JP3174876B2 - Superconducting bearing device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a superconducting bearing device using a superconductor that allows magnetic flux penetration.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
The thing as shown in 3-243523 is known.

This superconducting bearing uses a first-class superconductor, that is, a superconductor that completely blocks the intrusion of magnetic flux, and utilizes the complete diamagnetic phenomenon of the superconductor. In this superconducting bearing, both ends of a rotating shaft made of a superconductor are respectively inserted into recesses of a pair of support members made of a magnetic material having a magnetic pole, and the rotating shaft is supported in a non-contact manner in an axial direction. It is configured.

[0004]

In this conventional superconducting bearing, as described above, non-contact support is performed utilizing the property of complete diamagnetism, so that the direction orthogonal to the direction of repulsion is unstable. Therefore, it is necessary to process the support member that supports both ends of the rotary shaft into a shape that wraps both ends of the rotary shaft, and to define a portion that opposes both ends of the rotary shaft and the support member in the axial direction and the radial direction. It had to be magnetized, and the production and design were troublesome.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a superconducting bearing device which can stably support and rotate a rotating shaft with a superconducting bearing having a simple structure.

[0006]

A first superconducting bearing device according to the present invention comprises a casing, a rotating shaft vertically arranged inside the casing, and a rotating shaft disposed between the casing and the rotating shaft. And a pair of superconducting bearings disposed on both axial sides of the motor so as to sandwich the motor and non-contactly supporting the rotating shaft. The bearing comprises a disk-shaped permanent magnet attached to the rotating shaft, and a superconductor attached to the casing so as to face the casing in the axial direction. The superconductor is attached to the rotating shaft so that the magnetic flux distribution around the superconductor does not change due to the rotation, and the normal conducting particles
The permanent magnets are mixed together and allow the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet to enter, and are separated positions where the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet enters by a predetermined amount and enter by the rotation of the rotating shaft. It is attached to the above casing so that the distribution of magnetic flux does not change.
When the conductor is cooled and becomes superconducting,
The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet that has entered the
It is characterized in that that. The second aspect of the present invention
The superconducting bearing device includes a casing and the casing
A rotating shaft arranged vertically on the side, the casing and the
A motor provided between the rotating shafts for driving the rotating shaft to rotate;
And the motors are arranged on both sides in the axial direction so as to sandwich the motor.
And two sets of superconducting bearings that support the rotating shaft in a non-contact manner.
Each of the above superconducting bearings is attached to the above rotating shaft
Cylindrical permanent magnet and the
Consisting of a superconductor attached to the above casing,
The magnetic flux is distributed around the rotation axis of the rotation shaft.
Is attached to the rotation shaft so that
The superconductor has normal conducting particles inside.
The magnets of the permanent magnet
It is designed to allow bundle intrusion and
At the separated position where the magnetic flux of
Where the distribution of invading magnetic flux does not change due to the rotation of the rotating shaft.
It is attached to the above casing so that it comes
When the conductor is cooled and becomes superconducting,
The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet that has entered the
It is characterized by that .

[0007]

[Function] The separated position where the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet enters a predetermined amount.
And the distribution of the invading magnetic flux changes due to the rotation of the rotating shaft.
Is mounted on the casing so that it does not
When the conductor is cooled to the superconducting state, the permanent magnetic
Most of the magnetic flux emanating from the stone penetrates into the superconductor
(Trap phenomenon). Where super
The conductor has normal conductive particles uniformly mixed inside
Therefore, the distribution of the magnetic flux penetrating into the superconductor becomes constant,
Therefore, it rotates as if it were a virtual pin standing on the superconductor.
As the permanent magnet of the shaft penetrates, the superconductor
The rotation axis is restrained. Therefore, the rotating shaft is extremely cheap.
Axial and radial
Supported in the direction. In this state, it is possible to rotate the rotation shaft including the permanent magnet around its axis. At this time, the magnetic flux that has entered the superconductor does not become a resistance that hinders rotation as long as the magnetic flux distribution is uniform and invariant with respect to the rotation axis.

