JP3804500B2 - Music score editing device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an information editing apparatus that can easily edit information of a plurality of persons in charge and a score editing apparatus that edits a score in accordance with a player's performance key or a selected part.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An apparatus for storing musical score data to be imaged in a predetermined format and displaying or printing it in the format has been put to practical use. However, in such a device, the score generated from one score data is limited to one type, and even if the music is the same, the score (total score) and the part score must have different score data. There was a disadvantage of not becoming. Further, even if only a part of a part is extracted from the score data of the score and displayed or printed, it is difficult to see as a part score because it is originally formatted or laid out for the score.
[0003]
Also, if you do not know in which key (key) the performers (including the singer) will perform, it is difficult to prepare accompaniment scores for all keys. In order to transpose the accompaniment score and read it, accompaniment was very necessary.
[0004]
The present invention relates to a score editing apparatus capable of displaying an accompaniment score in a key that matches a player's performance tone, editing a score according to the characteristics of a selected part, and editing a score corresponding to a plurality of selected parts. It is an object of the present invention to provide a music score editing apparatus capable of performing the above and an information editing apparatus for editing information of a plurality of persons in charge similar to a multi-part score.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention, selection and storage means for storing music data of a plurality of parts, and editing the knowledge base which stores edit rules for editing music groups of each part and multi-part of the song data, the group The part selection means for selecting the part belonging to the group as a part to be output as a score, the selected group and the editing rule corresponding to the part belonging to the group are read from the editing knowledge base, and the read editing It is assumed that the ward has an editing means for editing the data of the selected part as a score based on the rule.
[0010]
The present invention is the above invention, comprising: display means for displaying the score edited by the editing means; and progress detection means for detecting the progress of the player's performance based on the score displayed on the display means, The editing means updates the score displayed on the display means in accordance with the detection result of the progress detection means.
In the above invention, the present invention further comprises key designating means for designating a key to be played by the performer, and the editing means edits the score in the key designated by the key designating means regardless of the original key of the song data. It is characterized by.
[0011]
In the present invention, a score is edited according to the part selected by the selection means based on music data of a plurality of parts (which can be automatically played). The score is edited according to the selected part. For example, a staff (such as a treble staff or a staff staff) corresponding to the selected part is used. When multiple parts are selected, notes are arranged so that the time axes of each part are aligned. Thereby, various styles of music such as part music, section music, TAB music, phrase music, chorus music, melody music, drum music, percussion music, and the like can be generated.
Also, edit rules include octave adjustment, special performance description, transposition by tube type, drum percussion correspondence, chorus part voice division, piano grand staff, melody score lyrics display, etc. Thus, an appropriate score can be generated in accordance with the characteristics of the musical instrument to be played.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A musical score display printing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the score display printing apparatus. The score display / printing device is a device in which the score editing unit 10 edits and displays or prints a score based on song data stored in the song database 11. The song database 11 stores song data of one or more songs. The song data is data that can be automatically played, and has a configuration as shown in FIG. The musical score editing unit 10 has a function of expanding music notes in a format that allows the performer to view the music data in a format that can be automatically played as a musical score and editing it into a musical score. The score editing knowledge base 12 stores various rules for editing the music data into a score. An example of this editing rule is shown in FIG.
[0013]
In addition to the music database 11 and the score editing knowledge base 12, the score editing unit 10 is connected to a part selection unit 13, a key designating unit 14, a sound source 16, a display unit 17, and a printing unit 18.
[0014]
The key designation unit 14 designates the key of a song to be displayed or printed as a score. The score editing unit 10 edits the score in the key specified by the key specifying unit 14 regardless of the original key of the song data of the song.
[0015]
The key designation unit 14 may be one in which the operator specifically designates a key such as “C major” or “G major”, and includes a key detection unit 14a as shown in FIG. The key detected by the key detector 14a may be designated to the score editing unit 10.
