JP2021514004A - 昆虫病原性糸状菌を用いた害虫の防除のための材料と方法 - Google Patents
昆虫病原性糸状菌を用いた害虫の防除のための材料と方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
Description
本出願は2018年2月26日に出願された米国仮出願第62/635,247号の優先度を主張し、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本明細書中で使用される場合、「微生物ベースの組成物」とは、微生物又は他の細胞培養物の増殖の結果として生成された成分を含む組成物を意味する。したがって、微生物ベースの組成物は、微生物自体及び/又は微生物増殖の副生成物を含む。微生物は、栄養状態、胞子形成、菌糸形成、任意の他の形態の繁殖体、又はこれらの混合物であり得る。微生物は、プランクトン、バイオフィルム形態、又は両方の混合物であってもよい。増殖の副生成物は、例えば、代謝産物、細胞膜成分、発現タンパク質、及び/又は他の細胞成分である。微生物は、無傷であっても溶解されていてもよい。ある実施形態において、微生物は微生物ベースの組成物中に、それらが増殖された培地と共に存在する。細胞は例えば、組成物1ミリリットル当たり、1×104、1×105、1×106、1×107、1×108、1×109、1×1010、1×1011、1×1012又は1×1013以上のCFUの濃度で存在し得る。
本発明は、殺虫組成物、及び害虫、特に、節足動物を防除するための組成物を使用する方法を提供する。具体的には、本発明は、害虫を防除し、植物及び植物の一部を有害な害虫から保護するための、真菌ベースの殺虫組成物及び方法を提供する。
一実施形態において、本発明は、本発明による殺虫組成物を害虫と接触させる、害虫の防除方法を提供する。好ましい実施形態において、害虫は、節足動物害虫、例えば昆虫である。
本方法は、作物、庭、芝生、家庭、温室などに寄生する節足動物害虫を防除するために使用することができる。特定の実施形態において、害虫は昆虫である。
本明細書中で使用される用語「植物」は、木、オーナメント又は装飾、作物又は穀類、果実植物又は野菜植物、花又は樹木、巨大藻類又は微細藻類、植物プランクトン及び光合成藻類(例えば、緑藻類Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)の任意の種類を含むが、これらに限定されない。「植物」はまた、単細胞植物(例えば、微細藻類)及びコロニー(例えば、ボルボックス)又は植物の発育の任意の段階に存在する構造に大きく分化される複数の植物細胞を含む。そのような構造には、果実、種、シュート、茎、葉、根、花弁などが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。植物は、例えば、1本の庭木であっても、又は、例えば、果樹園、作物又は牧草地の一部にある多くの植物のうちの1つであってもよい。
本発明は、微生物の培養及び微生物代謝産物及び/又は微生物増殖のその他副生成物の製造のための方法を利用する。本発明はさらに、所望の規模での微生物の培養及び微生物代謝産物の生成に適した培養プロセスを利用する。これらの培養プロセスには、これらに限られるものではないが、浸漬培養/発酵、固相発酵(SSF)、及び変性、ハイブリッド、及び/又はそれらの組み合わせが含まれる。
好ましい実施形態において、本発明は、新規形態の固体発酵又はマトリックス発酵を用いて、微生物及び/又は微生物増殖副生成物を培養する方法を提供する。利点を上げると、培養方法を、スケールアップしたり、サイズダウンできることである。特筆すべき点は、本方法は、商業的用途、例えば、農業に適した量で微生物ベースの生成物を供給することができるスケールを意味する工業的スケールにスケール変更することができる。
一実施形態において、本方法で利用される発酵反応器は、4つの垂直な壁、床、及び天井を有する、大きく、湿気密封され、熱安定性の密閉空間を含む。壁は、任意で、1つ又は複数の窓及び/又はドアを備える。この耐熱性エンクロージャは、例えば、プルーフィングオーブン発酵反応器内に存在するであろう環境を、大規模に再現することができる。
本発明の1つの微生物ベースの生成物は単に、微生物及び/又は微生物によって生成される微生物代謝産物及び/又は任意の残留栄養素を含有する基質である。固体基質、微生物、及び/又は副生成物を採取すると、生成物をホモジナイズし、任意で、例えば、貯蔵タンク内で水に溶解することができる。ある実施形態において、水に溶解する前に、生成物は、例えば、噴霧乾燥又は凍結乾燥を用いて乾燥することができる。乾燥した生成物は、貯蔵することもできる。
本発明の特定の実施形態において、微生物増殖施設は、所望のスケールで、新鮮な高密度の微生物及び/又は目的の微生物増殖副生成物を生成する。微生物増殖施設は、適用部位又はその近くに位置してもよい。この施設は、バッチ培養、準連続培養、又は連続培養で、高密度の微生物ベースの組成物を生産する。
本発明及びさらなる理解と多くの利点は、例示として与えられる以下の実施例から得られる。以下の実施例は、本発明の方法、用途、実施形態及び変形のいくつかを例示するものであ。それらは、本発明を限定するものと見なされるべきではない。本発明に関して、多くの変更及び修正を行うことができる。
Metarhizium anisopliaeを、初期含水量が約50%に固定された米ふすまと米殻との混合物を含む培地を用いた固相発酵によって増殖させた。培地を、基準プルーフィングオーブン(すなわち、市販のベーカーに用いられる)に適合した金属トレイに広げた。次いで、発酵を、27±1℃の温度でプルーフィングオーブン中で行った。発酵時間は12〜14日であった。
1×107の分生子/gの濃度のBeauveria bassianaの播種培養物を、3%トウモロコシ粉、2%米ぬか、及び2%トウモロコシ浸漬粉末培地中で2日間増殖させた。
Claims (24)
- 1種以上の昆虫病原性糸状菌、キチナーゼ誘導物質、及び研磨物質を含む、殺虫組成物。
- 前記1種以上の昆虫病原性糸状菌は、Metarhizium anisopliae及びBeauveria bassianaから選択される、請求項1に記載の殺虫組成物。
- M.anisopliaeとB.bassianaの両方を含む、請求項2に記載の殺虫組成物。
- 前記キチナーゼ誘導物質は、キチン及びはカイコの結晶から選択される、請求項1に記載の殺虫組成物。
