JP4140152B2 - One-way clutch - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a one-way clutch using rollers.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 9, this conventional one-way clutch has an inner ring 85, an outer ring 86, a plurality of rollers 87, a cage 88, and a coil spring 89.
[0003]
In the illustrated one-way clutch, flat cam surfaces 85a are provided at several places on the circumference of the inner ring 85, and a wedge-shaped space is formed by the cam surface 85a of the inner ring 85 and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 86. Is done.
[0004]
A cage 88 is fixedly fitted to the inner ring 85 provided with the cam surface 85a in a fixed state, and one roller 87 and one coil spring 89 are accommodated in each pocket 88a of the cage 88. .
[0005]
Usually, the retainer 88 is formed in an annular shape, and has a shape in which pockets 88a penetrating inward and outward in the radial direction are provided at several places around the circumference, and column portions 88b along the axial direction exist between the pockets 88a. is doing.
[0006]
In such a retainer 88, in order to attach the coil spring 89 to the retainer 88 in a non-separable manner, conventionally, a protrusion 88c is provided on one wall surface of each column part 88b, and the coil spring 89 is provided for the protrusion 88c. It is set as the form which attaches and holds one end side of this.
[0007]
In the case of the one-way clutch, the retainer 88 is attached to the inner ring 85 and the roller 87 is assembled in the pocket 88a of the retainer 88, that is, in a semi-finished state before only the outer ring 86 is assembled, A lubricant such as grease is injected into the remaining space in the pocket 88a of the cage 88.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional one-way clutch, since the lubricant injection operation must be performed during the assembly of the one-way clutch, the manufacturing efficiency of the one-way clutch is deteriorated and there is room for improvement.
[0009]
In the case of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. 9, although there is a slight gap between the retainer 88 and the cam surface 85a of the inner ring 85, this gap is slight and the lubricant injection nozzle is Since it cannot be inserted, the method as described above was adopted.
[0010]
In view of such circumstances, the present invention has a structure in which the lubricant can be injected into the cage pocket even after all of the components of the one-way clutch are assembled, thereby improving the productivity of the one-way clutch. For the purpose.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
This onset bright one-way clutch, an outer ring inner peripheral surface is formed into a cylindrical shape, a wedge-shaped space between the inner is inserted in a circumferential inner cylindrical surface of the outer ring in a circumferential several places of the outer ring formation An inner ring provided with a cam surface, a roller arranged one by one in the wedge-shaped space, and a shape fitted on the outer periphery in a state in which the inner peripheral surface matches the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and is prevented from rotating. And an annular cage having a pocket in which each roller is accommodated in a state where the circumferential rolling range is restricted, and the roller disposed in the pocket of the cage to push the roller toward the narrow side of the wedge-shaped space. A coil spring that urges and urges the coil spring, and the coil spring is mounted on a protrusion projecting from one inner wall surface in the circumferential direction of the pocket, and is located on one side in the axial direction of each of the pockets in the cage. A position corresponding to the protrusion on the inner diameter surface of the side wall. The region is provided with a recess that is recessed outward in the radial direction, and a channel through which the lubricant can be directly injected into the pocket along the axial direction from the outside of the one-way clutch. Provided, and the bottom surface position of the recess and the inner surface surface position of the projection are set at the same level in the radial direction .
[0013]
Thus, in the present invention, since the flow path for injecting the lubricant into the pocket is provided in the side wall portion on one side in the axial direction of each pocket in the cage, the one-way clutch is assembled in a completed state. In this case, the lubricant can be easily injected into the cage pocket from the outside. As a result, it is not necessary to inject lubricant during the assembly of the one-way clutch as in the prior art, and the assembly operation of the one-way clutch can be performed continuously from the beginning to the end.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The details of the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
[0015]
1 to 5 show Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Here, an example in which a one-way clutch is built in a pulley unit will be given. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pulley unit, FIG. 2 is an arrow view of a cross section taken along line (2)-(2) in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an inner ring and a cage in a one-way clutch. 4 is an explanatory view showing a mode of injecting a lubricant into a single one-way clutch, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a molding die of a cage of the one-way clutch.
[0016]
The illustrated pulley unit A includes a pulley 1, a hollow shaft 2, a one-way clutch 3, and two rolling bearings 4 and 5.
[0017]
The pulley 1 is rotationally driven via a V-ribbed belt B by, for example, a crankshaft of an automobile engine, and a wavy groove around which the V-ribbed belt B is wound is formed on the outer periphery thereof.
