JP2018087581A - Wind lock mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wind lock mechanism which can automatically perform restraint and release without using external power supply, and which can surely exhibit a base isolation effect by performing movement restraint of a lower structure and an upper structure during wind load and releasing the restraint when an earthquake occurs.SOLUTION: A wind lock mechanism A is provided in parallel with a base isolation device in a base isolation layer 3 between an upper structure 1 and a lower structure 2 and it is constituted by including: a shaft spring device 5 having a spring 5a expanding/contracting vertically; a shaft material 6 in which an axial direction is disposed vertically, and which is arranged being energized upward by the shaft spring device 5 while connecting a lower end part side to the lower structure 2 via the shaft spring device 5; and a bundle material 8 whose lower end part is pin-connected to an upper end part of the shaft material 6 via a pin connection part 7, and which is disposed by pressing the upper end part to the upper structure 1 by an energization force of the spring 5a in a compression state of the shaft spring device 5 acting through the shaft material 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a wind lock mechanism that is provided in a seismic isolation layer of a building together with a seismic isolation device and immobilizes the seismic isolation device when a wind load is applied.

  For example, if a middle- and high-rise building is subjected to a huge earthquake, the weakest layer of the building will be damaged and the proof stress will begin to decline, seismic energy (vibration energy) will concentrate on this layer, causing layer collapse, and the other layers will be healthy However, the phenomenon that the building collapses due to the layer collapse mode occurs. Even if it does not collapse, the damage of the weakest layer will be enormous, making it difficult to recover by repair.

  On the other hand, as is well known, for example, in buildings such as office buildings, public facilities, and apartment buildings, there is no need to use rubber such as laminated rubber in the seismic isolation layer between the upper structure and the lower structure, such as between the building body and the foundation. In some cases, a seismic device is installed to shift the natural period of the superstructure from the dominant period band of seismic motion to the long period side during earthquakes, reducing the response acceleration and suppressing shaking.

  On the other hand, the seismic isolation building with the seismic isolation layer has a greater effect of reducing the response during an earthquake as the rigidity of the seismic isolation layer is reduced as much as possible and the period is longer. (If the seismic isolation layer is too soft), the building will be easily shaken by wind loads, such as during strong winds.

  For this reason, in normal base-isolated buildings / base-isolated designs, use of lead-plug laminated rubber seismic isolation devices or use of lead dampers and steel dampers together with natural rubber-based laminated rubber seismic isolation devices, By making the yield strength larger than the wind load acting on the seismic isolation layer, the sway during strong winds is avoided.

  However, measures to increase the yield strength of the base isolation layer by using laminated rubber with lead plugs or using a damper in combination with the base isolation device naturally means increasing the equivalent rigidity of the base isolation building. This conflicts with the longer period, leading to a reduction in the response reduction effect during earthquakes.

  On the other hand, it is a wind to prevent the seismic isolation layer from being deformed in strong winds (or small and medium earthquakes), and to prevent the equivalent rigidity from becoming too large and to prevent the response reduction effect during a large earthquake due to a long period. A lock mechanism has been proposed and put to practical use (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Specifically, when a set load larger than the wind load is applied, a mechanism that tightens the lower structure and the upper structure of the base-isolated building with shear pins that break by shearing force and restrains the movement of the upper structure when wind loads are applied (by shear pins) Wind-lock mechanism), sensors that detect external forces such as wind and earthquake, and actively controlling the damping coefficient of the oil damper according to the magnitude of the external force (oil damper with active-control wind-lock mechanism), approaching typhoons / Proposed and put to practical use are oil dampers with a shear pin (lock pin) that is manually inserted and removed according to passage, etc. (oil damper with passive wind lock mechanism).

JP 2004-176525 A

  However, in the wind lock mechanism with shear pin (and oil damper with passive wind lock mechanism), the load is released momentarily when the lock is released due to shear failure of the shear pin. There is a problem that it is transmitted as an impact load and the response acceleration increases momentarily. There is also a problem that shear pins are very expensive.

