JP3547577B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool that performs processing such as drilling on both side surfaces of a work.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a machine tool of this type, a pair of processing devices are disposed to face each other, and a work is positioned and fixed at a predetermined processing position between the processing devices using a jig. Then, in the state where the work is positioned and arranged, processing such as drilling is performed at predetermined positions on both side surfaces of the work by the two processing devices.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in this type of conventional machine tool, various types of jigs that match the size and shape of the work are used to position the work at a predetermined processing position between the processing devices. It is necessary to prepare various kinds of jigs having different pod shapes, and there is a problem that it is necessary to exchange jigs according to the work, so-called work efficiency is poor.
[0004]
The present invention has been made by paying attention to the problems existing in such a conventional technique. Its purpose is to be able to easily carry in and out a work to a predetermined processing position between a pair of processing devices, and to support works of different sizes and shapes without preparing various types of jigs. It is to provide a machine tool capable of performing such operations.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a carry-in mechanism for carrying a work to a work preparation position in front of a work position and a work carried into the work preparation position are clamped from both left and right sides. A first positioning mechanism for positioning the workpiece at a predetermined position in the left-right direction with respect to the processing position, a second positioning mechanism for holding the workpiece from both front and rear sides and positioning the workpiece at a predetermined position in the front-rear direction with respect to the processing position, A clamping mechanism for fixing the work positioned by the positioning mechanism and the second positioning mechanism from above and below, and moving the work from the processing preparation position to the processing position in a state where the work is clamped from above and below by the clamp means; A clamping device that is positioned and arranged at a predetermined position in the front-rear direction and up-down direction with respect to the processing position; And a delivery mechanism for unloading the moved workpiece to the factory ready position from the processing ready positionThe loading / unloading mechanism (14, 76, 77) includes a loading roller conveyor (42), a support frame (49) rotatably supported by a frame via a support shaft (50), and the support frame (49). 49), a transfer roller conveyor (43) composed of a plurality of rollers (51) arranged side by side and a conveyor unit (41) composed of an unloading roller conveyor (44). The transfer roller conveyor (43) corresponding to ()) is configured such that the support frame (49) is rotated about the support shaft (50) and the roller (51) can be lowered from the position of the work transfer surface..
[0006]
Therefore, during the operation of the machine tool according to the first aspect, the work is carried into the machining preparation position in front of the machining position by the carry-in mechanism. Next, the work carried into the processing preparation position is clamped from both left and right sides by the first positioning mechanism, and is positioned at a predetermined position in the left and right direction with respect to the processing position. Further, the work is clamped from both the front and rear sides by the second positioning mechanism, clamped from above and below by a clamp device, moved from the processing preparation position to the processing position, and moved to the predetermined position in the front-back direction and the vertical direction with respect to the processing position. It is positioned and arranged. In this state, both sides of the work are processed by the pair of processing devices. Then, the workpiece that has been processed is moved from the processing position to the processing preparation position by the clamp device, and is unloaded from the processing preparation position by the unloading mechanism.In addition, the delivery roller conveyor corresponding to the processing preparation position can be retracted downward, and the work held by the clamp device can be smoothly moved from the processing preparation position to the processing position.
[0007]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to the first aspect, the first positioning mechanism is capable of moving the first and second holding members for holding the work from both left and right sides in the left-right direction. In addition to the arrangement, one of the holding members can be moved between a position corresponding to the side surface of the workpiece and an upper position thereof.
[0008]
Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, when one of the holding members is lowered, the work is carried into the work preparation position by the holding member.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to the second aspect, the left-right movement range of the holding member is set such that the processing preparation position is included in the left-right movement range of the other holding member.
[0009]
Therefore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the workpiece at the processing preparation position can be carried out by the other holding member.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to any one of the first to third aspects, the clamp device includes a base for mounting and supporting the work, and a plurality of bases for pressing an upper surface of the work. The clamp bodies are arranged to face each other, and these clamp bodies are selectively operated according to the size of the work.
[0010]
Therefore, according to the fourth aspect of the invention, it is possible to perform clamping according to the size of the work.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to the fourth aspect, the clamp body is swingably supported by a driving member for performing the clamp operation of the clamp body.
[0011]
Therefore, when the clamp body is moved closer to the base by the driving member, the position of the clamp body is adjusted according to the shape of the upper surface of the work, and the work can be clamped.
[0012]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to the fifth aspect, a corresponding arc surface is formed between the clamp body and the driving member in a concave-convex relationship, and the clamp body extends along the arc surface. Rocked.
[0013]
Therefore, according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the swing of the clamp body is smoothly performed along the arc surface, and the pressing state of the clamp body against the work becomes appropriate..
[0015]
Claim7In the invention described in claim 1, claims 1 to6In the machine tool according to any one of the above, a reading device for reading a barcode attached to the work is disposed in the vicinity of the loading mechanism, and based on the barcode data, The operation of the positioning mechanism and the clamp device is controlled.
[0016]
Therefore, the claims7In the machine tool described in (1), the operation of the first and second positioning mechanisms and the clamp device can be controlled based on the information such as the size and shape of the work recorded in the barcode, and the work is moved to the processing position. However, it can be accurately positioned and arranged at predetermined positions in the left-right direction, the front-back direction, and the up-down direction.
