JP4085977B2 - Wind power generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind turbine protection device that uses natural energy and a windmill protection device in a strong wind.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a variable pitch wind power generator in which the pitch of a rotor blade changes according to the wind pressure received by a wind turbine is well known as a wind turbine protection device or the like in this type of strong wind. In addition, there are a wind turbine suspended from a pivot according to the wind pressure received by the wind turbine, a suspended fixed-pitch type higher-order modified wind power generator in which a generator swings and changes. One of these methods uses a directional plate and an output adjustment spring attached to it to displace the wind turbine rotation speed according to the wind pressure so that only a constant wind force is applied to the wind turbine regardless of the wind speed. is there. During windstorms, the wind turbine is protected by moving it to the side with the least resistance by moving it to the side of the wind (see, for example, Patent Document 1). On the other hand, in the brake disc system in which a brake disc is provided in front of the propeller of the propeller shaft, braking is performed by causing friction by pressing the brake disc in a strong wind (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 58-128471 A JP-A-56-77573

  In such a conventional wind turbine generator, the wind speed of natural wind is strong. For example, when the wind speed is 60 m / s during a typhoon, the wind turbine rotates at high speed due to the strong wind. Further, there is a problem that the blade material is deteriorated or cracked repeatedly at high speed, and finally the blade is damaged when the internal stress of the material exceeds the breaking point. Therefore, many countermeasures have been conventionally taken, and a variable pitch type in which the pitch of the rotor blades changes during strong winds is known, but this requires a lot of incidental equipment such as a rotation transmission mechanism. There is also a suspension type fixed pitch system, which also has a rotation transmission mechanism and a spring mechanism, and requires many incidental facilities. In addition, the brake disk system requires a spring mechanism, and the system has a new problem such as breakage of a friction part because braking is performed by a frictional force. There is also a method of braking by applying an electromagnetic brake so that the blades do not rotate.

  In such a conventional method, the structure is complicated, and thereby the equipment cost is also expensive. Due to the complicated structure, there is a problem that requires a lot of man-hours, such as requiring periodic maintenance to secure the function. In addition, when braking by applying an electromagnetic brake, there is a problem in certainty that, for example, the windmill cannot be stopped when there is a failure in the battery.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, and to provide a protection device for a windmill that is simple, reliable, inexpensive, and has a long maintenance cycle.

  The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, comprising a wind turbine that captures and rotates natural wind, and a storage battery that converts the rotational energy into electrical energy and stores the centrifugal energy, and a centrifugal turbine provided coaxially with the rotating shaft of the wind turbine. An impeller and a fan having a casing in which the centrifugal impeller does not capture natural wind are formed.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator according to the first aspect, the fan includes the centrifugal impeller, a tongue portion, and a casing, and a shape of the tongue portion is changed.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the wind turbine generator according to the second aspect, wherein the gap between the centrifugal impeller and the tongue does not form a tongue shape up to the power generation wind speed region of the windmill, and enters the power generation wind speed region. It has the tongue part formation means which makes a tongue part shape in a casing, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator according to the first aspect, a bearing of the windmill is disposed in the ventilation passage near the discharge port of the centrifugal impeller and cooled by the discharge flow of the fan. It is characterized by that.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator according to the first aspect, the rotational direction of the centrifugal impeller is the blade direction of the centrifugal impeller relative to the direction in which the windmill receives natural wind and rotates. It is characterized by being disposed forward.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator according to the first aspect, the material of the centrifugal impeller is aluminum.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, the centrifugal impeller is a multi-blade impeller.

  The present invention according to claim 8 is the wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the storage battery, the inverter, the generator, a control device and other heating elements, the windmill and a connecting pole for holding the heating element, and the connecting pole Is a hollow structure that forms a ventilation path that communicates the heating element, connects the ventilation path to a suction port of the fan, and exhausts heat generated by the heating element from the fan.

  As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, in a strong wind such as a typhoon, the structure is simplified because braking is automatically performed by the braking force of the fan, and complicated incidental equipment is not required for wind turbine protection. In addition, the equipment cost is low due to the simple structure, the number of periodic maintenance for securing the braking function is small, and a wind turbine protection device with a long maintenance cycle can be provided.

  In addition, by using the fan characteristics of the fan, the heat generated from the storage battery, the generator, the inverter, the control device, etc. is connected to the hollow structure of the support pipe and exhausted.

