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JP3732625B2 - Rubber composition, waterproofing material and waterproofing structure - Google Patents

Rubber composition, waterproofing material and waterproofing structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3732625B2
JP3732625B2 JP22627197A JP22627197A JP3732625B2 JP 3732625 B2 JP3732625 B2 JP 3732625B2 JP 22627197 A JP22627197 A JP 22627197A JP 22627197 A JP22627197 A JP 22627197A JP 3732625 B2 JP3732625 B2 JP 3732625B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
concrete
water
rubber
sheet
water stop
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JP22627197A
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JPH1160823A (en
Inventor
秀夫 田中
文夫 門田
孝泰 内海
弘三 藤井
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Hayakawa Rubber Co Ltd
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Hayakawa Rubber Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、合成ゴム、天然ゴム、再生ゴムに酸化カルシウム又は更に親水性ポリマーが配合されているゴム組成物に関する。特に、本発明は、かかるゴム組成物をシート状又は帯状に成型し、土木、建築分野のコンクリート壁遮水面やコンクリート打ち継ぎ部に配設し、遮水面や打継ぎ面を止水する構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
コンクリート建造物等のコンクリート打継ぎ部には、特公昭51−21246号や特公平1−26391号公報に示された再生ゴムを主体とした止水材が使用されている。かかる止水材は、再生ゴムに充填剤、軟化剤、樹脂等を配合して成型されているが、製品表面に粘着性があり、製品を離型フィルム等で保護する必要がある。
【0003】
そのため、現場で1次側コンクリートに埋設するときに、埋設部分の離型フィルムを取り除き埋設し、2次側コンクリート打設まではゴミ、埃等が付着して接着性を阻害しないように、埋設していない部分の離型フィルムをつけたままで放置しておき、2次側コンクリート打設直前に、離型フィルムを取り除いてコンクリートを打設し、打継ぎ部の止水処理を行う。
【0004】
また、コンクリート建造物の地下外壁防水においては、ゴム系シート、ゴム化アスファルトシート、塩ビ系シート、EVA系シート等が遮水シートとして用いられている。かかる遮水シートの施工には、地下外壁を完成させた後、外壁面に遮水シートを貼り付け防水する後やり工法が主体に用いられる。一方、遮水シートの施工には、予め遮水シートを地下連続壁下地等に貼り、その後コンクリートを打設し、地下外壁を完成させると同時に遮水シートによる防水も完了する先やり工法も行われている。
【0005】
後やり工法においては、接着剤等を用いて遮水シートをコンクリート下地に全面接着させれば、シートの破損等の不具合により地下水等が侵入しても、地下水等がシートと下地の界面を伝わって拡散して、ひび割れ個所等から漏水するのを防ぐことができる。しかし、先やり工法においては、コンクリート下地とシートの間に接着剤を使用できないため、侵入水の拡散防止のためコンクリートとシートとの強固な接着が必要となる。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の再生ゴムを主体とした止水材は、生コンクリートの養生硬化に伴いコンクリートと接着し止水性を発揮する。かかる止水材は、表面に粘着性を有するため高価な離型フィルムや保護層を必要とする。また、かかる止水材を施工する場合には、施工手順に従い、離型フィルムを取り外していく必要があり、施工手間が多大にかかったり、接着面を保護するための維持管理に注意を要する。
【0007】
また、地下駐車場等の地下構造物は、連続地中壁工法によるものが増えているが、防水工法としては先やり工法が適している。先やり工法で使用する遮水シートは地下コンクリートに強固に接着する必要があるが、市販されている遮水シートは生コンクリートの養生硬化に伴う接着性が全くないか、あるとしても侵入水圧に耐えるまでの接着力を有するものがない。
【0008】
本発明は、コンクリートとの接着性に優れ、表面に離型フィルムを必要としない止水材を得ることを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、ゴム組成物であって、固型のブチル系ゴムからなるゴム材料100重量部と、酸化カルシウム2〜300重量部とのゴム配合物からなり、生コンクリートが硬化するときにコンクリートと2.5kgf/25mm(約24.5N/25mm、1kgf=9.80665Nとして換算)(ゴム組成物の試料シート上にモルタルを打設し、7日後において、試料シート上に接着させた25mm幅にスリットした補強シートを応力測定器で水平方向に引っ張ることにより測定、引張速度:約200mm/分、測定温度:25℃、180°剥離接着力)以上の接着性を示すゴム組成物に係るものである。かかるゴム組成物には、更に、親水性ポリマー5〜50重量部を配合することができる。