[0016]
The key detection unit 14a includes, for example, a microphone, detects the musical tone of the musical instrument input from the microphone and the pitch of the singing voice of the singer, and detects the key based on the pitch. For example, (1) a scale in which a performer performed a musical instrument with an instrument (such as de les mi fa fa so la si de) or a scale sung by a singer is input from a microphone, and the sound of this scale Detects key that applies to high. (2) Obtain song data (only melody data is sufficient) from the score editing unit 10 and input the melody that the performer performed with the instrument or the one that the singer sang from the microphone. The key is determined by comparing the pitch of the melody with the pitch of the song data. (3) Obtain the highest and lowest pitches of the song data (parts selected by the part selection unit described later) from the score editing unit 10 and obtain the highest and lowest notes (range) of the instrument or singing from the microphone. input. Determine the key so that the highest and lowest notes of the song fall within the instrument or singing range. The key may be determined by any one of the processes. The processes {circle around (1)}, {circle around (2)}, and {circle around (3)} may be executed anywhere in the key detection unit 14a, key designation unit 14, and score editing unit 10.
[0017]
The part selection unit 13 is an operation unit for the user to select a part to be edited in the score. The song data stored in the song database 11 is generally composed of a plurality of tracks. When each track is associated with a predetermined part (instrument) in advance, the part selection is performed by selecting a part or a track. It is only necessary to select one of these. If each track is not associated with a part (instrument), part selection selects both the part and the track associated with this part. It should be noted that even if each track is song data associated with a predetermined part (instrument) in advance, both the part and the track associated with the part may be selected to recombine the part.
[0018]
The score editing unit 10 edits the score of the part selected by the part selection unit 13 in the key specified by the key specifying unit 14. If a plurality of song data is stored in the song database 11, it is assumed that one of them is selected by some operation. If no key is specified from the key specification unit 14, the score may be edited using the key of the song data.
[0019]
Further, when a plurality of parts are selected, a part score of each part may be created, or a multi-stage score (section score) combining the selected parts may be created. What is necessary is just to make it possible to select whether to create the plurality of parts or section music by the user's operation.
[0020]
Here, the composition of the song data will be described with reference to FIG. The song data is composed of track 0 storing information related to the entire song and tracks 1 to n storing information of each part. Each track has a header and a body, and time-independent information is written in the header. For example, in the header of track 0, a song title / version, credits such as composer / lyricist / right holder, genre (general / detail), creation date, number of parts (number of tracks), and the like are written. In addition, in the headers of tracks 1 to n, the type of musical instrument (mainly / detailed), the tonality of the musical instrument, the sound range, and the like (information specific to the musical instrument) are written.
[0021]
Further, time-dependent information, that is, sequence information to be read and executed in accordance with the progress of music is written in the main body of the track. For example, on the main body of track 0, tempo, tonality, phrase (movement) mark / repeated mark, chord mark, initialization information necessary for driving the sound source, etc. are written at a position on the time axis according to the read timing. ing. Further, the performance data of the part (data indicating performance contents such as MIDI data), initialization information necessary for driving the sound source, and other information (musical instrument specific information) are written in the main body of tracks 1 to n. .
[0022]
By reading the information of each track of the song data sequentially from the beginning in accordance with the tempo clock and inputting it to the sound source 16, this song can be automatically played. The musical score editing unit 10 edits music data stored in a format that can be automatically played into a musical score in a format that the performer can see and understand, displays the musical score data on the display unit 17, and prints it on the printing unit 18.
[0023]
The score editing knowledge base 12 stores the following score editing rules.
[0024]
Examples of score editing rules (general rules) generally required for displaying or printing a score include the following.
Assign to each musical note an appropriate note symbol for the length of the note, and the note bars other than all notes will extend downward if the note is above the third line, and the second line If it is below, extend to the top.
In this case, when two notes are connected and straddle the third line, when starting from a note above the third line, the bar is extended downward, and when starting from a note below the third line Stretch the bar up.
If the number of notes in each region above the third line and below the third line is different when straddling the third line with three or more connected tuplets, the larger one Follow the rules. When the number of notes in each area is the same, the bar is extended downward when starting from the note above the third line, and the bar is extended upward when starting from the note below the third line.
