JP2019193435A - Power unit of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A power supply device for an electric vehicle capable of operating a main controller and a high-voltage contactor by an external small-scale power supply even when an auxiliary battery cannot operate a high-voltage contactor due to overdischarge. I will provide a. A sub-controller of a power supply device of an electric vehicle causes a low-voltage contactor to shut off an auxiliary battery when a small-scale external power supply is connected to a terminal, operates a low-voltage converter, and causes a main capacitor to operate. The main controller is operated after the electric charge for operating the controller and the high-voltage contactor is stored, while the main controller operates the high-voltage converter after connecting the driving battery to the high-voltage converter to the high-voltage contactor. Let [Selection diagram]

Description

  The present disclosure relates to a power supply device for an electric vehicle that enables the electric vehicle to be started by an external small-scale power supply when the electric vehicle cannot be started due to overdischarge of an auxiliary battery.

Patent Document 1 discloses an auxiliary battery power supply device mounted on an electric vehicle that travels using electric power. Such an auxiliary battery power supply device includes an auxiliary battery for storing auxiliary electric power for an electric vehicle, and external electric power supplied from an external power source via a charging cable connected to a charging port of the electric vehicle. A converter that converts the power into a power supply to supply to the auxiliary battery, a circuit that supplies external power from the charging cable to the converter, and an open / close switch that turns on / off the connection of the circuit based on a user operation; The control part which operates using and performs the control process of an electric vehicle, and the starting switch which receives starting operation of the control part by a user are provided. The auxiliary battery power supply apparatus supplies both external power to the converter when the open / close switch and the start switch are both on, and the amount of power stored in the auxiliary battery is less than the startable power amount of the electric vehicle. The controller is activated by setting the amount of power stored in the auxiliary battery to be greater than or equal to the electric power that can be activated by the electric vehicle.
According to the auxiliary battery power supply device disclosed in Patent Document 1, external power is supplied from the charging cable even when the storage amount of the auxiliary battery is less than the startable electric energy of the electric vehicle (when the auxiliary battery runs out). It is said that the electric vehicle can be started up by converting the power into auxiliary power and the convenience can be improved.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-2628

In the auxiliary battery power supply device disclosed in Patent Document 1, a charging cable is connected to the charging port of an electric vehicle, and the converter uses external power (AC) supplied from an external power source (commercial power source for home use) for the auxiliary machine. It must be converted into electric power and supplied to the auxiliary battery (auxiliary battery).
Therefore, when the amount of electricity stored in the auxiliary battery is less than the startable electric energy of the electric vehicle (when the auxiliary battery is over-discharged), the external power supply (household use) is within the reach of the charging cable from the charging port of the electric vehicle. Without a commercial power source, the electric vehicle cannot be started.

  In view of the above circumstances, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a small external scale even when the auxiliary battery is overdischarged and the electric vehicle cannot be started (when the high voltage contactor cannot be operated). An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device for an electric vehicle capable of starting the electric vehicle (operating a main controller and a high voltage contactor) with a power source.

  (1) A power supply device for an electric vehicle according to at least one embodiment of the present invention includes a high-voltage and large-capacity drive battery, and a low-voltage and small-capacity battery that can be charged by electric power supplied from the drive battery. An auxiliary battery, a high voltage converter capable of converting a power supply voltage of the driving battery into a voltage that can be charged in the auxiliary battery, and provided between the high voltage converter and the driving battery, A high voltage contactor capable of connecting the driving battery to the high voltage converter using an auxiliary battery as a power source, and a main controller capable of controlling the high voltage contactor and the high voltage converter using the auxiliary battery as a power source; A power supply device for an electric vehicle comprising: a terminal to which an external small-scale power source serving as an emergency power source can be connected; and an external small-sized power source connected to the terminal A capacitor capable of storing electric charge for operating the main controller and the high voltage contactor by electric power supplied from a simulated power source, and a power supply voltage supplied from an external small-scale power source connected to the terminal is stored in the capacitor A low-voltage converter capable of converting to a possible voltage, a low-voltage contactor provided between the capacitor and the auxiliary battery and capable of shutting off the auxiliary battery, and an external small scale connected to the terminal A sub-controller capable of controlling the low-voltage contactor and the low-voltage converter using a power source as a power source, and the sub-controller is connected to the low-voltage contactor when an external small-scale power source is connected to the terminal. The auxiliary battery is shut off, the low voltage converter is operated, and the capacitor is After storing the charge for operating the in-controller and the high-voltage contactor, the main controller is operated, while the main controller is connected to the high-voltage contactor and the driving battery to the high-voltage contactor. Thereafter, the high voltage converter is operated.

