JP2023515147A - 優れた水及び酸安定性を有するクロムフリー水素化触媒 - Google Patents
優れた水及び酸安定性を有するクロムフリー水素化触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2023515147A JP2023515147A JP2022550960A JP2022550960A JP2023515147A JP 2023515147 A JP2023515147 A JP 2023515147A JP 2022550960 A JP2022550960 A JP 2022550960A JP 2022550960 A JP2022550960 A JP 2022550960A JP 2023515147 A JP2023515147 A JP 2023515147A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 29
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 17
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 39
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- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003991 Rietveld refinement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZBAGJPKGRJIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7h-purine-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=NC=C2NC=NC2=N1 ZZBAGJPKGRJIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910017610 Cu(NO3) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017767 Cu—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003303 NiAl2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GXDVEXJTVGRLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Cu] Chemical compound [Cr].[Cu] GXDVEXJTVGRLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JPNZKPRONVOMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;octadecanoic acid Chemical class [NH4+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O JPNZKPRONVOMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTYUEDCPRIMJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zirconium Chemical compound [Cu].[Zr] XTYUEDCPRIMJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/72—Copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
- C07C29/136—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH
- C07C29/14—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of a —CHO group
- C07C29/141—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of a —CHO group with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
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Abstract
Description
a) (i)銅化合物および任意の遷移金属化合物の水溶液Aと、(ii)アルカリ水溶液Bとを合わせて、沈殿物を形成する、ここで溶液Aおよび/または溶液Bは、さらに溶解アルミニウム化合物を含む、
b) 当該沈殿物を分離し、任意で当該沈殿物を洗浄する、
c) 当該沈殿物を乾燥し、乾燥沈殿物を得る、
d) ステップc)の当該乾燥沈殿物を、200~800℃の温度で30分~4時間、か焼する、
e) ステップd)のか焼沈殿物を成形して成形体を得る。
式中、AV=酸価、Volume consumed=水酸化テトラブチルアンモニウム溶液の消費量(mL)、c=水酸化テトラブチルアンモニウム溶液濃度、M=KOHのモル質量、および、Sample weight=サンプル試料溶液使用量(g)である。
4482 gのCu(NO3)2・2.5H2Oを3000 mLの純水に添加して、水溶液1を調製した。次いで、当混合溶液を3000 mLの硝酸(65重量%のHNO3)と混合した。当酸性溶液を、純水で総量23,300 mLにした。当溶液のpHは、-0.20であった。次いで、当溶液を80℃に加熱した。
実施例1で得られた1529 gのか焼粉末を、36 gのPural SCFバインダー、5 gの純水、および31 gのグラファイトと合わせ、10分間混合して、均質な混合物を得た。この混合物をまず圧密・造粒し、次いでKilian Pressimaタブレットプレスで、幅4.5 mmおよび高さ3 mmのタブレット型にプレスした。最後に、当タブレットを450℃で2時間か焼した。こうして得られた当タブレットのかさ密度は、1,111 g/lであり、当タブレットのサイドクラッシュ強度は198 Nであった。当触媒成形体に存在する銅の84%が、銅スピネルCuAl2O4の形であった。還元後の成形体中の銅の結晶子サイズは9.5 nmであった。細孔容積は、314 mm3/g、BET比表面積は、103 m2/gであった。
本発明の触媒2の製造のために、実施例1で得られた360 gのか焼粉末を7.2 gのグラファイトと合わせ、10分間混合し、均質な混合物を得た。この混合物をまず圧密・造粒し、次いでKilian Pressimaタブレットプレスで幅4.5 mmおよび高さ3 mmのタブレット型にプレスした。最後に、当タブレットを450℃で2時間か焼した。当タブレットのサイドクラッシュ強度は155 Nであった。
触媒Aは、銅およびクロム含有沈殿物を沈殿させ、それを熱処理によって酸化物形態に変換し、それを幅4.5 mmおよび高さ3 mmを有するタブレット型にプレスすることによって製造された。相対的重量割合は、強熱減量後の全重量に基づいて、Cu=37.5重量%、Cr=23.0重量%であった。