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, a piston rod is connected to the support frame (49), and the roller (51) is expanded and contracted by the piston rod. ) Descends from the position of the work transfer surface.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a machine tool according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
First, the schematic configuration and operation of this machine tool will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. As shown in a schematic perspective view of FIG. The processing apparatuses 11 are opposed to each other on the upper surface of the base 12 extending in the left-right direction (Y-axis direction) so as to be able to reciprocate in the same direction. In this specification, the X-axis (horizontal) direction orthogonal to the Y-axis (horizontal) direction indicating the left-right direction in FIG.
[0018]
The work loading / unloading mechanism 14 is disposed in front of the base 12 so as to be located in front of the processing device 11 (in the X-axis direction). Then, the unprocessed work 13 is guided by the rollers 46 of the carry-in roller conveyor 42 constituting the carry-in / out mechanism 14, and is carried by the worker to a first carry-in stop position P1 for temporarily stopping the work. Thereafter, the work 13 is moved rightward in the Y-axis direction, is carried into a second carry-in stop position P2 for reading the barcode 72 provided on the work 13, and is then carried into the processing preparation position P3.
[0019]
The first positioning mechanism 15 is disposed above the loading / unloading mechanism 14, and the work 13 is moved to the processing preparation position P3 by the first holding member 81 and the second holding member 88 constituting the first positioning mechanism 15. It is sandwiched from both left and right sides in the Y-axis direction, and is positioned at a predetermined position in the Y-axis direction with respect to the processing position P4 corresponding to the pair of processing devices 11. The first holding member 81 of the first positioning mechanism 15 performs an operation of carrying the work 13 from the second carry-in stop position P2 to the working preparation position P3, and the second holding member 88 places the worked work 13 in the working preparation position. It also has a function of performing an operation of unloading from P3 to the unloading position P5.
[0020]
A clamp device 16 for clamping the work 13 is mounted on the upper surface of the base 12 so as to always reciprocate in the X-axis direction (front-rear direction) so as to always correspond to the processing position P4 between the pair of processing devices 11. ing. Then, the clamp device 16 moves forward from the processing position P4 in the X-axis direction and stops at the processing preparation position P3. At this preparation position P3, the work 13 whose position is regulated in the Y-axis direction by the first positioning mechanism 15 is released. It can be received and clamped.
[0021]
The second positioning mechanism 17 is arranged at a predetermined position in front of the work loading / unloading mechanism 14 so as to face the fixed holding member 96 provided on the clamp device 16. Then, the movable holding member 98 attached to the holding cylinder 97 constituting the second positioning mechanism 17 is caused to protrude backward in the X-axis direction, and the work is placed on the fixed holding member 96 of the clamp device 16 at the processing preparation position P3. By pressing the work 13, the position of the work 13 can be regulated to a predetermined position in the X-axis direction.
[0022]
The work 13 whose position is regulated in the Y-axis direction and the X-axis direction on the base 95 of the clamp device 16 at the processing preparation position P3 is clamped by the base 95 and the first clamp body 105. In this state, the clamp device 16 is moved rearward in the X-axis direction from the processing preparation position P3, and the work 13 is stopped at the processing position P4.
[0023]
At the processing position P4, a processing operation such as punching is performed on the work 13 by the pair of processing devices 11, and when the processing is completed, the clamp device 16 is again moved forward in the X-axis direction and moves from the processing position P4 to the processing preparation position P3. Will be returned. At this processing preparation position P3, the clamped state of the processed work 13 by the clamp device 16 is released. Then, the work 13 is moved rightward in the Y-axis direction from the processing preparation position P3 by the carrying-out member 88 of the carrying-in / out mechanism 14 and carried out to the carry-out position P5.
[0024]
The above is the outline of the configuration and operation of the machine tool. Each of the configurations will be described in detail below.
(Processing device 11)
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a pair of left and right columns 21 in the processing apparatus 11 are erected on the base 12 at predetermined intervals so as to be movable in the left and right (Y-axis) directions. The spindle head 22 is mounted on each column 21 so as to be movable in the vertical (Z-axis) direction, and is configured to be rotatable by a spindle motor (not shown) mounted inside the column 21. A spindle 23 is attached to each of the tips of the spindle heads 22, and a tool 24 is detachably attached to the tips of the spindles 23.
[0025]
The Y-axis moving motor 25 is mounted on the back surface of each of the columns 21, and the rotation of the motor 25 causes the main spindle head 22 to move in the left-right (Y-axis) direction via a ball screw (not shown). The vertical movement motor 26 is mounted on the upper surface of each column 21, and the rotation of the motor 26 moves the spindle head 22 in the vertical (Z-axis) direction via a ball screw (not shown).
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 4, the tool magazine 27 is mounted above the front side surface of each of the columns 21, and a plurality of different types of tools 24 are detachably supported on the outer periphery thereof. The tool change arm 28 is disposed in front of the column 21 so as to be located between the tool magazine 27 and the spindle head 22. The tool change arm 28 selects one of a plurality of tools stored in the tool magazine 27. The tool 24 is exchanged between one of the tools and the spindle 23.
[0027]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a cover 29 is provided on the base 12 so as to cover the two processing devices 11, and an opening is provided at the center of the front surface thereof for inserting and removing the work 13 from the processing preparation position P3 to the processing position P4. A part 30 is formed. The shutter 31 is attached to the opening 30 of the cover 29 so as to be openable and closable. When the processing device 11 processes the work 13, the opening 31 is closed by the shutter 31, and cutting oil and chips are removed from the cover 29 and the shutter 31. Spattering to the outside is prevented.