According to the configuration (1) above, when the high voltage contactor cannot be operated due to overdischarge of the auxiliary battery, when the external small-scale power source is connected to the terminal, the sub-controller supplements the low voltage contactor. The machine battery is shut off, the low voltage converter is operated, the electric charge for operating the main controller and the high voltage contactor is stored in the capacitor, and then the main controller is operated, while the main controller is connected to the high voltage contactor. After connecting the driving battery to the high voltage converter, the high voltage converter is operated.
Therefore, even when the electric vehicle cannot be started due to overdischarge of the auxiliary battery (when the high voltage contactor cannot be operated), the electric vehicle is started (main controller and high voltage) by the external small-scale power source. Operating the contactor).

(2) In some embodiments, the configuration of the above (1) further includes a voltage sensor capable of measuring a power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery.
With the configuration (2) above, the voltage sensor measures the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery, so the sub-controller can determine whether the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery is normal.

(3) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (2), the sub-controller has a power supply voltage measured by the voltage sensor that is equal to or higher than a voltage at which the main controller and the high voltage contactor can be continuously operated. In addition, the low-voltage converter is stopped, and the auxiliary battery is connected to the low-voltage contactor.
According to the configuration of (3) above, the sub-controller stops the low-voltage converter when the power supply voltage measured by the voltage sensor is equal to or higher than the voltage at which the main controller and the high-voltage contactor can continue to operate, Connect the auxiliary battery to the contactor. As a result, a current of a predetermined voltage is supplied from the auxiliary battery to the main controller and the high voltage contactor, and the main controller can appropriately control the high voltage contactor. As a result, the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery can be properly managed.

(4) In some embodiments, in any one of the configurations (1) to (3), the external small-scale power source is a power source corresponding to two AA batteries.
According to the configuration of (4) above, the user can easily obtain the external small-scale power source, and therefore, the electric vehicle can be activated without obtaining the cooperation of another vehicle.

  According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, even when the electric vehicle cannot be started (when the high voltage contactor cannot be operated), the electric vehicle is started (the main controller and the high voltage) by the external small-scale power source. Operating the contactor).

1 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a configuration of a power supply device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing control contents of a power supply device for an electric vehicle shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described in the embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative examples. Absent.
For example, expressions expressing relative or absolute arrangements such as “in a certain direction”, “along a certain direction”, “parallel”, “orthogonal”, “center”, “concentric” or “coaxial” are strictly In addition to such an arrangement, it is also possible to represent a state of relative displacement with an angle or a distance such that tolerance or the same function can be obtained.
In addition, for example, expressions representing shapes such as quadrangular shapes and cylindrical shapes not only represent shapes such as quadrangular shapes and cylindrical shapes in a strict geometric sense, but also within the range where the same effect can be obtained. A shape including a chamfered portion or the like is also expressed.
On the other hand, the expressions “comprising”, “comprising”, “comprising”, “including”, or “having” one constituent element are not exclusive expressions for excluding the existence of the other constituent elements.

  The electric vehicle on which the power supply device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted includes an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a configuration of a power supply device 100 for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the control contents of power supply device 100 for the electric vehicle shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a power supply device 100 for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a drive battery 11, an auxiliary battery 12, a high voltage converter 13, a high voltage contactor 14, and a main controller 15. , Terminals 21a and 21b, capacitor 22, low voltage converter 23, low voltage contactor 24, and sub-controller 25.

  The driving battery 11 is a power source for driving the electric vehicle. The drive battery 11 is a high voltage and large capacity battery. The voltage of the driving battery 11 is, for example, 300V.

  The auxiliary battery 12 is a low-voltage and small-capacity battery, and has the same power supply voltage as the current flowing in the general electrical components (the large current electrical component 16 and other electrical components 17) mounted on the electric vehicle. ing. The voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 is, for example, 12V. The reinforcing battery can be charged by electric power supplied from the driving battery 11.

