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JP4143896B2 - electromagnet - Google Patents

electromagnet Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4143896B2
JP4143896B2 JP2002120824A JP2002120824A JP4143896B2 JP 4143896 B2 JP4143896 B2 JP 4143896B2 JP 2002120824 A JP2002120824 A JP 2002120824A JP 2002120824 A JP2002120824 A JP 2002120824A JP 4143896 B2 JP4143896 B2 JP 4143896B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
iron core
contact
fixed
movable
electromagnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002120824A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003318023A (en
Inventor
健司 鈴木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Electric FA Components and Systems Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fuji Electric FA Components and Systems Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002120824A priority Critical patent/JP4143896B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、電磁接触器の操作電磁石などに用いられる電磁石に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図7は電磁接触器の一般的な構成を示す縦断面図、図8は図7における固定鉄心の斜視図である。まず、図7において、電磁接触器のフレーム1に収容された操作電磁石(以下、単に電磁石という)2は連結板3を介してフレーム1の底部に連結固定されたE形の固定鉄心4と、この固定鉄心4に対して移動可能にフレーム1に案内されたE形の可動鉄心5を有し、固定鉄心4の中央脚には電磁コイル6が装着され、可動鉄心5と電磁コイル6の巻枠との間に圧縮ばねからなる復帰スプリング7が挿入されている。周知の通り、鉄心4,5は珪素鋼鈑の積層により構成され、リベット8により締結されている。一方、フレーム1には、互いに対向する各相一対の固定接触子9が固定され、それらの間を橋絡するように配置された可動接触子10は可動鉄心5に連結された接点支え11に保持されている。可動接触子10の反固定接触子側には、圧縮ばねからなる接触スプリング12が挿入されている。
【0003】
電磁コイル6の図示非励磁状態において、可動鉄心5は復帰スプリング7により固定鉄心4から引き離され、可動接触子10は固定接触子9から開離している。この状態で電磁接触器が投入操作され、電磁コイル6が励磁されると、可動鉄心5が復帰スプリング7に抗して吸引され、左右両脚の対向端面(接極面)間で固定鉄心4に吸着され、接極面同士が接触(接極)する。これにより、可動接触子10は接点を介して固定接触子9に押圧され、その間を橋絡して電路を閉路させる。なお、図8に示すように、固定鉄心4の接極面の溝には周知の隈取りコイル13が嵌め込まれるとともにカシメ加工により固着され、電磁コイル6の交流励磁による吸引力の脈動の緩和が図られている。
【0004】
図9は、上記投入動作において可動鉄心5に作用する負荷力と吸引力との関係を示す特性図で、横軸は可動鉄心5のストローク(接極面間の距離)、縦軸は負荷力及び吸引力である。吸引力特性の実線は電磁コイル印加電圧が定格の100%時、鎖線は同じく70%時のものである。さて、図9において、可動鉄心5の吸引が開始されると、負荷力は復帰スプリング7の変形とともに漸増するが、位置Cで可動接点が固定接点に接触すると、接触スプリング12の力が加わり負荷力は急増する。その後、復帰スプリング7及び接触スプリング12の変形とともに漸増し、可動鉄心5が接極する位置Eで最大となる。一方、可動鉄心5に作用する吸引力は、接極面間の距離の減少とともに図示の通り増大する。その場合、吸引力は負荷力を常に上回り、その差分(図9の斜線部分)が可動鉄心5に対する加速力になる。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図9に示した吸引力と負荷力とを比較してみると、可動接触子10が閉成した位置(図中C点)から鉄心同士が接極する位置(図中E点)までの間で、吸引力と負荷力との間に大きな差が生じている。この力の差が可動鉄心5を急激に加速し、可動鉄心5は固定鉄心4に衝突する。この衝突は電磁接触器投入時に騒音を発生させるとともに、鉄心4,5を損傷してその低寿命化を招く。その対策として、図8に示すような緩衝装置が用いられている。すなわち、図8において、固定鉄心4の底面に防振ゴム14が設置されるとともに、防振ゴム14と一体にクッションブロック15が一体形成され、固定鉄心4の連結板3の両端はクッションブロック15に弾性的に保持されている。