また、本発明は、かかるゴム組成物からなる止水材及びかかる止水材を用いる止水構造に係るものである。
【0010】
本発明者は、かかるゴム組成物が、土木・建築分野での遮水シートや打ち継ぎ部止水材として優れた性能を示し、確実な止水性と作業手間の削減を提供できることを突き止め、本発明に到達した。
【0011】
従来、合成ゴムや天然ゴム等における非ブチル系ゴムは、コンクリートとの接着性が乏しいことから、コンクリート接着性止水材材料としては用いられていなかった。
【0012】
ところが、驚くべきことに、本発明者は、かかるゴム材料に所定量の酸化カルシウムを配合すると、生コンクリートに接触させた状態で、コンクリートが養生硬化するに伴ってコンクリートと強固に接着することを見出した。
【0013】
また、従来のブチル再生ゴムを主体とした止水材は、表面に粘着性を有するため、高価な離型フィルムや保護層が設けられており、施工手間がかかったり、接着面を保護するための維持管理が必要であった。
【0014】
しかし、本発明者が検討したところ、ブチルゴムを主体とするブチル系ゴム材料に所定量の酸化カルシウムを配合すると、表面粘着性のない状態でも、コンクリートに対する接着性が著しく向上することが見出された。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明にかかる固型のゴム材料には、合成ゴム、天然ゴム、再生ゴムを用いることができる。合成ゴムとしては、ブチルゴム、スチレン・ブタジエンゴム、エチレン・プロピレンゴム、クロロプレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、ニトリルゴム等が挙げられ、これらは1種又は2種以上を混合して用いても良い。天然ゴムには、市販されている種々のグレードが使用できる。再生ゴムには、ブチルゴムが主体のチューブ再生ゴム(ブチル再生ゴム)、タイヤ再生ゴム、雑再生ゴムが使用できるが、ブチルゴムを主成分とするチューブ再生ゴムが適している。
【0016】
本発明にかかる酸化カルシウムは、化学式(CaO)で示され、別名生石灰又は焼石灰と呼ばれる無機物であり、脂肪酸や界面活性剤等で表面処理されたものがゴム用に適している。酸化カルシウムは、ゴム材料100重量部に対し2〜300重量部配合する。これにより、生コンクリートの養生硬化に伴う、ゴム材料のコンクリートに対する良好な接着性が発現する。配合量が2重量部未満であると、コンクリートとの接着性を充分発揮できず、一方、配合量が300重量部を超えると、防水材としての物性が低下する。
【0017】
本発明で用いる親水性ポリマーとしては、ポリエチレングリコール、エチレンオキサイド樹脂等のエチレングリコール類、ウレタンプレポリマー類、ブチラール樹脂類、ポリビニルアルコール類等が挙げられ、これらは1種又は2種以上を混合して用いても良い。
【0018】
かかる親水性ポリマーは、生コンクリートの水分に対し親水性を示し、特に、ブチル系ゴムに添加した場合には、生コンクリートの養生硬化に伴い、コンクリートとの初期接着力を上げ、更に長期の接着力も上げる効果がある。
【0019】
親水性ポリマーは、配合量が5重量部を下まわると、親水性の効果が薄い。一方、50重量部を超えると、コンクリートの接着性に悪影響を及ぼす恐れが生じる。
【0020】
本発明のゴム組成物には、ゴム用の充填剤として一般的に使用される、カーボンブラック等の黒色充填剤、ケイ酸・ケイ酸塩類、炭酸塩類等の白色充填剤を添加しても良い。また、本発明では、植物油系、鉱物油系、合成可塑剤系等の軟化剤や可塑剤を、配合剤の分散性や加工性の改良のために適量添加しても良い。
【0021】
本発明では、ベースとなるゴムの性能を改質するアタクチックポリプロピレン(APP)やエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA)及びブチル系、ブタジエン系又はクロロプレン系の液状ゴムやスチレン系又はオレフィン系の熱可塑性ゴムや石油アスファルト等の改質材を添加しても良い。
【0022】
本発明のゴム組成物は、通常のゴム工業で用いられる成形方法により、コンクリート建造物の面防水や線防水に適するようなシート形状や帯形状に成型され、止水材として利用される。
【0023】
本発明のゴム組成物をゴム用押出機により帯状止水材に成型し、コンクリート構造物の止水構造を得ることができる。この場合、止水材の幅方向の一部を1次コンクリート側の打継ぎ部に埋設した後、この止水材の幅方向の残りの部分を2次コンクリートに埋設して止水構造を形成する。
【0024】
かかる止水材は、コンクリートに対し、優れた止水性を発揮する。また、かかる止水材は、表面の粘着性がなく、表面を保護する離型フィルムや保護層を必要とせず、施工が容易で、省力化が図られる。
【0025】
また、本発明のゴム組成物をゴム用カレンダーロールやローラーヘッド成型機等でシート状止水材に成型し、コンクリート構造物の止水構造を得ることができる。この場合、シートの背面に補強用の加硫ゴムシート層や不織布等の緩衝層を設け、連続地中壁工法ソイル・ミキシング・ウォール(SMW)下地面に取り付け、先やり工法で外壁を形成すると同時に外壁のSMW側にコンクリートと接着した止水構造を形成する。
【0026】
かかる止水材は、コンクリート外壁に強固に接着し、シート表面の粘着もなく容易に、コンクリート構造物に防水層を設けることができる。
【0027】
【実施例】
次に、本発明の実施例を比較例と共に説明する。
実施例1〜8、参考例1〜3、比較例1〜6