- 前記研磨物質は、珪藻土である、請求項1に記載の殺虫組成物。
- 抗凝固物質をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の殺虫組成物。
- 前記抗凝固物質は、血リンパ系抗凝固物質を含む、請求項6に記載の殺虫組成物。
- 前記血リンパ系抗凝固物質は、アスコルビン酸及びフェニルチオ尿素から選択される、請求項7に記載の殺虫組成物。
- 0.1%までの血リンパ系抗凝固物質を含む、請求項7に記載の殺虫組成物。
- 1種以上の昆虫病原性糸状菌、キチナーゼ誘導物質、及び研磨物質を、、節足動物害虫と接触させることを含む、節足動物害虫を防除する方法。
- 前記節足動物害虫は、昆虫害虫である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記節足動物害虫は、疾病媒介生物である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記1種以上の昆虫病原性糸状菌は、Metarhizium anisopliae及びBeauveria bassianaから選択される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記キチナーゼ誘導物質は、キチン及びカイコの結晶から選択される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記研磨物質は、珪藻土である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 抗凝固物質を前記害虫と接触させることをさらに含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記抗凝固物質は、血リンパ系抗凝固物質を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記血リンパ系抗凝固物質は、アスコルビン酸、フェニルチオ尿素、及びこの組み合わせから選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記殺虫組成物を、前記害虫と接触させることは、前記害虫が横断、静止、沈降、交配、産卵、及び/又は摂食する表面に、前記殺虫組成物を塗布することを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記表面は、植物又は植物の一部である、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記殺虫組成物を、前記害虫と接触させることは、前記組成物を、噴霧又は散布により、前記害虫に直接塗布することを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 植物、動物及び/又はヒトにおける害虫媒介疾病の広がり又は発生を、阻害、防止及び/又は減少させるために使用する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 害虫によって引き起こされる植物への損傷及び疾病を、阻害、防止及び/又は減少させるために使用する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記殺虫組成物を、前記害虫と接触させることは、前記組成物を、誘引化学物質、フェロモン、及び/又は視覚的誘引を有する昆虫トラップに塗布することを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
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2019
- 2019-02-26 EP EP19756691.2A patent/EP3758497A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-02-26 KR KR1020207027379A patent/KR20200116531A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-02-26 MX MX2020008885A patent/MX2020008885A/es unknown
- 2019-02-26 BR BR112020017450-5A patent/BR112020017450A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2019-02-26 AU AU2019225229A patent/AU2019225229A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2019-02-26 JP JP2020544780A patent/JP2021514004A/ja active Pending
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JPH1067613A (ja) * | 1996-08-27 | 1998-03-10 | Nitto Denko Corp | 昆虫病原性糸状菌を用いた害虫駆除方法およびこれに用いる害虫駆除用製剤 |
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AU2019225229A1 (en) | 2020-09-24 |
US11963528B2 (en) | 2024-04-23 |
KR20200116531A (ko) | 2020-10-12 |
US20200390106A1 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
MX2020008885A (es) | 2020-10-05 |
EP3758497A1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
BR112020017450A2 (pt) | 2020-12-22 |
CL2020002185A1 (es) | 2021-01-29 |
CA3092099A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
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