JP2022020995A - 炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022020995A JP2022020995A JP2020124320A JP2020124320A JP2022020995A JP 2022020995 A JP2022020995 A JP 2022020995A JP 2020124320 A JP2020124320 A JP 2020124320A JP 2020124320 A JP2020124320 A JP 2020124320A JP 2022020995 A JP2022020995 A JP 2022020995A
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- silicon carbide
- gas
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- supply gas
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- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 117
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- VJBCNMFKFZIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;2-(4-methyl-5-oxo-4-propan-2-yl-1h-imidazol-2-yl)quinoline-3-carboxylate Chemical compound N.N1C(=O)C(C(C)C)(C)N=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C=C1C(O)=O VJBCNMFKFZIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SLLGVCUQYRMELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilicon Chemical compound Cl[Si] SLLGVCUQYRMELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH2]Cl MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法は、H2を含むエッチングガスを用いて炭化珪素基板の表面を第1の温度でエッチングするエッチング工程と、エッチング工程でエッチングされた表面を、H2ガスと第1のSi供給ガスと第1のC供給ガスとを含むガスを用いて第2の温度で平坦化する平坦化処理工程と、平坦化処理工程で平坦化された表面上に、第2のSi供給ガスと第2のC供給ガスとを含むガスを用いて第3の温度でエピタキシャル成長を行うエピタキシャル層成長工程と、を備え、第1の温度T1、第2の温度T2、第3の温度T3はT1>T2>T3を満たす。
【選択図】図3
Description
<A-1.炭化珪素エピタキシャル成長装置の構成>
まず、本実施の形態に係る炭化珪素エピタキシャル成長装置である炭化珪素エピタキシャル成長装置100の構成について説明する。
図2は、本実施の形態に係る炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法によって製造される炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハ20の模式的な断面図である。
本実施の形態に係る炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法について説明する。
ステップS2のH2ガスエッチング工程では、ステップS1の後、サセプター5内を所望の圧力まで減圧した後、炭化珪素基板1を加熱する。加熱は、サセプター5の外周に巻き回されている誘導加熱コイル4に電力を供給して行う。誘導加熱コイル4に電力を供給することにより、サセプター5、回転台2、およびウエハホルダー3は誘導加熱される。そして、炭化珪素基板1は、サセプター5の内壁等(回転台2がU字型のような形状の場合は、回転台2の側部も含む。)からの輻射熱及びウエハホルダー3からの伝導熱から加熱される。炭化珪素基板1が目的とする温度になったら、サセプター5内にH2ガスを供給しH2ガスエッチングを行う。
前述したように、炭化珪素基板1に存在する潜傷やインクルージョンを、<A-3-1.H2ガスエッチング>で説明したH2ガスエッチング工程によって取り除き、望ましくは無くすことができる。しかし、潜傷やインクルージョンは他の領域よりエッチングされ易いため、潜傷やインクルージョンがあった場所には表面に局所的に窪みが残る。H2ガスエッチング工程でエッチングされ窪みのある表面に炭化珪素エピタキシャル層を形成すると、窪みの部分がエピタキシャル成長で埋まらず残った場合、窪みを起点にして異常成長が起こり三角欠陥に変化する。ステップS3の平坦化処理工程で窪みを平坦化する処理を行った後にステップS4のエピタキシャル層成長工程を行うことで、三角欠陥の発生を抑制できる。ステップS3の平坦化処理工程は、本実施の形態ではステップS4のエピタキシャル層成長工程と処理温度や処理時間を除けば同じ処理条件であり、単に窪みが平坦化されるだけでなくエピタキシャル成長も起こり、炭化珪素エピタキシャル層12はステップS3の平坦化処理工程で形成された領域も含むとみなせる。ただし、以下に述べるようにステップS4のエピタキシャル層成長工程と比べ窪みを平坦化する目的で行うため、平坦化処理と呼ぶ。
次に、処理温度や処理時間を除きステップS3の平坦化処理工程と同じガス条件でステップS4のエピタキシャル層成長工程を行う。つまり、ステップS3の平坦化処理工程で平坦化された表面上に、ステップS3の平坦化処理工程と同じ種類のガスを用い同じ圧力でエピタキシャル成長を行い、炭化珪素エピタキシャル層12を形成する。
