JP3650430B2 - Glass fiber knitting - Google Patents
Glass fiber knitting Download PDFInfo
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- JP3650430B2 JP3650430B2 JP12563795A JP12563795A JP3650430B2 JP 3650430 B2 JP3650430 B2 JP 3650430B2 JP 12563795 A JP12563795 A JP 12563795A JP 12563795 A JP12563795 A JP 12563795A JP 3650430 B2 JP3650430 B2 JP 3650430B2
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Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、ガラス繊維編物に関し、特に複雑な立体構造を有するガラス繊維強化樹脂成形体の補強基材として好適なガラス繊維編物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ガラス繊維強化樹脂成形体は近年いろんな分野での利用が進展している。これは各種成形技術の開発にともない、それにあったマトリックス樹脂の開発や、補強基材の開発によるところが大きい。
現在一般に利用されているガラス繊維の補強基材は、ストランド形態のものとしては、チョップドストランド、チョップドストランドマット、スワールマット、フィラメント形態のものとしては、ガラスペーパー、フィラメントマット等があり、糸形態のものとしては、織物、スリーブ等があげられる。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
成形体がある程度の大きさを有する立体構造の場合の成形法としては、織物やチョップドストランドマットのような補強基材を切り張りしながら樹脂を塗布含浸させるハンドレイアップ法や、成形体の形状に近い形にプリフォーム法により補強基材を予備成形し、このプリフォームを型に挿入、型内に樹脂を供給して硬化させ成形体を得るマッチドメタルダイ法やRIM法がある。
更に、特殊な形状になるが樹脂を含浸させたガラス繊維をマンドレルに巻き付け硬化成形するフィラメントワインディング法等もある。
しかし、これらの成形技術も、プリフォーム法の場合はプリフォームを製造する設備が必要になり、また、得られたプリフォームのばらつきを少なくするためにはかなりの熟練を要する。FW法の場合もガラス繊維を巻き付ける設備が必要であり、得られる成形体の形状もかなりの制約を受ける。ハンドレイアップ法の場合は当然生産性が悪いという問題を有する。
本発明の目的は、前述の状況を踏まえて、立体構造を有する成形体の成形に好適な補強基材の提供を目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は前記課題を解決するために鋭意研究の結果、ガラス繊維編物において、構成糸がガラス繊維糸とガラス繊維バルキー糸との引き揃え糸であるガラス繊維編物とすることにより課題の解決が可能であることを見出だしたものであり、更に、前記引き揃え糸のテックス番手が200〜500の範囲にあり、引き揃え糸中のガラス繊維バルキー糸のテックス番手比率が25〜75%であり、かつ、編物の質量が400〜1100g/m2 であるガラス繊維編物とすることにより課題の解決が可能であることを見出だしたものである。
編物の組織は大きく分けると緯編と経編に分けられる。緯編は更に平編、ゴム編、両面編、パール編等に分けられ、経編はハーフ編、逆ハーフ編、クインズコード編、ダブルアトラス編等に分けられる。本発明のガラス繊維編物は特に組織を限定されることはないが、組織に裏表のないものが望ましい。平編のように組織に裏表のあるものは編物の端部がまくれやすいため、成形型に合わせる場合に作業性が悪い。また、一般的に編物地は緯編の方が経編より伸縮性に富んでいるため、本発明のガラス繊維編物も経編よりは緯編の方が望ましい。緯編の場合もゴム編、リブ編等が伸縮性や製編性の点で望ましい。
【0005】
本発明のガラス繊維編物は、通常のガラス繊維糸とガラス繊維糸にバルキー加工を行ったバルキー糸との引き揃え糸を構成糸とし、引き揃え糸のtex番手が200〜500の範囲にあるものである。ガラス繊維糸は表面が平滑であるため滑りやすく、編物の構成材料としてはあまり適しているとはいえない。ガラス繊維糸だけで編物を編成すると取扱い中に部分的な目ずれが発生しやすく、成形体を形成した場合に、この部分が外観不良となったり、厚さ不同の原因になる。
