JP2019517511A - 腫瘍を処置する方法において使用するための抗pd−1抗体 - Google Patents
腫瘍を処置する方法において使用するための抗pd−1抗体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、対象に抗プログラム死−1(PD−1)抗体を投与することを含む、腫瘍を処置する方法に関し、ここで、腫瘍はPD−L1および/または野生型STK11を発現する。
ヒト癌は多数の遺伝的および後成的改変を抱え、免疫系により認識され得る可能性のあるネオ抗原を産生する(Sjoblom et al., (2006) Science 314:268-74)。TおよびBリンパ球からなる適応免疫系は、多様な腫瘍抗原に応答する広い能力および精巧な特異性を備え、強力な抗癌能を有する。さらに、免疫系は、相当な柔軟性および記憶成分を示す。適応免疫系の全てのこれらの特質の利用の成功は、免疫療法を全癌処置モダリティの中で特別のものとする。
本発明は、(i)プログラム死リガンド1(PD−L1)の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が汎発性パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象にプログラム死−1(PD−1)受容体に特異的に結合し、PD−1活性を阻害する抗体またはその抗原結合部分(“抗PD−1抗体”)を投与することを含む、腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法を提供する。ある態様において、本発明は、(i)PD−L1の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が不均一パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象に抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含む、腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法を提供する。他の態様において、本発明は、(i)PD−L1の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が腫瘍−間質界面パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象に抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含む、腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法を提供する。他の態様において、本発明は、(i)PD−L1の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が汎発性パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象に抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含む、抗PD−1抗体処置に適する腫瘍を有する対象を同定する方法を提供する。さらに他の態様において、本発明は、(i)PD−L1の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が不均一パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象に抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含む、抗PD−1抗体処置に適する腫瘍を有する対象を同定する方法を提供する。ある実施態様において、ここに記載する方法は、投与前にSTK11を発現する腫瘍を有するとして患者を同定することをさらに含む。
E1. (i)プログラム死リガンド1(PD−L1)の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が汎発性パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象にプログラム死−1(PD−1)受容体に特異的に結合し、PD−1活性を阻害する抗体またはその抗原結合部分(“抗PD−1抗体”)を投与することを含む、腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法。
(a)約4mg〜約500mgの範囲の抗PD−1抗体の1投与量;および
(b)実施態様E1〜E54のいずれかの方法において抗PD−1抗体を使用するための指示
を含む、キット。
本発明は、(i)プログラム死リガンド1(PD−L1)の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が汎発性パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象にプログラム死−1(PD−1)受容体に特異的に結合し、PD−1活性を阻害する抗体またはその抗原結合部分(“抗PD−1抗体”)を投与することを含む、腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法に関する。他の態様において、本発明は、(i)STK11陽性腫瘍を有する対象を同定し、そして(ii)対象に抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含む、腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法に関する。ある実施態様において、腫瘍はNSCLCに由来する。