表1〜表3に示す配合割合で、ゴム100重量部に各構成成分を配合し、ゴム用混練機(ニーダー)で混練してゴム組成物を得た。また、常法に従いゴム用カレンダーにより圧延して、厚さ2mm程度のシート試料をそれぞれ作製した。
【0028】
各シート試料を下記試験方法により性能を調べた。
コンクリートとの接着性
試料シートに1:3モルタルを打設し、7日後及び28日後において、シートとコンクリートとの接着力を求めた。図1は、接着力測定装置の斜視図である。図1に示すように、モルタル1上にシート試料2を接着させ、シート試料2の上に25mm幅にスリットした補強シート3を接着させた。シート試料2とコンクリート1との接着力は、補強シート3を応力測定器4で矢印A方向に引っ張ることにより測定した。引張速度は約200mm/分で、測定温度は25℃、180°剥離接着力(kgf/25mm)を求めた。結果を表1〜表3に示す。
【0029】
指触タック
シート試料表面の粘着性を指触により測定した。各シート試料の表面を指先で触れ、タックの程度を確認した。結果を表1〜表3に示す。
【0030】
【表1】

Figure 0003732625
【0031】
表1に示す測定結果より、実施例1〜5のブチルゴムベースのゴム組成物から形成されたシートは、モルタルの硬化がほぼ完了する28日後に高い接着力を示し、破壊状態も凝集破壊であり、優れた接着性を示した。また、シート試料の表面は粘着性を有していなかった。
【0032】
一方、表1に示すように、比較例1〜3のゴム組成物は、いずれもブチル系ゴムをベースにしたが、酸化カルシウムの量が不適切な例である。比較例1のシートでは、酸化カルシウム添加量が1重量部と少なく、充分な接着力が得られなかった。比較例2のシートでは、逆に酸化カルシウムの添加量が350重量部のゴム組成物であり、シートの硬化及びクラックによる崩壊状態を示し、接着力も低く、防水シートとしての使用は不適であった。比較例3のシートでは、酸化カルシウムが添加されておらず、有効な接着力を示さなかった。
【0033】
【表2】
Figure 0003732625
【0034】
表2に示すように、実施例6〜8のゴム組成物には、ブチルゴムベースに親水性ポリマーを添加した。これらのゴム組成物からなるシートは、7日後の接着力において、親水性ポリマーを添加していない実施例1〜5のシートに比較して、高い接着力を示し、初期の接着力に優れる性能を示した。
【0035】
また、比較例4のゴム組成物は、特公平1−26391号公報に記載されたゴム組成物と類似させた。このゴム組成物からなるシートは、柔らかく、表面粘着性も大きい。また、このシートは、接着力も1.1kgf/25mmであり、各実施例に比較して劣っていた。
【0036】
【表3】
Figure 0003732625
【0037】
表3に示すように、参考例1〜3のゴム組成物には、ゴムベースとして天然ゴムとスチレン・ブタジエンゴム、クロロプレンゴム、エチレン・プロピレンゴムの合成ゴムを使用した。ブチル系ゴムベースのゴム組成物に比較して、多少接着性が劣るが、防水シートとしては充分な接着性能を示した。
【0038】
一方、比較例5と比較例6のゴム組成物では、合成ゴムのエチレン・プロピレンゴム及び天然ゴムをベースにしたが、酸化カルシウムを含んでいない。これらの組成物からなるシートは、表3に示すように、接着状態が界面剥離となり、接着力も小さく、コンクリートと接着性を有する防水シートとしての使用は不適と思われた。
【0039】
実施例9
実施例1〜8、参考例1〜3のゴム組成物を、約6mm厚で200mm幅の帯状の止水板に成型し、図2に示すコンクリート構造物の止水構造に用いた。図2は、一部断面を含む止水構造の斜視図である。図2に示すように、1次側コンクリート5の打設時に、止水板6の幅方向の一部分6aを埋設し、1次側コンクリート5の硬化後、2次側コンクリートを打設し、止水板6の幅方向の他の部分6bを埋設して、コンクリート打継ぎ部が止水された止水構造を製造した。本実施例、参考例では、止水板とコンクリートが強固に接着した止水構造が得られた。また、止水板の埋設工程では保護フィルム等を取り除いたり、表面を保護するための管理や注意も必要がなく容易に施工が完了した。
【0040】
尚、図2に示す様に、メッシュ状の中間層7を止水板6の幅方向よりはみ出させた状態で製造しておき、施工現場において中間層7付き止水板6をコンクリート打継ぎ部に、なまし鉄線8等を用いて配筋9に取り付け、止水板6の幅方向の一部分6aが埋まるまで1次側コンクリート5を打設し、養生後2次側コンクリートを打設する工法が有効である。
【0041】
実施例10
実施例1〜8のゴム組成物を約1.5mm厚のシート状止水板に成型し、図3に示すコンクリート構造物の止水構造に用いた。図3は、この止水構造の断面図である。図3に示すように、シート状止水板10を1.5mm厚の加硫ゴムシート11とラミネートし、また加硫ゴムシート11の背面側には約5mm厚の排水用バッキング層12を設けた外壁用遮水シート13を作製した。この遮水シート13を連続地中壁工法におけるSMW14の壁面に取り付けた後、型枠15を用いて地下外壁16を作製した。本実施例では、外壁16とシート状止水板10が強固に接着した優れた止水構造が得られ、地下外壁の面防水として有効であった。
【0042】
尚、本実施例においては、図3に示す様に、遮水シート13のジョイント部17には、ジョイント用増張りテープ18を張りつけた。
【0043】
【発明の効果】
上述したように、本発明のゴム組成物は、コンクリートと接着性に優れ、コンクリート構造物の止水材原料として極めて有用である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】接着力測定装置の斜視図である。
【図2】本発明にかかる一例の止水構造の一部断面を含む斜視図である。