触媒Bを製造するために、1250 gのCu(NO3)2・3H2O、220 gのMn(NO3)2・4H2O、および1800 gのAl(NO3)3・9H2Oを9000 gの蒸留水に溶解し、水溶液1を準備した。1720 gのNa2CO3を7500 gの蒸留水に溶解することによって、水溶液2を準備した。二つの当溶液を、別々に、攪拌しながら80℃に加熱した。次いで、二つの当溶液を、連続的に撹拌しながら沈殿容器に計量供給した。得られた沈殿物をフィルターし、蒸留水で洗浄して、当洗浄水の導電率が0.25 mS未満になるまで、付着した不純物を除去した。次いで、フィルターケーキを乾燥させた。次いで、当乾燥粉末を750℃で3時間熱処理した。当タブレット中の相対的重量割合は、強熱減量後の全重量に基づいて、Cu=44.8重量%、Mn=7.0重量%、およびAl=17.92重量%であった。
触媒Cの粉末を、Mn(NO3)2・4H2Oの割合が、得られた粉末中のマンガンの重量割合が強熱減量後の重量に基づいて0.1重量%となるように選択されたこと以外は、触媒Bの粉末の製造方法に従って製造した。相対的重量割合は、強熱減量後の全重量に基づいて、Cu=49.7重量%、Mn=0.1重量%、Al=20.0重量%であった。このようにして得られた粉末1706 gを5 gの純水および34 gのグラファイトと合わせて、10分間混合して、均質な混合物を得た。この混合物を最初に圧密・造粒し、次いでKilian Pressimaタブレットプレスで圧縮して、幅4.5 mmおよび高さ3 mmを有するタブレット型にした。タブレット中の相対的重量割合は、強熱減量後の全重量に基づいて、Cu=49.7重量%、Mn=0.1重量%、およびAl=20.0重量%であった。得られたタブレットのかさ密度は1152 g/Lであった。
本発明の触媒1および比較触媒A、BおよびCについて、酸安定性を、それぞれ、タブレット型化、還元および安定化したサンプル試料の合計25 gを、75 gのオキソアルデヒド溶液、1重量%の水、および0.2 mgKOH/gsolutionの酸価からなる混合液と合わせて、測定した。この混合物を窒素雰囲気下で120℃で4日間加熱した。タブレット型のサンプル試料を、試験の最後に当液体混合物から分離した。その後直ちに、そのサイドクラッシュ強度を測定した。
還元かつ湿潤安定化された形態の本発明の触媒1を100 mLの体積で有する床を、反応器に導入し、窒素流下で120~180℃の範囲内の温度で、各温度反応時間として2日間、加熱した。次いで、45重量%のアルデヒド、25重量%の対応アルコール、および30重量%の副生成物(パラフィン、オレフィン、その他)を含有し、0.7重量%の含水量および0.2の酸価を有する液相を反応器に通した。
Claims (15)
- 強熱減量後の触媒成形体の総重量に基づいて、銅を17.5重量%~34.5重量%含有し、当該銅は、少なくとも70%、好ましくは70%~98%の範囲内、より好ましくは70%~95%の範囲内、さらにより好ましくは75%~90%の範囲内、最も好ましくは80%~90%の範囲内で銅スピネルCuAl2O4の形で存在することを特徴とするCu-Al触媒成形体。
- 前記銅が、強熱減量後の触媒成形体の総重量に基づいて、25.0~34.5重量%、好ましくは27.5~31重量%の割合で存在する、請求項1に記載の触媒成形体。
- 前記触媒成形体はタブレット型である、請求項1または2に記載の触媒成形体。
- サイドクラッシュ強度が、80~300N、好ましくは150~250N、より好ましくは170~230Nである、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の触媒成形体。
- 強熱減量後の触媒成形体の総重量に基づいて、Alを21.2重量%から、好ましくは21.8重量%から、より好ましくは24.9重量%から、より好ましくは29.0重量%から、さらにより好ましくは29.5重量%から、最も好ましくは30.1重量%から、38.3重量%まで、好ましくは36.9重量%まで、より好ましくは36.7重量%まで、より好ましくは36.4重量%まで、特に好ましくは35.1重量%まで、最も好ましくは34.7重量%まで含有する、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の触媒成形体。
- 前記触媒成形体中のCu/Al2原子比率は、1未満、好ましくは0.97未満、より好ましくは0.94未満である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の触媒成形体。
- 前記Cu/Al2の原子比率が、0.49より大きく1未満、好ましくは0.57より大きく0.97未満、より好ましくは0.58より大きく0.94未満、特に好ましくは0.79より大きく0.94未満である、請求項6に記載の触媒成形体。
- サイドクラッシュ強度が、80~300Nの範囲内、好ましくは150~250Nの範囲内、より好ましくは170~230Nの範囲内である、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の触媒成形体。
- BET比表面積が、20~150 m2/gの範囲内、好ましくは70~120 m2/gの範囲内である、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の触媒成形体。
- 以下のステップを含む:
a) (i)少なくとも1の、銅化合物、アルミニウム化合物、および任意の遷移金属化合物の水溶液Aと、(ii)少なくとも1のアルカリ水溶液Bとを合わせて、沈殿物を形成する、ここで、溶液Aおよび/または溶液Bは、さらに溶解アルミニウム化合物を含む、
b) 当該沈殿物を分離し、任意で当該沈殿物を洗浄する、
c) 当該沈殿物を乾燥し、乾燥沈殿物を得る、
d) ステップc)の乾燥沈殿物を、200~800℃の温度で30分~4時間、か焼する、
e) ステップd)のか焼沈殿物を成形して成形体を得る、
請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の触媒成形体の製造方法、
ここで、当該触媒成形体は、銅を、強熱減量後の触媒成形体に基づいて、17.5~34.5重量%、好ましくは25.0~34.5重量%、最も好ましくは27.5~31重量%の割合で含む。 - ステップe)で得られた当該成形体を、ステップf)において、200~800℃の温度で30分~4時間、好ましくは400~700℃の温度で1時間~3時間、熱処理する、請求項10に記載の製造方法。
- ステップe)における成形は、バインダーを用いて行われる、請求項10および11のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- ステップf)の後に、前記成形体を還元する、請求項10~12のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の触媒成形体、または請求項10~13のいずれかに記載の製造方法によって製造された触媒成形体を用いて、有機化合物中のカルボニル基を水素化する方法。
- オキソアルデヒドをオキソアルコールへ水素化する、請求項14に記載の方法。
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