ガラス繊維のバルキー加工糸は表面にループや毛羽を持つため、糸同志の滑りが抑えられる。ガラス繊維のバルキー加工糸にはシングルエフェクト糸とコアエフェクト糸があるが、本発明の場合はコアエフェクト糸の方が望ましい。これはシングルエフェクト糸の場合は、一本の糸でバルキー加工を行うため加工の程度に限界があるが、コアエフェクト糸の場合コアヤーンに別の糸を絡ませる方式のためバルキーの程度を上げることができるため、糸同志の滑り抵抗を大きくすることが可能である。
構成糸中にバルキー糸をいれることにより、糸同志が滑りにくくなり、編組織が安定化し、取扱い中の目ずれが発生しなくなる。
【0006】
本発明に使用される引き揃え糸のtex番手は200〜500の範囲のものが適当である。これは本発明の編物がFRPの補強材として使用されるためある程度のボリューム効果を有する必要があるためである。薄い編物の場合は成形体の必要厚さを得るためには何層もの積層が必要となりコスト面で編物を使用する効果がなくなる。従って引き揃え糸の番手としては200tex以上必要である。また、引き揃え糸の番手が500texより大きくなると、後で樹脂に含浸させる際に時間がかかり成形サイクルが長くなる。また、成形体をミクロに見た場合、補強材の全く無い部分の占める比率が大きくなるため機械強度の点で問題になる。
【0007】
このような引き揃え糸を用いた本発明のガラス繊維編物は、質量がおおよそ400〜1100g/m2 のものであり、伸縮性を有する補強基材である。
質量が400g/m2 より小さい場合は、引き伸ばして型に合わせたときの編物自体の厚さが薄くなるため一層だけで成形体の必要厚さを得ることが難しくなる。また、質量が1100g/m2 より大きい場合は、樹脂の含浸が悪くなること及び取扱い性も悪くなる。
本発明のガラス繊維編物は、前記したように引き揃え糸がガラス繊維糸とガラス繊維バルキー糸とから構成されており、その構成割合は番手比でガラス繊維バルキー糸が25〜75%である。バルキー糸が併用されることにより糸同志の滑りが抑えられ、取扱い時に目ずれの発生が起こりにくくなる。また、バルキー糸をまぜることにより編物にボリューム効果をもたせることができる。即ち、同じ質量の場合厚さを厚くすることができ、従って、一枚の編物で成形体に必要厚さを有する補強層を形成することが可能になる。更に、バルキー糸自体は糸を構成するフィラメント束が開繊された状態になっていることと、編物が嵩高性を有するため樹脂に対する含浸性が優れている。
【0008】
引き揃え糸中のバルキー糸の比率が25〜75%であることは、25%より小さい場合は、編物の目ずれ防止効果が小さく、また、編物に対するボリューム効果も十分に得られないし、樹脂に対する含浸性も良くない。75%より大きい場合は、製編性が不安定で、例えば編物の幅が変動する等の問題が生ずる。これは普通の糸と比較してバルキー加工糸の方が糸特性のばらつきが大きいためどうしてもその影響が編物に現れることによる。そこで、本発明では普通のガラス繊維糸とバルキー加工糸を併用することにより、その影響を少なくするようにした。
【0009】
本発明のガラス繊維編物は、通常の編機を用いて製編することができるが、編物の伸縮性の点から見ると緯編機を用いることが望ましい。緯編の場合、製編条件としては、ゲージが3〜7/インチ、度目が30〜60、望ましくは45〜55の範囲である。度目が30より小さい場合は、本発明で用いる糸番手に対しては組織がこみすぎて伸性が不十分になる。また60より大きい場合は、組織が粗くなり過ぎ、伸ばした場合に元へ戻る復元力が弱く、取り扱い性が悪くなる。
【0010】
【作用】
本発明のガラス繊維編物は、伸縮性に富むため、立体形状を有する成形体の補強材として有効であり、編物の質量が400〜1100g/m2 の範囲で、構成糸にガラス繊維糸とガラス繊維バルキー糸を併用して用いているため、編物が一定の厚さを有しており、また、樹脂の含浸も良好であるため、一層で用いても十分な機械的強度を発揮することが可能な厚さを有する補強材層を形成することができる。
更に、ガラス繊維糸とガラス繊維バルキー糸を引き揃えて使用しているため、製編性が良く、安定した編組織を有するガラス繊維編物が得られる。
【0011】
【実施例】
<実施例1>
(1)引き揃え糸……ガラス繊維糸1本とガラス繊維バルキー加工糸1本とを引き揃えて使用した。