[0028]
The plurality of air nozzles 32 are arranged in the cover 29 in the vicinity of the opening 30, and after finishing the processing of the work 13, high-pressure air is jetted from these air nozzles 32 toward the work 13 with the shutter 31 closed. You. Thereby, the cutting oil and chips adhered to the work 13 are scattered and removed, and the removal of the cutting oil and chips together with the work 13 when the work 13 moves from the processing position P4 to the processing preparation position P3 is suppressed. You.
(Carry-in / out mechanism 14)
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the carry-in / out mechanism 14 is disposed in front of the processing apparatus 11 so as to extend in the left-right (Y-axis) direction, and includes a carry-in roller conveyor 42 and a pair of transfer roller conveyors 43. And an unloading roller conveyor 44. The delivery roller conveyor 43 is disposed at a processing preparation position P3 at a predetermined distance W in the Y-axis direction. The carry-in roller conveyor 42 is disposed close to the left side of the transfer roller conveyor 43, and is configured by arranging a number of rollers 46 between a pair of support frames 45. The unloading roller conveyor 44 is arranged close to the right side of the transfer roller conveyor 43, and is configured by arranging a number of rollers 48 between a pair of support frames 47.
[0029]
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a pair of support frames 49 of each of the delivery roller conveyors 43 are rotatably supported by a frame (not shown) fixed to the base 12 via a support shaft 50, and have upper ends thereof. Has a plurality of rollers 51 arranged side by side. The base end of the rotation cylinder 52 of the transfer roller conveyor 43 is rotatably supported by a support member 54, and its piston rod is connected to a support frame 49. The support frame 49 is rotated about the support shaft 50 by the expansion and contraction operation of the piston rod of the rotation cylinder 52, and the roller 51 supporting the work 13 is moved to the upper position shown by the solid line in FIG. It is pivoted between the position of the surface and the lower position indicated by the chain line.
[0030]
The regulating screw 53 is screwed to the lower end of the support frame 49 so as to be adjustable. Then, when the support frame 49 is rotated counterclockwise about the support shaft 50 in FIG. 10 by the projecting operation of the piston rod of the rotation cylinder 52, the regulating screw 53 engages with a part of the support member 54. At the same time, the rotation of the support frame 49 is regulated. Due to this rotation restriction, the rollers 51 of the transfer roller conveyor 43 are positioned at the same height as the rollers 46 of the carry-in roller conveyor 42 and the rollers 48 of the carry-out roller conveyor 44, that is, the carry-in / out height of the work 13. Placed in
(First stopper mechanism 57)
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 11, the first stopper mechanism 57 is disposed near the center of the carry-in roller conveyor 42. A support arm 58 of the first stopper mechanism 57 is rotatably supported at a middle portion by a support shaft 59 from a base 12 to a support member 54 supported by a frame (not shown). At the same time, a weight 61 is attached to the other end. A restricting screw 62 for restricting the rotation of the support arm 58 is adjustably screwed to the weight 61, and is opposed to a part of the support member 54 so as to be in contact with the weight.
[0031]
With this configuration, the support arm 58 is always rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 11 by the weight of the weight 61, and the engagement piece 60 is projected upward from between the plurality of rollers 46 of the carry-in roller conveyor 42. I have. The engagement piece 60 is held in a protruding state by the contact between the regulating screw 62 and a part of the support member 54. Therefore, when the work 13 is moved rightward from the left end of the carry-in roller conveyor 42 by the operator, the work 13 is engaged with the engaging piece 60 of the first stopper mechanism 57, and the first carry-in stop is performed. It is temporarily stopped at the position P1.
[0032]
Next, when the work 13 is carried into the second carry-in stop position P2 after the work 13 has been carried into the first carry-in stop position P1, the operator moves the work 13 to the right in the first carry-in stop position P1. Is given. Then, the front lower surface of the work 13 comes into contact with the inclined portion of the engagement piece 60, and the weight of the work 13 pushes down the engagement piece 60, and the support arm 58 resists the rotational urging force due to the weight of the weight 61. Are rotated clockwise in FIG. Thereby, the work 13 is moved from the first loading stop position P1 over the engagement piece 60 to the right second loading stop position P2 on the loading roller conveyor 42.
(Second stopper mechanism 63)
The second stopper mechanism 63 is disposed near the end of the carry-in roller conveyor 42. A support arm 64 of the second stopper mechanism 63 is rotatably supported by a support member 54 supported by a frame (not shown) from the base 12 at a middle portion by a support shaft 65, and an engagement piece 66 protrudes from one end thereof. At the same time, a regulating piece 67 is attached to the other end so as to be able to engage with a part of the support member 54.
[0033]
The retractable cylinder 68 of the engagement piece 66 is rotatably supported by the support member 54, and its piston rod is connected to the support arm 64. When the piston rod of the retractable cylinder 68 is protruded, the support arm 64 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 11 so that the engaging piece 66 is moved upward from between the rollers 46 of the carry-in roller conveyor 42. Protruded. The engagement piece 66 is held in a protruding state by the contact between the restriction piece 67 and a part of the support member 54. Therefore, the work 13 moved from the first loading stop position P1 along the loading roller conveyor 42 engages with the engagement piece 66 of the second stopper mechanism 63, and moves to the second loading stop position P2. It will be stopped again.
[0034]
When the retractable cylinder 68 is retracted after the work 13 is stopped, the support arm 64 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 11, and the engaging piece 66 is moved from between the rollers 46 of the carry-in roller conveyor 42. I am immersed below. As a result, the work 13 can be carried out from the carry-in roller conveyor 42 to the delivery roller conveyor 43.
