JP2529803B2 - Plant moving device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for cultivating a plant in a structure such as a plant producing factory, and more particularly to an apparatus for moving a large number of cultivated plants while maintaining appropriate intervals. The present invention relates to a plant moving device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a plant is artificially cultivated in a facility such as a building or a building, the influence of the external environment such as weather conditions can be minimized and cultivated under the optimum condition. Labor saving can be achieved. In such institutional cultivation, it is necessary to effectively use the cultivation floor in the limited space of the cultivation facility and increase the cultivation amount per unit area.
In particular, since artificial light sources are generally used in greenhouse cultivation,
In order to increase the lighting efficiency, it is necessary to increase the area utilization rate. Therefore, it is necessary to set the plant interval small at the beginning of the plant growth process and widen the plant interval as the plant grows. In addition, the grown plant is sequentially harvested and a new plant is cultivated. Therefore, it is necessary to move the whole plant in the facility correspondingly.

As described above, it is necessary to periodically move all plants while adjusting the plant spacing, but if this work is performed manually, it takes too much time and labor. In particular,
In the case of a plant factory intended for mass production, the amount of work is too large, which makes practical application difficult. In the conventional manual method, the planting panel (support for multiple plants) is moved with the root of the plant touching the bottom of the cultivation tank. May cause trouble.

Therefore, a technique for automating the above-mentioned work is disclosed in JP-B-63-56773 and JP-A-58-47.
No. 413, No. 55-24000, JP-A No. 2-1630.
It is described in each publication of No. 13. Above Japanese Patent Publication Sho 63-5
6773 and JP-A-58-47413 propose moving a plant support using a chain or a belt. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-24000 proposes a technique for expanding the plant spacing by using a shaft with a spiral groove for gradually expanding the pitch. JP-A-2-1630
No. 13 proposes a technique of sequentially moving a carrier supporting a plant by reciprocating a hook.

[0005]

However, in a moving device (space adjusting device) used for facility cultivation, unlike a general belt conveyor, it is necessary to change the carrying distance according to the state of the carried object. Specifically, it is necessary to reduce the migration amount and the mutual interval in a small plant in the early stage of the growth process, and to increase the migration amount and the mutual interval in a large plant in the late stage of the growth process. Therefore, the above-mentioned conventional technique has the following problems.

JP-B-63-56773 and JP-A-58-
In the case of using the chain or belt proposed in Japanese Patent No. 47413, the structure of the transfer section as a means for expanding the stock interval becomes complicated. In the method proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-24000, since it is necessary to increase the processing accuracy of the shaft with the spiral groove, the structure becomes complicated and the cultivation equipment becomes expensive.

The method proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 2-1603013 may increase the cost of the carrier supporting the plant itself, and is not suitable for equipment with a large production amount. In general, a nutrient solution is supplied to the root part of a plant, and when the nutrient solution is exposed to light, problems such as algae breeding occur. It is necessary to close it by means of
The method proposed in No. 13 cannot prevent light from entering the root part. Further, there is a problem that the roots of the plants are likely to come into contact with the bottom surface of the cultivation tank and are easily damaged.

As described above, the conventional carrier device and stock gap adjusting device have a complicated structure and are expensive. Further, structurally, there is a problem that it is not easy to change the spacing between plants (movement pitch of the plant support) when the cultivar is changed. An object of the present invention is to provide a device that has a simple and inexpensive structure, can move plants without problems while maintaining a predetermined plant spacing, and can easily set the plant spacing according to cultivars and the like. Is.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems ] The present invention for solving the above problems
Ming's plant movement device can support multiple plants under cultivation.
Of the plant support and the above-mentioned plant support in a predetermined moving direction.
A fixed position support part for movably supporting at fixed intervals,
It is provided below the plant support supported by the support section.
And a transport mechanism, the transfer mechanism, it
It can move back and forth in the moving direction of the plant support and
Next, multiple drive frames arranged in series next to each other
A movable frame connected to each drive frame by a connecting mechanism.
And move each of the adjacent drive frames above the plant support
Play that allows relative movement of the two in a predetermined direction
And a joint mechanism for coupling in a state having the above-described drive off
On the drive frame at either end of the row
Reciprocally interlock each drive frame in the moving direction of the plant support.
The drive mechanism for connecting the above
Corresponds to the reciprocating motion of the drive frame to which it is connected.
Accordingly, the movable frame is connected to the drive frame.
Reciprocates in the moving direction of the plant support, and
Only when the movable frame moves forward within a predetermined range,
Movable frame holds the plant support and moves in the same direction
Occupy the holding position, and outside the predetermined range the plant support
The movable frame is separated from the
It has a feature.