▲1▼ガラス繊維糸 ECG 75 1/0
▲2▼バルキー糸 コアヤーン、エフェクトヤーンとして、夫々ECG 751/0 1本づつ用いバルキー加工用ジェットノズル中を通しバルキー糸を得た。バルキー糸の番手は168texであった。
(2)製編
(1)の引き揃え糸を用い緯編機によりガラス繊維編物を製編した。
【0012】
<実施例2>
(1)引き揃え糸……実施例1で用いたガラス繊維糸3本とバルキー糸1本とを引き揃えて使用した。
(2)製編
(1)の引き揃え糸を用い緯編機によりガラス繊維編物を製編した。
<実施例3>
(1)引き揃え糸……実施例1で用いたガラス繊維糸4本とバルキー糸1本とを引き揃えて使用した。
(2)製編
(1)の引き揃え糸を用い緯編機によりガラス繊維編物を製編した。
【0013】
<実施例4>
(1)引き揃え糸……実施例1で用いたガラス繊維糸4本とバルキー糸1本とを引き揃えて使用した。
(2)製編
(1)の引き揃え糸を用い緯編機によりガラス繊維編物を製編した。
<実施例5>
(1)引き揃え糸……実施例1で用いたガラス繊維糸4本とバルキー糸1本とを引き揃えて使用した。
(2)製編
(1)の引き揃え糸を用い緯編機によりガラス繊維編物を製編した。
【0014】
<実施例6>
(1)引き揃え糸……実施例1で用いたガラス繊維糸2本とバルキー糸2本とを引き揃えて使用した。
(2)製編
(1)の引き揃え糸を用い緯編機によりガラス繊維編物を製編した。
【0015】
<比較例1>
(1)引き揃え糸……実施例1で用いたガラス繊維糸6本を引き揃えて使用した(2)製編
(1)の引き揃え糸を用い緯編機によりガラス繊維編物を製編した。
<比較例2>
(1)引き揃え糸……実施例1で用いたガラス繊維糸1本とバルキー糸1本とを引き揃えて使用した。
(2)製編
(1)の引き揃え糸を用い緯編機によりガラス繊維編物を製編した。
【0016】
<比較例3>
(1)引き揃え糸……実施例1で用いたガラス繊維糸4本とバルキー糸1本とを引き揃えて使用した。
(2)製編
(1)の引き揃え糸を用い緯編機によりガラス繊維編物を製編した。
<比較例4>
(1)引き揃え糸……実施例1で用いたガラス繊維糸4本とバルキー糸1本とを引き揃えて使用した。
(2)製編
(1)の引き揃え糸を用い緯編機によりガラス繊維編物を製編した。
【0017】
実施例1〜6及び比較例1〜4で得られたガラス繊維編物の質量、厚さ、伸縮性、目ずれ発生の有無を調べた。結果を表1に示す。表1における引き揃え糸の構成で、G1はガラス繊維糸1本を示し、B1はガラス繊維バルキー糸1本を示す。また、伸縮性は、編物を手で伸ばしたときの伸し易さにより判断した。
【0018】
【表1】
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明のガラス繊維編物は、適度の伸縮性を有するため、立体形状を有するガラス繊維強化樹脂成形体の補強材として有用である。また、ガラス繊維糸とガラス繊維バルキー糸とを引き揃えて用いるためボリューム効果を有し一層で用いても強度を十分に供えた補強材層を形成することができる。更にバルキー糸を併用していることにより通常のガラス繊維糸だけで製編された編物と比較して目ずれが発生しにくい。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a glass fiber knitted fabric, and more particularly to a glass fiber knitted fabric suitable as a reinforcing base material for a glass fiber reinforced resin molded product having a complicated three-dimensional structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the use of glass fiber reinforced resin molded articles has been progressing in various fields. This is largely due to the development of various resin molding technologies and the development of matrix resins and reinforcement substrates.