  In addition, in an oil damper with a passive wind lock mechanism, it is necessary to install or release a shear pin (lock pin) before the wind becomes a problem. Remain.

  In the oil damper with the active control type wind lock mechanism, the wind lock function is not exhibited at all in case of failure. For this reason, from the viewpoint of long-term durability, reliability, etc. of the electrical component, it is necessary to design in a fail-safe state in which the failure occurs by assuming a failure.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can automatically perform restraint and release without using external electric power, moves and restrains the lower structure and upper structure during wind loads, and releases the restraint during earthquakes by releasing the restraint. It aims at providing the wind lock mechanism which makes it possible to exhibit an effect reliably.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following means.

  The wind lock mechanism of the present invention is a wind lock mechanism provided in parallel to the seismic isolation device in the seismic isolation layer between the upper structure and the lower structure, and an axial spring device having a spring that expands and contracts in the vertical direction, and the axial direction Are arranged in the vertical direction, and the lower end side is connected to the lower structure via the axial spring device and is urged upward by the axial spring device, and the lower end portion is the shaft material. A bundle member which is pin-coupled to the upper end portion of the shaft spring and is arranged by pressing the upper end portion against the upper structure when the biasing force of the spring which is in a compressed state of the shaft spring device acts through the shaft member. It is characterized by being configured.

  In the wind lock mechanism of the present invention, the upper structure is provided with a fitting recess into which the upper end portion of the bundle is fitted, and the upper structure is displaced relative to the lower structure. It is desirable that the bundle member is tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to the shaft member, and the fitting state of the upper end portion of the bundle member is released.

  According to the wind lock mechanism of the present invention, by providing the base isolation layer between the upper structure and the lower structure, the upper structure can be automatically restrained or released without using external power. It is possible to move and restrain the upper structure and the lower structure, and to release the restraint in the event of an earthquake, so that the seismic isolation effect on the upper structure can be exhibited reliably.

It is a figure which shows the wind lock mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the wind lock mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of a change of the pin coupling part of the wind lock mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure used by description of operation | movement of the wind lock mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure used by description of operation | movement of the wind lock mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the restoring force characteristic of the wind locking mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the restoring force characteristic of the seismic isolation layer which installed the wind lock mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the load and displacement of the wind lock mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which compared the time history waveform of the absolute acceleration, the mass point displacement, and the reaction force when not using the wind lock mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the layer distribution of a wind load. It is a figure which shows the pseudo-velocity response spectrum (h = 0.05) of an input ground motion, and the layer distribution of a waveform wind load. It is a figure which shows the maximum response value of a Lv1 earthquake and a Lv2 earthquake. It is a figure which shows the fail safe mechanism of the axial spring apparatus at the time of lock release. It is a figure which shows the example of the apparatus recovery method after lock release.

  A wind lock mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the wind lock mechanism (wind lock device) A according to the present embodiment has an insulating layer 3 between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2 such as between the building body and the foundation, so It is provided in parallel with a seismic device (not shown).

  The wind lock mechanism A moves so as not to deform the seismic isolation layer 3 during strong winds or small and medium earthquakes, that is, so as not to displace the upper structure 1 relative to the lower structure 2 during strong winds or small and medium earthquakes. Restraining and releasing the movement restraint in the event of a large earthquake, so that the seismic isolation performance of the superstructure 1 by the seismic isolation device can be demonstrated, that is, the response reduction effect of the superstructure 1 by extending the period of a large earthquake It is configured.

  Specifically, the wind lock mechanism A of the present embodiment includes an axial spring device 5 provided with a spring 5 a that expands and contracts in the vertical direction, and an axial direction is arranged in the vertical direction, and a lower end portion is interposed through the axial spring device 5. A shaft member 6 that is connected to the lower structure 2 and is urged upward by a shaft spring device 5 and a lower end portion of the shaft member 6 are pin-coupled to the upper end portion of the shaft member 6 via a pin coupling portion 7. The urging force of the spring 5a in the compressed state of the device 5 acts through the shaft member 6, and the bundle member 8 disposed by pressing / pressing the upper end portion against the upper structure 1 is a main component. Yes.