【図3】本発明にかかる他の例の止水構造の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 モルタルコンクリート
2 シート試料
3 補強シート
4 応力測定器
5 一次側コンクリート
6 帯状止水板
7 中間層
8 なまし鉄線
9 配筋
10 シート状止水板
11 加硫ゴムシート層
12 排水用バッキング層
13 遮水シート
14 SMW
15 型枠
16 地下外壁
17 ジョイント部
18 ジョイント用増張りテープ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rubber composition in which calcium oxide or a hydrophilic polymer is blended with synthetic rubber, natural rubber, or recycled rubber. In particular, the present invention relates to a structure in which such a rubber composition is molded into a sheet shape or a band shape and disposed on a water barrier surface or a concrete joint portion in a concrete wall in the civil engineering or construction field, and the water shielding surface or the joint surface is stopped. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
A water-stopping material mainly composed of recycled rubber disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-21246 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-26391 is used for a concrete joint portion of a concrete building or the like. Such a water-stopping material is molded by blending a recycled rubber with a filler, a softening agent, a resin and the like, but has a sticky surface on the product, and it is necessary to protect the product with a release film or the like.
[0003]
Therefore, when embedding in the primary side concrete at the site, remove the release film from the embedded part and embed it so that dust, dust, etc. adhere to the secondary side concrete placement and do not hinder the adhesion. The mold is left with the part of the release film attached, and immediately before the secondary concrete is placed, the release film is removed, the concrete is placed, and the water-stopping treatment is performed on the joint part.
[0004]
Moreover, in waterproofing underground outer walls of concrete buildings, rubber-based sheets, rubberized asphalt sheets, PVC-based sheets, EVA-based sheets, and the like are used as water shielding sheets. For the construction of such a water shielding sheet, a retrofitting method in which a waterproof sheet is attached to the outer wall surface and waterproofed after the underground outer wall is completed is mainly used. On the other hand, for the construction of the water-impervious sheet, a prior construction method is also used in which a water-impervious sheet is pasted on the basement of the underground continuous wall, and then concrete is cast to complete the underground outer wall and at the same time complete waterproofing with the water-impervious sheet. It has been broken.