ステップS2のH2エッチング工程の処理温度T1、ステップS3の平坦化処理工程の処理温度T2、ステップS4のエピタキシャル層成長工程の処理温度T3はT1>T2>T3を満たす。これにより、本実施の形態の炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法は、三角欠陥の発生の抑制に適した炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法である。
ステップS4のエピタキシャル層成長工程までの処理で炭化珪素エピタキシャル層12を形成したあと、処理温度を上げて別のエピタキシャル成長を行い、炭化珪素エピタキシャル層12の表面上に別のエピタキシャル層(炭化珪素エピタキシャル層13とする)を形成してもよい。つまり、炭化珪素エピタキシャル層13を形成することにより、または、炭化珪素エピタキシャル層13の上にさらに別のエピタキシャル成長を行うことにより、炭化珪素基板1の上に複数のエピタキシャル層が形成された炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハを形成してもよい。
比較例1では、実施の形態の<A-3.炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法>で説明した図3のフローチャートの処理のうち、ステップS3の平坦化処理工程を行わずに、ステップS1、ステップS2、ステップS4、ステップS5をこの順に行い、炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハを製造した。本比較例のステップS2のH2ガスエッチング工程、ステップS4のエピタキシャル層成長工程の処理条件はそれぞれ、実施の形態での処理条件と同じである。
比較例2では、実施の形態の<A-3.炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法>で説明した図3のフローチャートの処理を、ステップS2のH2ガスエッチング工程の処理温度を、ステップS3の平坦化処理工程の温度と同じ1600℃に変えて行い、炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハを製造した。ステップS2のH2ガスエッチング工程の条件のうち、処理温度以外のガス流量や圧力などその他の条件は、実施の形態のステップS2のH2ガスエッチング工程と同じとした。本比較例のステップS3の平坦化処理工程およびステップS4のエピタキシャル層成長工程の処理条件はそれぞれ、実施の形態での処理条件と同じである。
比較例3では、実施の形態の<A-3.炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法>で説明した図3のフローチャートの処理を、ステップS4のエピタキシャル層成長工程の処理温度をステップS3no平坦化処理工程の処理温度と同じ1600℃に変えて行い、炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハを製造した。ステップS4のエピタキシャル層成長工程の条件のうち、処理温度以外のガス流量や圧力などその他の条件は、実施の形態と同じとした。本比較例のステップS2のH2ガスエッチング工程およびステップS3の平坦化処理工程の処理条件はそれぞれ、実施の形態での処理条件と同じである。
実施の形態および比較例1から3でそれぞれ作製された炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハを成長炉10から取り出し、炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハのエピタキシャル成長層の表面(エピタキシャル成長層の、炭化珪素基板1と逆側の主面)の三角欠陥の個数を、光学的表面欠陥評価装置を用いて評価した。
Claims (6)
- H2を含むエッチングガスを用いて炭化珪素基板の表面を第1の温度でエッチングするエッチング工程と、
前記エッチング工程でエッチングされた前記表面を、H2ガスと第1のSi供給ガスと第1のC供給ガスとを含むガスを用いて第2の温度で平坦化する平坦化処理工程と、
前記平坦化処理工程で平坦化された前記表面上に、第2のSi供給ガスと第2のC供給ガスとを含むガスを用いて第3の温度でエピタキシャル成長を行うエピタキシャル層成長工程と、
を備え、
前記第1の温度T1、前記第2の温度T2、前記第3の温度T3はT1>T2>T3を満たす、
炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載の炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法であって、
前記第1のSi供給ガスと前記第2のSi供給ガスは同じSi供給ガスであり、
前記第2のC供給ガスと前記第2のC供給ガスは同じC供給ガスである、
炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法であって、
前記第1のSi供給ガスはSiH4ガスであり、
前記第1のC供給ガスはC3H8ガスである、
炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法。 - 請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法であって、
前記第1の温度は1650℃以上1750℃以下、前記第2の温度は1550℃以上1680℃以下、前記第3の温度は1450℃以上1600℃以下である、
炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法。 - 請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法であって、
前記第2の温度T2と平坦化処理工程の処理時間tとが、T2≧-34.1ln(t)+1687を満たす、
炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法。 - 請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法であって、
三角欠陥密度が0.1ヶ/cm2以下の炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハを製造する、
炭化珪素エピタキシャルウエハの製造方法。
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