本発明がより容易に理解され得るために、いくつかの用語をまず定義する。本明細書で使用する限り、本明細書において他に明示的に示されていない限り、次の用語の各々は下記意味を有する。さらなる定義は本明細書を通して示される。
本発明は、(i)プログラム死リガンド1(PD−L1)の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が汎発性パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象にプログラム死−1(PD−1)受容体に特異的に結合し、PD−1活性を阻害する抗体またはその抗原結合部分(“抗PD−1抗体”)を投与することを含む、腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法を提供する。ある態様において、本発明は、(i)PD−L1の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が不均一パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象に抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含む、腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法を提供する。他の態様において、本発明は、(i)PD−L1の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が腫瘍−間質界面パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象に抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含む、腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法を提供する。他の態様において、本発明は、(i)PD−L1の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が汎発性パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象に抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含む、抗PD−1抗体処置に適する腫瘍を有する対象を同定する方法を提供する。さらに他の態様において、本発明は、(i)PD−L1の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が不均一パターンのPD−L1発現を示すならば、対象に抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含む、抗PD−1抗体処置に適する腫瘍を有する対象を同定する方法を提供する。ある実施態様において、ここに記載する方法は、投与前にSTK11を発現する腫瘍を有するとして患者を同定することをさらに含む。
ヒストスコア=[(%腫瘍×1(低強度))+(%腫瘍×2(中強度))+(%腫瘍×3(高強度)]
高親和性でPD−1に特異的に結合するヒトモノクローナル抗体は、米国特許8,008,449に開示されている。その他抗PD−1モノクローナル抗体は、例えば、米国特許6,808,710、7,488,802、8,168,757および8,354,509およびPCT公開WO2012/145493に開示されている。米国特許8,008,449に開示の抗PD−1ヒトモノクローナル抗体の各々は、次の特徴の1以上を示すことが示されている:(a)Biacoreバイオセンサーシステムを使用する表面プラズモン共鳴により決定して、ヒトPD−1に1×10−7M以下のKDで結合する、(b)ヒトCD28、CTLA−4またはICOSに実質的に結合しない;(c)混合リンパ球反応(MLR)アッセイにおいてT細胞増殖を増加させる;(d)MLRアッセイにおいてインターフェロン−γ産生を増加させる;(e)MLRアッセイにおいてIL−2分泌を増加させる;(f)ヒトPD−1およびカニクイザルPD−1に結合する;(g)PD−L1および/またはPD−L2のPD−1への結合を阻害する;(h)抗原特異的記憶応答を刺激する;(i)抗体応答を刺激する;および(j)インビボで腫瘍細胞増殖を阻害する。本発明において使用可能な抗PD−1抗体は、ヒトPD−1に特異的に結合し、前記特性の少なくとも1つ、ある実施態様において、少なくとも5つを示す、モノクローナル抗体を含む。ある実施態様において、抗PD−1抗体はニボルマブである。ある実施態様において、抗PD−1抗体はペンブロリズマブである。
種々のタイプの癌に対する標準治療治療剤は、当業者に周知である。例えば、米国の21の主要癌センターの同盟である全米総合癌センターネットワーク(NCCN)は、多様な癌の標準治療処置に関する詳細な最新情報を提供するNCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology(NCCN GUIDELINES(登録商標))を発行している(NCCN GUIDELINES(登録商標)(2014)参照、www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/f_guidelines.aspから入手可能、最終アクセス2014年5月14日)。
