JP2770240B2 - Lifting device brake device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a brake device for a lifting / lowering device of a self-weight drop type which raises and lowers a load, such as a water gate opening / closing device, and may press a load against a floor surface. is there.

[Prior art] Conventionally, as a device of this type, for example, in a manual water gate opening / closing device, a water gate is lowered by its own weight using a mechanical brake or a centrifugal brake, and after the water gate reaches the water bottom, in order to prevent water leakage. Further, it is necessary to push down the sluice door with the handle, crush the watertight rubber provided on the lower edge of the sluice door, perform retightening, and maintain the retightened state.

For this purpose, for example, a mechanism as disclosed in JP-A-62-35159 has been proposed.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in such a conventional motor, when the tightening is released by operating the handle or when the mechanical brake is released while applying a load, the friction surfaces are slid on each other while the thrust is applied. The torque required for release was large, and a large force had to be applied to the steering wheel.

Also, in order to slide the friction surface while receiving the load,
The friction surface was heavily worn.

The present invention solves these problems of the prior art, and releases a pressing force holding brake (for example, a retightening brake) that holds the load pressed against the floor surface even when releasing the mechanical brake when lowering the load. In this case, it is still another object of the present invention to provide a brake device for an elevating device in which the torque required for release is small and the friction surface is less worn.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention relates to a brake device inserted into a rotational driving force transmission mechanism of a self-weight descent type lifting device that raises and lowers a load by a rotational driving force and gravity by a manual or prime mover, wherein an input shaft and an output shaft are connected to each other. A friction plate having a friction surface on the side toward the shaft end is fixed to each of the input shaft and the output shaft so as to be opposed to each other on one central axis, and each of the shafts is provided on the shaft end side of the friction plate on each shaft. Is provided with a reverse rotation prevention mechanism that is rotatably supported around each axis, has a permissible rotation direction opposite to each other, and has friction surfaces on both sides, and a screw is provided at a shaft end of the input shaft. The shaft end of the output shaft is provided with a shaft-side member of a sliding shaft joint that transmits torque and is relatively slidable in the axial direction. A nut part to be screwed is provided integrally, and A moving friction member is formed at both end surfaces with a friction surface capable of contacting the friction surface of the reverse rotation preventing mechanism, and the reverse rotation preventing mechanism on the output shaft side prevents rotation in the direction of torque due to gravity. The direction of the screw on the input shaft side is such that when the moving friction body is rotated in the direction of torque due to gravity, the moving friction body approaches the reverse rotation prevention mechanism on the output shaft side. This is the brake device of the lifting device.

[Action]

The present invention provides an input shaft and an output shaft each having a frictional plate fixed thereto, and between each frictional plate and a shaft end, provided with a reverse rotation prevention mechanism having an allowable rotation direction opposite to each other and rotatable with respect to the shaft. Are arranged opposite to each other on a straight line, a screw and nut mechanism is provided at the input shaft end, and a sliding shaft joint (which transmits torque but is relatively movable in the axial direction) is provided at the output shaft end, The nut portion of the screw / nut mechanism and the sliding member of the sliding shaft joint are integrated to form a moving friction member, and the friction surfaces on both surfaces of the moving friction member and the respective friction plates of the input shaft and the output shaft are combined. Between them, two brake mechanisms are formed with a reverse rotation preventing mechanism having an allowable rotation direction reversed. Then, by selecting the allowable rotation direction of both reverse rotation prevention mechanisms and the torsion direction of the screw, the output side brake mechanism acts as a mechanical brake and the input side brake mechanism acts as a tightening brake. In both the release of the brake and the release of the mechanical brake, the axial separation of the friction surfaces is directly isolated by the action of the screw, and the release torque is extremely small without slippage between the friction surfaces.

In addition, since the friction surface does not slide while the thrust is applied, the friction surface can be prevented from being worn.

〔Example〕

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the arrangement of the brake device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows an example of a driving force transmission mechanism from a handle portion of a manual water gate opening / closing device to a part of a gear device, wherein 1 is a manual handle, 2 is an input shaft, and 3 is a brake device according to the present invention. 4 is an output shaft, 5 is a multi-plate clutch, 6 is a pinion shaft, 7 is a centrifugal brake, 8 is a pinion, 9 is a gear that meshes with it, 10 is a pinion, and a subsequent gear mechanism.
Pinions and rack mechanisms for raising and lowering the gate are omitted.

As will be described later, when the multi-plate clutch 6 is connected and the handle 1 is turned in the opening direction 11, the water gate is opened (water gate door rises), and when it is turned in the closing direction 12, the water gate is closed (water gate door descends). . When the multi-plate clutch 5 is disengaged, the sluice door falls under its own weight at a predetermined speed by the action of the centrifugal brake 7.