[0008] Since two sets of the superconducting bearings arranged on both sides in the axial direction of the motor are supported at two places separated in the axial direction of the rotary shaft, it is possible to stably support the rotary shaft. The rotation shaft thus supported can be stably rotated by the motor disposed between the two sets of superconducting bearings.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The drawings schematically show the entire structure of a superconducting bearing device. This bearing device is rotatably supported by a vertically arranged casing (1) and a center in the casing (1) in a non-contact state. Vertical rotation axis (2).

The casing (1) is composed of a plurality of parts, and has a thick cylindrical shape whose lower end is open as a whole. A high-frequency motor (3) for rotating the rotating shaft (2) at high speed is provided at the upper and lower central part in the casing (1), and a superconducting bearing for supporting the rotating shaft (2) in a non-contact state above and below it
(4) and (5) are provided.

The motor (3) comprises a stator (6) provided on a casing (1) and a rotor (7) provided on a rotating shaft (2).

The upper superconducting bearing (4) is constructed as follows. An annular hollow cooling case (8) is fixed in the casing (1). A through hole (9) is formed in the center of the case (8) to penetrate the case up and down.
(2) is passed through with a gap. An annular groove (10) is formed at the center of the inner peripheral wall of the hole (9) of the case (8), and the inner diameter of the bottom of the groove (10) is considerably larger than the inner diameter of the hole (9). Has become. Perforated disk-shaped permanent magnet (11)
Is fixed to the rotating shaft (2), and fits into the groove (10) of the case (8) with a gap. The magnet (11) has magnetism of one magnetic pole (for example, N pole) at the upper end and magnetism of the other magnetic pole (for example, S pole) at the lower end, and is provided around the rotation axis of the rotation shaft (2). Is attached to the rotating shaft (2) so that the magnetic flux distribution of the rotating shaft does not change by rotation. Case
An annular upper superconductor (12) is fixed to the upper surface of the upper wall of the groove (10) in (8). An annular lower superconductor (13) is fixed to the lower surface of the lower wall of the groove (10) in the case (8). These superconductors (12) and (13) are made of an yttrium-based high-temperature superconductor, for example, one in which normal conducting particles (Y ₂ Ba ₁ Cu ₁ ) are uniformly mixed in a substrate made of YBa ₂ Cu ₃ O _x. And has the property of restricting the intrusion of magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnet (11). And the superconductor
(12) (13) is a separated position where the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet (11) intrudes by a predetermined amount, and the case (8) so that the rotation of the rotating shaft (2) does not change the distribution of the invading magnetic flux. Mounted on Note that at least the wall of the groove (10) and the inner peripheral wall corresponding to the superconductors (12) and (13) above and below the case (8) are made of a non-magnetic material.

The structure of the lower superconducting bearing (5) is the same as that of the upper superconducting bearing (4), and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The case (8) of the upper and lower superconducting bearings (4) and (5)
They are communicated by a communication pipe (14) passed through the casing (1). The upper case (8) is provided with a coolant inlet pipe (15) that extends through the casing (1) and extends to the outside.
A similar coolant discharge pipe (16) is connected to (8). The coolant inlet pipe (15) of the upper case (8) is a coolant outlet pipe (discharge pipe) of a cooling device (18) equipped with a refrigerator or the like (19)
The lower case (8) is connected to a coolant return pipe (suction pipe) (20) of the cooling device (18). Then, by the cooling device (18), for example, a coolant such as liquid nitrogen is supplied to the access pipe (19), the introduction pipe (15), the upper case (8), and the communication pipe (1).
4), circulated through the lower case (8), the discharge pipe (16) and the return pipe (20), and the superconductors (12) and (13) are cooled by the coolant filled in the case (8). For this reason, the superconductors (12) and (13) are in a superconducting state, and most of the magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnet (11) of the rotating shaft (2) is superconducting (12) (1).
Intrusion into 3) will be restrained (trap phenomenon). Here, since the superconductors (12) and (13) have normal conductive particles uniformly mixed therein, the distribution of the magnetic flux penetrating into the superconductors (12) and (13) is constant, so that it is as if the superconductor Permanent magnets (11) of the rotating shaft (2) penetrate the virtual pins erected on the bodies (12) and (13), and the rotating shaft (2) is moved with respect to the superconductors (12) and (13). Be bound. Therefore, the rotating shaft (2)
Will be supported in the axial and radial directions in a very stable floating state.