[0025]
The interval between notes is set according to the length of the note. In places where there are no notes (no sound), rests corresponding to the length are displayed. Percussion instruments without pitches are represented by TAB music. When a plurality of parts are represented in a multi-stage score, notes are arranged along the time axis.
[0026]
Next, as an individual score editing rule (part individual rule) corresponding to the selected part, for example, there are the following.
First, there are the following notation rules for staff notation according to each part. The violin is represented by a treble clef, the viola is represented by a treble clef (alto music), and the cello is basically represented by a treble clef (a high-pitched phrase is a treble clef (tenor score) or treble clef). The base is represented by a clef symbol and is one octave higher. Some woodwind instruments, such as brass instruments and clarinets, are transposed according to the length of the tube (B tube, F tube, etc.). A horn represents a semitone up or down with a temporary symbol without using a key. Etc.
[0027]
Then, the musical score is edited according to the following rules according to the type of music data and the selected part. First, when full orchestra song data is selected,
If the part selected by the part selection unit is a “conductor”, a total score (orchestra score) is created using all the tracks. At this time, the parts are arranged in the order of woodwind instruments (flute, oboe,...), Brass instruments (horn, trumpet,...), Percussion instruments, and stringed instruments (1st violin, 2nd violin,...).
When the part selected from the part selection unit is a “string section”, a musical score in which a 1st violin, a 2nd violin, a viola, a cello, and a bass are combined is created using a track of a stringed instrument part.
In the case of an orchestral piece with chorus, if the chorus part is selected from the part selection section, a piano accompaniment score arranged for the piano accompaniment of the four-voice chorus part track and the orchestra part Create a chorus score combining.
As described above, the part selection by the part selection unit 13 can not only select individual specific instruments such as violins and flutes, but can also select a plurality of instruments simultaneously, such as a string section. A group can also be selected, and a person who does not play an instrument such as a conductor (such as an executive) can be selected as a part. By selecting a plurality of musical instruments at the same time, the performer can see the score other than his / her part such as melody and accompaniment sound, and more accurate performance is possible. In addition, when a part called piano accompaniment is selected in song data without a piano accompaniment track, a piano accompaniment part may be created by combining instrument parts other than chorus.
[0028]
Next, when rock band song data is selected,
When “band score” is selected in the part selection unit, a so-called band score is created by combining the tracks of all the parts.
When the “rhythm section” part is selected in the part selection section, a part score is created by combining the track of the base part and the drum part.
When “Vocal” is selected in the part selection section, a vocal score is created using a track of melody and lyrics.
[0029]
When the genre of the selected music data is a folk music, it is possible to print only lyrics and chord symbols. The code information may be written on the entire information track.
[0030]
In the case of a transposing instrument as described above, a musical score is expressed with a tone and pitch different from those of the actual sound. When this is played with an electronic musical instrument, all parts are expressed as actual sounds. In this case, the part may be an electronic musical instrument, and the tone (part name) may be added to the score.
[0031]
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the score display printing apparatus. First, the user selects a song (s1). Then, the score editing unit 10 reads the song data of the selected song from the song database 11 (s2). Next, the user specifies a key and selects a part (s3, s4). The score editing unit 10 reads necessary editing rules from the score editing knowledge base based on the key designation and part selection (s5). Then, the music data is edited as a musical score based on the editing rule (s6), and is displayed and printed (s7).
Reading of editing rules from the score editing knowledge base 12 reads general and general rules that are not related to the part to be edited and individual rules according to the part to be edited.
[0032]
In addition, either the display / printing operation of s7 may be performed. In order to make the content of the score more accurate, the edited score is first displayed on the display unit 17 (s10), and the user manually corrects the layout and expression of the notes while viewing the displayed score. Then, the score is determined (s11), and the determined score is printed by the printing unit 18 (s12).
[0033]
Further, it may be displayed on the display unit 17 without being printed. In this case, when the score covers a plurality of pages, a page turning operation such as turning on a button switch of the user (player) or the progress of the song is detected. Then, the page of the score displayed on the display unit 17 may be advanced (s16, s17, s18).