[0005]
In the retrofitting method, if the waterproof sheet is adhered to the concrete base using an adhesive or the like, even if groundwater or the like invades due to a failure such as damage to the sheet, the groundwater or the like propagates through the interface between the sheet and the base. It is possible to prevent water from leaking from cracked parts. However, since the adhesive cannot be used between the concrete base and the sheet in the advance construction method, it is necessary to firmly bond the concrete and the sheet in order to prevent diffusion of intrusion water.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventional water-stopping materials mainly composed of recycled rubber adhere to concrete with curing and curing of ready-mixed concrete and exhibit water-stopping properties. Such a waterstop material has an adhesive property on the surface, and therefore requires an expensive release film and a protective layer. Moreover, when constructing such a water-stopping material, it is necessary to remove the release film in accordance with the construction procedure, which requires a great deal of labor and maintenance for protecting the adhesive surface.
[0007]
In addition, underground structures such as underground parking lots are increasing due to the continuous underground wall construction method, but the advance construction method is suitable as the waterproof construction method. The water shielding sheet used in the advance construction method needs to be firmly bonded to the underground concrete, but the commercially available water shielding sheet has no adhesiveness due to the curing and curing of the ready-mixed concrete, even if there is any intrusion water pressure. Nothing has adhesive strength to withstand.
[0008]
An object of this invention is to obtain the water stop material which is excellent in adhesiveness with concrete and does not require a release film on the surface.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a rubber composition comprising a rubber composition of 100 parts by weight of a rubber material made of solid butyl rubber and 2 to 300 parts by weight of calcium oxide, and when the ready-mixed concrete is cured, 2.5 kgf / 25 mm (converted as about 24.5 N / 25 mm, 1 kgf = 9.80665 N) (mortar was placed on the rubber composition sample sheet, and after 7 days, the 25 mm width was adhered to the sample sheet. It is based on a rubber composition that exhibits an adhesive property that is measured by pulling a slit reinforcing sheet in a horizontal direction with a stress measuring instrument, tensile speed: about 200 mm / min, measuring temperature: 25 ° C., 180 ° peeling adhesive force) or more. is there. Such rubber composition may further contain 5 to 50 parts by weight of a hydrophilic polymer.
The present invention also relates to a waterstop material comprising such a rubber composition and a waterstop structure using such a waterstop material.
[0010]
The present inventor has found that such a rubber composition exhibits excellent performance as a water shielding sheet and a joint waterproofing material in the civil engineering / architectural field, and can provide reliable waterproofing and reduction in labor, The invention has been reached.
[0011]
Conventionally, non-butyl rubbers such as synthetic rubbers and natural rubbers have not been used as concrete adhesive water-stopping materials because of their poor adhesion to concrete.
[0012]
Surprisingly, however, the present inventors have found that when a predetermined amount of calcium oxide is added to such a rubber material, the concrete adheres firmly to the concrete as it is cured and cured in contact with the ready-mixed concrete. I found it.
[0013]
In addition, the conventional water-stopping material mainly composed of butyl reclaimed rubber has adhesiveness on the surface, so an expensive release film and protective layer are provided, and it takes time and effort to protect the adhesive surface. Maintenance was required.
[0014]
However, as a result of studies by the present inventors, it has been found that when a predetermined amount of calcium oxide is blended with a butyl rubber material mainly composed of butyl rubber, the adhesion to concrete is significantly improved even in the absence of surface tackiness. It was.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Synthetic rubber, natural rubber, and recycled rubber can be used for the solid rubber material according to the present invention. Examples of the synthetic rubber include butyl rubber, styrene / butadiene rubber, ethylene / propylene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butadiene rubber, and nitrile rubber, and these may be used alone or in combination. As the natural rubber, various commercially available grades can be used. As recycled rubber, tube recycled rubber (butyl recycled rubber), tire recycled rubber, and miscellaneous recycled rubber mainly composed of butyl rubber can be used, but tube recycled rubber mainly composed of butyl rubber is suitable.
[0016]
The calcium oxide according to the present invention is an inorganic substance represented by a chemical formula (CaO), also called quick lime or calcined lime, and is surface-treated with a fatty acid, a surfactant or the like, and is suitable for rubber. Calcium oxide is blended in an amount of 2 to 300 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rubber material. Thereby, the favorable adhesiveness with respect to the concrete of rubber material accompanying the curing hardening of fresh concrete is expressed. When the blending amount is less than 2 parts by weight, the adhesiveness with concrete cannot be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, when the blending amount exceeds 300 parts by weight, physical properties as a waterproofing material are deteriorated.
[0017]
Examples of the hydrophilic polymer used in the present invention include polyethylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol and ethylene oxide resin, urethane prepolymers, butyral resins, polyvinyl alcohols, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. May be used.
[0018]
Such hydrophilic polymers are hydrophilic to the moisture of ready-mixed concrete, especially when added to butyl rubber, the initial adhesive strength with concrete is increased with the curing and curing of ready-mixed concrete, and long-term adhesion is achieved. It also has the effect of increasing power.