[0010]

[0011] The connecting mechanism is moved, for example, the drive frame, the forward movement, through an intermediate forward position from the initial position moves to the front end position, in retreat operation, to the initial position via an intermediate retracted position from the front end position The movable frame moves together with the drive frame while holding the plant support in response to the first forward movement in which the drive frame moves from the initial position to the intermediate forward position. Corresponding to the second forward movement of moving from the position to the front end position, the movable frame moves to the non-holding position where the plant support is not held, and the drive frame moves to the first backward movement of the front end position to the intermediate backward position. Correspondingly, the movable frame retracts together with the drive frame, and the drive frame moves to the second retract operation from the intermediate retracted position to the initial position. To be configured such that the movable frame is moved to the holding position for holding a plant support.

Such a connecting mechanism includes a parallel link mechanism for connecting the drive frame and the movable frame, and the above-mentioned first link mechanism.
A lock mechanism that prevents the movable frame from moving backward relative to the drive frame during the forward movement is provided, and the lock release member is attached to the stationary portion, and the lock mechanism is locked when the movable frame moves to the intermediate forward position. The lock state can be released by engaging with the release member.

Further, a stopper for engaging with the movable frame and limiting the moving range of the movable frame may be provided in the stationary portion.

[0014]

The plant under cultivation is supported by each of the plurality of plant supports. The plant supports are movably supported by the support unit while being spaced from each other in the moving direction. The drive frame at one end in the drive frame row of the transfer mechanism is reciprocated by the drive mechanism in the moving direction of the plant support , and correspondingly, the remaining drive frames reciprocate in the same moving direction . And in the operation of such drive frame
Correspondingly, each movable frame also reciprocates in the same movement direction. At that time, since each movable frame holds the plant support and moves in the same direction only in the forward movement, the plant support is moved forward by a required distance in response to the reciprocal movement of the movable frame. At this time, the plant support supported the cultivated plant
As it is transferred as it is, the roots of plants will not be damaged.
And is transported safely. Also, the plant support may be hollow, for example.
Then, pour the nutrient solution into this, or support the adjacent plant.
It is possible to install a light shield cover between them, and so on.
By doing so, the light to the nutrient solution for plant cultivation can be blocked. Ma
In addition, the reciprocating interlocking of the drive frame is the
The joint mechanism connecting the
A play that allows relative movement of adjacent drive frames by a predetermined distance.
The adjacent drive frames are connected to each other
Drive at either end of the drive frame train.
When the moving frame is moved by the drive mechanism, its end
The drive frame following the drive frame is sequentially
Drives in the same direction with a delay, which causes each adjacent drive frame to
There is a difference in the distance traveled between
Planting plants with different distances between plants at each plant cultivation stage
The object can be moved forward. In addition to the above joint mechanism
The amount of play can be determined as appropriate, so this amount of play is appropriate
It is easy to set the interval between plants according to the plant variety etc.
Can be set to.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a plant cultivating facility adopting a plant moving device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a plurality of cultivation stages (regions) are arranged in the plant cultivation equipment in a state of being aligned in the plant conveyance direction (moving direction M).
In the illustrated example, the first, second and third cultivation stages 1, 2, 3 are shown. On each stage, a plurality of columns 5 (bar-shaped plant supports) are arranged horizontally and at intervals S1, S2, S3 in the moving direction M from each other.

Each column 5 has a hollow structure, and a plurality of openings are provided on the upper wall of the column 5 at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the column. A block-shaped member 7 in which the plant 6 is planted is fitted into each opening. The plant 6 is thus cultivated while being supported by the column 5. In the first cultivation stage 1,
The plant 6 in the initial stage of the growth process is arranged, the plant 6 in the middle stage is arranged in the second cultivation stage 2,
In the third cultivation stage 3, the plant 6 at the final stage is arranged. Since the growth stages are different as described above, the spacing S1 between the columns 5 adjacent to each other in the moving direction M is set to be small (for example, zero) in the first cultivation stage 1 according to the size of the plant body 6, In the second cultivation stage 2, the interval S2
Is set to a medium level, and at the third cultivation stage 3, the interval S3 is set.
Is set to a large value.

