JP2020047625A - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020047625A JP2020047625A JP2018172380A JP2018172380A JP2020047625A JP 2020047625 A JP2020047625 A JP 2020047625A JP 2018172380 A JP2018172380 A JP 2018172380A JP 2018172380 A JP2018172380 A JP 2018172380A JP 2020047625 A JP2020047625 A JP 2020047625A
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Abstract
Description
なお、図面は模式的または概念的なものであり、各部分の厚みと幅との関係、部分間の大きさの比率などは、必ずしも現実のものと同一とは限らない。また、同じ部分を表す場合であっても、図面により互いの寸法や比率が異なって表される場合もある。
また、本願明細書と各図において、既に説明したものと同様の要素には同一の符号を付して詳細な説明は適宜省略する。
以下の説明において、n+、n、n−及びp+、pの表記は、各導電形における不純物濃度の相対的な高低を表す。すなわち、「+」が付されている表記は、「+」及び「−」のいずれも付されていない表記よりも不純物濃度が相対的に高く、「−」が付されている表記は、いずれも付されていない表記よりも不純物濃度が相対的に低いことを示す。これらの表記は、それぞれの領域にp形不純物とn形不純物の両方が含まれている場合には、それらの不純物が補償しあった後の正味の不純物濃度の相対的な高低を表す。
以下で説明する各実施形態について、各半導体領域のp形とn形を反転させて各実施形態を実施してもよい。
図1に表した第1実施形態に係る半導体装置100は、MOSFETである。第1実施形態に係る半導体装置100、n−形(第1導電形)ドリフト領域1(第1半導体領域)、p形(第2導電形)ベース領域2(第2半導体領域)、n+形ソース領域3(第3半導体領域)、p+形コンタクト領域4、n+形ドレイン領域5、絶縁部10(第1絶縁部)、絶縁部20(第2絶縁部)、導電部30、ゲート電極40、ゲート絶縁部50、絶縁部51、ドレイン電極61(第1電極)、及びソース電極62(第2電極)を有する。
図2は、第1実施形態に係る半導体装置の一部を表す断面図である。
図2に表したように、ゲート電極40は、第1部分41、第2部分42、及び第3部分43を有する。
ソース電極62に対してドレイン電極61に正の電圧が印加された状態で、ゲート電極40に閾値以上の電圧を印加する。これにより、p形ベース領域2のゲート絶縁部50近傍の領域にチャネル(反転層)が形成され、半導体装置100がオン状態となる。電子は、このチャネルを通ってソース電極62からドレイン電極61へ流れる。その後、ゲート電極40に印加される電圧が閾値よりも低くなると、p形ベース領域2におけるチャネルが消滅し、半導体装置100がオフ状態になる。
n−形ドリフト領域1、p形ベース領域2、n+形ソース領域3、p+形コンタクト領域4、及びn+形ドレイン領域5は、半導体材料として、シリコン、炭化シリコン、窒化ガリウム、またはガリウムヒ素を含む。半導体材料としてシリコンが用いられる場合、n形不純物として、ヒ素、リン、またはアンチモンを用いることができる。p形不純物として、ボロンを用いることができる。
導電部30及びゲート電極40は、ポリシリコンなどの導電材料を含む。導電材料には、不純物が添加されていても良い。
絶縁部10、絶縁部20、ゲート絶縁部50、及び絶縁部51は、酸化シリコンなどの絶縁材料を含む。絶縁部20は、リン又はボロンなどの不純物を含んでいても良い。絶縁部10は、不純物を含んでいても良いし、含んでいなくても良い。例えば、絶縁部20におけるボロンの濃度は、絶縁部10におけるボロンの濃度よりも高く、ゲート絶縁部50におけるボロンの濃度よりも高い。
ドレイン電極61及びソース電極62は、アルミニウムなどの金属を含む。
図3〜図6は、第1実施形態に係る半導体装置の製造方法を表す工程断面図である。
図7(a)は、参考例に係る半導体装置の一部を表す断面図である。図7(b)は、第1実施形態に係る半導体装置の一部を表す断面図である。
