JP3529041B2 - Fender - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fender, and more particularly to a fender that is required to have durability against shearing force for fishing ports and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a schematic shape of a conventional fender for a fishing port, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG.

Referring to these figures, the fender 61 is integrally formed of a rubber elastic body, and has an impact receiving portion 63 having an impact receiving surface 70 of a substantially flat surface, and both sides of the impact receiving portion 63. A pair of supporting portions 64a and 64b connected to each other, and a pair of mounting portions 65a connected to respective ends of the supporting portions 64a and 64b for mounting on an object to be mounted such as a quay wall, It is composed of a mounting portion 65b. The mounting portion 65a,
Each of the mounting portions 65b has a plurality of bolt holes 66 for mounting mounting bolts for mounting the fender 61 on a quay wall or the like.
Are formed.

Usually, the fender 61 is attached to a quay or the like with the longitudinal direction thereof being the vertical direction, and bears the vessel to be ported at the impact receiving portion 63.

[0005]

The conventional fender for a fishing port as described above has a thick structure in order to enhance durability against external force (shear force). Therefore, since the initial reaction force becomes large, it is necessary to perform the porting work very carefully, such as reducing the porting speed when porting the vessel.
Prompt porting is difficult.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fender which has a small initial reaction force and a small force for pushing back a ship and which enables a quick porting. To aim.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a fender integrally formed of an elastic body such as rubber, which comprises an impact receiving portion and an impact receiving portion. A pair of first impact portions connected to both sides of the impact receiving portion, a pair of attachment portions connected to respective end portions of the first impact portion for attaching to an attached body, and a center of the impact receiving portion And a second supporting portion extending in the direction of the mounted body, and a space is provided between the end of the second supporting portion and the plane formed by each mounting surface of the mounting portion. 2 When a recess is formed in the impact receiving surface of the impact receiving portion that corresponds to the part where the impact receiving portion connects, when the mounting portion is fixed and the receiving portion is pressed with a flat press surface to deform In, the dent disappears after the end of the second impact portion contacts the plane.

According to this structure, the displacement is larger than that of the fender without the second supporting portion for the same energy to be absorbed at the time of landing. Further, after the second supporting portion comes into contact with the installation surface, the recess of the receiving portion disappears and the entire surface is flattened.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the structure of the first aspect of the invention, the ratio of the width W of the impact receiving portion to the height H of the impact receiving portion is 240 to 300: 100. .

According to this structure, the ratio of the width W of the impact receiving surface to the height H is larger than that of the fender having no second supporting portion for the same energy to be absorbed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the second aspect of the invention, the ratio of the height L of the space to the height H of the impact receiving portion is 20: 100.

According to this structure, the deformed state is ensured until the second impact portion comes into contact with the flat surface.

[0013]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the displacement at the port side is large for the same absorbed energy, the reaction force against the port side ship is reduced, and damage to the ship is prevented. Possibility decreases. Therefore, since the port speed of the ship can be increased, a quick port can be realized. or,
After the second support portion comes into contact with the installation surface, the recess of the impact receiving portion disappears and is flattened, and its area increases. As a result, the stress on the ship at the impact receiving surface can be further reduced, so that damage to the ship can be further prevented.

According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the ratio of the width of the impact receiving surface to the height is increased, so that the stress on the ship at the impact receiving surface is made smaller. You can

According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 2, since the fender is stably deformed until the second impact portion comes into contact with the flat surface, the stress generated on the pressing surface is increased. Will be smaller, and faster berthing will be possible.

[0016]

1 is a perspective view showing a schematic shape of a fender for a fishing port according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. is there.

Referring to these figures, the fender 11 is integrally formed by an elastic body such as rubber or plastic such as polyurethane having elasticity, and has a substantially flat impact surface 20. Portion 13 and a pair of first impact portions 14 connected to both sides of the impact receiving portion 13 and extending obliquely rearward
a, a first impact portion 14b and a pair of first impact portions 14a, a pair of first end portions 14b connected so as to extend outward from each end, for attaching to an attached object such as a quay wall Mounting part 1
5a, the attachment portion 15b, and the second impact portion 19 connected to the central portion of the impact receiving portion 13 and extending in the direction of the attached body.