【0006】
ところが、このような緩衝装置はコストアップの要因になり、また可動鉄心からの衝撃自体を減らすものではないので根本的な解決にはならない。そこで、この発明の課題は、緩衝装置を設けることなく可動鉄心からの衝撃を抑制することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、この発明は、電磁コイルが装着されたE 形の固定鉄心と、前記電磁コイルの励磁により前記固定鉄心に吸引され、前記固定鉄心に接極する E 形の可動鉄心とを備えた電磁石において、前記固定鉄心及び可動鉄心のE形の接極面が相互に接極した状態において前記鉄心の E 形の接極面の一方又は双方に、相手側の前記鉄心の側方に隙間を介して延びる磁気漏れ部を一体に突出形成し、吸引動作時に前記電磁コイルの磁束の一部を前記磁気漏れ部に導き、前記鉄心同士が接極する間際の吸引力を抑制するものである。
【0008】
この発明によれば、E 形の可動・固定鉄心の接極面を通過する磁束が減り、接極面間の吸引力が低下する一方、磁気漏れ部を通る漏れ磁束により磁気漏れ部と相手鉄心との間に作用する吸引力は、可動鉄心の移動方向に対して直角の成分を有するため、鉄心同士が接極する間際の吸引力が全体として減少し、吸引力と負荷力との整合性が良好になって衝撃が緩和される。吸引力の抑制の程度は、磁気漏れ部の高さ及び相手鉄心との間の隙間の調整により適度に設定することができる。また、磁気漏れ部と相手鉄心との間には隙間が存在するので、鉄心同士が接極した状態では接極面間の磁気抵抗は磁気漏れ部より小さくなり、磁気漏れ部への磁束通過はなくなることから、接極状態では従来鉄心と同じ保持力を確保することができる。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1及び図2は、この発明の実施の形態の電磁接触器用電磁石を示すもので、図1は横断面図、図2は斜視図である。図1及び図2において、従来例と相違するのは、E 形の固定鉄心4の左右脚の接極面近傍に、E 形の可動鉄心5の左右脚の側方に隙間gを介して延びる磁気漏れ部4aが一体に突出形成され、また固定鉄心4の中央脚の接極面近傍に、可動鉄心5の中央脚の左右側方に隙間を介して延びる磁気漏れ部4bが一体に突出形成されている点である。磁気漏れ部4aは、隈取りコイル13の外側隣接部分(カシメしろ部分)が接極面から高さhまで突出するように立ち上げられた突条として形成されている。一方、可動鉄心5の中央脚は左右両側が部分的に削除されて先端部が凸形に形成され、固定鉄心4の磁気漏れ部4bはその削除部分に進出するように左右両側が高さの突条として立ち上げられている。図示の場合、隙間g,k及び高さh,は、電磁接触器の可動接点が固定接点との接触を開始するストロークまでの吸引力は従来と同じで、鉄心同士が接極する間際で吸引力が低下するように設定されている。なお、図1に示すように、左右脚の接極状態で中央脚の接極面間には微小な隙間が設けられ、電磁石釈放時の可動鉄心5の離反の容易が図られている。
【0010】
図5は、図1の電磁石の電磁コイル6が励磁され、可動鉄心5が吸引された時の鉄心同士が接極する間際における磁束の状態を代表的に示すものである。図5において、電磁コイル6の磁束φは、固定・可動鉄心4,5が形成する磁気回路を図示の通り通過するが、接極面近傍では磁気漏れ部4a及び4bに磁束φの一部φ'及びφ"が導かれ、接極面を通過する磁束は左右脚では(φ−φ')、中央脚では(φ−φ")になる。その場合、磁気漏れ部4a,4bは接極面の側方に位置するため、この部分を通る磁束φ',φ"は可動鉄心5の移動方向(図5の上下方向)に対して傾き、そのためにこの部分に生じる吸引力Fには可動鉄心5の移動方向に対して直交する成分F2が生じ、その分、吸引に有効な成分F1が小さくなる。一方、接極面を通過する磁束(φ−φ'),(φ−φ")による吸引力は磁束φが全部接極面を通過する従来構成に比べて小さい。その結果、接極間際における可動鉄心5に対する吸引力は全体として直交成分F2に相当する分だけ減少する。
【0011】
図6は、図9の特性図に重ねて図1の実施の形態における吸引力を表示し、従来例との吸引力の比較を示したものである。図6において、鉄心同士が接極する間際、すなわちいまの場合は電磁接触器の可動接点が固定接点に接触開始する時点の位置Cから鉄心同士が接極する位置Eの手前までの間で、実施の形態の吸引力は従来例よりも低下している。このように吸引力を低下させることにより、負荷力と吸引力との差が縮まり、接極時の鉄心同士の衝突が緩和される。接極後においては、磁束φは隙間g,が存在する磁気漏れ部4a,4bに向わずすべて接極面を通過するので、接極中の保持力は磁気漏れ部4a,4bがないものと変わらない。