[0019]
When the blending amount is less than 5 parts by weight, the hydrophilic polymer has a poor hydrophilic effect. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, the adhesiveness of the concrete may be adversely affected.
[0020]
The rubber composition of the present invention may be added with a black filler such as carbon black, and a white filler such as silicic acid / silicates and carbonates that are generally used as a filler for rubber. . In the present invention, an appropriate amount of a softener or plasticizer such as vegetable oil, mineral oil, or synthetic plasticizer may be added to improve the dispersibility and processability of the compounding agent.
[0021]
In the present invention, atactic polypropylene (APP), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and butyl, butadiene or chloroprene liquid rubber, styrene or olefin heat which modify the performance of the base rubber. You may add modifiers, such as plastic rubber and petroleum asphalt.
[0022]
The rubber composition of the present invention is formed into a sheet shape or a band shape suitable for surface waterproofing or wire waterproofing of a concrete building by a molding method used in a normal rubber industry, and is used as a waterstop material.
[0023]
The rubber composition of the present invention can be molded into a strip-like water-stopping material with a rubber extruder to obtain a water-stopping structure for a concrete structure. In this case, after burying a part of the water-stopping material in the width direction in the joint portion on the primary concrete side, the remaining part of the water-stopping material in the width direction is buried in the secondary concrete to form a water-stopping structure To do.
[0024]
Such a water-stopping material exhibits excellent water-stopping properties against concrete. Further, such a water-stopping material has no surface adhesiveness, does not require a release film or a protective layer for protecting the surface, is easy to construct, and saves labor.
[0025]
Moreover, the water stop structure of a concrete structure can be obtained by molding the rubber composition of the present invention into a sheet water stop material using a rubber calender roll or a roller head molding machine. In this case, if the back of the sheet is provided with a buffer layer such as a vulcanized rubber sheet layer for reinforcement or non-woven fabric, it is attached to the ground surface of the continuous underground wall construction method soil mixing wall (SMW), and the outer wall is formed by the advance construction method. At the same time, a water stop structure bonded to concrete is formed on the SMW side of the outer wall.
[0026]
Such a water blocking material adheres firmly to the concrete outer wall, and can easily provide a waterproof layer on the concrete structure without sticking to the sheet surface.
[0027]
【Example】
Next, examples of the present invention will be described together with comparative examples.
Examples 1-8, Reference Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-6
Each component was blended with 100 parts by weight of rubber at the blending ratio shown in Tables 1 to 3, and kneaded with a rubber kneader (kneader) to obtain a rubber composition. Moreover, it rolled with the calendar | calender for rubber | gum according to the conventional method, and produced the sheet | seat sample about 2 mm in thickness, respectively.
[0028]
The performance of each sheet sample was examined by the following test method.
1: 3 mortar was placed on a sample sheet for adhesion to concrete, and the adhesive strength between the sheet and concrete was determined after 7 and 28 days. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an adhesive force measuring apparatus. As shown in FIG. 1, a sheet sample 2 was bonded onto the mortar 1, and a reinforcing sheet 3 slit to a width of 25 mm was bonded onto the sheet sample 2. The adhesive force between the sheet sample 2 and the concrete 1 was measured by pulling the reinforcing sheet 3 in the direction of arrow A with the stress measuring device 4. The tensile speed was about 200 mm / min, the measurement temperature was 25 ° C., and the 180 ° peel adhesion ( kgf / 25 mm) was determined. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.
[0029]
Finger touch tack The tackiness of the sheet sample surface was measured by finger touch. The surface of each sheet sample was touched with a fingertip to check the degree of tack. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.
[0030]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003732625
[0031]
From the measurement results shown in Table 1, the sheets formed from the butyl rubber-based rubber compositions of Examples 1 to 5 showed high adhesion after 28 days when the mortar was almost completely cured, and the fracture state was cohesive failure. , Showed excellent adhesion. Further, the surface of the sheet sample was not sticky.
[0032]
On the other hand, as shown in Table 1, the rubber compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were all based on butyl rubber, but the amount of calcium oxide is an inappropriate example. In the sheet of Comparative Example 1, the amount of calcium oxide added was as small as 1 part by weight, and sufficient adhesive strength was not obtained. In contrast, the sheet of Comparative Example 2 was a rubber composition in which the amount of calcium oxide added was 350 parts by weight, showed a collapsed state due to hardening and cracking of the sheet, had low adhesion, and was unsuitable for use as a waterproof sheet. . In the sheet of Comparative Example 3, calcium oxide was not added, and no effective adhesive strength was exhibited.