[0018]
The hollow shaft 2 is inserted into the inner periphery of the pulley 1 and is fixed to an input shaft (for example, a rotor of an alternator) of an auxiliary machine of an automobile engine (not shown).
[0019]
The one-way clutch 3 is interposed in the axial center of the opposed annular space between the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2, and includes an inner ring 10, an outer ring 11, a synthetic resin annular retainer 12, and a plurality of rollers 13. An elliptical coil spring 14 is provided as an elastic member.
[0020]
The two rolling bearings 4 and 5 are interposed one by one on both sides in the axial direction of the opposed annular space between the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2. These rolling bearings 4 and 5 are all general deep groove ball bearings, and include inner rings 21 and 31, outer rings 22 and 32, a plurality of balls 23 and 33, and an annular cage made of synthetic resin. 24, 34. Seals 6 are mounted on the outer ends of the rolling bearings 4 and 5 in the axial direction.
[0021]
Each component of the one-way clutch 3 will be described.
[0022]
The inner ring 10 is externally fitted to the hollow shaft 2 by press-fitting, and flat key-like cam surfaces 10a are provided at several circumferential positions on the outer peripheral surface thereof. In this example, there are eight cam surfaces 10a, and therefore the outer diameter shape of the inner ring 10 is an octagon.
[0023]
The outer ring 11 is fitted into the pulley 1 by press fitting, and an inner peripheral surface thereof is formed in a cylindrical shape.
[0024]
The cage 12 is disposed in the annular space facing the inner and outer rings 10 and 11 and is externally positioned with respect to the inner ring 10 in a circumferential direction and an axial direction. In a region corresponding to the cam surface 10a, a pocket 12a penetratingly formed inside and outside in the radial direction is provided. Between each of these pockets 12a, there is a column portion 12b along the axial direction.
[0025]
One roller 13 is accommodated in each pocket 12a of the cage 12 in a state where the circumferential rolling range is restricted.
[0026]
The coil spring 14 is attached to a protrusion 12c protruding from the inner wall surface of each pillar portion 12b of the cage 12, and the wedge-shaped space forming the roller 13 by the cam surface 10a and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 11 is narrow. It pushes to the side (lock side).
[0027]
In addition, the cage 12 is prevented from rotating with respect to the inner ring 10 in the circumferential direction by forming the inner circumferential surface of the cage 12 into a shape that fits and matches the polygonal outer circumferential shape of the inner ring 10.
[0028]
The outer diameters R1, R2 of the inner rings 21, 31 of the two rolling bearings 4, 5 disposed on both sides of the one-way clutch 3 are larger than the inner diameter r of the cage 12 of the one-way clutch 3. By setting, the axial displacement amount in the cage 12 of the one-way clutch 3 is regulated so that the cage 12 of the one-way clutch 3 is sandwiched from the axial direction by the inner rings 21 and 31 of the rolling bearings 4 and 5 on both sides. I am doing so.
[0029]
Next, the operation of the pulley unit A will be described. In short, when the rotational speed of the pulley 1 is relatively higher than that of the hollow shaft 2, the roller 13 of the one-way clutch 3 is rolled to the narrow side of the wedge-shaped space and becomes locked, so that the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2 and rotate together. However, when the rotational speed of the pulley 1 is relatively slower than that of the hollow shaft 2, the rollers 13 of the one-way clutch 3 are rolled to the wide side of the wedge-shaped space and become free. The transmission of rotational power to 2 is cut off, and the hollow shaft 2 continues to rotate only with the rotational inertia force.
[0030]
Incidentally, when the pulley unit A is used as an alternator for an automobile engine, the rotation of the rotor of the alternator is maintained at a high frequency regardless of the fluctuation in the rotation of the crankshaft of the engine that is the driving source of the belt B. Efficiency can be increased. That is, when the rotation speed of the crankshaft increases, the one-way clutch 3 is locked to rotate the inner ring body 2 synchronously with the outer ring body 1, while when the rotation speed of the crankshaft decreases, The one-way clutch 3 is in a free state, and the hollow shaft 2 may be continuously rotated by its own rotational inertia force regardless of the deceleration of the pulley 1.
[0031]
The first embodiment is characterized by the shape of the cage 12 in the one-way clutch 3 and will be described in detail below.