With such a cultivation facility, a plant 6 is newly added.
In the case of cultivating, the new column 5 supporting the plant 6 in the early stage of growth is loaded at the entrance side end (the left end in FIG. 3) of the first cultivation stage 1 not shown.
Further, when the plants 6 grow to a predetermined stage in the third cultivation stage 3, the column 5 supporting them grows at the outlet side end (not shown) of the third cultivation stage 3 (the right end in FIG. 3). Taken from. Furthermore, each column 5 is periodically moved by a predetermined distance S in the moving direction M in response to the growth of plants.
Transferred while maintaining 1, S2 and S3. This transfer is performed by loading the new column 5 described above and the column 5 after the growth.
It is also carried out when taking out. In order to transfer the column 5 in this manner, each stage 1, 2, 3 has a structure shown in FIGS.
The transfer mechanism 10 shown in FIG.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.
3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. As shown in Figure 2,
The plant cultivation equipment is provided with a fixed frame 9. The fixed frame 9 is provided with a pair of guide rails 11 and a pair of side guides 12. Portions near both ends of the column 5 are seated on the guide rail 11 so as to be movable in the moving direction M (FIG. 3). The side guides 12 are in contact with or close to both ends of the column 5. A nutrient solution supply pipe 13 is provided above the right end of each column 5 in FIG. From the nutrient solution supply pipe 13, the nutrient solution is supplied into the column 5 through the upper end opening of the column 5. Below the other end of the column 5, a nutrient solution recovery duct 14 for recovering the nutrient solution discharged from the column 5 is provided. Although not shown, the gap between the adjacent columns 5 is closed by a cover in order to prevent the artificial ray from above from hitting the nutrient solution.

The transfer mechanism 10 has a lower side and a lower side of the column 5.
It is arranged between the pair of guide rails 11. The transfer mechanism 10 includes a drive frame 15 and a movable frame 16. The drive frame 15 includes a pair of vertical members 17 extending in the moving direction M at intervals in the stage width direction (longitudinal direction of the column 5), and a pair of vertical members extending in the stage width direction at intervals in the moving direction M. It is composed of an assembly with the lateral member 18, and has a rectangular frame shape as a whole. The movable frame 16 has substantially the same size and shape as the drive frame 15, and includes a pair of vertical members 20 and a pair of horizontal members 21.

The movable frame 16 is arranged above the drive frame 15, and as shown in FIG.
The portions near both ends of are connected to the vertical member 17 via links 23. The pair of front and rear links 23 constitutes a parallel link mechanism. Therefore, the movable frame 16 moves up and down and moves back and forth (moving direction M and its opposite direction) with respect to the drive frame 15 within a limited range. Move).

A crank type drive mechanism 25 is connected to the front end of the drive frame 15 of the third cultivation stage 3. The crank type drive mechanism 25 is driven by a motor 26 to rotate, and transmits the rotational movement to the drive frame 15 as a reciprocating linear movement. More specifically, with the fixed frame 9 as a reference, the drive frame 15 advances in the moving direction M from the initial position PS through the intermediate advance position PM to the front end position PF,
From the front end position PF to the intermediate retreat position PN to the initial position PS
Configured to retreat to.

In order to allow this movement, rollers 28 are rotatably attached to the side surfaces near both ends of the vertical member 17, and as shown in FIG.
A rail 29 on which 8 travels is attached. In FIG. 3, the front end of the drive frame 15 of the second cultivation stage 2 is connected to the rear end of the drive frame 15 of the third cultivation stage 3 via a joint mechanism 30. The joint mechanism 30 includes brackets 31, 32 fixed to both drive frames 15.
And a joint pin 33 fixed to the front bracket 31 and protruding rearward. The joint pin 33 is slidably fitted in the hole of the bracket 32 in a state where there is play in the moving direction M. When the joint pin 33 advances relative to the bracket 32 by a predetermined play distance Qp from the initial state of FIG. 3, the large-diameter head portion of the joint pin 33 causes the bracket 3 to move.
Engage with the edge of the two holes to prevent further relative movement. Therefore, when the drive frame 15 of the third cultivation stage 3 moves the distance Q1 between the initial position PS and the front end position PF, the drive frame 15 of the second cultivation stage 2 moves the distance Q1.
The play distance Qp is subtracted.
In the illustrated embodiment, the joint pin 33 is composed of a bolt, and the play position Qp can be adjusted by making the mounting position of the bracket 31 adjustable.