(Reading device 71)
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the barcode reader 71 is disposed on the base 12 corresponding to the carry-in roller conveyor 42. On the other hand, the barcode 72 is attached to the front side of each work 13, and various information such as the size and shape of the work 13 is recorded on the barcode 72. When the work 13 is stopped at the second loading stop position P2 by the second stopper mechanism 63, the information recorded on the barcode 72 is read by the reading device 71 by the operator. Further, based on the read information, the regulating position of the unloading member 88 as a second holding member described later and the fixed holding member 96 in the clamp device 16 are adjusted.
(The carry-in mechanism 76 and the carry-out mechanism 77 which also serve as the first positioning mechanism 15)
As shown in FIG. 3, the carry-in mechanism 76 of the carry-in / out mechanism 14 is disposed above the carry-in roller conveyor 42 so as to correspond thereto. The unloading mechanism 77 is disposed above the unloading roller conveyor 44 and the delivery roller conveyor 43 so as to correspond thereto. The first positioning mechanism 15 is also used by the loading mechanism 76 and the unloading mechanism 77.
[0035]
The moving body 78 of the carrying-in mechanism 76 is provided so as to be movable along the rail 79 in the direction in which the carrying-in roller conveyor 42 extends, and is moved by a moving motor 80 via a ball screw (not shown). The loading member 81 is supported on the lower surface of the moving body 78 via a pair of guide rods 82 so as to be able to move up and down, and also serves as one (first) holding member of the first positioning mechanism 15.
[0036]
The lifting cylinder 83 is disposed on the moving body 78, and its piston rod is connected to the carry-in member 81. Then, by the lifting / lowering operation of the lifting / lowering cylinder 83, the carry-in member 81 is moved and arranged corresponding to the side surface of the work 13 to a lower position where it can come into contact with the work 13 and an upper position where it does not come into contact with the work 13. . The photoelectric sensor 84 is disposed close to the carry-in roller conveyor 42, and when the work 13 is present on the carry-in roller conveyor 42 below the carry-in member 81, the photoelectric sensor 84 detects the work 13 and projects the piston rod of the elevating cylinder 83. Operation is prohibited. This prevents the work 13 being moved from being pinched between the carry-in roller conveyor 42 and the carry-in member 81.
[0037]
When the work 13 is moved by the worker along the carry-in roller conveyor 42, the moving body 78 of the carry-in mechanism 76 is moved to the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 3, and the carry-in member 81 is placed at the upper position. Have been. Thereafter, at the second carry-in stop position P2, the work 13 is stopped at the second carry-in stop position P2 by the second stopper mechanism 63 as shown by a chain line in FIGS. 2 and 11, and when the barcode 72 is read at that position. The carry-in member 81 is moved to the lower position, and the upper surface of the engagement piece 66 moves below the upper surface of the roller 46 by the clockwise rotation of the second stopper mechanism 63. Then, the carry-in member 81 is moved to the position shown in FIG. It is lowered from the upper position and moved to the side surface position of the work 13, and the moving body 78 is moved rightward. Therefore, the carry-in member 81 comes into contact with the left side surface of the work 13, and the work 13 is carried by the carry-in member 81 from the second carry-in stop position P2 to the processing preparation position P3.
[0038]
The unloading member 88 of the unloading mechanism 77 is disposed so as to be movable along the rail 86 in the extension (left and right) direction of the unloading roller conveyor 44 and the transfer roller conveyor 43, and is moved by a moving motor 87 via a ball screw (not shown). To move in the Y-axis direction. The unloading member 88 also serves as the other (second) holding member of the first positioning mechanism 15.
[0039]
Then, in a state where the work 13 is carried into the processing preparation position P3 by the carry-in member 81 also serving as the first holding member, as shown in FIG. 9, the size of the work 13 based on the read information of the barcode reading device 71 is changed. The work 13 is sandwiched from both left and right sides between the carry-in member 81 also serving as the first sandwiching member and the carry-out member 88 also serving as the second sandwiching member so as to be arranged at a predetermined regulating position corresponding to the both. The workpiece 13 is positioned such that the center position in the left-right (Y-axis) direction of the work 13 coincides with the center line L (see FIG. 6) of the processing position P4 between the two.
[0040]
Further, while the workpiece 13 is being processed by the processing device 11, the unloading member 88 of the unloading mechanism 77 is moved to the left of the processing preparation position P3 as shown by a chain line in FIG. It is arranged at a predetermined regulation position according to the size of the work 13 based on the information read by the device 71. Then, after the processed workpiece 13 is moved from the processing position P4 to the processing preparation position P3 and is supported on the transfer roller conveyor 43, the unloading member 88 moves rightward from the position indicated by the chain line in FIG. Is done. As a result, the unloading member 88 contacts the left edge of the processed work 13, and the work 13 is moved from the processing preparation position P3 on the delivery roller conveyor 43 to the unloading position P5 on the unloading roller conveyor 44. You. Thereafter, the work 13 is carried out from the carry-out position P5 to the right side along the carry-out roller conveyor 44 by the worker.
Therefore, the left / right movement range of the carry-out member 88 includes the processing preparation position P3.