  The high voltage converter 13 is a DC-DC converter, and can convert the power supply voltage of the driving battery 11 into a voltage that can charge the auxiliary battery 12. For example, the high voltage converter 13 can convert the power supply voltage of 300 V of the driving battery 11 into a voltage of 12 V that can charge the auxiliary battery. Further, the high voltage converter 13 can supply current to general electrical components (the high current electrical component 16 and other electrical components 17) while charging the auxiliary battery 12.

  The large current electrical component 16 is, for example, a motor or a headlight that is a power source for various devices. The large current electrical component 16 can be operated by the current supplied from the high voltage converter 13 or the auxiliary battery 12, and if the large current electrical component 16 is continuously operated in the state where no current is supplied from the high voltage converter 13, the large current electrical component 16 is compensated. The machine battery 12 is overdischarged in a short time. The other electrical components 17 are electrical components other than the large current electrical component 16 and the controller. The other electrical components 17 can be operated by the current supplied from the high voltage converter 13 or the auxiliary battery 12 in the same manner as the large current electrical component 16, and the other electrical components 17 are not supplied with the current from the high voltage converter 13. If the electrical component 17 is kept operating, the auxiliary battery 12 will eventually be over-discharged.

  The high voltage contactor 14 is provided between the high voltage converter 13 and the driving battery 11. The high voltage contactor 14 can connect the driving battery 11 to the high voltage converter 13 using the auxiliary battery 12 as a power source. The high voltage contactor 14 is a so-called normally open contactor in which the driving battery 11 is cut off when a power supply voltage of a predetermined value (for example, 6 V) or more is not supplied from the auxiliary battery 12 or other power source. Therefore, when the power supply voltage higher than a predetermined value is not supplied from the auxiliary battery 12 to the high voltage contactor 14 due to overdischarge of the auxiliary battery 12, the high voltage contactor 14 supplies the driving battery 11 to the high voltage converter 13. Cannot be connected. As a result, the state where the drive battery 11 cannot be connected to the high voltage converter 13 continues unless the power supply voltage of a predetermined value or higher is supplied from the auxiliary battery 12 or other power source to the high voltage contactor 14. The power supply voltage cannot be supplied to the high voltage converter 13.

  For example, the high voltage contactor 14 requires a power supply of about 10 A in total at 12 V for a time of about 1 to 2 seconds during initial driving. Assuming that the driving battery 11 can be connected to the high voltage converter 13 with a power source capable of holding 10A for 10 seconds for the initial driving of the high voltage contactor 14, the required amount of electricity can be estimated to be 100 coulombs. is there.

  The main controller 15 is a control device capable of controlling the high voltage contactor 14 and the high voltage converter 13 using the auxiliary battery 12 as a power source. The main controller 15 causes the high-voltage contactor 14 to connect the driving battery 11 to the high-voltage converter 13 in response to the start-up notification from the sub-controller 25 when the external small-scale power supply PS is connected to the terminals 21a and 21b. After that, the high voltage converter 13 is operated.

The terminals 21a and 21b can be connected to an external small-scale power source PS serving as an emergency power source. The external small-scale power source PS is configured by a power source equivalent to two AA batteries, for example. The power source corresponding to two AA batteries is, for example, a dry cell charging unit capable of charging a mobile phone.
The terminals 21a and 21b are, for example, compliant with the USB (Universal Serial Bus) standard, and can be easily connected when the dry battery charging unit has a terminal compliant with the USB standard.

  A power supply equivalent to two AA batteries can be expected to have a capacity of about 200 to 500 mAh. If the average discharge voltage of the power source corresponding to two AA batteries is 2.4 V, the total charge amount of the power source corresponding to two AA batteries exceeds at least 1700 coulombs. Accordingly, the total charge amount (1700 coulombs) of the power source corresponding to two AA dry cells exceeds the electric amount (100 coulombs) required for the initial drive of the high voltage contactor 14 described above. This power source can supply a sufficient amount of charge when the high voltage contactor 14 is initially driven.

  The capacitor 22 can store electric charges for operating the main controller 15 and the high voltage contactor 14 by the electric power supplied from the external small-scale power source PS connected to the terminals 21a and 21b. In one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to store a charge that can operate the high-voltage contactor 14, the main controller 15, and other electrical components 17 for a short time.

  The low voltage converter 23 is a DC-DC converter, and can convert the power supply voltage supplied from the external small-scale power supply PS connected to the terminals 21 a and 21 b into a voltage that can be stored in the capacitor 22. For example, the low-voltage converter 23 is capable of charging the auxiliary battery 12 with the voltage of the external small-scale power supply PS connected to the terminals 21a and 21b, for example, the power supply voltage for two AA batteries (for example, 12V).