 Details of the brake device 3 will be described with reference to FIG.

The input shaft 2 is rotatably and axially fixed by a bearing 16 and a rolling bearing 17 to a flange metal 15 attached to a gear box 13 of the lifting device via a casing 14 of the brake device 3. It is supported. The output shaft 4 includes a rolling bearing 18 and a multi-plate clutch 5 provided on a casing 14.
Rotatable by rolling bearings (not shown) provided in the
And it is fixed and supported in the axial direction. Input shaft 2
The output shaft 4 and the output shaft 4 are disposed on one central shaft 19 so as to face each other, and are provided in guide holes 20 provided in the shaft end of the output shaft 4 and guide pins 21 provided in the shaft end of the input shaft 2. However, they are fitted so as to be able to rotate relative to each other to prevent the centers of both shafts from shifting.

Friction plates 24 and 25 having friction surfaces 22 and 23 on the side facing the shaft end are fixed to the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 4, respectively.

A screw 26 (left-hand thread) is provided at the shaft end of the input shaft 2, and a spline-type shaft joint which is a sliding shaft joint that transmits torque and is relatively slidable in the axial direction is provided at the shaft end of the output shaft 4. A spline shaft 27 is provided.

A spline boss 28 as a sliding-side member of the spline joint is integrally formed with a nut portion 29 that is screwed with a screw 26, and has friction surfaces 30, 31 on both end surfaces in the axial direction. A body 32 is formed.

A ratchet plate 33 as a reverse rotation preventing mechanism is rotatably supported around the input shaft 2 between the moving friction member 32 and the friction plate 24. Brake linings 34, 35 are provided on both axial end surfaces of the ratchet plate 33.

On the other hand, between the moving friction body 32 and the friction plate 25, a ratchet plate 36 as a reverse rotation preventing mechanism is rotatably supported around the output shaft 4. On both sides of the ratchet plate 36, brake linings 37, 38 are provided.

Thus, the rotation of the ratchet plate 33 in the opening direction 11 of the inner race is prevented, and the rotation in the closing direction 12 is allowed, as described later. On the other hand, the ratchet plate 36 is prevented from rotating in the closing direction 12 as described later, and is allowed to rotate in the opening direction 11. That is, the allowable rotation directions of the ratchet plate 33 and the ratchet plate 36 are opposite to each other.

Referring to the ratchet plate 33, as shown in FIG. 2, a ratchet tooth 42 provided around the ratchet plate 36 is provided.
And a ratchet pawl slidably provided in a sleeve 43 provided in the casing 14 and urged by a spring 44.
By 45, the rotation of the ratchet plate 33 in the closing direction 12 is allowed, but the rotation in the opening direction 11 is prevented.

In the ratchet plate 36, the ratchet pawls 39 are turned in the opposite direction, so that rotation of the ratchet plate 36 in the opening direction 11 is allowed, but rotation in the closing direction 12 is prevented.

Since the screw 26 is a left-handed screw, the following operation is performed. That is, assuming that the direction of the torque generated by the weight of the load (gate) is gravity direction 46, when the output shaft 4 is rotated in the gravity direction 46 relative to the input shaft 2, the screw 29 ( With the left screw), the moving friction body 32 approaches the ratchet plate 36 on the output shaft 4 side, which is a reverse rotation preventing mechanism that does not allow rotation in the gravitational action direction 46 (closing direction 12), and the friction surface 31
Is pressed against the brake lining 37 to transmit the torque in the direction of gravity 46 to the ratchet plate 36. But,
The rotation in this direction is prevented by the action of the ratchet plate 36 described above, and acts as a brake for supporting the load, and acts as a mechanical brake as described later.

Conversely, if the output shaft 4 is rotated in the anti-gravity action direction 47 relative to the input shaft 2, the moving friction body 32 is rotated by the screw 26 in the anti-gravity action direction 47 (opening direction 11). Approaching the ratchet plate 33, which is a reverse rotation preventing mechanism that does not allow the rotation of the ratchet, and presses against the ratchet plate 33 to transmit torque in the antigravity action direction 47. However, the rotation in this direction is prevented by the action of the ratchet plate 33 described above, and the action of the tightening brake for preventing the tightening force from being loosened is performed.

The operation of the brake device having the above configuration will be described.

 First, the operation of opening and closing the water gate (elevating the water gate door) will be described.