[0032]
That is, in the cage 12, side wall portions 12d and 12d exist on both axial sides of each pocket 12a, and the phase region corresponding to the protrusion 12c in each pocket 12a on the inner peripheral surface of the side wall portion 12d on one side. In addition, a recess 12e for injecting lubricant that is recessed outward in the radial direction is provided, and by setting the bottom surface position of the recess 12e to the same level as the inner diameter surface position of the protrusion 12c, the protrusion 12c is formed. The column part 12b is shifted to the outer diameter side.
[0033]
A method for securing the recess 12e of the cage 12 and shifting the protrusion 12c to the outer diameter side will be described.
[0034]
That is, the cage 12 here is manufactured by molding using a synthetic resin material. In this molding, as shown in FIG. 5, in order to form the inner mold 40 applied to the inner peripheral surface of the cage 12, the outer mold 41 applied to the outer peripheral surface of the cage 12, and the pocket 12a. And a plurality of rod-shaped dies 42. Among these, a plurality of convex portions 43... Corresponding to the concave portions 12 e of the cage 12 are provided for the inner mold, and are obtained by reverse transfer from the convex portions 43.
[0035]
If the retainer 12 is provided with the recess 12e as described above, the remaining space in the pocket 12a of the retainer 12 is lubricated with grease or the like when the one-way clutch 3 is assembled in the completed state. The agent can be injected. Specifically, even when the one-way clutch 3 is assembled in a completed state, a flow path along the axial direction is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 10 by the recess 12e provided in the cage 12, As shown in FIG. 4, by inserting the lubricant injection nozzle 7 into the flow path formed by the recess 12e and the inner ring 10, the lubricant can be filled into the pocket 12a of the cage 12. is there. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the lubricant injection operation in the middle of the manufacturing process of the one-way clutch 3, and the manufacturing process can be performed continuously from the beginning to the end, thereby contributing to the improvement of productivity.
[0036]
Further, the reason why the protrusion 12c of the cage 12 is provided shifted to the outer diameter side will be described. That is, the coil spring 14 is attached to the protrusion 12c. If the inner diameter surface of the protrusion 12c is set at the same level as the inner peripheral surface of the cage 12, the inner diameter surface of the protrusion 12c is Since it comes into contact with the cam surface 10a of the inner ring 10, the retainer 12 cannot be externally attached to the inner ring 10 with the coil spring 14 attached to the protrusion 12c. Therefore, if the position of the inner diameter surface of the protrusion 12c is shifted to the outer diameter side using a mold shape for obtaining the recess 12e, the coil spring 14 is interposed between the protrusion 12c and the cam surface 10a of the inner ring 10. The gap for making it secure is ensured.
[0037]
6 to 8 show a second embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pulley unit, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line (7)-(7) in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an inner ring and a cage in the one-way clutch. .
[0038]
In the pulley unit A of the second embodiment, in order to reduce the number of parts and the manufacturing cost, the inner / outer rings 21, 31, 22 of the inner / outer rings 10, 11 of the one-way clutch 3 and the two rolling bearings 4, 5 are reduced. , 32 are omitted, and the inner rings 21 and 31 are shared by the hollow shaft 2 of the pulley unit A, and the outer rings 22 and 32 are shared by the pulley 1 of the pulley unit A.
[0039]
In this connection, a deep groove ball bearing comprising a plurality of balls 23 and a crown-shaped cage 24 holding the balls 23 is used as the first rolling bearing 4, and a plurality of rollers 33 and the same are held as the second rolling bearing 5. A cage and roller comprising a cage 34 is used.
[0040]
The one-way clutch 3 in the second embodiment is composed of the cage 12 and 13 and the coil spring 14, and the configuration of the cage 12 is exactly the same as that described in the first embodiment. The same can be used. In this case, the assembly in which the roller 13 and the coil spring 14 are assembled in the pocket 12A of the retainer 12 is mounted between the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2, and the retainer is in a stage before the second rolling bearing 5 is assembled. It becomes possible to easily fill the lubricant into the 12 pockets 12a. If the lubricant is filled in the pocket 12a of the retainer 12 before the assembly described above is assembled between the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2, the lubricant is dripped in the assembly process of the assembly. There is concern that it will be difficult to handle. This is particularly advantageous.
[0041]
The shapes of the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2 will be described in detail.
[0042]
First, the flat cam surface 10a of the one-way clutch 3 is formed at several circumferential positions of the axial intermediate region 2a in the hollow shaft 2, and the inner rings of the rolling bearings 4 and 5 are formed in the two axial regions 2b and 2c. The track part is secured. In addition, the intermediate region 2a of the hollow shaft 2 is formed in an octagon, and both side regions 2b and 2c are formed in a circle.