[0034]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a musical score display apparatus that includes a plurality of display units without including a printing unit. This device is a device that displays a score on each part of an orchestra based on, for example, orchestral song data. In this drawing, a score editing section 20 edits a score in the same manner as the score editing section 10 of FIG. 1, but edits (displays) a score of a plurality of parts simultaneously based on orchestral song data. The display unit 27 is installed at the performance position of each part, and the performer of each part of the orchestra can see the display unit 27 installed at the performance position of the part. Each display unit 27 displays a score of a part corresponding to the position where the display unit 27 is installed. In this figure, the description of the song database, the score knowledge base, the key designating unit, etc. is omitted, but this apparatus is supplied with orchestral song data from the song database, and the score editing knowledge base has the part score of each part. Assume that editing rules are provided to create
[0035]
The score editing section 20 updates the score displayed on each display section 27 in synchronization with the progress of the song input from the progress instructing section 23. The score may be edited in real time when updated, or may be edited in advance and stored in the score storage unit 21. This pre-editing operation may be performed by editing all the songs before the start of the performance by the performer, or by performing a forward-end process when the performer is performing.
[0036]
Thus, even a performance of a large number of people such as an orchestra can be performed while displaying the part score for each person without distributing the part score to each person, so that the so-called trouble of turning pages can be saved.
[0037]
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an accompaniment score display apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. This accompaniment score display device detects a singer's key (tonality), displays the score transposed to that key, detects the progress of the singer's singing and key shift, and tracks the score in real time. The display is updated. The score editing unit 30 edits the song data (score data) read from the song database 31 based on the editing rules read from the score editing knowledge base 32 and displays the edited data on the display unit 39. In this apparatus, the song data stored in the song database 31 is mainly song data of a song, and the score editing unit 30 is an accompaniment score for a piano or an electronic keyboard instrument for accompaniment of this song. Is displayed on the display unit 39. First, the singer performs an operation of inputting a voice from the microphone 35 and determining a key. The audio signal input from the microphone 35 is converted into a digital signal by the AD converter 34 and input to the frequency detector 33. The frequency detector 33 detects the frequency of the input (digital) audio signal. Information of the detected frequency is input to the tone detector 3 6 and the traveling detector 38.
[0038]
Prior to the performance, the key detection unit 36, as described above, (1) the scale in which the performer performed the musical instrument with the instrument (such as de les mi fa fa so la si de) or the singer A singing scale is input from a microphone, and a key that corresponds to the pitch of this scale is detected. (2) Obtain music data (only melody data is required) from the score editing section 30 and input the melody that the performer played with the instrument or the one sung by the singer from the microphone. The key is determined by comparing the pitch of the melody with the pitch of the song data. (3) Obtain the highest and lowest pitches of the song data (part selected by the part selection unit described later) from the score editing unit 30 and obtain the highest and lowest notes (sound range) of the instrument or singing from the microphone. input. Determine the key so that the highest and lowest notes of the song fall within the instrument or singing range. The key may be determined by any one of these detection operations, and the user can select which operation the key is determined by operating the operation unit 37.
[0039]
Further, the progress detection unit 38 compares the pitch information of the melody of the song data supplied from the score editing unit 30 with the frequency information input from the frequency detection unit 33 to determine where the singer is singing. The detected singing progress information is output to the score editing unit 30. The score editing unit 30 updates the score displayed on the display unit 39 based on the singing progress information. The key detection unit 36 compares the pitch information of the melody supplied from the score editing unit 30 with the frequency information input from the frequency detection unit 33 at the tempo of the progress of the music detected by the progress detection unit 38. It detects whether the singer is changing the singing tone. The key detection by the key detection unit 36 and the progress detection of the music by the progress detection unit 38 are communicated with each other.
[0040]
Note that the score to be displayed may be updated not by singing progress information but by progress based on the tempo of the song data supplied from the score editing unit 30, whereby the singer sings along with the song data. be able to.