【0012】
図3はこの発明の異なる実施の形態を示す電磁石の横断面図、図4はその斜視図である。この実施の形態は、可動鉄心5の左右脚の先端を凸形として固定鉄心4の左右脚に2つの磁気漏れ部4a,4cを形成し、また中央脚の磁気漏れ部4bは可動鉄心5の中央脚の周囲を囲むように形成したものである。このように磁気漏れ部を増やすことにより、吸引力の低下作用を高めることができる。なお、図示実施の形態では、磁気漏れ部を固定鉄心側に突出形成した例を示したが、磁気漏れ部は可動鉄心側、あるいは固定・可動鉄心両側に形成することも可能である。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
以上の通り、この発明によれば、固定鉄心あるいは可動鉄心に磁気漏れ部を形成し、接極間際の吸引力の一部を可動鉄心の移動方向外へ向けることにより、鉄心同士の衝突速度を低下させ、衝撃に伴う騒音発生や鉄心の損傷を抑えることができ、また結果として緩衝装置を省くことができるので電磁石のコストを低減することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 この発明の実施の形態を示す電磁石の横断面図である。
【図2】 図1の電磁石における鉄心の斜視図である。
【図3】 この発明の異なる実施の形態を示す電磁石の横断面図である。
【図4】 図3の電磁石における鉄心の斜視図である。
【図5】 図1の電磁石における磁束の経路を示す図である。
【図6】 図1の電磁石における吸引力を示す特性図である。
【図7】 電磁接触器の従来例を示す横断面図である。
【図8】 図1における固定鉄心の斜視図である。
【図9】 図7における電磁石の負荷力と吸引力との関係を示す特性図である。
【符号の説明】
2 電磁石
4 固定鉄心
4a 磁気漏れ部
4b 磁気漏れ部
4c 磁気漏れ部
5 可動鉄心
6 電磁コイル
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electromagnet used for an operation electromagnet of an electromagnetic contactor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a general configuration of the electromagnetic contactor, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the fixed iron core in FIG. First, in FIG. 7, an operation electromagnet (hereinafter simply referred to as an electromagnet) 2 housed in a frame 1 of an electromagnetic contactor is connected to and fixed to the bottom of the frame 1 via a connection plate 3; An E-shaped movable iron core 5 guided to the frame 1 so as to be movable with respect to the fixed iron core 4 is provided, and an electromagnetic coil 6 is mounted on the central leg of the fixed iron core 4. A return spring 7 made of a compression spring is inserted between the frame and the frame. As is well known, the iron cores 4 and 5 are formed by stacking silicon steel plates and fastened by rivets 8. On the other hand, a pair of stationary contacts 9 facing each other is fixed to the frame 1, and a movable contact 10 arranged so as to bridge between them is attached to a contact support 11 connected to the movable iron core 5. Is retained. A contact spring 12 made of a compression spring is inserted on the side of the movable contact 10 opposite to the fixed contact.