  In this embodiment, the shaft member 6 and the bundle member 8 are respectively steel columnar members, and the pin coupling portion 7 is constituted by a ball joint (spherical bearing and spherical seat). Note that the pin coupling portion 7 is configured such that the axis of the bundle 8 can freely rotate / tilt at a predetermined angle (about 45 ° in the present embodiment) with respect to the axis extending in the vertical direction of the shaft 6. If the bundle material 8 can be connected, there is no need to particularly limit the configuration. For example, instead of the ball joint, a universal joint as shown in FIG.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, on the lower surface of the upper structure 1, a bundle 8 is arranged coaxially with an axis of the shaft 6, that is, the bundle 6 is not inclined and the shaft 6 is not inclined. The upper end portion 8a of the bundle 8 that is pressed against the lower surface of the upper structure 1 by the urging force of the axial spring device 5 is fitted in a state in which the axial direction is arranged above and below the bundle. A fitting recess 9 for holding 8 is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the fitting recess 9 is configured such that the upper structure 1 is relatively displaced with respect to the lower structure 2 and is driven by the upper structure 1 so that the bundle member 8 is fixed to the shaft member 6. It is formed so that the fitting state of the upper end portion 8a of the bundle 8 is released while tilting at an angle.

  Further, when the relative displacement amount of the upper structure 1 with respect to the lower structure 2 is within a predetermined amount or less, the fitting recess 9 causes the upper end portion 8a of the bundle 8 to be fitted into the fitting recess by the biasing force of the shaft spring device 5. By pressing 9, the upper structure 1 is returned to the original position with respect to the lower structure 2 so that the origin can be returned.

  That is, in the wind lock mechanism A of the present embodiment, a compression axial force is introduced into the bundle material 8 to generate an inclination restoring force (rocking resistance), and this inclination restoring force is used as a lock load. For example, when the bundle member 8 is formed in a columnar shape with a diameter of 200 mm, the relative displacement amount of the upper structure 1 with respect to the lower structure 2 (the deformation amount of the seismic isolation layer 3) is 100 mm or less of the radius of the bundle member 8. The upper structure 1 can be returned to the origin by the inclination restoring force of the bundle 8.

  When the relative displacement amount of the upper structure 1 with respect to the lower structure 2 (the deformation amount of the seismic isolation layer 3) exceeds the radius of the bundle material 8, the inclination restoring force of the bundle material 8 is completely lost, and at this stage the wind lock It is comprised so that the effect | action of the mechanism A may be cancelled | released.

  As a result, the wind lock mechanism A of the present embodiment includes a passive type unlock mechanism that depends on the deformation of the seismic isolation layer 3, and the deformation of the seismic isolation layer 3 does not exceed the radius of the bundle 8. Has a restoring force characteristic as non-linear elasticity in which a restoring force is always generated, and a deformation below that always returns to the original position and no residual deformation occurs.

  More specifically, FIG. 4 shows the operating principle of the wind lock mechanism A of this embodiment. 6 and 7 show the restoring force characteristics of the wind lock mechanism A of the present embodiment.

  In addition to the restoring force characteristic of the seismic isolation layer 3 in which the wind lock mechanism A of the present embodiment is installed, FIG. 7 shows a comparative example of using a laminated rubber with lead plugs when using a shear pin as a conventional wind lock mechanism. The restoring force when used is shown.

  The inclination restoring force (lock load FL) generated in the bundle member 8 depends on the radius b and length h of the bundle member 8 and the compression axial force P generated in the bundle member 8 as shown in the following formula (1). . Here, if the bundle diameter is 200 mm, the bundle length is 300 mm, and the compression axial force is 1500 kN, the lock load is 500 kN (= 1500 × 100/300). Furthermore, the external shape of the device itself is approximately 1000 mm × 500φ, which is a compact shape.