一般的に、半導体装置100の耐圧時において、n−形ドリフト領域1とp形ベース領域2との間の界面には、第1絶縁部10の下端近傍よりも大きな電界が発生する。上記隙間を小さくすることで、耐圧時の半導体装置100内部の電位分布において、導電部30とゲート電極40との間での電位の低下を小さくできる。これらの間での電位の低下が小さくなると、その分第1絶縁部10下端近傍の電位が上昇して電界強度が大きくなる。第1絶縁部10下端近傍の電界強度が大きくなると、n−形ドリフト領域1とp形ベース領域2との間の界面に加わる電界強度が小さくなり、半導体装置100の耐圧を向上させることができる。
図8(a)、図8(b)、図9(a)、及び図9(b)は、第1実施形態に係る半導体装置の一部を表す断面図である。
図10は、第1実施形態の変形例に係る半導体装置を表す断面図である。
図10に表した半導体装置110は、ゲート電極40の第2部分42の形状が、図1及び図2に表した半導体装置100と異なる。
図13は、第2実施形態に係る半導体装置を表す斜視断面図である。
図13に表した第2実施形態に係る半導体装置200は、IGBTである。半導体装置200は、n+形ドレイン領域5に代えてp+形コレクタ領域6及びn形バッファ領域7を有する。また、半導体装置200では、ドレイン電極61及びソース電極62がそれぞれコレクタ電極及びエミッタ電極として機能する。
また、各半導体領域における不純物濃度については、例えば、SIMS(二次イオン質量分析法)により測定することが可能である。
Claims (7)
- 第1電極と、
前記第1電極の上に設けられ、前記第1電極と電気的に接続された第1導電形の第1半導体領域と、
前記第1半導体領域の上に設けられた第2導電形の第2半導体領域と、
前記第2半導体領域の上に選択的に設けられた第1導電形の第3半導体領域と、
前記第1半導体領域中に第1絶縁部を介して設けられた導電部と、
前記第1電極から前記第1半導体領域に向かう第1方向において前記導電部から離れたゲート電極あって、
前記導電部の上に第2絶縁部を介して設けられ、下面が前記第2半導体領域と前記第3半導体領域との界面の下端よりも上方に位置する第1部分と、
前記第1方向に垂直な第2方向において、前記第1半導体領域、前記第2半導体領域、及び前記第3半導体領域とゲート絶縁部を介して対向する第2部分と、
を有し、前記第2部分の前記第2方向における位置は前記第1部分の前記第2方向における位置と前記第2半導体領域の前記第2方向における位置との間にある、前記ゲート電極と、
前記第2半導体領域及び前記第3半導体領域の上に設けられ、前記導電部、前記第2半導体領域、及び前記第3半導体領域と電気的に接続された第2電極と、
を備えた半導体装置。 - 前記導電部の上面は、前記第1半導体領域と前記第2半導体領域との間の界面よりも上方に位置する請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ゲート電極の上面は、前記第1方向に向けて凸状に設けられた請求項1又は2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1部分の上面は、前記第3半導体領域の上面よりも上方に位置する請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2部分の下面は、前記第2部分から前記第1部分に向けて上方へ傾斜した請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ゲート電極は、第3電極部分をさらに有し、
前記第3電極部分の前記第2方向における位置は、前記第1電極部分の前記第2方向における位置と、前記第2電極部分の前記第2方向における位置と、の間にあり、
前記第3電極部分の下面は、前記第1半導体領域と前記第2半導体領域との間の界面よりも上方に位置し、且つ前記第2半導体領域と前記第3半導体領域との間の界面の下端よりも下方に位置し、
前記第2電極部分の前記第2方向における長さは、前記第1電極部分の前記第2方向における長さよりも短く、前記第3電極部分の前記第2方向における長さよりも短い請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2部分の下面の一部は、前記第2部分から前記第1部分に向けて下方へ傾斜し、
前記第2部分の下面の別の一部は、前記第2部分の下面の前記一部よりも前記第1部分側に位置し、前記第2部分から前記第1部分に向けて上方へ傾斜した請求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載の半導体装置。
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