Turning from the state in which the handle 1 is turned in the opening direction 11 and the sluice door starts to ascend, at this time, the output shaft 4 is in a gravity action direction 46 relative to the input shaft 2 due to the weight of the sluice door.
As a result, the moving friction body 32 moves to the right by the action of the screw 26, which is a left-hand thread, contacts the ratchet plate 36 and presses it, and the screw 26 and the nut portion 29 are locked. Become. Therefore, the torque of the handle 1 is transmitted to the output shaft 4 via the spline boss 28 and the spline shaft 27, and the floodgate rises. At this time, since the ratchet plate 36 is in a free state, the rotation of the output shaft 4 in the opening direction 11 is not prevented.

If the handle 1 is stopped and the hand is released, the torque from the spline shaft 27 disappears, but since the moving friction body 32 presses the ratchet plate 36 against the friction plate 25, the ratchet plate 36 is united by friction, and the action of the ratchet plate 36 , The rotation in the direction of gravity 46 is prevented. Therefore, even if you release your hand, the sluice door is kept open without falling.

If a torque in the closing direction 12 is applied to the handle 1 to lower the sluice door, the output shaft 4 is connected to the input shaft 2 by the mechanical braking action of the friction plate 25, the ratchet plate 36, the spline shaft 27, the moving friction body 32 and the screw 26. Rotates following the rotation of the gate, and the gate descends without the weight of the gate being received by the handle 1.

At this time, if the handle 1 is turned in the closing direction 11, the screw 26
As a result, the friction surface 31 of the moving friction member 32 immediately separates in the axial direction without slipping against the brake lining 37, and the brake can be released without requiring a large torque.

The lower end of the gate closes to the bottom of the water, crushes the watertight rubber by its own weight, and when the reaction force of the deformation of the watertight rubber and its own weight are balanced, the descent by the own weight stops.

 Next, the retightening operation will be described.

When the handle 1 is further turned in the closing direction 12 from the above state, the output shaft 4 receives the reaction force of the watertight rubber and keeps rotating. That is, the output shaft 4 rotates in the anti-gravity action direction 47 relative to the input shaft 2. Then, due to the action of the screw 26 which is a left-handed screw, the moving friction body 32 approaches a ratchet plate 33 which is a reverse rotation preventing mechanism which does not allow rotation in the antigravity action direction 47 and presses this between the friction plate 24 and the screw.
26 is in a locked state, the torque of the handle 1 is transmitted to the gate, the watertight rubber is crushed, and a tightening force is applied. At this time, since the ratchet plate 33 is free, the rotation of the input shaft 2 cannot be prevented.

Since this tightening force is transmitted to the handle 1 as a reaction, the magnitude of the tightening force can be confirmed by responding.

When the hand is released from the handle 1 in a state where the watertight rubber has been crushed to a certain extent and sufficient tightening has been performed, the friction caused by the action of the screw 26 due to the torque based on the reaction force from the watertight rubber (antigravity action direction 47). The body 32 keeps the ratchet plate 33 sandwiched between the friction plate 24 and the body 32, and the rotation of the antigravity action direction 47 is prevented by the action of the ratchet claw 45, so that the watertight rubber is crushed. In this state, the tightening force is maintained. That is, the action of the tightening force holding brake is performed.

Next, when raising the gate again, handle 1
Is turned in the opening direction 11, the moving friction body 32 tries to move to the right and the restraint due to the friction with the ratchet plate 33 is loosened, but the output shaft 4 is still in the antigravity direction 47 due to the reaction force from the watertight rubber. Since the output shaft 4 is rotated, the water gate is moved up following the rotation of the input shaft 2 (that is, the rotation of the handle 1),
The deformation of the watertight rubber is restored, the reaction force is reduced, and it balances with the weight of the gate.

The tightening brake acts like a mechanical brake against an external force in a direction opposite to the direction of gravity.

At this time, if the handle 1 is turned in the opening direction 12, the screw 26
As a result, the friction surface 30 of the moving friction member 32 is immediately separated in the axial direction without slipping against the brake lining 34, and the tightening brake can be released without requiring a large torque.

If the handle 1 is further turned in the opening direction 11, the gate is raised to the initial state.

As described above, the mechanical brake mechanism using the ratchet plate 36 and the tightening force holding brake using the ratchet plate 33 are extremely compactly provided on the central axis of one input shaft 2 and one output shaft 4. Moreover, the handle is extremely light when releasing the mechanical brake and the additional brake.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment, which is an example in which a flanged coupling that allows relative movement in the axial direction is used as a sliding shaft coupling.