(Clamping device 16 and second positioning mechanism 17)
As shown in FIG. 4, a moving table 91 of the clamp device 16 is supported on a base 12 via a rail 92 so as to be movable in the front-back (X-axis) direction. Then, the entire clamping device 16 is moved and arranged to a machining position P4 rearward in the X-axis direction (rightward in FIG. 4) or a machining preparation position P3 in front of the clamp device 16 by a movement motor 93 via a ball screw (not shown). When the moving table 91 is moved to the processing preparation position P3, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 9, the moving table 91 is inserted and arranged between the pair of transfer roller conveyors 43. The base 95 is provided on the upper surface of the moving table 91 so as to extend in the front-back (X-axis) direction. In a state where the base 95 is located at the processing preparation position P3, when the rollers 51 of the pair of delivery roller conveyors 43 are moved from the upper position shown by the solid line to the lower position shown by the chain line in FIG. Is transferred from the roller 51 to the base 95 and placed thereon.
[0041]
The work fixing holding body 96 is protruded from the upper surface of the rear end of the base 95 so as to correspond to the rear end in the X-axis direction of the work 13 at the processing preparation position P3.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the holding cylinder 97 is disposed at a predetermined position in the X-axis direction ahead of the processing preparation position P3 so as to correspond to the fixed holding body 96, and its movable rod 98 is attached to its piston rod. Is attached. Then, after the work 13 is delivered to the base 95 at the processing preparation position P3, the work 13 is moved rearward in the X-axis direction to move the work 13 to the fixed hold body 96 and the movable hold body 96. The work 13 is sandwiched from both front and rear sides in the X-axis direction, and the work 13 is positioned in the front-rear direction. When the movable holding member 98 is protruded in the X-axis direction, the work 13 is guided between the carry-in member 81 and the carry-out member 88. At this time, the holding force of the two members 81 and 88 is set to an extent that allows the guide. Can be weakened. In this embodiment, the second positioning mechanism 17 is constituted by the fixed holding body 96 and the holding cylinder 97.
[0042]
As shown in FIG. 7, the support arm 101 is erected at the rear end of the moving table 91 and extends forward along the base 95 in the X-axis direction. A first drive shaft 102 as a drive member is supported near a base end of the support arm 101 via a connecting plate 103 and a pair of guide rods 104 so as to be vertically movable.
[0043]
FIG. 8 shows a cross section of the support arm 101. The first clamp body 105 is swingably supported by the lower end of the first drive shaft 102 via a suspension member 106. A long hole 108 is formed at the center of the suspension member 106 to be engaged with the pin 107 of the first drive shaft 102, and an arc-shaped concave surface 109 of the first drive shaft 102 is formed at the upper end of the suspension member 106. An arcuate convex surface 110 that can be engaged is formed. Therefore, the arc-shaped concave surface 109 and the arc-shaped convex surface 110 correspond to each other in an engagement relationship of the unevenness.
[0044]
The first clamping cylinder 112 is provided on the upper surface of the support arm 101, and its piston rod is connected to the upper end of the first drive shaft 102.
When the first clamping cylinder 112 is protruded, the first clamp body 105 is lowered from the upper position via the first drive shaft 102 and the suspension member 106, and the engagement between the pin 107 and the elongated hole 108 is established. It is joined to the upper surface of the work 13 on the base 95 while freely swinging is allowed in some cases. After that, the arcuate concave surface 109 of the first drive shaft 102 engages with the arcuate convex surface 110 of the suspension member 106, and the first clamp body 105 is pressed against the upper surface of the work 13. Thus, the work 13 is clamped between the base 95 and the first clamp body 105 from both the upper and lower sides.
[0045]
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the second drive shaft 113 is supported by the tip of the support arm 101 so as to be vertically movable. The second clamp body 114 is attached to the lower end of the second drive shaft 113, and a recess 115 for allowing the movable holding body 98 to pass therethrough is formed in the center of the lower surface. The second clamping cylinder 116 is disposed on the upper surface of the support arm 101, and its piston rod is connected to the upper end of the second drive shaft 113.
[0046]
When the length of the workpiece 13 read by the reading device 71 in the front-rear direction is equal to or greater than a predetermined value longer than the first clamp body 105, the second clamping cylinder 116 is connected to the first clamping cylinder 112. At the same time, the projection operation is performed, and the second clamp body 114 is lowered together with the first clamp body 105. For this reason, the work 13 is clamped between the base 95 and the two clamp bodies 105 and 114 from both upper and lower sides.
[0047]
In this embodiment, the base 95, the support arm 101, the first and second clamp bodies 105 and 114, the first and second clamping cylinders 112 and 116, and the like constitute clamping means.
[0048]
As shown in FIG. 7, a pair of workpiece seating confirmation sensors 117 and 118 are disposed on the front surface of the fixed holding member 96 and the upper surface of the rear end of the base 95. When the work 13 is held between the fixed holding body 96 and the movable holding body 98 and is clamped between the base 95 and the clamp bodies 105 and 114, the two work seating confirmation sensors 117 and 118 provide A clamp confirmation detection signal is output. The confirmation sensors 117 and 118 include a nozzle (not shown) penetrating through the fixed holding member 96 and the base 95 for ejecting compressed air toward the work 13 and a detector (not shown) for detecting the back pressure of the compressed air. (Not shown).
[0049]
Further, based on the detection signals from the confirmation sensors 117 and 118, the holding cylinder 97 is moved backward, so that the fixed holding body 96 and the movable holding body 98 hold the work 13 from both front and rear sides in the X-axis direction. To be released. Thereafter, the moving table 91 is moved backward by the moving motor 93, and the work 13 clamped between the base 95 and the clamp bodies 105 and 114 is moved from the processing preparation position P3 to the processing position P4. It moves with 91.