  A first embodiment of the present invention is a wind turbine generator that includes a windmill that rotates by capturing natural wind and a storage battery that converts the rotational energy into electric energy and stores the same, and is provided coaxially with the rotation axis of the windmill. The centrifugal impeller and the centrifugal impeller are configured to form a fan having a casing that does not capture natural wind. As a result, the wind turbine is prevented from over-rotating due to an increase in natural wind by the load generated by the fan based on the rotational force of the wind turbine.

  According to a second embodiment of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator according to the first embodiment, the fan includes the centrifugal impeller, a tongue portion, and a casing, and the shape of the tongue portion is changed. Adjust the load applied to the windmill by changing the characteristics.

  According to a third embodiment of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator according to the second embodiment, the gap between the centrifugal impeller and the tongue does not form a tongue shape up to the power generation wind speed region of the wind turbine, When the wind speed region is entered, the casing has tongue forming means that forms a tongue in the casing. The fan characteristics are adjusted by the tongue so that the load of the fan is light during the natural wind speed at which the electric power generated by the windmill can be utilized, and the load of the fan is heavy when the wind speed is higher than that.

  According to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator according to the first embodiment, a wind turbine bearing is disposed in the ventilation path near the discharge port of the centrifugal impeller inside the casing to discharge the fan. The structure is cooled by a flow. Since the bearing temperature rises as the fan speed increases, the fan intake air passage is also provided in the bearing.

  According to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator according to the first embodiment, the centrifugal impeller rotates in the direction of rotation of the centrifugal impeller relative to the direction in which the windmill rotates by receiving natural wind. The blade direction of the car is arranged to face forward. The rotating direction of the windmill and fan blades is adjusted to prevent reverse loads.

  The sixth embodiment of the present invention is such that the material of the centrifugal impeller is made of aluminum in the wind turbine generator according to the first embodiment.

  According to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, in the wind turbine generators according to the first to sixth embodiments, the centrifugal impeller is configured as a multi-blade impeller.

  According to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator according to the first embodiment, a heating element such as the storage battery, an inverter, a generator, and a control device, and a connecting pole that holds the windmill and the heating element The connecting pole has a hollow structure and forms a ventilation path that communicates the heating element, and the ventilation path is connected to a suction port of the fan so that the heat generated by the heating element is exhausted from the fan. When exhausting the heat generated from the heating element, it is exhausted from a fan that does not capture the natural wind so that it is not affected by the outdoors such as rainwater intrusion.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a streetlight device using the wind power generator of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 is a perspective view of an overall outline of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fan component of the wind turbine generator, FIG. 3A is a front view of the wind turbine generator, and FIG. 3C is a partial cross-sectional view of the wind turbine in front of the wind power generator, FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the wind turbine in front of the wind power generator, and FIG. FIG. 5 is an overall perspective view of the propeller fan wind turbine of the wind turbine generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cooling portion of the bearing device of the wind turbine generator according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an overall front view of the exhaust heat ventilation path of the wind power generator of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Example 1
1 is a perspective view of an overall outline of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fan component of the wind turbine generator, FIG. 3A is a front view of the wind turbine generator, and FIG. FIG. 3C is a partial cross-sectional view of the wind turbine in front of the wind power generator, and FIG. 4 is a graph of the natural wind speed of the wind power generator and the rotational speed of the wind turbine and the fan. It is a characteristic table.

  The overall configuration of the wind turbine generator according to this embodiment is generated by the wind turbine 1, the fan 20 that prevents the wind turbine 1 from over-rotating, the power generator 30 that converts the rotational energy of the wind turbine 1 into electrical energy, and the power generator 30. A power storage device 40 that stores power and a lighting device 50 that is lit using the power stored in the power storage device 40 are provided. And the windmill 1, the fan 20, the electric power generating apparatus 30, the electrical storage apparatus 40, and the illuminating device 50 are each hold | maintained at predetermined height from the ground so that it may be inserted | pinched between the two poles 2. FIG. The pole 2 is installed on the ground by a mounting base 3, and the mounting base 3 is installed by a fixture such as an anchor bolt.