[0003]
When the electromagnetic coil 6 is not illustrated, the movable iron core 5 is separated from the fixed iron core 4 by the return spring 7, and the movable contact 10 is separated from the fixed contact 9. In this state, when the electromagnetic contactor is turned on and the electromagnetic coil 6 is excited, the movable iron core 5 is attracted against the return spring 7 and is fixed to the fixed iron core 4 between the opposite end surfaces (contact surface) of the left and right legs. Adsorbed and the contact surfaces come into contact (contact). Thereby, the movable contact 10 is pressed by the fixed contact 9 through the contact, and bridges between them to close the electric circuit. As shown in FIG. 8, a well-known scraping coil 13 is fitted in the groove on the contact surface of the fixed iron core 4 and fixed by caulking, thereby reducing the pulsation of the attractive force due to the AC excitation of the electromagnetic coil 6. It has been.
[0004]
FIG. 9 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the load force acting on the movable iron core 5 and the attractive force in the closing operation. The horizontal axis represents the stroke of the movable iron core 5 (distance between the contact surfaces), and the vertical axis represents the load force. And suction power. The solid line of the attractive force characteristic is the one when the applied voltage of the electromagnetic coil is 100% of the rating, and the chain line is also the same when the applied voltage is 70%. In FIG. 9, when the suction of the movable iron core 5 is started, the load force gradually increases with the deformation of the return spring 7, but when the movable contact contacts the fixed contact at the position C, the force of the contact spring 12 is applied and the load is applied. Power increases rapidly. Thereafter, it gradually increases with the deformation of the return spring 7 and the contact spring 12 and reaches the maximum at the position E where the movable iron core 5 is in contact. On the other hand, the attractive force acting on the movable iron core 5 increases as shown in the figure as the distance between the contact surfaces decreases. In that case, the suction force always exceeds the load force, and the difference (shaded portion in FIG. 9) becomes the acceleration force for the movable iron core 5.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Comparing the suction force and the load force shown in FIG. 9, it is between the position where the movable contact 10 is closed (point C in the figure) and the position where the iron cores are in contact with each other (point E in the figure). Thus, there is a large difference between the suction force and the load force. This difference in force accelerates the movable iron core 5 rapidly, and the movable iron core 5 collides with the fixed iron core 4. This collision generates noise when the electromagnetic contactor is inserted, and damages the iron cores 4 and 5 to shorten their life. As a countermeasure, a shock absorber as shown in FIG. 8 is used. In other words, in FIG. 8, the anti-vibration rubber 14 is installed on the bottom surface of the fixed iron core 4, and the cushion block 15 is integrally formed integrally with the anti-vibration rubber 14, and both ends of the connecting plate 3 of the fixed iron core 4 are cushion blocks 15. Is held elastically.
[0006]
However, such a shock absorber causes an increase in cost and does not reduce the impact itself from the movable iron core, so it is not a fundamental solution. Then, the subject of this invention is to suppress the impact from a movable iron core, without providing a buffering device.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention comprises a fixed core of E-shaped electromagnetic coil is mounted, the sucked to the fixed core by the excitation of the electromagnetic coil, a movable iron core of E-shaped to Sekkyoku the fixed iron core In the state where the E-shaped armature surfaces of the fixed iron core and the movable iron core are in contact with each other , one or both of the E- shaped armature surfaces of the iron core are on the side of the other iron core. A magnetic leakage portion extending through a gap is integrally formed to protrude toward the side, and a part of the magnetic flux of the electromagnetic coil is guided to the magnetic leakage portion during suction operation, thereby suppressing the attractive force immediately before the iron cores are in contact with each other. Is.