[0033]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003732625
[0034]
As shown in Table 2, a hydrophilic polymer was added to a butyl rubber base in the rubber compositions of Examples 6-8. Sheets made of these rubber compositions show high adhesive strength and excellent initial adhesive strength compared to the sheets of Examples 1 to 5 to which no hydrophilic polymer is added in the adhesive strength after 7 days. showed that.
[0035]
Further, the rubber composition of Comparative Example 4 was made to be similar to the rubber composition described in JP-B-1-26391. A sheet made of this rubber composition is soft and has high surface tackiness. Moreover, this sheet | seat was 1.1 kgf / 25mm, and was inferior compared with each Example.
[0036]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003732625
[0037]
As shown in Table 3, natural rubber and synthetic rubbers of styrene / butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber and ethylene / propylene rubber were used as rubber bases in the rubber compositions of Reference Examples 1 to 3 . Compared to the butyl rubber-based rubber composition, the adhesiveness was slightly inferior, but it showed sufficient adhesive performance as a waterproof sheet.
[0038]
On the other hand, the rubber compositions of Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 were based on synthetic rubber ethylene-propylene rubber and natural rubber, but did not contain calcium oxide. As shown in Table 3, the sheets made of these compositions had an interfacial debonding and a small adhesive force, which seemed unsuitable for use as a waterproof sheet having adhesion to concrete.
[0039]
Example 9
The rubber compositions of Examples 1 to 8 and Reference Examples 1 to 3 were molded into a strip-shaped water stop plate having a thickness of about 6 mm and a width of 200 mm, and used for the water stop structure of the concrete structure shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the water stop structure including a partial cross section. As shown in FIG. 2, when placing the primary side concrete 5, a portion 6 a in the width direction of the water stop plate 6 is buried, and after the primary side concrete 5 is hardened, the secondary side concrete is placed and stopped. The other portion 6b in the width direction of the water plate 6 was embedded to produce a water stop structure in which the concrete joint was stopped. In this example and the reference example , a water stop structure in which the water stop plate and the concrete were firmly bonded was obtained. In addition, in the process of embedding the waterstop, the construction was completed easily without the need to remove the protective film or to manage or take care to protect the surface.
[0040]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the mesh-shaped intermediate | middle layer 7 is manufactured in the state which protruded from the width direction of the water stop board 6, and the water stop board 6 with the intermediate | middle layer 7 is made into a concrete joint part in a construction site. Next, it is attached to the reinforcing bar 9 using the annealed iron wire 8 or the like, and the primary side concrete 5 is cast until the width direction part 6a of the water stop plate 6 is filled, and the secondary side concrete is cast after curing. Is effective.
[0041]
Example 10
The rubber compositions of Examples 1 to 8 were molded into a sheet-like water stop plate having a thickness of about 1.5 mm and used for the water stop structure of the concrete structure shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of this water stop structure. As shown in FIG. 3, the sheet-shaped waterstop plate 10 is laminated with a vulcanized rubber sheet 11 having a thickness of 1.5 mm, and a draining backing layer 12 having a thickness of about 5 mm is provided on the back side of the vulcanized rubber sheet 11. An outer wall impermeable sheet 13 was prepared. After this water shielding sheet 13 was attached to the wall surface of the SMW 14 in the continuous underground wall construction method, the underground outer wall 16 was produced using the mold 15. In this example, an excellent water stop structure in which the outer wall 16 and the sheet-like water stop plate 10 were firmly bonded was obtained, which was effective as a surface waterproofing of the underground outer wall.