  And in the wind lock mechanism A of this embodiment which consists of the said structure, as shown in FIG. 7, unlike the conventional shear pin, the oil damper with a passive type wind lock mechanism, etc., using a wind restoring force, The momentary change in the restoring force load of the seismic isolation layer 3 associated with the release of the lock becomes gradual.

  That is, there is no problem that the response acceleration instantaneously increases when the lock is released during an earthquake.

  Here, the results of “1 mass point system response analysis” and “multi mass system response analysis” performed to confirm the superiority of the wind lock mechanism A according to the present invention will be described.

<Response analysis of one mass system>
For one mass system, time history response analysis was performed for an extremely rare earthquake (El Centro NS, y ″ max = 5.11 m / s ² ), and the response characteristics of the wind lock mechanism according to the present invention were confirmed.

  The mass point mass was 500 ton, the spring stiffness was 789.56 kN / m, and the natural period was set to about 4 seconds. Further, the lock load of the wind lock mechanism A was 490 kN as a rigid assumed value.

  FIG. 8 shows the load deformation relationship of the wind lock mechanism A obtained by the response analysis. The acceleration waveform of the mass point is shown in FIG. 9A, and the displacement waveform is shown in FIG. 9B. Moreover, the waveform of the wind lock mechanism reaction force is shown in FIG.

  By comparing the time history waveforms, a response of 4 seconds or less in which the wind lock is acting when the wind lock mechanism A according to the present invention is installed (with the wind lock) and when not installed (without the wind lock). However, it was confirmed that there was no significant difference in the maximum response value. In addition, it was confirmed that a phenomenon in which acceleration instantaneously increases was not observed, and smooth unlocking characteristics can be realized (preferable unlocking performance is exhibited).

<Response analysis of multi-mass system>
The effect of the wind lock mechanism (tilt restoration wind lock) A according to the present invention will be confirmed for a base-isolated building modeled as a 14-layer equivalent shear type mass system. The specifications of the mass point system are shown in Table 1, and the layer distribution of the wind load is shown in FIG.

  The lock load of the wind lock mechanism A is set to a load that suppresses the deformation of the seismic isolation layer 3 and does not unlock the wind load (Lv1) that occurs rarely and the wind load (Lv2) that occurs extremely rarely. Time history response analysis was performed for extremely rare earthquakes (Lv2: seismic intensity around 6) and rarely occurring earthquakes (Lv1: seismic intensity around 5).

  In addition, the response of the case using “shear pin”, “elastic lock mechanism” and “laminated rubber with lead plug” with a lock load of 10,000 kN was compared.

  The phase of the input seismic ground motion was the notification Kanto EW (FIGS. 11A and 11B). The primary period of the superstructure when the seismic isolation layer is fixed is about 2.0 seconds, and the primary period considering the base isolation layer is about 5.2 seconds. The wind lock load of the wind lock mechanism A of the present invention was set to 6000 kN (12 500 kN wind lock mechanisms) so as not to deform the seismic isolation layer against the rarely generated wind load (Lv1). Moreover, the restoring force of the seismic isolation layer 3 at the time of 100 mm deformation is 10000 kN (= 6000 + 40000 × 0.1), and the wind lock is not released even for an extremely rare wind load (Lv2).

  As shown in the analysis result shown in FIG. 12 (a), from the response result of rare earthquake (Lv1), the wind lock mechanism (tilt restoring force lock) A according to the present invention is a “lead plug-laminated laminate” used in a normal seismic isolation device. Compared to “rubber”, it was confirmed that the acceleration, laminar shear force, and interlaminar deformation angle are high in response reduction effect.

  The effect is comparable even when compared to “elastic lock” and “shear pin”, but the effect of reducing acceleration is greater than that of “shear pin”.

  Further, from the response result of extremely rare earthquake (Lv2) (FIG. 12 (b)), the wind lock mechanism A according to the present invention, like Lv1, can reduce the response compared to “laminated rubber with lead plug”. confirmed. On the other hand, although the response acceleration of the lowest floor increased as compared with other devices, it was confirmed that there was almost no influence on the laminar shear force and interlaminar deformation angle.

