefore, it is possible to move up and down to near the lower part of the jet nozzle that can discharge it.
In this way, if the bottom plate can be moved up and down, during normal operation, the bottom plate is positioned at the lowermost part so that the direct action of the jet flow does not reach the bottom plate, and when removing residual crushed materials such as raw material switching The bottom plate is raised to near the lower part of the jet nozzle. In this state, a jet stream is ejected from the jet nozzle, and the residual crushed material on the bottom plate is pulverized by being pulverized into the jet stream. Pass through and drain out of the body. For this reason, the crushed object remaining on the bottom plate is smoothly removed. This removal operation can be performed in a relatively short time, and there is almost no contamination of the bottom plate due to wear or wear.

Further, according to the present invention, as a second means, a jet nozzle for removing residual crushed material on the bottom plate is separately provided.
When the raw material is switched, a jet stream is ejected from the jet nozzle onto the bottom plate, so that the remaining crushed material is caught in the jet stream and discharged (removed). Since this removal operation can be performed in a relatively short time as in the first means, there is almost no contamination of the bottom plate due to wear or wear.

As described above, since the present invention allows the residual crushed material on the bottom plate to be removed without opening the bottom plate portion, it is not necessary to stop the pulverizer when switching the raw materials, and the workability is improved. Can be improved.
In addition, when pulverization is performed while maintaining the inside of the pulverization part in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen state, it is not necessary to release the sealed gas to the atmosphere when switching the raw materials, and it is economical and the residual crushed material is There is no risk of deterioration or combustion caused by contact with oxygen.

  As an embodiment of the first means of the present invention, a pulverization part provided with a plurality of jet nozzles is formed in the lower part of the cylindrical main body, a classification part provided with a classification rotor is formed in the upper part, The material to be crushed is put into the main body, the charged material to be crushed is accelerated together with the jet flow from the jet nozzle and collided with each other at the center, and finely pulverized material is crushed by the classification rotor. In the airflow type pulverizer for classifying and discharging out of the main body together with the airflow, the jet nozzle is at a height above the bottom plate of the main body, and the bottom plate removes the crushed object remaining in the main body. When discharging from the inside, it is possible to move up and down from the position below the required distance to near the bottom of the jet nozzle that can be discharged by the jet flow, and around the bottom plate and the main plate Between the inner surface may be adopted a structure that is sealed.

  With this configuration, the function and effect of the first means can be exhibited. At this time, if a cylindrical body for sliding around the inner surface of the main body is provided on the lower surface of the bottom plate and a seal is provided between the cylindrical body and the main body, the cylindrical body is raised and lowered. As a time guide, the action is smooth and the sealing performance is improved.

As an embodiment of the second means of the present invention, a pulverization part provided with a plurality of jet nozzles is formed in the lower part of the cylindrical main body, a classification part provided with a classification rotor is formed in the upper part, The material to be crushed is put into the main body, the charged material to be crushed is accelerated and collided with the jet flow from the jet nozzle at the center, and finely crushed material is classified by the classification rotor. The jet nozzle is at a height above the bottom plate of the main body by a required distance and is discharged to the outside of the main body together with the air flow, and a plurality of second nozzles different from the jet nozzle are disposed around the top surface of the bottom plate. It is possible to employ a configuration in which a jet stream is ejected from the second jet nozzle when a crushed object remaining in the main body is discharged from the main body, such as when two raw material nozzles are provided.
With this configuration, the function and effect of the second means can be exhibited.

Incidentally, in the conventional jet nozzle (see Patent Document 2) provided at the bottom center of the main body of the pulverizer, a jet flow is normally ejected during pulverization, and the ejection is upward at one central portion, whereas the second of the present invention. The jet nozzle is different in that the jet flow is ejected only when the residual crushed object is removed, and the ejection is ejected from a plurality of directions around the main body.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-156224 FIG.

  An embodiment is shown in FIG. 1, and this embodiment also has a pulverizing section 3 provided with a plurality of jet nozzles 2 arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction at the lower portion in the cylindrical main body 1 as in the prior art. A classification part 5 is formed, and a classification rotor 4 is provided on the upper part. In the middle of the main body 1, an input cylinder 6 for a raw material (crushed object) a is provided.

  The bottom portion of the main body 1 is reduced in diameter, and a screw jack 7 is provided on the bottom surface of the bottom plate. By reciprocating the handle 8 between a solid line and a broken line, the rod 9 advances and retreats into the bottom portion of the main body 1 (projecting and retreating). Do). A cylindrical body 10 whose top and bottom are closed is fixed to the rod 9, and a cover plate 11 of the cylindrical body 10 serves as a bottom plate in the present invention. The bottom plate 11 reciprocates between the position of the lowermost portion indicated by a solid line and the position of the jet nozzle 2 indicated by a chain line as the rod 9 of the screw jack 7 advances and retreats. The moving distance L is appropriately set in consideration of the fact that the jet flow b does not directly act on the bottom plate 11 and the size of the bottom of the main body 1.

  The bottom of the main body 1 is divided into two stages, upper and lower, and a seal 12 is provided in a seal box all around the upper inner surface of the upper cylindrical body, and the seal 12 is slidably applied to the side peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 10. It touches. For this reason, the cylindrical body 10 can move up and down while maintaining airtightness.

  In this embodiment, the bottom plate 11 is lowered to the solid line position during normal pulverization. In this state, the material to be crushed (raw material) a is charged from the charging cylinder 6, and the charged raw material a is It is entangled in the jet stream b from the jet nozzle 2 and accelerated to collide with each other at the center to be crushed. Then, the finely divided product c is classified by the classifying rotor 4 and discharged to the outside of the main body 1 together with the air flow d, and the coarsely pulverized product that is not sufficiently pulverized is dropped into the pulverization unit 3 to be again the jet flow b. Roll in and grind. By this action, the raw material a is gradually pulverized into fine pulverized products c and discharged out of the main body 1.