[0050]
Then, at this processing position P4, the moving table 91 is moved in the front-rear (X-axis) direction so as to correspond to the processing position P4, and the main spindle heads 22 of both processing apparatuses 11 are moved in the left-right (Y-axis) direction and up and down. The work 13 is moved in the (Z-axis) direction, and the rotation of the tool 24 on the main shaft 23 causes the both sides of the work 13 to be pierced from the Y-axis direction at a predetermined position.
[0051]
Next, a series of operations of the machine tool configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.
When the machine tool is stopped, the carry-in mechanism 76 of the carry-in / out mechanism 14 is moved and arranged as shown in FIG. 12A (see a chain line in FIG. 6), and the carry-in member 81 of the first positioning mechanism 15 is moved upward. Position (see FIG. 4). Further, the unloading mechanism 77 of the loading and unloading mechanism 14 is moved and arranged at the retreat position on the right side (see the solid line in FIG. 6), and the unloading member 88 of the first positioning mechanism 15 is disposed on the right side of the processing preparation position P3. I have. Further, as shown in FIG. 13A, the clamp device 16 is stopped at the processing position P4.
[0052]
In this state, when the operator moves the work 13 rightward from the left end of the carry-in roller conveyor 42 shown by a solid line in FIG. 12 (a), it is temporarily stopped at the first carry-in stop position P1 as indicated by a chain line in FIG. Thereafter, when a rightward moving force is applied to the work 13 at the first loading stop position P1 by the operator, the work 13 is pushed down by the engagement piece 60 and moved to the right, as shown in FIG. As described above, the second stopper mechanism 63 enters between the engagement piece 66 and the second stopper mechanism 63 and stops at the second carry-in stop position P2.
[0053]
While the work 13 is stopped, the reading device 71 reads various information such as the size and shape of the work 13 recorded on the bar code 72 attached to the side surface of the work 13 by the operator.
[0054]
Next, when a start switch (not shown) is turned on, the engaging piece 66 of the second stopper mechanism 63 is retracted downward, and the unloading member 88 of the unloading mechanism 77 is moved to the left from the retracted position. Reference numeral 88 denotes a predetermined regulating position corresponding to the size of the work 13 based on the information read by the reading device 71, that is, an operating position indicated by a chain line in FIG. At this time, the clamp device 16 is simultaneously moved forward from the processing position P4 shown in FIG. 13A to the processing preparation position P3 shown in FIG. 13B.
[0055]
Next, the engagement piece 66 is lowered by the rotation of the second stopper mechanism 63, and the carry-in member 81 of the carry-in mechanism 76 is moved from the retracted position shown by the solid line in FIG. 12A to the lowered position shown by the chain line in FIG. And the entire loading mechanism 76 is moved rightward, and the loading member 81 transports the work 13 from the second loading stop position P2 to the processing preparation position P3 as shown in FIG. The work 13 is carried into the transfer roller conveyor 43 from the transfer roller conveyor 42. Accordingly, the work 13 is sandwiched between the carry-in member 81 and the carry-out member 88 from the left and right sides at the working preparation position P3, and is positioned at a predetermined position in the left-right direction with respect to the working position P4. The center coincides with the center line L of the processing position P4.
[0056]
Next, the transfer roller conveyor 43 is lowered from the upper position illustrated in FIG. 12C to the lower position illustrated in FIG. 12D, and the work 13 is transferred from the roller 51 to the base 95. Then, the pressure of the drive cylinder of the carry-in member 81 and the carry-out member 88 is relaxed, and the carry-in member 81 and the carry-out member 88 serve as a work guide so that the movable holding body 98 is moved by the holding cylinder 97 as shown in FIG. The workpiece 13 is moved rearward (right), and is held between the fixed holding body 96 and the movable holding body 98 from both front and rear sides, and is positioned at a predetermined position in the front and rear direction.
[0057]
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 13D, the first clamp body 105 is lowered by the first clamping cylinder 112, and the work 13 is clamped between the base 95 and the first clamp body 105 from both upper and lower sides. At this time, when the length in the front-rear direction of the work 13 read by the reading device 71 is equal to or larger than a predetermined value longer than the first clamp body 105, the second clamp body 114 is simultaneously moved by the second clamping cylinder 116. The workpiece 13 is lowered and clamped between the base 95 and the clamp bodies 105 and 114. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 13E, the movable holding member 98 returns to the front (left) original position, and the clamp device 16 is moved from the processing preparation position P3 to the processing position P4.
[0058]
Then, the shutter 31 of the opening 30 of the cover 29 is closed. In this state, at the processing position P4, the clamping device 16 is moved in the front-rear direction according to the processing program of the work 13, and the spindle heads 22 of both the processing devices 11 are moved in the left-right direction and the up-down direction. By the rotation of 24, a predetermined drilling process is performed on both side surfaces of the work 13.
[0059]
On the other hand, during the processing of the work 13, the unloading member 88 of the unloading mechanism 77 is moved to the left side of the processing preparation position P3 shown in FIG. When the processing of the work 13 is completed, the shutter 31 is opened after blowing by the air from the air nozzle 32. Next, after the clamp device 16 is moved from the processing position P4 to the processing preparation position P3 as shown in FIG. 13 (f), the clamp of the work 13 by the clamp bodies 105 and 114 is released. In this state, as shown in FIG. 12E, the work 13 is transferred from the base 95 onto the transfer roller conveyor 43 by being raised to a position above the transfer roller conveyor 43.