Glass fiber reinforced base materials that are generally used at present are chopped strands, chopped strand mats, swirl mats, and filament form materials such as glass paper and filament mats. Examples include woven fabrics and sleeves.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As a molding method when the molded body has a three-dimensional structure having a certain size, a hand lay-up method in which a resin is applied and impregnated while cutting a reinforcing base material such as a woven fabric or chopped strand mat, or a shape of the molded body There are a matched metal die method and a RIM method in which a reinforcing base material is preformed by a preform method in a shape close to, the preform is inserted into a mold, a resin is supplied into the mold and cured to obtain a molded body.
Further, there is a filament winding method in which a glass fiber having a special shape but impregnated with resin is wound around a mandrel and cured.
However, these molding techniques also require equipment for manufacturing a preform in the case of the preform method, and require considerable skill in order to reduce variations in the obtained preform. In the case of the FW method as well, a facility for winding glass fibers is required, and the shape of the obtained molded body is considerably restricted. In the case of the hand lay-up method, there is a problem that the productivity is naturally poor.
An object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcing base material suitable for molding a molded body having a three-dimensional structure in view of the above-described situation.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have solved the problem by making the glass fiber knitted fabric a glass fiber knitted fabric in which the constituent yarns are an aligned yarn of a glass fiber yarn and a glass fiber bulky yarn. The tex count of the aligned yarn is in the range of 200 to 500, and the tex count ratio of the glass fiber bulky yarn in the aligned yarn is 25 to 75%. It has been found that the problem can be solved by using a glass fiber knitted fabric having a knitted fabric with a mass of 400 to 1100 g / m 2 .
The organization of the knitted fabric is roughly divided into a weft knitting and a warp knitting. The weft knitting is further divided into flat knitting, rubber knitting, double-sided knitting, pearl knitting and the like, and warp knitting is divided into half knitting, reverse half knitting, quins cord knitting, double atlas knitting and the like. Although the structure of the glass fiber knitted fabric of the present invention is not particularly limited, it is desirable that the structure does not have a front and back. In the case of a flat knitted fabric that has a front and back side in the structure, the end of the knitted fabric tends to be turned up, so that workability is poor when it is fitted to the mold. In general, the weft fabric is more stretchable than the warp knitting, so that the weft knitting of the glass fiber knitted fabric of the present invention is preferable to the warp knitting. In the case of weft knitting, rubber knitting, rib knitting and the like are desirable in terms of stretchability and knitting.
[0005]
The glass fiber knitted fabric of the present invention is composed of an aligned yarn of a normal glass fiber yarn and a bulky yarn obtained by subjecting the glass fiber yarn to a bulky process, and the tex count of the aligned yarn is in the range of 200 to 500. It is. Glass fiber yarns are slippery because of their smooth surface, and are not very suitable as a constituent material for knitted fabrics. When a knitted fabric is knitted with only glass fiber yarns, partial misalignment is likely to occur during handling, and when a molded body is formed, this portion becomes defective in appearance and causes a difference in thickness.
Since glass fiber bulky yarn has loops and fluff on its surface, it prevents slippage between the yarns. The glass fiber bulky yarn includes a single effect yarn and a core effect yarn. In the present invention, the core effect yarn is more desirable. In the case of single effect yarns, the degree of processing is limited because the bulky processing is performed with a single yarn, but in the case of core effect yarns, the degree of bulky is increased because another yarn is entangled with the core yarn. Therefore, it is possible to increase the slip resistance between the yarns.
By inserting a bulky yarn into the constituent yarns, the yarns are less likely to slip, the knitting structure is stabilized, and misalignment during handling does not occur.