[0041]
Thus, in this accompaniment score display device, not only can the accompaniment score be advanced in accordance with the singing of the singer, but also the singer does not become too loud or too low to adjust naturally. Even if it changes, since the tonality of the score is changed accordingly, the accompanist can perform the accompaniment to the singer's tone without having to read the score by himself.
[0042]
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the accompaniment score display apparatus. Prior to performance, the key is first detected (s21). This tone detection operation is as described above. The display of the score is started in the detected key (s22). When the performance of the performers (singer and accompanist) starts based on this display, the progress detection unit 38 detects the progress of the song based on the sound input from the microphone 35 (s23), and also detects the singing pitch. (S24).
[0043]
When it is detected from the singing progress information detected by the progress detection unit 38 that the page of the score displayed on the display unit 39 is about to end (s25), a page break of the displayed score is performed (s25). s26).
When it is determined that the singer has changed the key based on the singing pitch detected by the key detection unit 36 (s27), the score is transposed and edited again (s28), and this is displayed on the display unit 39. (S29). Since the transposition of the musical score is accompanied by up and down pitches (notes), the direction of the bar of each note is performed in accordance with the editing rules described above.
[0044]
The music database stores musical data for performance, but stores musical score data for display instead of performance data, and the musical score editing unit 30 moves up and down notes according to key settings. And key marks (#, ♭) may be rewritten.
[0045]
The accompaniment score display device has been described by taking a singing accompaniment device as an example, but the accompaniment performance is not limited to singing and may be various musical instruments.
[0046]
1, 4, and 5 are functional block diagrams of the apparatus, it can be realized by a computer system and software.
In addition, all of the embodiments have been described with respect to an apparatus for editing and displaying a score. However, the present invention is not limited to a score, and the present invention is not limited to a score, and can output a flow of a project executed by a plurality of persons in cooperation with each other. Can also be applied.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, information for each of a plurality of persons in charge can be freely selected and edited, so that project management becomes easy.
[0048]
Further, according to the present invention, even if the performer moves the key during the performance, the score is updated following it, so that the accompanist does not need to transpose and reread the score, and accompaniment is facilitated. .
[0049]
Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to generate an appropriate score according to the characteristics of the musical instrument based on the music data that can be automatically played, and from various parts of the music data, various styles can be adapted to the player's request. Can be generated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a score display printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of song data stored in a song database of the score display printing apparatus. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a score display apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an accompaniment score display apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Flow chart showing the operation of the accompaniment score display device
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Musical score editing part, 11 ... Music database, 12 ... Musical score editing knowledge base, 13 ... Part selection part, 14 ... Key designation part, 14a ... Key detection part, 16 ... Sound source, 17 ... Display part, 18 ... Printing part,
20 ... Music score editing section, 21 ... Music score storage section, 23 ... Progression instruction section, 27 ... Display section,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 30 ... Musical score edit part, 31 ... Music database, 32 ... Musical score editing knowledge base, 33 ... Frequency detection part, 34 ... AD converter (ADC), 35 ... Microphone, 36 ... Key detection part, 37 ... Operation part, 38 ... Progression Detection unit, 39 ... display unit

Claims (3)

Storage means for storing multiple parts of song data;
An editing knowledge base that stores editing rules when editing the score of a group consisting of each part and a plurality of parts of the song data;
By selecting the group, the part selecting means for selecting a part for outputting the part belonging to the group as a musical score,
Editing means for reading out the editing rule corresponding to the selected group and the parts belonging to the group from the editing knowledge base, and editing the data of the selected part as a score based on the read editing rule;
A sheet music editing device. Display means for displaying the score edited by the editing means;
Progress detection means for detecting the progress of the performer's performance based on the score displayed on the display means,
2. The score editing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the editing means updates a score displayed on the display means according to a detection result of the progress detection means. A key designating means for designating the key to be played by the performer,
3. The score editing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the editing means edits a score in a key specified by the key specifying means regardless of an original key of the music data.

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