[0042]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a joint expansion tape 18 is attached to the joint portion 17 of the water shielding sheet 13.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the rubber composition of the present invention is excellent in adhesiveness with concrete and is extremely useful as a water-stopping material for concrete structures.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an adhesive force measuring device.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view including a partial cross section of an exemplary water stop structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another example of the water stop structure according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mortar concrete 2 Sheet sample 3 Reinforcement sheet 4 Stress measuring instrument 5 Primary side concrete 6 Strip-like water stop plate 7 Intermediate layer 8 Annealed iron wire 9 Reinforcement 10 Sheet-like water stop plate 11 Vulcanized rubber sheet layer 12 Drain backing layer 13 Impermeable sheet 14 SMW
15 Formwork 16 Underground wall 17 Joint part 18 Joint expansion tape

Claims (5)

ゴム組成物であって、固型のブチル系ゴムからなるゴム材料100重量部と、酸化カルシウム2〜300重量部とのゴム配合物からなり、生コンクリートが硬化するときにコンクリートと2.5kgf/25mm(約24.5N/25mm)(ゴム組成物の試料シート上にモルタルを打設し、7日後において、試料シート上に接着させた25mm幅にスリットした補強シートを応力測定器で水平方向に引っ張ることにより測定、引張速度:約200mm/分、測定温度:25℃、180°剥離接着力)以上の接着性を示すことを特徴とする、ゴム組成物。A rubber composition comprising a rubber compound of 100 parts by weight of a rubber material made of solid butyl rubber and 2 to 300 parts by weight of calcium oxide. When the ready-mixed concrete hardens, the concrete and 2.5 kgf / 25 mm (about 24.5 N / 25 mm) (mortar was placed on the sample sheet of the rubber composition, and after 7 days, a reinforcing sheet slit to a width of 25 mm adhered on the sample sheet was horizontally aligned with a stress measuring instrument. A rubber composition characterized by exhibiting adhesiveness measured by pulling, tensile speed: about 200 mm / min, measuring temperature: 25 ° C., 180 ° peel adhesive strength) or more. 更に、親水性ポリマー5〜50重量部が配合されていることを特徴とする、請求項1記載のゴム組成物。  The rubber composition according to claim 1, further comprising 5 to 50 parts by weight of a hydrophilic polymer. コンクリート構造物を止水する止水材であって、固型のブチル系ゴムからなるゴム材料100重量部と、酸化カルシウム2〜300重量部とのゴム配合物からなり、生コンクリートが硬化するときにコンクリートと2.5kgf/25mm(約24.5N/25mm)(ゴム組成物の試料シート上にモルタルを打設し、7日後において、試料シート上に接着させた25mm幅にスリットした補強シートを応力測定器で水平方向に引っ張ることにより測定、引張速度:約200mm/分、測定温度:25℃、180°剥離接着力)以上の接着性を示すことを特徴とする、止水材 A water-stopping material for water-stopping a concrete structure, comprising 100 parts by weight of a rubber material made of solid butyl rubber and 2 to 300 parts by weight of calcium oxide, and ready-mixed concrete is cured Concrete and 2.5 kgf / 25 mm (about 24.5 N / 25 mm) (a mortar was placed on a rubber composition sample sheet, and 7 days later, a reinforcing sheet slit to a width of 25 mm adhered on the sample sheet A water-stopping material characterized by exhibiting adhesiveness measured by pulling in a horizontal direction with a stress measuring instrument, tensile speed: about 200 mm / min, measuring temperature: 25 ° C., 180 ° peeling adhesive force) or more . 遮水層とコンクリート構造物とを備えているコンクリート構造物の止水構造であって、前記遮水層が請求項3記載の止水材を含んでおり、前記止水材がシート状に成型されており、前記止水材が前記コンクリート構造物と接着していることを特徴とする、コンクリート構造物の止水構造 A water stop structure for a concrete structure including a water blocking layer and a concrete structure, wherein the water blocking layer includes the water blocking material according to claim 3, and the water blocking material is molded into a sheet shape. A water-stopping structure for a concrete structure, wherein the water-stopping material is bonded to the concrete structure . 1次側コンクリートと2次側コンクリートとを備えており、これらのコンクリートの打ち継ぎ部が止水されているコンクリート構造物の止水構造であって、請求項3記載の止水材が前記打ち継ぎ部に含まれており、前記止水材が帯状に成型されており、前記止水材の幅方向の一部分が前記1次側コンクリート中に埋設されており、前記止水材の幅方向の残りの部分が前記2次側コンクリート中に埋設されていることを特徴とする、コンクリート構造物の止水構造。 A water stop structure for a concrete structure, comprising primary side concrete and secondary side concrete, and a joint portion of the concrete being stopped, wherein the water stop material according to claim 3 is the water stop material. It is included in the joint portion, the water stop material is molded into a band shape, a part of the water stop material in the width direction is embedded in the primary side concrete, and the width direction of the water stop material is The water stop structure for a concrete structure , wherein the remaining portion is embedded in the secondary side concrete .
JP22627197A 1997-08-22 1997-08-22 Rubber composition, waterproofing material and waterproofing structure Expired - Lifetime JP3732625B2 (en)

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JP2006299205A (en) * 2005-04-25 2006-11-02 Chugoku Koatsu Concrete Kogyo Kk Water-stop material for concrete
KR101163863B1 (en) 2010-03-24 2012-07-11 김원준 Butyl rubber water proof a model
JP2016094515A (en) * 2014-11-13 2016-05-26 早川ゴム株式会社 Thermoplastic elastomer composition, water proof structure, cutoff structure and sound insulation structure

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