Table 2 shows the performance and cost of each device.
From Table 2, it can be seen that the wind lock mechanism A according to the present invention is inexpensive and has a lock effect at the time of wind load and a seismic motion reduction effect at Lv1 and Lv2.

  Therefore, in the wind lock mechanism A of this embodiment, by providing the base isolation layer 3 between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, the upper structure 1 is automatically restrained or released without using external power. It is possible to move and restrain the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2 at the time of wind load, and to release the restraint at the time of an earthquake so that the seismic isolation effect on the upper structure 1 can be surely exhibited.

  As a result, in addition to improving the habitability of base-isolated buildings during strong winds, it is possible to reduce the maximum response layer shear force of the earthquake and reduce the number of cases (reducing the number of cases for active systems, considering fail-safe) Not).

  In addition, it is possible to realize a wind lock mechanism A that is less expensive than those currently in practical use. Furthermore, a certain effect can be reliably exerted even in the event of wind and small and medium earthquakes, and no residual deformation occurs.

  Furthermore, it is compact (for example, h: 1500 mm × w: 600 mm × d: within 600 mm), and the occupied space can be saved.

  In addition, it can be made maintenance-free except for restoration of the unlocked state in the event of a large earthquake.

  In order to prevent the spring 5a of the shaft spring device 5 from popping out when the lock is released, for example, a stopper 10 as shown in FIG. 13 is preferably provided. More specifically, in this embodiment, after installing the wind lock mechanism A between the seismic isolation layers 3, the extension of the shaft spring device 5 is limited by the stopper 10. The stopper 10 is composed of a U-shaped plate (stopper piece) divided into four parts. These stopper pieces are combined in a donut shape so as to cover the stroke portion of the shaft spring device 5, and the ring-shaped plate 11 is fitted on the outer periphery. It is installed by fixing with bolts. The stopper 10 and the ring-shaped plate 11 installed in this way can prevent the spring 5a of the shaft spring device 5 from popping out when the lock is released.

  Further, as a method for recovering the unlocked state, for example, as shown in FIG. 14A, the diagonal of the flange of the shaft spring device 5 is sandwiched between the vise 12 and the spring 5a is compressed to wind-lock mechanism. A method of resetting A, or a method of resetting the wind lock mechanism A by tensioning the PC steel bar 13 with the hydraulic jack 14 and fixing the nut with a predetermined spring displacement, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, there is a method in which a jack space 15 is provided in the lower part of the wind lock mechanism A, and the wind lock mechanism A is reset by extending and contracting the shaft spring device 5 with a center hole jack.

  While the embodiment of the wind lock mechanism according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate without departing from the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper structure 2 Lower structure 3 Seismic isolation layer 5 Axial spring device 5a Spring 6 Axle material 7 Pin coupling part 8 Bundled material 8a Upper end part 9 Fitting recessed part 10 Stopper 11 Ring-shaped plate 12 Vise 13 PC steel bar 14 Hydraulic jack 15 Jack space A Wind lock mechanism

Claims (2)

A wind lock mechanism provided in parallel with the seismic isolation device in the seismic isolation layer between the upper structure and the lower structure,
An axial spring device having a spring that expands and contracts in the vertical direction;
A shaft member arranged in an up-and-down direction in the axial direction and urged upward by the shaft spring device while being connected to the lower structure via the shaft spring device.
A lower end portion is pin-coupled to an upper end portion of the shaft member, and an urging force of a spring in a compressed state of the shaft spring device acts through the shaft member to press the upper end portion against the upper structure. The wind lock mechanism is characterized by comprising a bundle material. The wind lock mechanism according to claim 1,
A fitting recess into which the upper end of the bundle is fitted to the upper structure is provided,
The upper structure is displaced relative to the lower structure, and the bundle is tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to the shaft by following the upper structure, and the fitting state of the upper end of the bundle is released. It is comprised so that a wind lock mechanism characterized by the above-mentioned.

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