  The fan 20 includes a suction chamber 11 between a top plate 22, a side plate 23, and a bottom plate 24 that form a fan casing 21, and a top plate 22 of the fan casing 21 and a suction port 10 that is a hollow end portion of two poles 2. And a suction chamber 11, an orifice 12, a multiblade impeller 4, a tongue portion 13, and a fan discharge port 14. The multi-blade impeller 4 is coaxially connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 7 of the windmill 1, and the blades of the multi-blade impeller 4 are attached forward in the rotational direction in which the windmill 1 receives and rotates. The lower end of the windmill 1 is connected coaxially with the rotating shaft of the generator 5 provided in the power generator 30. The windmill 1 includes a rotating shaft 7 to which a generator 5 is connected via a joint 6, and a plurality of windmill blades 8 arranged around the rotating shaft 7. Bearings 9 are respectively provided at the upper and lower portions of the rotating shaft 7, and the rotating shafts 7 are held by the respective bearings 9. The bearings 9 are respectively provided inside the fan 20 and inside the power generator 30. Yes.

  A lighting device 50 is attached to the lower part of the power generation device 30, and the lighting 15 is provided inside.

  A control box 16 and a lead storage battery 17 are provided inside the power storage device 40, and can be automatically turned on and off by an illuminance sensor. The power storage device 40 includes an inspection door 18 for performing maintenance.

  The power generation device 30 and the lighting device 50 are electrically connected to the power storage device 40 via the control box 16, and the power generated by the rotational energy of the windmill 1 is stored in the power storage device 40 and stored in the power storage device 40. The supplied electric power is supplied to the lighting device 50 to light up.

  In the present embodiment, FIG. 4 shows characteristics when the windmill 1 is operated alone, when the fan 20 is operated alone, and when the windmill 1 and the fan 20 are operated integrally. In FIG. 4, as shown in the characteristic table of the natural wind speed and the rotational speed of the windmill and the fan, the A curve is the operating characteristic of the windmill 1 alone, and the rotational speed of the windmill 1 increases almost in proportion to the increase of the natural wind speed. is doing. The B curve is a load characteristic of the fan 20 alone, and the rotational speed of the fan 20 increases in proportion to the square of the natural wind speed as the natural wind speed increases. Here, the C curve of the operating characteristic when the fan 20 is attached to the windmill 1 is an operating characteristic obtained by subtracting the B curve from the A curve, and shows an actual operating state. Then, prevention of over-rotation of the windmill 1 will be described below in the case of the wind speed of 15 m / s, which is the upper limit value of the normal wind speed, and in the case of the wind speed of 60 m / s during the typhoon.

  The upper limit value of the normal wind speed is set to 15 m / s because the rated wind speed of the wind turbine generator is set to 15 m / s, and the generated power at the wind speed exceeding this is not stored in the power storage device 40, so the upper limit value is set. 15 m / s. Here, as shown in the C curve, the wind turbine 1 is operated at about 1000 r / min at the upper limit of the normal wind speed of 15 m / s, and when the fan 20 is attached, the fan 20 is installed at about 800 r / min. The rotational speed suppression rate by which the rotational speed of the windmill 1 decreases is 20%. In contrast, at a wind speed of 60 m / s during a typhoon, the single wind turbine 1 is operated at about 4400 r / min, and when the fan 20 is attached, the rotation speed suppression rate is 51% higher than about 2150 r / min, and the rotation speed suppression rate is large. is decreasing. This is because the rotational speed of the wind turbine 1 increases in proportion to the wind speed, but the rotational speed of the fan 20 increases by the square of the increase of the wind speed. As a result, when the windmill 1 and the fan 20 are connected coaxially, the rotation of the windmill 1 is less suppressed when the fan 20 is in a low wind speed region, and the rotation of the windmill 1 is suppressed in a high wind speed region. The stronger the wind is, the more the rotation speed of the windmill 1 is greatly suppressed to prevent over-rotation.

  Hereinafter, another embodiment of the wind turbine generator of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure which has the same function as the said Example, and description is abbreviate | omitted. Other configurations not shown in the following embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiment.

  The power storage device 40 can use a capacitor in addition to a lead storage battery.

(Example 2)
FIG. 5 is an overall schematic perspective view of the propeller fan wind turbine of the wind turbine generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the wind turbine generator according to the present embodiment uses a horizontal axis wind turbine, and includes a multi-blade impeller 4 coaxially with the rotating shaft 7 of the wind turbine 1, and a generator via a joint 6. 5 is connected. The multi-blade impeller 4 is provided inside the fan 20 and has a structure in which air sucked from the suction port 10 is scraped out by the multi-blade impeller 4 and exhausted to the fan discharge port 14.

  As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment as well, when the windmill 1 receives a strong wind, the multiblade impeller 4 that rotates coaxially can be prevented from becoming over-rotating due to resistance.