  The low voltage contactor 24 is provided between the capacitor 22 and the auxiliary battery 12. The low voltage contactor 24 can cut off the auxiliary battery 12 using the external small-scale power source PS connected to the terminals 21a and 21b as a power source. The low voltage contactor 24 is a so-called normally closed contactor to which the auxiliary battery 12 is connected in a state where power is not supplied from the power source. Therefore, the connection of the auxiliary battery 12 is maintained unless the external small-scale power supply PS is connected to the terminals 21a and 21b.

  The sub-controller 25 is a control device that can control the low-voltage contactor 24 and the low-voltage converter 23 using the external small-scale power source PS connected to the terminals 21a and 21b as a power source. The sub-controller 25 causes the low-voltage contactor 24 to shut off the auxiliary battery 12 and operate the low-voltage converter 23 when the external small-scale power source PS is connected to the terminals 21a and 21b. Further, the sub-controller 25 causes the capacitor 22 to store charges for operating the main controller 15 and the high-voltage contactor 14, then notifies the main controller 15 of the start-up and operates the main controller 15.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply device 100 for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a voltage sensor 26. The voltage sensor 26 can measure the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12. When the voltage sensor 26 is provided in this way, the voltage sensor 26 measures the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12, so the sub-controller 25 can determine whether or not the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 is normal. it can.

  In the power supply device 100 for an electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, the sub-controller 25 can continuously operate the main controller 15 and the high-voltage contactor 14 with the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 measured by the voltage sensor 26. When the voltage is higher than the normal voltage, the low voltage converter 23 is stopped and the auxiliary battery 12 is connected to the low voltage contactor 24.

  When the power supply apparatus 100 for an electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention described above is not supplied with a power supply voltage of a predetermined value or more from the auxiliary battery 12 to the high voltage contactor 14 due to overdischarge of the auxiliary battery 12. The high voltage contactor 14 cannot connect the driving battery 11 to the high voltage converter 13. As a result, the state where the drive battery 11 cannot be connected to the high voltage converter 13 continues unless the power supply voltage of a predetermined value or higher is supplied from the auxiliary battery 12 or other power source to the high voltage contactor 14. The power supply voltage cannot be supplied to the high voltage converter 13, and the electric vehicle cannot be started.

  In the power supply apparatus 100 for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, the state in which the drive battery 11 cannot be connected to the high voltage converter 13 continues due to overdischarge of the auxiliary battery 12, and the electric vehicle cannot be started. In such a case, the electric vehicle can be started by connecting an external small-scale power source PS as an emergency power source to the terminals 21a and 21b.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the power supply device 100 for an electric vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention, when an external small-scale power supply PS serving as an emergency power supply is connected to the terminals 21a and 21b (step S11: Yes). The sub controller 25 is activated (step S12). When the sub-controller 25 is activated, first, it is confirmed whether or not the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 is normal (step S13). Whether or not the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 is normal is confirmed based on the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 measured by the voltage sensor 26, for example.

  When the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 is not normal, that is, when the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 is less than the predetermined value (step S13: No), the sub controller 25 causes the main controller 15 to perform an emergency start. (Start-up by the external small-scale power source PS connected to the terminals 21a and 21b) is notified (step S14), the auxiliary battery 12 is cut off by the low voltage contactor 24, and the low voltage converter 23 is operated (step S15). ). Thereby, the low voltage converter 23 converts the power supply voltage supplied from the external small-scale power supply PS connected to the terminals 21 a and 21 b into a voltage that can be stored in the capacitor 22, and starts storing electric charge in the capacitor 22.

  The sub-controller 25 stores the electric charge for operating the main controller 15 and the high voltage contactor 14 in the capacitor 22 within a predetermined time (step S16: No) (step S17: Yes), and then causes the main controller 15 to store the electric charge. The start is notified (step S18), and the main controller 15 is operated.

  When the start-up is notified from the sub-controller 25, the main controller 15 causes the high-voltage contactor 14 to connect the drive battery 11 to the high-voltage converter 13 and then operates the high-voltage converter 13 (step S19). Thereby, the high voltage converter 13 converts the power supply voltage of the driving battery 11 into a voltage that can charge the auxiliary battery 12 and starts charging the auxiliary battery 12.