The second cultivation stage 2 (not shown)
The drive frame 15 of No. 1 and the drive frame 15 of the first cultivation stage 1 are also connected by the same joint mechanism. Therefore, when the drive frame 15 of the third cultivation stage 3 is moved, the second and first cultivation stages 2 The one drive frame 15 can also be moved by an appropriate distance. As shown in FIG. 3, the transfer mechanism 10 is further provided with a lock mechanism 40 and a stopper mechanism 41. The lock mechanism 40 includes a lever 45 arranged on the side surface of the vertical member 20. Lever 4
5 is a support shaft pin 4 whose upper end extends in the width direction of the stage.
It is rotatably connected to the vertical member 20 via 6. A guide pin 47, which is parallel to the support shaft pin 46, is fixed to an intermediate portion of the lever 45. The lower half of the front edge of the lever 45 is provided with an inclined edge 48 and an arcuate edge continuous with the lower end of the edge 48, and the arcuate edge is clearly shown in FIG. As shown in FIG . 3, a substantially semicircular cutout 49 that is open forward and downward is formed .

A lock pin 50, which is parallel to the guide pin 47, is fixed to the vertical member 17 of the drive frame 15 while protruding laterally. In the initial state of FIG. 3, the lever 45
Rotates around the spindle pin 46 to a lower position, and the lock pin 50 is engaged with the notch 49. In this engaged state, the lock pin 50 is prevented from moving relative to the lever 45 in the movement direction M, that is, forward movement. Therefore, when the drive frame 15 moves forward in this state, the lock pin 50 moves. The frame 16 also moves forward together with the drive frame 15.

Further, a releasing member 52 is fixed to the fixed frame 9 in front of the guide pin 47. The upper half portion of the release member 52 forms an inclined portion 53 that is inclined so that its upper portion is located more forward than its lower portion. The positions, dimensions and angles of the inclined portion 53 and the respective portions such as the guide pin 47, the notch 49 and the lock pin 50 are set so that the respective portions operate as described later.

The stopper mechanism 41 is provided with a bracket 60 fixed to the vertical member 20 and protruding downward, and a stopper roller 61 protruding laterally from the lower portion of the bracket 60. Further, the stopper mechanism 41 includes a pair of stoppers 62. The pair of stoppers 62 are fixed to the fixed frame 9 and are spaced from each other in the front-rear direction. The stopper roller 61 is located between the front and rear stoppers 62, and the stopper roller 61 engages with the stopper 62 to prevent the movable frame 16 from moving.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a plurality of brackets 65 (FIG. 2) are fixed to the vertical member 20 of the movable frame 16, and a holding pin 66 protruding upward is fixed to each bracket 65. As shown in FIG. 3, each holding pin 66 is engaged with the column 5 from the rear side, and when the movable frame 16 moves forward, each holding pin 66 pushes the column 5 engaged therewith in the same direction. To move.

The operation will be described. In the initial state of FIG. 3, the drive frame 15 is at the initial position PS. Since the lever 45 is engaged with the lock pin 50 as described above, the link 23 is in the upright state, and the movable frame 16 is fixed at the position (column holding position) moved to the uppermost position with respect to the drive frame 15. Has been done. In this position, the retaining pin 66
Can engage the column 5 from the rear. Further, the stopper roller 61 is in contact with the rear stopper 62. The guide pin 47 is located behind the release member 52 with a predetermined distance.

From this state, the drive frame 15 is advanced to the intermediate advance position PM shown in FIG. In this moving operation, the movable frame 16 moves together with the drive frame 15, so that each column 5 is pushed by the holding pin 66 and moves by the same distance. At the final stage of the above travel process, lever 4
Since the guide pin 47 of 5 rides on the inclined portion 53 of the release member 52 and the lever 45 rotates upward and backward,
In the state shown in, the notch 49 is disengaged from the lock pin 50. In addition, the stopper roller 61 is the front stopper 6
It is in contact with 2. Therefore, as the next operation, the drive frame 15 is further moved to the front end position PF shown in FIG. 5, but in that case, the movable frame 16 does not move forward. When the drive frame 15 and the movable frame 16 relatively move in this way, the movable frame 16 descends due to the action of the link 23, and the holding pin 66 is disengaged from the column 5. In addition, in order to absorb the impact at the time of descending, a shock absorber may be provided at an appropriate position of the drive frame 15 or the fixed frame 9 to receive the descending movable frame 16.