[0043]
In the hollow shaft 2, the outer diameter size of the region 2 b that becomes the inner ring raceway portion of the first rolling bearing 4 is set larger than the outer diameter size of the region 2 c that becomes the inner ring raceway portion of the second rolling bearing 5. This is because the one-way clutch 3 and the two rolling bearings 4 and 5 can be easily assembled in order from one axial direction between the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2.
[0044]
Further, a track in which the ball 23 of the first rolling bearing 4 made of a deep groove ball bearing is interposed in a region 2b on one end side in the axial direction set to have a large diameter on the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft 2. Grooves are formed.
[0045]
A circumferential groove 2d is provided in a region 2c on the other end side in the axial direction set to a small diameter on the inner circumferential surface of the pulley 1 and the outer circumferential surface of the hollow shaft 2, and a cage and roller is provided with respect to the circumferential groove 2d. When the radially inward ring-shaped protrusion 34a provided on the inner circumference of the cage 34 of the second rolling bearing 5 is engaged, the cage 34 is positioned in the axial direction. Yes.
[0046]
The cage 12 of the one-way clutch 3 is formed in a shape that matches the outer shape of the axial intermediate region 2 a on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft 2, that is, an octagon, and each of the rollers 13 is held by the cage 12. By being externally fitted to the axial intermediate region 2a of the hollow shaft 2 in such a state, the rotation is prevented in the circumferential direction.
[0047]
Further, the cage 12 of the one-way clutch 3 is moved toward the first rolling bearing 4 by the tapered step portion 2e connecting the cam surface 10a of the intermediate region 2a and the large-diameter region 2b of the hollow shaft 2. The movement toward the second rolling bearing 5 is sealed by the cage 34 of the second rolling bearing 5 that is sealed and axially positioned with respect to the hollow shaft 2.
[0048]
In addition, this invention is not limited only to embodiment mentioned above, Various application and deformation | transformation can be considered.
(1) In the above-described embodiment, the one-way clutch 3 is described as being built in the pulley unit A. However, the one-way clutch 3 can be used for various apparatuses, and therefore the pulley unit A is used as an object of use. It is not limited to only.
(2) The detailed configuration of the one-way clutch 3 in the above embodiment is not limited, and various modifications are conceivable.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
The one-way clutch of the present invention is also provided in a state where the one-way clutch is assembled in a completed state by providing a flow path for injecting a lubricant into the pocket on the side wall portion on one side in the axial direction of the pocket of the cage. Since the lubricant can be easily injected into the cage pocket from the outside, it is not necessary to inject the lubricant in the middle of the assembly of the one-way clutch as in the past, and the assembly work of the one-way clutch is started from the beginning. Efficiency is improved, for example, it can be done continuously until the end. Therefore, it becomes possible to contribute to the improvement of the productivity of the one-way clutch.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an upper half of a pulley unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line (2)-(2) in FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an inner ring and a cage in a built-in one-way clutch. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a lubricant injection mode for a single one-way clutch according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pulley unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line (7)-(7) in FIG. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an inner ring and a cage in a one-way clutch of form 2. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an upper half of a conventional one-way clutch.
3 One-way clutch 10 Inner ring 10a of one-way clutch Inner cam face 11 One-way clutch outer ring 12 One-way clutch cage 12a Cage pocket 12d Cage side wall 12e Side wall recess 13 One-way clutch roller 14 Coil spring

Claims (1)

An outer ring having an inner peripheral surface formed in a cylindrical shape;
An inner ring that is inserted into the inner periphery of the outer ring and is provided with a cam surface that forms a wedge-shaped space with the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the outer ring at several places around the circumference;
Rollers arranged one by one in each of the wedge-shaped spaces;
An annular shape having a shape in which an inner peripheral surface is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring so as to be prevented from rotating, and a pocket in which the rollers are housed in a state where the circumferential rolling range is restricted. A cage of
A coil spring disposed in a pocket of the cage and elastically biasing the roller toward the narrow side of the wedge-shaped space;
The coil spring is attached to a protrusion protruding from one inner wall surface in the circumferential direction of the pocket,
In the retainer, a recessed portion that is recessed outward in the radial direction is provided in a phase region corresponding to the protrusion on the inner diameter surface of the side wall portion located on one side in the axial direction of each of the pockets. in, the present one-way clutch outer the pocket in the axial direction from the flow path lubricant may injected provided et al is directly, a bottom position of the recess in the inner diameter surface position and the radial direction of the projection One-way clutch characterized by being set to the same level .

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