複数ラインの標的化治療で進行している患者に対する有効な薬剤ならびに現在の標準処置を超えて生存を伸ばす治療に対する明らかな必要性がある。免疫療法、特にCTLA−4、PD−1およびPD−L1阻害性経路を含む免疫チェックポイントの遮断を含む新しい試みは、最近見込みがあることが示されている(Creelan et al. (2014) Cancer Control 21(1):80-89)。しかしながら、免疫療法により応答するであろう患者の同定、特に抗PD−1または抗PD−L1抗体治療に応答する可能性が高い患者の同定に対する必要性が残っている。
本発明の治療剤は、1以上の抗体および薬学的に許容される担体を含む組成物、例えば、医薬組成物に構成され得る。ここで使用する“薬学的に許容される担体”は、生理学的に適合性である、任意かつ全ての溶媒、分散媒体、コーティング、抗細菌および抗真菌剤、等張および吸収遅延剤などを含む。ある実施態様において、抗体含有組成物のための担体は、静脈内、筋肉内、皮下、非経腸、脊髄または上皮投与(例えば、注射または点滴による)に適する。医薬本発明の組成物は、1以上の薬学的に許容される塩、抗酸化剤、水性および非水性担体および/または防腐剤、湿潤剤、乳化剤および分散剤などのアジュバントを含み得る。
また本発明の範囲内であるのは、抗PD−1抗体または抗PD−L1抗体を含むキットである。キットは、一般に、キットの中身の意図される使用および使用指示を示すラベルを含む。用語ラベルは、キット上にまたはキットと共にまたは他の方法でキットに付随するあらゆる書面または記録媒体を含む。従って、本発明は、腫瘍を有する対象を処置するためのキットを提供し、該キットは(a)約4mg〜約500mgの抗PD−1抗体の範囲の一投与量;および(b)ここに記載する何れかの方法において抗PD−1抗体を使用するための指示を含む。ヒト患者処置のためのある実施態様において、キットは、ここに開示する抗ヒトPD−1抗体、例えば、ニボルマブまたはペンブロリズマブを含む。ある実施態様において、キットは、さらに抗PD−L1抗体および/または抗STK11抗体を含む。他の実施態様において、キットは、さらに腫瘍サンプルおいてPD−L1および/またはSTK11発現を検出するための指示を含む。
ニボルマブ応答のバイオマーカーとしてのSTK11変異
PD−L1は、NSCLC腫瘍、例えば、市販NSCLC腫瘍において、種々の発現パターンで発現される(図1A〜1D)。これらのパターンを、それぞれ汎発性、不均一、腫瘍−間質界面および陰性とした。PD−L1発現パターンは、機構仮説と関連させ得る。例えば、汎発性パターンを有する腫瘍において、PD−L1の発現は、変異による駆動ではなく、発癌性シグナル伝達経路における9p24増幅により駆動される。腫瘍−間質界面パターンを有する腫瘍において、上皮間葉転換(EMT)の代わりに適応抵抗性がある。
Claims (15)
- 腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法に使用するためのプログラム死−1(PD−1)受容体に特異的に結合し、PD−1活性を阻害する抗体またはその抗原結合部分(“抗PD−1抗体”)であって、該方法が(i)腫瘍におけるPD−L1の発現パターンを決定し、そして(ii)腫瘍が汎発性PD−L1発現パターンを示すならば、腫瘍が腫瘍間質界面PD−L1発現パターンを示すならばおよび/または腫瘍が不均一PD−L1発現パターンを示すならば、該抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含むものである、抗PD−1抗体。
- 腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法に使用するための抗PD−1抗体であって、該方法が腫瘍が腫瘍間質界面PD−L1発現パターンを示すならばおよび/または腫瘍が不均一PD−L1発現パターンを示すならば、対象に該抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含むものである、抗PD−1抗体。
- 方法が抗PD−1抗体投与前に患者をSTK11を発現する腫瘍(“STK11陽性腫瘍”)として同定することをさらに含む、請求項1または2に記載の使用のための抗PD−1抗体。
- 腫瘍を有する対象を処置する方法に使用するための抗PD−1抗体であって、該方法が対象に抗PD−1抗体を投与することを含み、ここで、腫瘍がSTK11陽性腫瘍であるものである、抗PD−1抗体。
- STK11が野生型STK11である、請求項3または4に記載の使用のための抗PD−1抗体。
- 腫瘍が肺癌、所望により小細胞肺癌(SCLC)または非小細胞性肺癌(NSCLC)に由来する、請求項1〜5の何れかに記載の使用のための抗PD−1抗体。