[0006]
The tex count of the draw yarn used in the present invention is suitably in the range of 200 to 500. This is because the knitted fabric of the present invention is used as a reinforcing material for FRP, and thus needs to have a certain volume effect. In the case of a thin knitted fabric, in order to obtain the required thickness of the formed body, many layers are required, and the effect of using the knitted fabric is lost in terms of cost. Accordingly, the count of the draw yarn needs to be 200 tex or more. Also, if the yarn count of the draw yarn exceeds 500 tex, it takes time to impregnate the resin later and the molding cycle becomes longer. Further, when the molded body is viewed microscopically, the proportion occupied by a portion having no reinforcing material becomes large, which causes a problem in terms of mechanical strength.
[0007]
The glass fiber knitted fabric of the present invention using such an aligned yarn has a mass of approximately 400 to 1100 g / m 2 and is a reinforcing base material having elasticity.
When the mass is smaller than 400 g / m 2, the thickness of the knitted fabric itself when it is stretched and fitted to the mold becomes thin, so that it is difficult to obtain the required thickness of the molded body with only one layer. Moreover, when mass is larger than 1100 g / m < 2 >, impregnation of resin will worsen and handling property will also worsen.
As described above, in the glass fiber knitted fabric of the present invention, the assembling yarn is composed of the glass fiber yarn and the glass fiber bulky yarn, and the proportion of the glass fiber bulky yarn is 25 to 75% in terms of the count ratio. By using the bulky yarn together, slippage between the yarns is suppressed, and misalignment is less likely to occur during handling. Moreover, the volume effect can be given to the knitted fabric by mixing the bulky yarn. That is, when the mass is the same, the thickness can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to form a reinforcing layer having a necessary thickness on the formed body with a single knitted fabric. Further, the bulky yarn itself is excellent in impregnation with resin because the filament bundle constituting the yarn is in an open state and the knitted fabric is bulky.
[0008]
When the ratio of the bulky yarn in the draw yarn is 25 to 75%, if it is less than 25%, the effect of preventing misalignment of the knitted fabric is small, and the volume effect on the knitted fabric is not sufficiently obtained. Impregnation is not good. If it is larger than 75%, the knitting property is unstable, and there arises a problem that, for example, the width of the knitted fabric fluctuates. This just its impact for large variations in the yarn properties towards bulky yarn as compared to the normal yarn due to appear in the knit. Therefore, in the present invention, the influence is reduced by using ordinary glass fiber yarn and bulky yarn together.
[0009]
Although the glass fiber knitted fabric of the present invention can be knitted using a normal knitting machine, it is desirable to use a weft knitting machine from the viewpoint of the stretchability of the knitted fabric. In the case of weft knitting, the knitting conditions are a gauge of 3 to 7 / inch, a degree of 30 to 60, and preferably 45 to 55. When the degree is smaller than 30, the structure is excessively packed with respect to the yarn count used in the present invention, and the ductility becomes insufficient. On the other hand, when it is larger than 60, the tissue becomes too rough, and when it is stretched, the restoring force to return to the original is weak, and the handleability is deteriorated.
[0010]
[Action]
Since the glass fiber knitted fabric of the present invention is rich in stretchability, it is effective as a reinforcing material for a molded article having a three-dimensional shape. When the mass of the knitted fabric is in the range of 400 to 1100 g / m 2 , glass fiber yarn and glass are used as constituent yarns. Since the fiber bulky yarn is used in combination, the knitted fabric has a certain thickness, and the resin impregnation is also good, so that it can exhibit sufficient mechanical strength even when used in one layer. A reinforcement layer having a possible thickness can be formed.
Furthermore, since the glass fiber yarn and the glass fiber bulky yarn are used together, a glass fiber knitted fabric having good knitting property and having a stable knitting structure can be obtained.
[0011]
【Example】
<Example 1>
(1) Alignment yarn: One glass fiber yarn and one glass fiber bulky yarn were aligned and used.
(1) Glass fiber yarn ECG 75 1/0
(2) Bulky yarn As the core yarn and the effect yarn, ECG 751/0 was used one by one, and the bulky yarn was obtained through the bulky jet nozzle. The count of the bulky yarn was 168 tex.