  When removing the residual crushed material a in the main body 1 at the time of switching of the raw material a, the charging of the raw material a is stopped and the bottom plate 11 is raised to the chain line position. The jet stream b from the jet nozzle 2 is blown onto the bottom plate 11, and the residual crushed material a on the base plate 11 is pulverized by being caught in the jet stream b, passes through the classification rotor, and is discharged out of the main body 1 together with the air stream d. Is removed. At this time, it is preferable that the jet flow b has a minimum strength that can be removed.

  In this embodiment, the bottom portion of the main body 1 is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, and the jet nozzle 2 is formed at the lower portion of the inverted cone portion and near the upper surface of the bottom plate 11 below the jet nozzle 2. The second jet nozzles 20 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The number and position of the first and second jet nozzles 2 and 20 are arbitrary as long as the function can be exhibited.

  This embodiment is configured as described above. During normal pulverization, a material to be crushed (raw material) a is charged from the charging cylinder 6, and the charged raw material a is rolled into the jet stream b from the jet nozzle 2. The crushing action is performed in the same manner as in Example 1. At this time, the second jet nozzle 20 does not eject the jet stream b, but can eject a gas that prevents the ejection port from being blocked.

When the residual crushed material a in the main body 1 is removed, such as when the raw material a is switched, the charging of the raw material a is stopped and the jet stream b is ejected horizontally from the second jet nozzle 20 toward the center. The jet stream b is blown onto the bottom plate 11, and the residual crushed material a on the jet is boiled into the jet stream b, pulverized, and removed by being discharged through the classification rotor 4.
At this time, in the place where the second jet nozzle 20 is disposed, the main body 1 has an inverted frustoconical shape, the diameter is reduced and the area is reduced, and the residual crushed material a remaining around the bottom plate is also jet flow. It becomes easy to get caught in b, and the removal operation can be performed in a shorter time.
Also at this time, it is preferable that the jet flow b has a minimum strength and a jetting time capable of performing the removing action. Further, from the jet nozzle 2, it is possible to eject a gas that does not eject the jet stream b but prevents the ejection port from being blocked.

Schematic sectional view of one embodiment Schematic sectional view of another embodiment

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airflow-type grinder main body 2 Jet nozzle 3 Crushing part 4 Classification rotor 5 Classification part 6 Raw material injection | throwing-in cylinder 7 Screw jack 10 Cylindrical body 11 Bottom plate 12 Seal 20 2nd jet nozzle a Raw material (to be crushed)
b Jet flow c Fine pulverized product (Product)
d Airflow

Claims (2)

A pulverizing part (3) provided with a plurality of jet nozzles (2) is formed in the lower part of the cylindrical main body (1), and a classification part (5) provided with a classification rotor (4) is formed in the upper part, The jet nozzle (2) is at a height above the bottom plate (11) of the main body (1) by a required distance (L), and the bottom plate (11) is from the lowest position below the required distance (L). While being able to move up and down near the lower portion of the jet nozzle (2), the space between the periphery of the bottom plate (11) and the inner surface of the main body (1) is sealed , and the object to be crushed (a) is contained in the main body (1). The crushed object (a) is accelerated together with the jet stream (b) from the jet nozzle (2) and collided at the center to be pulverized, and the classification rotor (4) The fine pulverized product (c) is classified and the air flow (d) and the main body (1) In gas-flow pulverizer to discharge to,
During normal operation, the bottom plate (11) is positioned at the lowermost part so that the direct action of the jet flow (b) does not reach the bottom plate (11 ). When the crushed object (a) remaining in the body is discharged from the main body (1), the bottom plate (11) is moved by the jet flow (b) from the lowest position below the required distance (L). The jet nozzle (2) capable of discharging the object to be crushed (a) is raised to a position close to the lower side , and in this state, a jet stream (b) is ejected from the jet nozzle (2), and the top of the bottom plate (11) is ejected. The residual crushed material (a) is pulverized by being entangled in a jet stream (b), and the finely pulverized material (a) is discharged out of the main body (1) through the classification rotor (4). How to operate an airflow crusher. A pulverizing part (3) provided with a plurality of jet nozzles (2) is formed in the lower part of the cylindrical main body (1), and a classification part (5) provided with a classification rotor (4) is formed in the upper part, The jet nozzle (2) is at a height above the bottom plate (11) of the main body (1) by a required distance (L), and the jet plate (b) directly acts on the bottom plate (11). In the air flow type pulverizer provided with a plurality of second jet nozzles (20) different from the jet nozzle (2) around the upper surface of the bottom plate (11) ,
During normal operation, the object to be crushed (a) is put into the main body (1), and the charged object to be crushed (a) is jetted from the jet nozzle (2) at the lower part in the cylindrical main body (1). (b) with grinding by collision at the central portion to accelerate with, outside by the classification rotor (4), the body fine pulverized product of (c) and classified with a stream (d) (1) When the material to be crushed (a) remaining in the main body (1) is discharged from the main body (1), such as when the raw material is switched, from the second jet nozzle (20), the above-mentioned By jetting the jet stream (b) onto the bottom plate (11), the residual crushed material (a) on the base plate (11) is pulverized by pulverizing the jet stream (b). classifying passed through a rotor (4) the body (1) a gas stream, characterized in that discharging to the outside Mill method of operation.

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