Annular protective members (21) and (22) are fixed to the upper and lower portions of the casing (1). Correspondingly, a pair of ceramic rolling bearings are mounted on the upper and lower portions of the rotating shaft (2). Touch-down bearings (23) and (24) are provided. A shallow annular groove (2) is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the protection members (21) and (22).
5) and (26) are formed, and touch-down bearings (23) and (24) are arranged with a gap inside the grooves (25) and (26). The touch-down bearings (23) and (24) are capable of receiving a radial load and an axial load, and include, for example, a pair of angular ball bearings in a front combination or a back combination.

During operation, if the superconductors (12) and (13) of the superconducting bearings (4) and (5) become normal conducting and lose their supporting force, the upper and lower touchdown bearings (23) ( 24) is the casing
It comes into contact with the protection members (21) and (22) of (1), thereby
(2) is rotatably supported. For this reason, damage to the rotating shaft (2) and components around it is prevented.

The above-mentioned superconducting bearing device has the following features:
An initial positioning device (27) for setting a relative position between the casing (1) and the rotating shaft (2) before operation is provided.

At the lower opening end of the casing (1), there is provided an elevating member (28) which can be raised and lowered by known suitable means. A conical protrusion (29) is provided on the upper end surface of the elevating member (28), and a conical hole (30) in which the protrusion (29) fits is formed on the lower end surface of the rotating shaft (2) opposed thereto. . Further, a conical projection (31) is provided on the upper end surface of the rotating shaft (2), and the projection (31) is formed on the lower surface of the upper wall of the casing (1) opposed thereto.
A conical hole (32) into which is fitted is formed.

During operation, the elevating member (28) is lowered to the lower operating position, and the rotating shaft (2) is supported by the superconducting bearings (4) and (5) as described above. Two
The projection (29) of (8) moves away from the wall of the conical hole (30) of the rotating shaft (2), and the protrusion (31) of the rotating shaft (2) moves away from the wall of the conical hole (32) of the casing (1). ing. The rotating shaft (2) rotates while being supported at substantially the center of the casing (1), and the permanent magnet (11) is supported substantially at the center of the case (8) in the vertical direction of the case (8).

At the time of the stop, the supply of the coolant from the cooling device (18) is usually stopped. For this reason, the superconductor (12) (1
3) is in the normal conduction state and has lost its bearing capacity. Therefore, the rotating shaft (2) is stopped while being supported by the casing (1) via the touchdown bearings (23) and (24).

The bearing device in such a stopped state is brought into an operating state as follows.