When the drive frame 15 is retracted from the state shown in FIG. 5 to the intermediate retracted position PN shown in FIG. 6, the movable frame 16 retracts together with the drive frame 15 with the column 5 left on the guide rail 11. At the position shown in FIG. 6, the stopper roller 61 is in contact with the rear stopper 62. When the drive frame 15 is retracted from the position shown in FIG. 6 to the initial position PS shown in FIG. 3, each part of the transfer mechanism 10 returns to the initial state. That is, in this retreating operation, the movable frame 16 is prevented from further retracting due to the action of the stopper roller 61 and the stopper 62. Therefore, only the drive frame 15 retreats, and the action of the link 23 causes the movable frame 16 to rise and return to the column holding position. Further, the lock pin 50 relatively moves below the lever 45 and engages with the notch 49.

Each time the above operation is repeated, the column 5 is moved by a predetermined distance (distance between the initial position PS and the intermediate forward position PM).
Can only move forward. Further, the above description of the operation has been given for the third cultivation stage 3, but the drive frames 15 of the second and first cultivation stages 2 and 1 also have the joint mechanism 30.
The columns 5 of the cultivation stages 2 and 1 are similarly moved because they are connected to each other by. However, since each joint mechanism 30 is provided with a play distance Qp, the column 5
The moving distance of is also reduced by the play distance Qp, and becomes a value corresponding to the stock interval required in each stage. Of course, at each stage, the stopper 62 and the holding pin 66
The positions such as the relative distances and the relative intervals are set according to the required movement distance, and the stopper 62 and the stopper 62 are provided by using the structure (the structure that can be easily attached and detached) to make such setting easily. Each component such as the holding pin 66 is fixed.

The number of stages can be changed variously.
Further, a direct drive device such as an air cylinder may be employed instead of the crank drive mechanism. Explained above
According to the plant moving device, while maintaining a predetermined plant interval
The plant 6 can be moved, and the interval between plants can be set.
Is also easy. Also, the device structure is simple and inexpensive. Ma
Also, it is possible to provide a cover to block the light to the nutrient solution for plant cultivation.
Wear. Furthermore, since the plant 6 moves with the column 5, the plant 6
There is no fear of damaging the roots of.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention, the structure is
It is easy to manufacture and can be provided at low cost, and it is possible to maintain the prescribed stock spacing.
Moreover, the plant can be safely planted without fear of damaging the roots of the plant.
It can be moved and the interval between strains can be easily set according to the cultivar etc.
In addition, it is possible to install a cover that blocks light from the nutrient solution for plant cultivation.
It is possible to provide a plant moving device that is capable.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a plant cultivation facility adopting a plant moving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2 in another operating state.

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2 in yet another operating state.

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2 in yet another operating state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5 Column 6 Plant 9 Fixed Frame 10 Transfer Device 15 Drive Frame 16 Movable Frame 23 Link 25 Crank Type Drive Mechanism 30 Joint Mechanism 40 Lock Mechanism 41 Stopper Mechanism 45 Lever 46 Spindle Pin 47 Guide Pin 48 Sloping Edge 49 Notch 50 Lock pin 52 Release member 53 Inclined part 61 Stopper roller 62 Stopper 66 Holding pin M Moving direction PF Front end position PM Intermediate forward position PN Intermediate retracted position PS Initial position Q1 Distance Qp Play distance

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of plant supports capable of supporting a growing plant.
The body and the above-mentioned plant support can be moved at a predetermined interval in a predetermined movement direction
A fixed position support part for supporting the fixed part and a plant support part provided below the support part supported by the support part.
The transfer mechanism is provided in the moving direction of the plant support.
It is reciprocally movable and is a series of devices that are arranged in series next to each other in that direction.
A number of drive frames and connecting mechanism to each drive frame above
And the movable frame connected to each other and the adjacent drive frames
The relative movement of the two in the moving direction of the plant support
Machine for connecting with a play allowing a predetermined distance
And a structure, in either one of the end portions in the drive frame column drive
Each drive frame to the frame in the moving direction of the plant support
A drive mechanism for reciprocating interlocking is connected, and each of the connecting mechanisms is connected to the drive frame.
Connected to the drive frame corresponding to the reciprocating movement of the frame
The movable frame reciprocates in the moving direction of the plant support.
And forward movement within the predetermined range of the movable frame
Only when the movable frame holds the plant support
Occupy the holding position to move in the same direction.
Configured to separate the movable frame from the plant support
A plant moving device characterized by being provided .