A coupling flange 53 is fixed to the shaft end of the output shaft 4 by a square shaft 51 and a snap ring 52 as a shaft side member of a sliding shaft joint, and a plurality of coupling pins 54 are held on the same circumference. Numeral 55 denotes a coupling flange as a sliding-side member of the sliding shaft coupling. A plurality of holes 56 corresponding to the coupling pins 54 are provided, and the inner diameter is a nut portion 29 which is screwed with the screw 26 (left-hand thread). , Brake lining 35
Is a friction surface 30.

Reference numeral 57 denotes a brake disk fixed to the coupling flange 55, and a surface facing the brake lining 37 is a friction surface 31.

The coupling flange 55, the nut portion 29, and the brake disc 57 form the moving friction body 32 integrally. The moving friction member 32 can move to a certain extent in the axial direction with respect to the coupling flange 53, and transmits torque in the rotational direction by the coupling pin 54 and the hole 56.

The action of the moving friction member 32 relating to the mechanical brake using the ratchet plate 36 and the tightening force holding brake using the ratchet plate 33 is the same as in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the friction surface 31 is in contact with the friction surface 30 and there is a gap on the friction surface 30 in the load holding state.

In the above embodiment, a cam clutch mechanism is used as a reverse rotation preventing mechanism instead of the ratchet plate 36 for a mechanical brake, and a ratchet plate is used for a tightening force holding brake.
If 33 is used, the door is quiet when the gate is raised and lowered, and a ratchet sound is emitted when the door is tightened. In addition to the response of the steering wheel 1, it is possible to confirm that the tightening operation is being performed by sound.

However, the arrangement of the reverse rotation preventing mechanism is not limited to this, the types may be interchanged, both may be of the same type, or another type of reverse rotation preventing mechanism may be used.

The driving force to the input shaft may be driven by a motor such as a motor or an engine.

The load can be applied not only to the gate, but also to the one that needs to be pressed against the floor in addition to the lifting operation.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, the operating force of the handle is extremely lightened when releasing the mechanical brake when unloading the load, and also when releasing the additional tightening brake, and the wear on the friction surface is reduced, resulting in an extremely large effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of an arrangement of a brake device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Handle, 2 ... Input shaft, 3 ... Brake device, 4 ... Output shaft, 5 ... Multi-plate clutch, 6 ... Pinion shaft, 7 ... Centrifugal brake, 8 ... Pinion, 9 ... Gear, 10 ... Pinion, 11 ...
Open direction, 12… Closed direction, 13… Gear box, 14… Casing, 15… Flange metal, 16… Bearing, 17… Rolling bearing, 18… Rolling bearing, 19… Center shaft, 20… Guide hole, 21… Guide pin, 22 ... friction surface, 23 ... friction surface, 24 ... friction plate, 25 ...
Friction plate, 26 ... Screw, 27 ... Spline shaft, 28 ... Spline boss, 29 ... Nut, 30 ... Friction surface, 31 ... Friction surface, 32 ... Moving friction body, 33 ... Ratchet plate, 34 ... Brake lining, 35 ... Brake lining, 36 ... ratchet plate, 37 ...
Brake lining, 38: Brake lining, 39: Ratchet claw, 42: Ratchet teeth, 43: Sleeve, 44: Spring, 45: Ratchet claw, 46: Direction of gravity action, 47: Direction of antigravity action, 51: Square axis, 52 ... snap ring, 53 ... coupling flange, 54 ... coupling pin, 55 ... coupling flange, 56 ... hole, 57 ... brake disc.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A brake device inserted into a rotary driving force transmission mechanism of a self-weight descent type lifting device configured to raise and lower a load by a rotary driving force and gravity by a manual or prime mover, wherein an input shaft and an output shaft are Are arranged on one central axis so as to face each other, a friction plate having a friction surface on the side facing the shaft end is fixed to each of the input shaft and the output shaft, and the shaft end side of the friction plate of each shaft Is provided with a reverse rotation prevention mechanism that is rotatably supported around each axis and has frictional surfaces on both sides that have allowable rotation directions opposite to each other, and a screw is provided at a shaft end of the input shaft. A shaft-side member of a sliding shaft coupling is provided at a shaft end of the output shaft so as to transmit torque and relatively slide in the axial direction. The nut part to be screwed with A moving friction member is formed on both end surfaces of the motor with friction surfaces capable of contacting the friction surface of the reverse rotation preventing mechanism. The reverse rotation preventing mechanism on the output shaft side prevents rotation in the direction of torque due to gravity. The direction of the screw on the input shaft side is such that when the moving friction body is rotated in the direction of torque due to gravity, the sliding friction body approaches the reverse rotation prevention mechanism on the output shaft side. A brake device for a lifting device.