The second supporting portion 19 of the receiving surface 20 of the receiving portion 13.
A recess 17 extending along the axial direction is formed at a position corresponding to the connection portion of. Further, the tip of the second impact portion 19 and the mounting portion 15a, the mounting surface 18a of the mounting portion 15b, the mounting surface 1
A space 21 is provided between the plane formed by 8b.

As the dimensions of the fender 11 in this embodiment, the width W of the impact receiving portion 13 is 240 mm, the height H of the impact receiving portion 13 is 100 mm, and the height L of the space 21 is 20 mm. Has become. The thickness _{t 1} of the impact receiving portion 13, the thickness of the thickness _{t 2} and a second支衝portion 19 of the first支衝portion 14a t
_{All 3} are 25 mm. As described above, the W / H is 2.4 in this embodiment, but this value may be selected in the range of 2.4 to 3.0 as described later.

A plurality of bolt holes 16 for inserting the mounting bolts are formed in the mounting portions 15a and 15b, and an iron plate or the like (not shown) is provided around the bolt holes 16 in the mounting portions 15a and 15b. Embedded in.

Further, the thickness of the impact receiving portion 13 and the first impact supporting portion 14 is set to be smaller than that of the conventional fender shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a deformed state of the fender shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 during compression.

In FIG. 3A, the fender 11 is installed on the installation surface 23.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the compression rate is 0%, which is installed above and the press surface 24 has not yet descended.

FIG. 3 (2) is a view showing a state in which the fender 11 is compressed by 10%. In this state, the impact receiving portion 13 is pressed downward by the press surface 24, and accordingly, the first impact bearing portion 14a and the first impact impact portion 14b are deformed to bend outward. However, in this state, the space of size S is still held between the tip of the second support portion 19 and the installation surface 23, and the second support portion 19 is in contact with the installation surface 23. There is no state. Further, the shape of the recess 17 formed on the impact receiving surface 20 of the impact receiving portion 13 still remains, and the recess is visible.

From this state, the state where the pressing surface 24 is further lowered and compressed by 30% is shown in FIG. 3 (3). As is clear from the figure, in this state, the second
The support portion 19 receives a compressive force from the installation surface 23 and the pressing surface 24. Then, the recess 17 formed on the impact receiving surface 20 of the impact receiving portion 13 is deformed in the same plane as in the surrounding state, and the recess shape disappears. On the other hand, the first impact portion 14a and the first impact portion 14b are further deformed so as to be bent outward.

As described above, in the fender 11 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, since the thickness of the impact receiving portion 13 and the first impact supporting portion 14 is thin, the second impact supporting portion 19 is formed. Is the installation surface 23
Deformation becomes easy until it comes into contact with, and the deformation progresses with a small stress on the press surface 24. Further, when the second support portion 19 is in contact with the installation surface 23, more stable stress can be transmitted to the press surface 24 via the support portion 13 as compared with the case without the second support portion 19. Thus, in the fender of FIG. 1, the displacement is larger and the initial deformation is larger than that of the conventional fender in which the second supporting portion 19 is not formed for the same absorbed energy. At that time, the stress on the impact receiving surface 20 is reduced.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the displacement of the fender and the absorbed energy according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as compared with the conventional fender.

Referring to the figure, the horizontal axis represents the amount of displacement of the fender in the height direction, and the vertical axis represents the absorbed energy of the fender. The fender according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown by a solid line, and the fender of the conventional structure is shown by a broken line.

Here, assuming that the absorbed energy required for the porting is E, the displacement required to absorb the energy is A _{1 in the} fender according to the first embodiment, and the conventional structure is not required. If so, it becomes A ₀ . Here, A ₁ > A ₀ . That is, the displacement when absorbing the same energy is larger in the fender according to the first embodiment of the present invention than in the conventional fender.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the reaction force generated in the fender and the displacement.

Referring to the figure, the horizontal axis represents the amount of displacement of the fender in the height direction, and the vertical axis represents the reaction force applied from the fender to a port object such as a ship. Has been. The solid line is the first
Of the conventional fender.

When the displacement shown in FIG. 4, that is, the displacement of the fender according to the first embodiment is A ₁ and the displacement of the conventional fender is A ₀ , this reaction is plotted. The fender according to the first embodiment has P ₁ and the conventional fender has P ₀ . That is, P
₁ > P ₀ . This is because the reaction force applied from the fender to the fender such as a ship when absorbing the same energy is smaller in the fender according to the first embodiment than in the conventional fender. Means

As described above, in the fender according to the first embodiment, since the initial reaction force at the time of porting is small, the porting speed can be made higher than before, and as a result, the porting is achieved. It is possible to shorten the time required for.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the outer shape of the fender according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG.