(Example 3)
FIG. 6 is a view of the cooling part of the bearing device of the wind turbine generator according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the bearing 9 is provided in the ventilation path in the fan 20 provided in the upper part of the said wind power generator.

In the above configuration, the air stored in the suction chamber 11 as a ventilation path in the two poles 2 is discharged to the outside by the multi-blade impeller 4 through the orifice 12.
Thereby, it becomes possible to apply a discharge flow to the bearing 9, and temperature rise can be prevented.

Example 4
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the components of the tongue of the wind turbine generator according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the tongue 13 attached in the fan 20 provided in the upper part of the wind power generator has a shape lost at a normal wind speed of 15 m / s or less, and has a shape at a strong wind exceeding 15 m / s. Variable structure.

  In the above configuration, the air in the fan 20 is scraped in the centrifugal direction by the rotation of the multi-blade impeller 4 and is discharged from the fan discharge port 14 to the outside of the apparatus via the tongue 13.

  By changing the tongue portion 13, the fan characteristics of the fan 20 can be adjusted, the load up to an arbitrary wind speed region can be reduced, and the power generation reduction caused by the fan 20 can be reduced.

(Example 5)
FIG. 8 is an overall front view of the exhaust heat ventilation path of the wind turbine generator according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  In the above configuration, the heat generated from the generator 5, the lighting 15, the control box 16, and the lead storage battery 17 is taken outside the apparatus by the fan 20 provided in the upper part of the wind power generator as a ventilation path inside the two poles 2. Discharged.

  As a result, the amount of heat generated inside the wind turbine generator can be discharged to the outside, and the temperature inside the device can be prevented from rising.

  The blades of the windmill 1 of the present invention may be other than Savonius and propeller, and do not stick to the shape of the blades as long as they rotate by natural wind.

  Although the present invention relates to protection of wind turbine blades when subjected to natural wind, the present invention can also be applied to those rotating by water flow or other fluids.

1 is a perspective view of an overall outline of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Perspective view of the fan component of the wind turbine generator (A) Front view of the wind turbine generator (B) Partial sectional view of a multi-blade impeller in front of the wind turbine generator (C) Partial sectional view of a wind turbine in front of the wind turbine generator The figure which shows the characteristic table | surface of the natural wind speed of the same wind power generator and the rotation speed of a windmill and a fan Overall perspective view of the propeller fan wind turbine of the wind turbine generator of the second embodiment of the present invention Cooling partial view of the bearing device of the wind turbine generator of the third embodiment of the present invention Component part figure of the tongue part of the wind power generator of the 4th example of the present invention Whole front view of exhaust heat ventilation path of wind turbine generator of fifth embodiment of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Windmill 2 Pole 3 Mounting stand 4 Multi-blade type impeller 5 Generator 6 Joint 7 Rotating shaft 8 Windmill blade 9 Bearing 10 Suction port 11 Suction chamber 12 Orifice 13 Tongue part 14 Fan discharge port 15 Illumination 16 Control box 17 Lead acid battery 18 Inspection door 20 Fan 21 Fan casing 22 Top plate 23 Side plate 24 Bottom plate 30 Power generation device 40 Power storage device 50 Illumination device

Claims (8)

In a wind turbine generator including a windmill that captures and rotates natural wind and a storage battery that converts the rotational energy into electrical energy and stores the centrifugal turbine, a centrifugal impeller provided coaxially with a rotational axis of the windmill, and the centrifugal impeller includes: A wind power generator characterized by forming a fan having a casing that does not capture natural wind. The wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the fan has the centrifugal impeller, a tongue, and a casing, and a shape of the tongue changes. The gap between the centrifugal impeller and the tongue portion does not form a tongue shape up to the power generation wind speed region of the wind turbine, and has tongue forming means that forms a tongue portion in the casing when entering the power generation wind speed region. The wind power generator according to claim 2. 2. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein a bearing of the windmill is disposed in a ventilation path near a discharge port of the centrifugal impeller inside the casing and is cooled by a discharge flow of the fan. 2. The wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugal impeller is arranged such that a blade direction of the centrifugal impeller is disposed forward relative to a direction in which the windmill rotates by receiving natural wind. apparatus. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugal impeller is made of aluminum. The wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the centrifugal impeller is a multi-blade impeller. A heating element such as the storage battery, inverter, generator, and control device, a connecting pole that holds the windmill and the heating element, and the connecting pole is a hollow structure that forms a ventilation path that communicates the heating element. 2. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein a path is connected to a suction port of the fan, and heat generated by the heating element is exhausted from the fan.

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