  Then, when the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined value within the predetermined time (step S20: No) (step S21: Yes), the sub-controller 25 notifies the main controller 15 of the start-up (step S22). ). Whether or not the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value is confirmed based on the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 measured by the voltage sensor 26, for example. Then, the sub-controller 25 connects the auxiliary battery 12 to the low voltage contactor 24 and stops the operation of the low voltage converter 23 (step S23).

  According to the above-described power supply device 100 for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric vehicle cannot be started due to overdischarge of the auxiliary battery 12 (when the high voltage contactor 14 cannot be operated). However, it is possible to activate the electric vehicle (operate the main controller 15 and the high voltage contactor 14) by the external small-scale power source PS.

  In addition, the sub-controller 25 stops the low-voltage converter 23 when the power supply voltage measured by the voltage sensor 26 is equal to or higher than the voltage at which the main controller 15 and the high-voltage contactor 14 can be operated continuously. The auxiliary battery 12 is connected. As a result, a predetermined voltage current is supplied from the auxiliary battery 12 to the main controller 15 and the high voltage contactor 14, and the main controller 15 can appropriately control the high voltage contactor 14. As a result, the power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery 12 can be properly managed.

  In addition, since the external small-scale power supply PS is a power supply equivalent to two AA batteries, the user can easily obtain the external small-scale power supply PS. Can be activated.

As described above, the amount of electricity required for the initial driving of the high voltage contactor 14 can be estimated as 100 coulombs, and the total charge amount of the power source corresponding to two AA batteries is 1700 coulombs. The high voltage contactor 14 can be operated by a power source equivalent to two three dry batteries.
On the other hand, in a jump start in an automobile using an engine as a power source, cranking of the starter motor for several seconds is required. For this reason, a starting current of about 100 to 500 A is usually required, a charge amount of at least about 5000 coulombs is required, and starting with a dry battery is difficult.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes forms obtained by modifying the above-described embodiments and forms obtained by appropriately combining these forms.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Power supply apparatus of electric vehicle 11 Drive battery 12 Auxiliary battery 13 High voltage converter 14 High voltage contactor 15 Main controller 21a, 21b Terminal 22 Capacitor 23 Low voltage converter 24 Low voltage contactor 25 Subcontroller 26 Voltage sensor PS External small scale Power supply

Claims (4)

A high-voltage and large-capacity drive battery;
A low-voltage and small-capacity auxiliary battery that can be charged by power supplied from the driving battery;
A high voltage converter capable of converting the power supply voltage of the driving battery into a voltage that can be charged in the auxiliary battery; and
A high voltage contactor provided between the high voltage converter and the driving battery, and capable of connecting the driving battery to the high voltage converter using the auxiliary battery as a power source;
A main controller capable of controlling the high-voltage contactor and the high-voltage converter using the auxiliary battery as a power source;
An electric vehicle power supply device comprising:
A terminal that can be connected to an external small-scale power supply that is an emergency power supply,
A capacitor capable of storing electric charge for operating the main controller and the high voltage contactor with electric power supplied from an external small-scale power source connected to the terminal;
A low voltage converter capable of converting a power supply voltage supplied from an external small-scale power supply connected to the terminal into a voltage that can be stored in the capacitor;
A low-voltage contactor provided between the capacitor and the auxiliary battery and capable of interrupting the auxiliary battery;
A sub-controller capable of controlling the low-voltage contactor and the low-voltage converter using an external small-scale power source connected to the terminal as a power source;
Further comprising
The sub-controller, when an external small-scale power source is connected to the terminal, causes the low-voltage contactor to cut off the auxiliary battery and operates the low-voltage converter, and causes the capacitor to operate the main controller and the After accumulating charges for operating the high voltage contactor, the main controller is operated,
The main controller is configured to operate the high voltage converter after connecting the driving battery to the high voltage converter to the high voltage contactor;
A power supply device for an electric vehicle. A voltage sensor capable of measuring a power supply voltage of the auxiliary battery;
The power supply device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1. The sub-controller
When the power supply voltage measured by the voltage sensor is equal to or higher than a voltage at which the main controller and the high voltage contactor can be continuously operated, the low voltage converter is stopped and the auxiliary battery is connected to the low voltage contactor. Letting
The power supply device for an electric vehicle according to claim 2. The external small-scale power source is a power source equivalent to two AA batteries;
The power supply device for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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