[0060]
After that, the unloading member 88 of the unloading mechanism 77 is moved rightward as shown by a chain line in FIG. 12E, and the work 13 is moved from the processing preparation position P3 on the transfer roller conveyor 43 to the unloading roller conveyor 44. Is moved to the unloading position P5. Thereafter, the work 13 is carried out from the carry-out position P5 to the right side along the carry-out roller conveyor 44 by the worker.
[0061]
The effects that can be expected from the above embodiment will be described below.
In the machine tool of this embodiment, the work 13 is carried in by the carry-in mechanism 76 to the work preparation position P3 in front of the work position P4. Next, the work carried into the processing preparation position P3 is sandwiched from both left and right sides by the first positioning mechanism 15, and is positioned at a predetermined position in the left and right direction with respect to the processing position P4. , It is pinched from both front and rear sides. Then, the workpiece is clamped from both upper and lower sides by the clamp device 16 together with the work, moved from the processing preparation position P3 to the processing position P4, and positioned and arranged at predetermined positions in the front-rear direction and the vertical direction with respect to the processing position P4. In this state, processing is performed on both side surfaces of the work 13 by the pair of processing devices 11. Then, the work 13 that has finished processing is carried out of the work preparation position P3 by the carry-out mechanism 77.
[0062]
In this manner, the positioning, loading, and unloading of the work are efficiently performed by a series of operations. In addition, the first and second positioning mechanisms 15 and 17 can freely deal with the size of the work 13 by operating the carry-in member 81, the carry-out member 88, and the holding cylinder 97. For this reason, it is not necessary to facilitate various kinds of jigs or to change setups.
The first positioning mechanism 15 arranges a carry-in member 81 and a carry-out member 88 for holding the work 13 from both left and right sides thereof so as to be movable in the left-right direction, and moves the carry-in member 81 to a position corresponding to the side surface of the work 13. And the upper position thereof.
[0063]
Then, with the carry-in member 81 lowered, the work 13 is carried by the carry-in member 81. In other words, since a part of the first positioning mechanism 15 has a function of loading the work 13, a dedicated loading mechanism is not required, and the configuration is simplified.
[0064]
The horizontal movement range of the carry-out member 88 is set so that the processing preparation position P3 is included in the horizontal movement range of the carry-out member 88. Therefore, the work 13 at the processing preparation position P3 can be unloaded by the unloading member 88, and a dedicated unloading mechanism is not required as described above, and the configuration is simplified.
[0065]
The clamp device 16 is provided with a plurality of clamp bodies 105 and 114 for pressing the upper surface of the work 13, and the clamp bodies 105 and 114 are selectively operated according to the size of the work 13. I made it. Therefore, clamping according to the size of the work 13 can be performed. Even if the size of the work 13 is various, it can be reliably clamped and contribute to high precision machining.
[0066]
The clamp body 105 was swingably supported with respect to the first drive shaft 102 for causing the clamp body 105 to perform a clamp operation. Accordingly, the position of the clamp body 105 is adjusted in accordance with the shape of the upper surface of the work 13, and the contact area between the clamp body 105 and the work 13 can be secured to obtain a strong clamping state, which can contribute to high precision machining.
[0067]
The corresponding arc surfaces 109 and 110 are formed between the clamp body 105 and the first drive shaft 102 in an uneven relationship, and the clamp body 105 swings along the arc surfaces 109 and 110. Therefore, the swing of the clamp body 105 is smoothly performed along the arcuate surfaces 109 and 110, and the contact area between the clamp body 105 and the work 13 can be secured more reliably, and a strong clamping state can be obtained. Can be.
[0068]
Since the delivery roller conveyor 43 corresponding to the processing preparation position P3 can be lowered from the position of the work transfer surface, the delivery roller conveyor 43 can be retracted downward. Accordingly, when the work 13 is delivered from the delivery roller conveyor 43 to the clamp device 16, the delivery roller conveyor 43 is pressed against the work 13 by the pressing force of the clamp bodies 105 and 114, and the work 13 and the delivery roller conveyor 43 are pressed. Can be prevented from being damaged. Further, the movement of the work 13 gripped by the clamp device 16 from the processing preparation position P3 to the processing position P4 or the movement in the opposite direction can be performed smoothly.
[0069]
The operations of the first and second positioning mechanisms 15 and 17 and the clamp device 16 are controlled based on the size and shape of the work 13 in the bar code data. It can be accurately positioned and arranged at predetermined positions in the front-rear direction and the vertical direction. Therefore, accurate processing can be performed on the work 13.
[0070]
The present invention can be embodied with the following modifications.
-The conveyor unit 41 of the loading / unloading mechanism 14 is changed to a conveyor provided with a driving mechanism such as a belt conveyor.
[0071]
-The holding member of the first positioning mechanism 15 is separately provided without also serving as the carrying-in member 81 and the carrying-out member 88 of the carrying-in / out mechanism 14.
-Three or more clamp bodies 105 and 114 of the clamp device 16 are arranged in parallel.
[0072]
-The operations of the first and second positioning mechanisms 15, 17 and the clamp device 16 are performed by program control.
[0073]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is configured as described above, and has the following effects.
Claim 1And claim 8According to the invention, the positioning, loading and unloading of the work can be efficiently performed by a series of operations, and there is no need to prepare various kinds of jigs or change the setup.Further, when transferring the work to the clamp device, it is possible to prevent the work and the conveyor unit from being damaged.