(2) Knitting A glass fiber knitted fabric was knitted with a weft knitting machine using the aligned yarn of (1).
[0012]
<Example 2>
(1) Draw yarn: Three glass fiber yarns and one bulky yarn used in Example 1 were drawn and used.
(2) Knitting A glass fiber knitted fabric was knitted with a weft knitting machine using the aligned yarn of (1).
<Example 3>
(1) Draw yarn: Four glass fiber yarns and one bulky yarn used in Example 1 were drawn and used.
(2) Knitting A glass fiber knitted fabric was knitted with a weft knitting machine using the aligned yarn of (1).
[0013]
<Example 4>
(1) Draw yarn: Four glass fiber yarns and one bulky yarn used in Example 1 were drawn and used.
(2) Knitting A glass fiber knitted fabric was knitted with a weft knitting machine using the aligned yarn of (1).
<Example 5>
(1) Draw yarn: Four glass fiber yarns and one bulky yarn used in Example 1 were drawn and used.
(2) Knitting A glass fiber knitted fabric was knitted with a weft knitting machine using the aligned yarn of (1).
[0014]
<Example 6>
(1) Draw yarn: Two glass fiber yarns and two bulky yarns used in Example 1 were drawn and used.
(2) Knitting A glass fiber knitted fabric was knitted with a weft knitting machine using the aligned yarn of (1).
[0015]
<Comparative Example 1>
(1) Alignment yarn: 6 glass fiber yarns used in Example 1 were aligned and used (2) Knitting Glass fiber knitted fabric was knitted with a weft knitting machine using the alignment yarn of (1) .
<Comparative example 2>
(1) Alignment yarn: One glass fiber yarn and one bulky yarn used in Example 1 were aligned and used.
(2) Knitting A glass fiber knitted fabric was knitted with a weft knitting machine using the aligned yarn of (1).
[0016]
<Comparative Example 3>
(1) Draw yarn: Four glass fiber yarns and one bulky yarn used in Example 1 were drawn and used.
(2) Knitting A glass fiber knitted fabric was knitted with a weft knitting machine using the aligned yarn of (1).
<Comparative example 4>
(1) Draw yarn: Four glass fiber yarns and one bulky yarn used in Example 1 were drawn and used.
(2) Knitting A glass fiber knitted fabric was knitted with a weft knitting machine using the aligned yarn of (1).
[0017]
The mass, thickness, stretchability, and occurrence of misalignment of the glass fiber knitted fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were examined. The results are shown in Table 1. In the arrangement of the aligned yarns in Table 1, G1 represents one glass fiber yarn, and B1 represents one glass fiber bulky yarn. The stretchability was judged by the ease of stretching when the knitted fabric was stretched by hand.
[0018]
[Table 1]
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
Since the glass fiber knitted fabric of the present invention has appropriate stretchability, it is useful as a reinforcing material for a glass fiber reinforced resin molded product having a three-dimensional shape. Further, since the glass fiber yarn and the glass fiber bulky yarn are used together, a reinforcing material layer having a volume effect and having sufficient strength can be formed even when used in a single layer. Furthermore, since the bulky yarn is used in combination, misalignment is less likely to occur compared to a knitted fabric knitted with only ordinary glass fiber yarn.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP12563795A JP3650430B2 (en) | 1995-04-27 | 1995-04-27 | Glass fiber knitting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP12563795A JP3650430B2 (en) | 1995-04-27 | 1995-04-27 | Glass fiber knitting |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH08296154A JPH08296154A (en) | 1996-11-12 |
JP3650430B2 true JP3650430B2 (en) | 2005-05-18 |
Family
ID=14914963
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP12563795A Expired - Fee Related JP3650430B2 (en) | 1995-04-27 | 1995-04-27 | Glass fiber knitting |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3650430B2 (en) |
-
1995
- 1995-04-27 JP JP12563795A patent/JP3650430B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH08296154A (en) | 1996-11-12 |
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