[0008]
According to the present invention, the magnetic flux passing through the contact surface of the E- shaped movable / fixed iron core is reduced, and the attractive force between the contact surfaces is reduced. Since the suction force acting between the two cores has a component perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable iron core, the suction force just before the iron cores contact each other decreases as a whole, and the consistency between the suction force and the load force Is improved and the impact is reduced. The degree of suppression of the attractive force can be appropriately set by adjusting the height of the magnetic leakage portion and the gap between the counterpart iron core. In addition, since there is a gap between the magnetic leakage part and the counterpart iron core, when the iron cores are in contact with each other, the magnetic resistance between the contact surfaces is smaller than that of the magnetic leakage part, and the magnetic flux passing to the magnetic leakage part is not Therefore, the same holding force as that of the conventional iron core can be secured in the contact state.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 and 2 show an electromagnet for an electromagnetic contactor according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 2 is a perspective view. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the difference from the conventional example is that it extends in the vicinity of the contact surface of the left and right legs of the E- shaped fixed iron core 4 via the gap g to the side of the left and right legs of the E- shaped movable core 5. A magnetic leakage portion 4a is integrally formed to project, and a magnetic leakage portion 4b extending through a gap k to the left and right sides of the central leg of the movable core 5 is integrally projected in the vicinity of the contact surface of the central leg of the fixed iron core 4. It is a point that is formed. The magnetic leakage portion 4a is formed as a ridge that is raised so that an outer adjacent portion (a caulking margin portion) of the scraping coil 13 protrudes from the contact surface to a height h. On the other hand, the left and right sides of the center leg of the movable iron core 5 are partially deleted to form a convex end, and the magnetic leakage portion 4b of the fixed iron core 4 has a height j so that the left and right sides are advanced to the deleted portion. It is launched as a ridge. In the case shown in the figure, the gaps g, k and heights h, j are the same as in the conventional case where the movable contact of the electromagnetic contactor starts contact with the fixed contact, and just before the iron cores are in contact with each other. The suction force is set to decrease. As shown in FIG. 1, in the state of contact of the left and right legs, a minute gap is provided between the contact surfaces of the center leg, so that the movable iron core 5 can be easily separated when the electromagnet is released.
[0010]
FIG. 5 representatively shows the state of magnetic flux immediately before the iron cores are in contact with each other when the electromagnetic coil 6 of the electromagnet of FIG. 1 is excited and the movable iron core 5 is attracted. In FIG. 5, the magnetic flux φ of the electromagnetic coil 6 passes through the magnetic circuit formed by the fixed / movable iron cores 4 and 5 as shown, but in the vicinity of the contact surface, the magnetic leakage portions 4a and 4b have a part φ of the magnetic flux φ. 'And φ "are guided, and the magnetic flux passing through the contact surface is (φ-φ') for the left and right legs and (φ-φ") for the center leg. In that case, since the magnetic leakage portions 4a and 4b are located on the side of the armature surface, the magnetic fluxes φ ′ and φ ″ passing through these portions are inclined with respect to the moving direction of the movable core 5 (vertical direction in FIG. 5), Therefore, a component F 2 orthogonal to the moving direction of the movable iron core 5 is generated in the suction force F generated in this portion, and the component F 1 effective for suction is reduced by that amount, while passing through the contact surface. The attractive force due to the magnetic fluxes (φ−φ ′) and (φ−φ ″) is smaller than that in the conventional configuration in which the magnetic flux φ passes through the contact surface. As a result, the attractive force with respect to the movable iron core 5 just before the contact pole is reduced by an amount corresponding to the orthogonal component F 2 as a whole.