Referring to these figures, the basic shape is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, but in this embodiment, the impact receiving surface 20 of the impact receiving portion 13 has a recess. Not formed, the impact receiving portion 13, the first impact bearing portion 14a,
The difference is that the mutual connecting portions of the respective parts of the first supporting portion 14b and the second supporting portion 19 are not rounded but angular as in the previous embodiment. The structure, material, and dimensional relationship of the other parts are the same as those in the previous embodiment, and therefore the description thereof will not be repeated here.

The characteristics of the fender according to the second embodiment are shown in the graphs of FIGS. 4 and 5. That is, in FIG. 4, the fender according to the second embodiment is shown by a chain line, which is located between the fender according to the first embodiment and the conventional fender. Is. Therefore, if the same absorbed energy is E, the second
The displacement A ₂ by the fender of the embodiment is A ₁ > A ₂ > A
The relationship is ₀ .

Similarly, in FIG. 5, the fender according to the second embodiment is shown by a chain line, which is also located in the middle between the fender according to the first embodiment and the conventional fender. is doing. When the displacement A ₂ obtained in FIG. 4 is plotted, the reaction force P ₂ generated by the displacement is P ₀ > P ₂ > P
The relationship is ₁ . As a result, in the fender in which the recess is not formed at the position of the impact receiving surface 20 of the impact receiving portion 13 corresponding to the portion to which the second support portion 19 is connected, the fender having the recess is formed. Although the generated reaction force is larger than that of the fender, the generated reaction force is smaller than that of the fender in which the second support portion 19 is not formed.

It is considered that when the connecting portions of the respective portions are formed to have a rounded shape, they are likely to be deformed by the same force, and as a result, the reaction force generated for the same absorbed energy can be made smaller. .

Further, in the case of the conventional fender, the ratio of the width of the impact receiving surface to the height is about 1.2 to 1.8, but the first and second embodiments are the same. In the case of the fender having the second impact portion 19 provided on the back surface of the impact receiving portion 13 like this, since the deformation is stable, this ratio can be set to 2.4 to 3.0. Therefore, it is possible to make the impact receiving surface of the same height wide, and it is possible to further reduce the reaction force per unit area.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outer appearance of a fender according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a deformed state of the fender according to the first embodiment of the present invention during compression.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the absorbed energy and the displacement of the fender.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between a generated reaction force and a displacement of the fender.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the outer shape of the fender according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an external shape of a conventional fender.

9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 ... Fender 13 ... Impactor 14 ... First support section 15 ... Mounting part 17 ... Dent 18 ... Mounting surface 19 ... Second support section 20 ... Impact surface In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Masao Takemoto               1058 Nakao, Uozumi-cho, Akashi-shi Shibata Industry               Within the corporation (72) Inventor Koji Sano               1058 Nakao, Uozumi-cho, Akashi-shi Shibata Industry               Within the corporation (72) Inventor Takayasu Hasegawa               1058 Nakao, Uozumi-cho, Akashi-shi Shibata Industry               Within the corporation                (56) References Japanese Patent Publication Sho 55-12925 (JP, B2)                 Actual public Sho 51-25273 (JP, Y2)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fender integrally formed of an elastic body such as rubber, comprising: an impact receiving portion; a pair of first impact receiving portions connected to both sides of the impact receiving portion; A pair of mounting parts connected to each end of the first supporting part for mounting on the mounted body; and a second supporting part connected to the center of the receiving part and extending in the direction of the mounted body. A space is provided between an end of the second support portion and a plane formed by the mounting surfaces of the mounting portions, and the impact receiving portion corresponds to a portion to which the second support portion connects. A recess is formed on the impact receiving surface of the portion, and when the mounting portion is fixed and the flat pressing surface is pressed against the impact receiving portion to deform the end portion, the end portion of the second impact portion is formed. A fender in which the dent disappears after contact with the flat surface. 2. The width W of the impact receiving portion and the height H of the impact receiving portion
The fender according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the fender is 240 to 300: 100. 3. The height L of the space and the height H of the impact receiving portion.
The fender according to claim 2, wherein the fender has a ratio of 20 to 100.