First, the elevating member (28) is raised to an upper set position. When the elevating member (28) rises, first, the protrusion (29) of the elevating member (28) comes into close contact with the conical hole (30) of the rotating shaft (2), and the rotating shaft (2) is lifted up and rotated. Shaft (2) protrusion (3
1) is close to the conical hole (32) of the casing (1), and the rotating shaft (2)
And the elevating member (28) stops. The lifting member (2
8) and the conical projections (29) and (31) of the rotating shaft (2) are the rotating shaft (2).
The rotary shaft (2) is positioned at the center of the casing (1) by fitting into the conical holes (30) and (32) of the casing (1). At this time, only the permanent magnet (11) is in the case (8).
Approaching the upper wall of (10), the distance from this wall to the upper surface of the permanent magnet (11) is smaller than the distance from the lower wall of the groove (10) to the lower surface of the permanent magnet (11) . When the rotating shaft (2) is positioned in this way, the coolant is circulated through the superconducting bearings (4) and (5) by the cooling device (18), and the superconductors (12) and (1) are circulated.
3) Cool. When the superconductors (12) and (13) are cooled and become superconductive, a supporting force is generated as described above. Therefore, the elevating member (28) is lowered to the operating position to eliminate the support. When the supporting force of the elevating member (28) is lost, the rotating shaft (2) is slightly lowered by its own weight, and stops at a position where the magnetic repulsive force and the pinning force of the superconducting bearings (4) and (5) are balanced. As a result, the permanent magnet (11) is supported substantially in the vertical direction in the groove (10) of the case (8), and the rotating shaft (2) is supported in a non-contact state as described above. To start the operation by rotating the rotating shaft (2).

The configuration and the like of the superconducting bearings (4) and (5) are not limited to those of the above embodiment, but can be changed as appropriate. In the superconducting bearing, a cylindrical permanent magnet is attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, and one end has magnetism of one magnetic pole and the other end has magnetism of the other magnetic pole. There is a type in which a partially cylindrical or plate-shaped superconductor is arranged, but the present invention is also applicable to a superconducting bearing device using such a superconducting bearing.

[0025]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the superconducting bearing device of the present invention, as described above, two sets of superconducting bearings of simple structure, the rotation axis
Can be stably supported in a non-contact state , and
With the rotating shaft stably supported by two sets of superconducting bearings,
The motor can be rotated efficiently .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a superconducting bearing device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) Casing (2) Rotary shaft (3) High-frequency motor (4) (5) Superconducting bearing (11) Permanent magnet (12) (13) Superconductor

────────────────────────────────────────────────── (5) References JP-A-1-234618 (JP, A) US Patent 4,886,778 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16C 32 / 00-32/06

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A casing, a rotating shaft vertically arranged inside the casing, a motor provided between the casing and the rotating shaft and configured to rotationally drive the rotating shaft,
And two sets of superconducting bearings arranged on both sides in the axial direction so as to sandwich the motor and supporting the rotating shaft in a non-contact manner. Each of the superconducting bearings is attached to the rotating shaft.
It is composed of a disk-shaped permanent magnet and a superconductor attached to the casing so as to face the casing in the axial direction. Is mounted on the rotating shaft as described above, and the superconductor has normal conducting particles therein.
Be those which are mix together are adapted to permit the magnetic flux penetration of the permanent magnets, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets of the penetration flux by rotation in a by and the rotary shaft is separated position entering a predetermined amount It is mounted on the above casing so that the distribution does not change.
When the body cools and becomes superconductive, it
The superconducting bearing device is characterized in that the magnetic flux of the inserted permanent magnet is restrained . 2. A casing, and a casing which is suspended inside the casing.
A rotating shaft arranged directly, the casing and the rotating shaft
A motor that is provided between and rotates the rotation shaft;
The motor is located on both sides in the axial direction so as to sandwich it.
And two sets of superconducting bearings for supporting the rotating shaft in a non-contact manner.
And each of the superconducting bearings is attached to the rotating shaft.
A cylindrical permanent magnet and the above-mentioned
And a superconductor attached to the
The magnet rotates the magnetic flux distribution around the rotation axis of the rotation shaft.
Attached to the rotation shaft so that it does not change
Therefore, the superconductor described above contains normal conducting particles mixed therein.
Magnetic flux penetration of the permanent magnet
And the above permanent magnet
At a separated position where a predetermined amount of magnetic flux
Position where the distribution of the intruding magnetic flux does not change due to the rotation of the shaft.
So that the superconductor
Penetrates into the superconducting state when cooled
That the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet
A superconducting bearing device .