- (i)汎発性PD−L1発現パターンが約60〜約500、約80〜約480、約100〜約460、約120〜約440、約140〜約420、約160〜約400、約180〜約380、約200〜約360、約200〜約340、約200〜約320または約200〜約300のPD−L1 Hスコアにより特徴付けられる;(ii)汎発性PD−L1発現パターンが少なくとも約60、少なくとも約70、少なくとも約80、少なくとも約90、少なくとも約100、少なくとも約110、少なくとも約120、少なくとも約130、少なくとも約140、少なくとも約150、少なくとも約160、少なくとも約170、少なくとも約180、少なくとも約190、少なくとも約200、少なくとも約225、少なくとも約250、少なくとも約275または少なくとも約300のPD−L1 Hスコアにより特徴付けられる;(iii)不均一PD−L1発現パターンが約1〜約50、約5〜約45、約10〜約40または約15〜約35のPD−L1 Hスコアにより特徴付けられ、ここで、PD−L1発現は腫瘍の1以上の異なる部位に制限されている;または(iv)不均一PD−L1発現パターンが少なくとも約5、少なくとも約10、少なくとも約15、少なくとも約20、少なくとも約25、少なくとも約30、少なくとも約35または少なくとも約40のPD−L1 Hスコアにより特徴付けられる、請求項1〜6の何れかに記載の使用のための抗PD−1抗体。
- 腫瘍が少なくとも約1%、少なくとも約2%、少なくとも約3%、少なくとも約4%、少なくとも約5%、少なくとも約10%、少なくとも約15%、少なくとも約20%、少なくとも約25%、少なくとも約30%、少なくとも約35%、少なくとも約40%、少なくとも約45%、少なくとも約50%、少なくとも約55%、少なくとも約60%、少なくとも約65%、少なくとも約70%、少なくとも約75%、少なくとも約80%、少なくとも約85%、少なくとも約90%、少なくとも約95%または約100%のPD−L1を発現する腫瘍細胞を有することにより特徴付けられる、請求項1〜7の何れかに記載の使用のための抗PD−1抗体。
- STK11陽性腫瘍が少なくとも約1%、少なくとも約2%、少なくとも約3%、少なくとも約4%、少なくとも約5%、少なくとも約10%、少なくとも約15%、少なくとも約20%、少なくとも約25%、少なくとも約30%、少なくとも約35%、少なくとも約40%、少なくとも約45%、少なくとも約50%、少なくとも約55%、少なくとも約60%、少なくとも約65%、少なくとも約70%、少なくとも約75%、少なくとも約80%、少なくとも約85%、少なくとも約90%、少なくとも約95%または約100%のSTK11を発現する腫瘍細胞を有することにより特徴付けられる、請求項1〜8の何れかに記載の使用のための抗PD−1抗体。
- 腫瘍が高度の炎症を示す、請求項1〜9の何れかに記載の使用のための抗PD−1抗体。
- (i)抗PD−1抗体がヒトPD−1への結合についてニボルマブと交差競合する、(ii)抗PD−1抗体がニボルマブと同じエピトープに結合する、(iii)抗PD−1抗体がニボルマブであるまたは(iv)抗PD−1抗体がニボルマブである、請求項1〜10の何れかに記載の使用のための抗PD−1抗体。
- (i)抗PD−1抗体が約1週、2週または3週に1回、少なくとも約0.1mg/kg〜少なくとも約10.0mg/kg体重の範囲の用量で投与されるまたは(ii)抗PD−1抗体が少なくとも約3mg/kg体重の用量で、約2週に1回投与される、請求項1〜11の何れかに記載の使用のための抗PD−1抗体。
- 抗PD−1抗体が、所望により、約1週、2週、3週または4週に1回の、少なくとも約200mg、少なくとも約220mg、少なくとも約240mg、少なくとも約260mg、少なくとも約280mg、少なくとも約300mg、少なくとも約320mg、少なくとも約340mg、少なくとも約360mg、少なくとも約380mg、少なくとも約400mg、少なくとも約420mg、少なくとも約440mg、少なくとも約460mg、少なくとも約480mg、少なくとも約500mgまたは少なくとも約550mgの均一用量で投与される、請求項1〜11の何れかに記載の使用のための抗PD−1抗体。
- (i)投与が腫瘍のサイズを投与前の腫瘍サイズと比較して、所望により少なくとも約10%、約20%、約30%、約40%または約50%減少させる;(ii)投与が初期投与後少なくとも約1か月、少なくとも約2か月、少なくとも約3か月、少なくとも約4か月、少なくとも約5か月、少なくとも約6か月、少なくとも約7か月、少なくとも約8か月、少なくとも約9か月、少なくとも約10か月、少なくとも約11か月、少なくとも約1年、少なくとも約18か月、少なくとも約2年、少なくとも約3年、少なくとも約4年または少なくとも約5年の無進行生存を提供する;(iii)投与が投与後疾患安定をもたらす;(iv)投与が投与後部分奏効をもたらす;または(v)投与が投与後完全奏功をもたらす、請求項1〜13の何れかに記載の使用のための抗PD−1抗体。
- (a)約4mg〜約500mgの範囲のプログラム死−1(PD−1)受容体に特異的に結合し、PD−1活性を阻害する抗体またはその抗原結合部分の1投与量(“抗PD−1抗体”);および
(b)請求項1〜14の何れかに従い、抗PD−1抗体を使用するための指示
を含む、キット。
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WO2017210624A1 (en) | 2017-12-07 |
JP2022188071A (ja) | 2022-12-20 |
KR20230118713A (ko) | 2023-08-11 |
US20220315657A1 (en) | 2022-10-06 |
KR20190015408A (ko) | 2019-02-13 |
EP3464369A1 (en) | 2019-04-10 |
US20200325226A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
CN109476753A (zh) | 2019-03-15 |
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