[0011]
FIG. 6 shows the suction force in the embodiment of FIG. 1 superimposed on the characteristic diagram of FIG. 9, and shows a comparison of the suction force with the conventional example. In FIG. 6, just before the iron cores are in contact with each other, that is, in this case, from the position C when the movable contact of the electromagnetic contactor starts to contact the fixed contact to the position before the position E where the iron cores are in contact, The suction force of the embodiment is lower than that of the conventional example. By reducing the suction force in this way, the difference between the load force and the suction force is reduced, and the collision between the iron cores at the time of contact is mitigated. After the pole contact, the magnetic flux φ does not go to the magnetic leakage portions 4a and 4b where the gaps g and k exist but passes through the contact surface, so that the holding force in the magnetic pole does not have the magnetic leakage portions 4a and 4b. It ’s not different.
[0012]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnet showing a different embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view thereof. In this embodiment, the ends of the left and right legs of the movable iron core 5 are convex, and two magnetic leakage portions 4 a and 4 c are formed on the left and right legs of the fixed iron core 4, and the magnetic leakage portion 4 b of the center leg is formed of the movable iron core 5. It is formed so as to surround the periphery of the central leg. By increasing the number of magnetic leakage portions in this way, it is possible to increase the attraction force reducing effect. In the illustrated embodiment, an example is shown in which the magnetic leakage portion is formed so as to protrude toward the fixed iron core. However, the magnetic leakage portion may be formed on the movable iron core or on both sides of the fixed / movable iron core.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a magnetic leakage portion is formed in the fixed iron core or the movable iron core, and a part of the attractive force just before the contact poles is directed outside the moving direction of the movable iron core, so that the collision speed between the iron cores is increased. It is possible to suppress the generation of noise and damage to the iron core due to impact, and as a result, the shock absorber can be omitted, so that the cost of the electromagnet can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnet showing an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a perspective view of an iron core in the electromagnet of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnet showing a different embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a perspective view of an iron core in the electromagnet of FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a path of magnetic flux in the electromagnet of FIG. 1;
6 is a characteristic diagram showing an attractive force in the electromagnet of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example of an electromagnetic contactor.
8 is a perspective view of the fixed iron core in FIG. 1. FIG.
9 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the load force and attractive force of the electromagnet in FIG. 7. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Electromagnet 4 Fixed Iron Core 4a Magnetic Leakage Part 4b Magnetic Leakage Part 4c Magnetic Leakage Part 5 Movable Iron Core 6 Electromagnetic Coil

Claims (1)

電磁コイルが装着されたE 形の固定鉄心と、前記電磁コイルの励磁により前記固定鉄心に吸引され、前記固定鉄心に接極する E 形の可動鉄心とを備えた電磁石において、
前記固定鉄心及び可動鉄心のE形の接極面が相互に接極した状態において前記鉄心の E 形の接極面の一方又は双方に、相手側の前記鉄心の側方に隙間を介して延びる磁気漏れ部を一体に突出形成し、吸引動作時に前記電磁コイルの磁束の一部を前記磁気漏れ部に導き、前記鉄心同士が接極する間際の吸引力を抑制するようにしたことを特徴とする電磁石。
A fixed iron core of E-shaped electromagnetic coil is mounted, the sucked to the fixed core by the excitation of the electromagnetic coil, in an electromagnet having a movable iron core of E-shaped to Sekkyoku the fixed iron core,
In a state where the E-shaped armature surfaces of the fixed iron core and the movable iron core are in contact with each other , one or both of the E- shaped armature surfaces of the iron core extend to the side of the counterpart iron core via a gap. A magnetic leakage part is integrally formed to project, and a part of the magnetic flux of the electromagnetic coil is guided to the magnetic leakage part during an attraction operation, thereby suppressing an attractive force immediately before the iron cores are in contact with each other. Electromagnet to play.
JP2002120824A 2002-04-23 2002-04-23 electromagnet Expired - Fee Related JP4143896B2 (en)

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