[0074]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since a part of the first positioning mechanism has a work loading function, a dedicated loading mechanism is not required, and the configuration is simplified.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the work at the processing preparation position can be unloaded by a part of the first positioning mechanism, and a dedicated unloading mechanism is not required as described above, and the configuration is simplified.
[0075]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, even if the size of the work is various, it is possible to reliably clamp and contribute to high precision machining.
According to the invention of claim 5, it is possible to secure a contact area between the clamp body and the work and obtain a strong clamping state, which can contribute to high precision machining.
[0076]
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the contact area between the clamp body and the work can be more reliably performed, and a strong clamping state can be obtained..
[0077]
Claim7According to the invention, the work can be accurately positioned and arranged with respect to the processing position based on the barcode data.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part showing an embodiment of a machine tool according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the machine tool according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the machine tool.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the same machine tool.
FIG. 5 is a side view of the same machine tool.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view showing a main part of the carry-in / out mechanism and the first positioning mechanism;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view of a main part of the clamp device.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial sectional view showing a support structure of a clamp body of the clamp device.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial front view of a conveyor unit of the carry-in / out mechanism.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged front view of a main part showing a lifting mechanism of the conveyor unit.
FIG. 11 is an essential part front view showing a work stop mechanism in the loading / unloading mechanism.
12 (a) to 12 (e) are front views for explaining a loading / unloading operation.
13 (a) to 13 (f) are side views for explaining a loading / unloading operation.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Processing apparatus, 12 ... Base, 13 ... Work, 14 ... Carry-in / out mechanism, 15 ... 1st positioning mechanism, 16 ... Clamping apparatus, 17 ... 2nd positioning mechanism, 24 ... Tool, 41 ... Conveyor unit, 42 ... Conveying roller conveyor, 43 ... Delivering roller conveyor, 44 ... Conveying roller conveyor, 52 ... Rotating cylinder, 71 ... Reading device, 72 ... Barcode, 76 ... Carrying mechanism, 77 ... Carrying mechanism, 81 ... Carrying member , 88: carry-out member, 95: base, 96: fixed holding body, 97: holding cylinder, 98: movable holding body, 102: first drive shaft as a driving member, 105: first clamp body, 106: suspension Member, 112: first clamp cylinder, 113: second drive shaft, 114: second clamp body, 116: second clamp cylinder, P3: machining preparation position, P4: machining position .

Claims (8)

A pair of processing devices (11) are arranged to face each other, the work (13) is disposed at a processing position (P4) between the two processing devices (11), and the processing device performs processing on both side surfaces of the work. Machine tool
A loading mechanism (14, 76) for loading the work (13) into the processing preparation position (P3) in front of the processing position (P4);
A first positioning mechanism (15) for holding the work carried into the processing preparation position (P3) from both left and right sides and positioning the work at a predetermined position in the left and right direction with respect to the processing position (P4), and holding the work from both front and rear sides. A second positioning mechanism (17) for positioning at a predetermined position in the front-rear direction with respect to the processing position (P4);
Clamp means (95, 105, 112) for vertically fixing the work positioned by the first positioning mechanism (15) and the second positioning mechanism (17), and the clamp means (95, 105, 112) With the workpiece clamped from above and below, the workpiece is moved from the processing preparation position (P3) to the processing position (P4), and is positioned and arranged at predetermined positions in the front-rear direction and the vertical direction with respect to the processing position (P4). (16),
And an unloading mechanism (14, 77) for unloading the workpiece moved from the processing position (P4) from the processing position (P3) to the processing preparation position (P3) by the clamping device (16) at the processing preparation position (P3). ,
The loading / unloading mechanism (14, 76, 77) includes a loading roller conveyor (42), a support frame (49) rotatably supported by a frame via a support shaft (50), and the support frame (49). ), A transfer roller conveyor (43) composed of a plurality of rollers (51) arranged side by side, and a conveyor unit (41) composed of an unloading roller conveyor (44), and a processing preparation position (P3). A transfer roller conveyor (43) corresponding to the above (1), wherein the support frame (49) is rotated about the support shaft (50) so that the roller (51) can be lowered from the position of the work transfer surface . The first positioning mechanism (15) is provided with first and second holding members (81, 88) for holding the work from both left and right sides thereof so as to be movable in the left-right direction, and one holding member (81). 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the position of the workpiece is movable between a position corresponding to a side surface of the work and a position above the work. Means (71, 72, 86, 87) for setting the left-right movement range of the holding member (88) is provided so that the processing preparation position (P3) is included in the left-right movement range of the other holding member (88). The machine tool according to claim 2. The clamp device (16) has a base (95) for placing and supporting a work, and a plurality of clamp bodies (105, 114) for pressing an upper surface of the work, facing each other, The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the clamp body (105, 114) is selectively operated in accordance with the size of the work. The machine tool according to claim 4, wherein the clamp body (105) is swingably supported with respect to a driving member (102, 106, 112) for causing the clamp body (105) to perform a clamping operation. Corresponding arc surfaces (109, 110) are formed between the clamp body (105) and the driving members (102, 106, 112) in an uneven relationship, and the clamp body is swung along the arc surface. The machine tool according to claim 5. A reading device (71) for reading a bar code (72) attached to the work is provided near the loading mechanism (76), and based on the bar code data, a reading device (71) is provided. The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the operations of the positioning mechanism (15, 17) and the clamp device (16) are controlled . 8. The support frame (49), wherein a piston rod is connected to the support frame, and the roller (51) is configured to be lowered from a position on a work transfer surface by an expansion and contraction operation of the piston rod. 9. Machine tools.

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